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by
preposition
used
to
show
that
someone
or
something
is
next
to
or
very
close
to
another
person
or
thing
•
They
built
a
small
cabin
by
the
river
where
they
could
fish
every
weekend
.
They
built
a
small
cabin
by
the
river
where
they
could
fish
every
weekend
.
•
Please
put
the
groceries
by
the
door
so
I
can
find
them
easily
.
Please
put
the
groceries
by
the
door
so
I
can
find
them
easily
.
preposition
next
to
or
very
close
to
someone
or
something
•
A
cozy
coffee
shop
sat
by
the
river
,
filling
the
air
with
the
smell
of
fresh
pastries
.
A
cozy
coffee
shop
sat
by
the
river
,
filling
the
air
with
the
smell
of
fresh
pastries
.
•
He
placed
his
suitcase
by
the
door
so
he
would
not
forget
it
on
his
way
out
.
He
placed
his
suitcase
by
the
door
so
he
would
not
forget
it
on
his
way
out
.
preposition
used
to
show
the
person
,
group
,
or
thing
that
performs
an
action
,
especially
in
a
passive
sentence
•
The
novel
was
written
by
a
famous
scientist
.
The
novel
was
written
by
a
famous
scientist
.
•
This
mural
was
painted
by
local
students
to
brighten
the
neighborhood
.
This
mural
was
painted
by
local
students
to
brighten
the
neighborhood
.
preposition
used
to
show
the
method
,
means
,
or
way
in
which
something
is
done
,
made
,
or
travels
•
We
usually
go
to
work
by
bus
to
avoid
traffic
.
We
usually
go
to
work
by
bus
to
avoid
traffic
.
•
She
paid
for
the
coffee
by
credit
card
.
She
paid
for
the
coffee
by
credit
card
.
preposition
used
to
say
that
something
happens
not
later
than
a
particular
time
or
deadline
•
Please
finish
your
homework
by
eight
o
’
clock
.
Please
finish
your
homework
by
eight
o
’
clock
.
•
All
applications
must
be
submitted
by
Friday
.
All
applications
must
be
submitted
by
Friday
.
adverb
used
alone
to
mean
‘
past
’
or
‘
near
’
something
,
often
when
describing
movement
•
She
walked
by
without
noticing
me
.
She
walked
by
without
noticing
me
.
•
The
parade
marched
by
while
the
children
cheered
.
The
parade
marched
by
while
the
children
cheered
.
preposition
showing
the
person
who
creates
or
does
something
,
especially
in
passive
sentences
•
The
novel
was
written
by
her
grandfather
many
years
ago
.
The
novel
was
written
by
her
grandfather
many
years
ago
.
•
The
painting
by
Van
Gogh
attracts
thousands
of
visitors
every
year
.
The
painting
by
Van
Gogh
attracts
thousands
of
visitors
every
year
.
preposition
using
a
particular
way
,
method
,
or
means
•
They
traveled
by
train
to
the
coast
for
the
weekend
.
They
traveled
by
train
to
the
coast
for
the
weekend
.
•
He
paid
by
credit
card
at
the
checkout
counter
.
He
paid
by
credit
card
at
the
checkout
counter
.
preposition
no
later
than
a
particular
time
or
date
•
Please
return
the
library
books
by
Monday
.
Please
return
the
library
books
by
Monday
.
•
The
package
should
arrive
by
noon
tomorrow
.
The
package
should
arrive
by
noon
tomorrow
.
preposition
used
to
show
the
amount
of
change
or
difference
between
two
numbers
,
levels
,
or
measurements
•
House
prices
rose
by
10
percent
last
year
.
House
prices
rose
by
10
percent
last
year
.
•
The
temperature
dropped
by
five
degrees
overnight
.
The
temperature
dropped
by
five
degrees
overnight
.
preposition
indicating
the
amount
of
a
difference
•
Our
team
won
the
match
by
two
goals
.
Our
team
won
the
match
by
two
goals
.
•
The
shirt
is
too
big
by
a
few
centimeters
.
The
shirt
is
too
big
by
a
few
centimeters
.
adverb
past
or
along
a
place
,
usually
after
moving
•
I
watched
the
parade
go
by
from
my
balcony
.
I
watched
the
parade
go
by
from
my
balcony
.
•
She
waved
as
the
train
rushed
by
.
She
waved
as
the
train
rushed
by
.
baby
noun
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
a
very
young
child
,
especially
one
who
has
not
yet
learned
to
walk
or
talk
.
•
The
baby
slept
peacefully
in
his
crib
.
The
baby
slept
peacefully
in
his
crib
.
•
A
smiling
nurse
placed
the
newborn
baby
into
its
father's
arms
.
A
smiling
nurse
placed
the
newborn
baby
into
its
father's
arms
.
Old
English
“
bæb
”,
imitative
of
infant
sounds
;
the
modern
spelling
appears
in
the
14th
century
.
noun
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
the
young
of
an
animal
.
