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π
once
adverb
on
a
single
occasion
;
one
time
β’
I
have
only
been
to
Paris
once
.
I
have
only
been
to
Paris
once
.
β’
Please
say
it
just
once
more
,
and
I
β
ll
write
it
down
.
Please
say
it
just
once
more
,
and
I
β
ll
write
it
down
.
From
Old
English
β
Δnes
β
meaning
β
one
time
β,
built
on
β
Δn
β (
one
)
with
the
adverbial
suffix
β
-es
β.
adverb
on
one
single
occasion
β’
I
climbed
that
mountain
once
with
my
friends
.
I
climbed
that
mountain
once
with
my
friends
.
β’
Press
the
red
button
just
once
to
start
the
machine
.
Press
the
red
button
just
once
to
start
the
machine
.
Old
and
Middle
English
β
Γ¦ne
,
anes
β
meaning
β
one
time
β,
from
Proto-Germanic
*ainiz
.
concern
noun
something
that
worries
you
or
is
a
cause
of
anxiety
β’
Safety
is
our
top
concern
when
designing
these
playgrounds
.
Safety
is
our
top
concern
when
designing
these
playgrounds
.
β’
The
main
concern
of
the
committee
is
reducing
traffic
accidents
.
The
main
concern
of
the
committee
is
reducing
traffic
accidents
.
verb
-
concern
,
concerning
,
concerns
,
concerned
to
make
someone
feel
worried
or
anxious
β’
The
doctor
β
s
silence
concerned
the
patient
.
The
doctor
β
s
silence
concerned
the
patient
.
β’
It
really
concerns
me
that
you
are
not
eating
properly
.
It
really
concerns
me
that
you
are
not
eating
properly
.
noun
-
concern
a
feeling
of
worry
or
anxiety
,
especially
about
something
important
or
uncertain
β’
News
of
the
earthquake
caused
widespread
concern
across
the
city
.
News
of
the
earthquake
caused
widespread
concern
across
the
city
.
β’
Her
parents
β
main
concern
was
her
safety
during
the
trip
.
Her
parents
β
main
concern
was
her
safety
during
the
trip
.
from
Middle
French
concerner
,
from
Latin
concernere
β
to
sift
together
,
mix
,
be
related
to
β
noun
a
matter
that
is
important
to
someone
because
it
affects
them
or
is
their
responsibility
β’
That
β
s
none
of
your
concern
,
so
please
stay
out
of
it
.
That
β
s
none
of
your
concern
,
so
please
stay
out
of
it
.
β’
Environmental
protection
is
a
global
concern
.
Environmental
protection
is
a
global
concern
.
verb
-
concern
,
concerning
,
concerns
,
concerned
to
relate
to
;
to
be
about
or
involve
something
or
someone
β’
The
book
concerns
the
lives
of
migrant
workers
.
The
book
concerns
the
lives
of
migrant
workers
.
β’
His
research
concerns
renewable
energy
.
His
research
concerns
renewable
energy
.
noun
a
business
,
company
,
or
commercial
organization
β’
Her
family
runs
a
small
catering
concern
in
the
suburbs
.
Her
family
runs
a
small
catering
concern
in
the
suburbs
.
β’
The
multinational
concern
employs
over
ten
thousand
people
worldwide
.
The
multinational
concern
employs
over
ten
thousand
people
worldwide
.
concept
noun
an
abstract
idea
or
thought
that
helps
you
understand
or
explain
something
β’
The
concept
of
time
travel
fascinates
many
scientists
.
The
concept
of
time
travel
fascinates
many
scientists
.
β’
Honesty
is
an
important
concept
children
learn
early
in
life
.
Honesty
is
an
important
concept
children
learn
early
in
life
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
β
conceptus
β
meaning
β
something
conceived
β,
from
β
concipere
β (β
to
take
in
,
to
conceive
β).
noun
an
original
design
or
plan
for
a
new
product
,
project
,
or
creation
,
often
shown
in
an
early
experimental
form
β’
The
company
unveiled
a
futuristic
concept
for
an
electric
flying
taxi
.