•
The
lioness
gently
carried
her
baby
in
its
mouth
.
The
lioness
gently
carried
her
baby
in
its
mouth
.
•
A
mother
duck
led
her
six
baby
ducks
across
the
pond
.
A
mother
duck
led
her
six
baby
ducks
across
the
pond
.
noun
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
an
informal
,
affectionate
word
for
a
romantic
partner
.
•
"
Baby
,
you
look
great
tonight
,"
he
whispered
.
"
Baby
,
you
look
great
tonight
,"
he
whispered
.
•
She
called
her
boyfriend
"
baby
"
when
thanking
him
for
the
flowers
.
She
called
her
boyfriend
"
baby
"
when
thanking
him
for
the
flowers
.
verb
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
to
treat
someone
as
if
they
are
very
young
,
giving
too
much
care
or
protection
.
•
Stop
babying
your
brother
—
he
can
tie
his
own
shoes
.
Stop
babying
your
brother
—
he
can
tie
his
own
shoes
.
•
The
coach
refused
to
baby
the
players
;
they
had
to
carry
their
own
gear
.
The
coach
refused
to
baby
the
players
;
they
had
to
carry
their
own
gear
.
adjective
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
smaller
or
younger
than
usual
of
its
kind
.
•
We
served
baby
carrots
with
the
dip
.
We
served
baby
carrots
with
the
dip
.
•
He
bought
a
pair
of
baby
shoes
as
a
keepsake
.
He
bought
a
pair
of
baby
shoes
as
a
keepsake
.
noun
-
baby
,
babies
,
babying
,
babied
a
project
,
idea
,
or
possession
that
someone
feels
is
their
own
special
responsibility
or
pride
.
•
The
new
app
is
Jessica's
baby
;
she
designed
every
feature
.
The
new
app
is
Jessica's
baby
;
she
designed
every
feature
.
•
Don't
touch
that
guitar
—
it's
Mark's
baby
.
Don't
touch
that
guitar
—
it's
Mark's
baby
.
bye
interjection
used
to
say
goodbye
when
you
are
leaving
someone
or
ending
a
conversation
•
“
Thanks
for
coming
!
Bye
!”
“
Thanks
for
coming
!
Bye
!”
•
He
hung
up
the
phone
after
saying
bye
to
his
mother
.
He
hung
up
the
phone
after
saying
bye
to
his
mother
.
Shortened
from
goodbye
,
first
recorded
in
the
late
16th
century
.
noun
an
automatic
advance
to
the
next
round
of
a
competition
without
playing
a
scheduled
opponent
•
Because
there
were
an
odd
number
of
teams
,
ours
received
a
bye
in
the
first
round
.
Because
there
were
an
odd
number
of
teams
,
ours
received
a
bye
in
the
first
round
.
•
The
tournament
bracket
clearly
showed
which
players
had
a
bye
.
The
tournament
bracket
clearly
showed
which
players
had
a
bye
.
19th-century
sporting
slang
,
perhaps
from
the
idea
of
being
“
by
”
or
outside
the
normal
play
.
noun
in
cricket
,
a
run
scored
when
the
ball
passes
the
batter
without
touching
bat
or
body
and
the
fielding
side
fails
to
stop
it
•
The
wicketkeeper
fumbled
,
allowing
the
batsmen
to
take
a
bye
.
The
wicketkeeper
fumbled
,
allowing
the
batsmen
to
take
a
bye
.
•
They
ran
four
byes
when
the
ball
slipped
past
the
keeper
and
reached
the
rope
.
They
ran
four
byes
when
the
ball
slipped
past
the
keeper
and
reached
the
rope
.
Early
19th-century
cricket
term
,
from
the
sense
of
the
ball
going
"
by
"
the
batter
.
nearby
adjective
located
a
short
distance
away
•
We
found
a
nearby
café
and
stopped
for
coffee
.
We
found
a
nearby
café
and
stopped
for
coffee
.
•
There
is
a
nearby
playground
where
the
children
can
play
safely
.
There
is
a
nearby
playground
where
the
children
can
play
safely
.
adverb
not
far
away
;
close
to
the
place
being
talked
about
•
My
grandparents
live
nearby
,
so
we
visit
them
often
.
My
grandparents
live
nearby
,
so
we
visit
them
often
.
•
A
waiter
was
standing
nearby
and
came
to
take
our
order
.
A
waiter
was
standing
nearby
and
came
to
take
our
order
.
rub
noun
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
,
rubby
,
rubbier
,
rubbiest
an
act
of
moving
something
over
a
surface
with
pressure
•
Give
the
table
a
quick
rub
with
the
cloth
.
Give
the
table
a
quick
rub
with
the
cloth
.
•
My
shoulders
felt
better
after
a
gentle
rub
.
My
shoulders
felt
better
after
a
gentle
rub
.