The
company
unveiled
a
futuristic
concept
for
an
electric
flying
taxi
.
β’
This
museum
exhibit
shows
early
car
concepts
from
the
1950s
.
This
museum
exhibit
shows
early
car
concepts
from
the
1950s
.
Extended
use
of
the
general
meaning
of
β
concept
β
to
physical
design
plans
became
common
in
the
early
20th
century
with
industrial
design
.
concerned
adjective
worried
or
anxious
about
something
β’
Lily
looked
concerned
when
she
saw
the
dark
clouds
gathering
.
Lily
looked
concerned
when
she
saw
the
dark
clouds
gathering
.
β’
His
parents
grew
concerned
about
his
constant
cough
.
His
parents
grew
concerned
about
his
constant
cough
.
adjective
involved
in
or
affected
by
something
β’
All
concerned
employees
must
attend
the
safety
meeting
.
All
concerned
employees
must
attend
the
safety
meeting
.
β’
The
people
concerned
have
already
been
informed
.
The
people
concerned
have
already
been
informed
.
verb
simple
past
and
past
participle
of
concern
:
to
worry
or
involve
someone
β’
The
sudden
drop
in
profits
concerned
the
board
members
.
The
sudden
drop
in
profits
concerned
the
board
members
.
β’
Environmental
damage
has
long
concerned
scientists
.
Environmental
damage
has
long
concerned
scientists
.
concert
noun
a
public
performance
of
music
by
singers
or
musicians
,
usually
watched
by
an
audience
β’
We
bought
tickets
to
see
our
favourite
band
at
the
concert
next
Saturday
.
We
bought
tickets
to
see
our
favourite
band
at
the
concert
next
Saturday
.
β’
The
school
orchestra
gave
a
lively
concert
in
the
gym
.
The
school
orchestra
gave
a
lively
concert
in
the
gym
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
French
concert
,
from
Italian
concerto
β
harmony
,
concert
β,
from
concertare
β
bring
into
agreement
β.
noun
-
concert
formal
:
agreement
or
harmony
in
action
,
feeling
,
or
effect
between
people
or
things
β’
The
two
detectives
worked
in
concert
to
solve
the
complicated
case
.
The
two
detectives
worked
in
concert
to
solve
the
complicated
case
.
β’
Parents
acted
in
concert
with
teachers
to
improve
the
school
β
s
playground
.
Parents
acted
in
concert
with
teachers
to
improve
the
school
β
s
playground
.
Same
origin
as
musical
sense
,
extended
to
mean
β
bringing
into
harmony
β.
verb
formal
:
to
plan
or
arrange
something
together
with
other
people
β’
The
managers
concerted
a
detailed
schedule
before
the
festival
started
.
The
managers
concerted
a
detailed
schedule
before
the
festival
started
.
β’
We
must
concert
our
efforts
if
we
want
the
charity
run
to
succeed
.
We
must
concert
our
efforts
if
we
want
the
charity
run
to
succeed
.
Early
17th
century
:
from
French
concerter
or
Italian
concertare
β
bring
into
agreement
β.
concentration
noun
the
ability
to
give
all
your
attention
to
one
thought
,
activity
,
or
object
without
being
distracted
β’
The
library
was
so
quiet
that
Anna
β
s
concentration
stayed
strong
for
hours
.
The
library
was
so
quiet
that
Anna
β
s
concentration
stayed
strong
for
hours
.
β’
Playing
chess
requires
intense
concentration
on
every
possible
move
.
Playing
chess
requires
intense
concentration
on
every
possible
move
.
from
Latin
β
concentrare
β
meaning
β
to
bring
to
the
centre
β,
later
used
figuratively
for
mental
focus
noun
the
amount
of
a
substance
present
in
a
mixture
or
solution
compared
with
the
total
amount
of
the
mixture
or
solution
β’
A
high
salt
concentration
makes
seawater
unsafe
to
drink
.
A
high
salt
concentration
makes
seawater
unsafe
to
drink
.
β’
The
scientist
measured
the
glucose
concentration
in
each
blood
sample
.
The
scientist
measured
the
glucose
concentration
in
each
blood
sample
.
extended
scientific
use
from
sense
of
β
bringing
substances
together
β
in
the
19th
century
noun
a
large
number
or
amount
of
people
or
things
gathered
in
one
place
β’
There
is
a
heavy
concentration
of
restaurants
in
the
city
center
.
There
is
a
heavy
concentration
of
restaurants
in
the
city
center
.
β’
The
hurricane
brought
a
dangerous
concentration
of
debris
to
the
shoreline
.
The
hurricane
brought
a
dangerous
concentration
of
debris
to
the
shoreline
.
sense
of
β
gathering
together
β
appeared
in
English
in
the
17th
century
noun
the
act
of
making
a
liquid
or
substance
stronger
by
removing
water
or
other
diluting
material
β’
Fruit
juice
undergoes
concentration
before
it
is
shipped
and
later
diluted
.
Fruit
juice
undergoes
concentration
before
it
is
shipped
and
later
diluted
.
β’
Desalination
plants
use
evaporation
for
the
concentration
of
brine
.
Desalination
plants
use
evaporation
for
the
concentration
of
brine
.
derived
from
earlier
sense
of
β
bringing
together
β
applied
to
liquids
in
the
mid-19th
century
concentrate
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
give
all
your
attention
to
one
subject
or
activity
β’
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
β’
I
can
β
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
I
can
β
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
make
a
liquid
or
substance
thicker
or
stronger
by
removing
water
or
other
elements
β’
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
β’
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
come
together
,
or
cause
people
or
things
to
come
together
,
in
a
particular
place
β’
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
β’
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
noun
a
thick
or
strong
form
of
a
substance
,
especially
food
or
drink
,
made
by
removing
water
β’
Mix
one
part
fruit
concentrate
with
three
parts
water
to
make
juice
.
Mix
one
part
fruit
concentrate
with
three
parts
water
to
make
juice
.
β’
She
bought
tomato
concentrate
to
thicken
the
sauce
.
She
bought
tomato
concentrate
to
thicken
the
sauce
.
noun
the
valuable
material
that
remains
after
unwanted
rock
has
been
removed
from
mined
ore
β’
The
copper
concentrate
was
shipped
overseas
for
smelting
.
The
copper
concentrate
was
shipped
overseas
for
smelting
.
β’
After
processing
,
the
ore
yielded
a
gold
concentrate
ready
for
refining
.
After
processing
,
the
ore
yielded
a
gold
concentrate
ready
for
refining
.
concerning
preposition
about
or
relating
to
someone
or
something
β’
The
principal
spoke
concerning
the
new
school
rules
during
the
assembly
.
The
principal
spoke
concerning
the
new
school
rules
during
the
assembly
.
β’
I
have
a
question
concerning
your
latest
invoice
.
I
have
a
question
concerning
your
latest
invoice
.
Derived
from
the
present
participle
of
the
verb
β
concern
,β
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
,
later
developing
a
separate
use
as
a
preposition
meaning
β
regarding
.β
adjective
causing
worry
or
anxiety
;
making
you
feel
uneasy
β’
The
rise
in
infections
is
concerning
the
doctors
at
the
hospital
.
The
rise
in
infections
is
concerning
the
doctors
at
the
hospital
.
β’
The
child
β
s
sudden
silence
was
concerning
to
her
parents
.
The
child
β
s
sudden
silence
was
concerning
to
her
parents
.
Formed
from
the
participial
adjective
of
the
verb
β
concern
,β
taking
on
the
sense
of
producing
concern
or
worry
in
the
late
19th
century
.