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and
conjunction
used
to
join
words
,
phrases
,
or
clauses
that
add
one
thing
to
another
•
I
bought
bread
and
milk
at
the
store
.
I
bought
bread
and
milk
at
the
store
.
•
She
can
speak
English
and
Spanish
fluently
.
She
can
speak
English
and
Spanish
fluently
.
conjunction
used
to
show
the
next
action
happens
right
after
the
first
•
She
finished
her
homework
and
went
to
bed
.
She
finished
her
homework
and
went
to
bed
.
•
Take
the
ticket
and
wait
for
your
number
to
be
called
.
Take
the
ticket
and
wait
for
your
number
to
be
called
.
conjunction
used
to
show
that
the
second
action
is
the
direct
result
of
the
first
•
Work
hard
and
you
will
reach
your
goals
.
Work
hard
and
you
will
reach
your
goals
.
•
Hurry
and
you'll
catch
the
bus
.
Hurry
and
you'll
catch
the
bus
.
and/or
conjunction
used
between
two
or
more
possibilities
to
show
that
any
one
or
more
of
them
may
be
chosen
or
may
happen
•
Please
indicate
whether
you
would
like
coffee
and/or
tea
.
Please
indicate
whether
you
would
like
coffee
and/or
tea
.
•
The
policy
applies
to
students
and/or
staff
who
are
on
campus
after
hours
.
The
policy
applies
to
students
and/or
staff
who
are
on
campus
after
hours
.
formed
in
the
early
19th
century
by
combining
the
conjunctions
“
and
”
and
“
or
”
with
a
slash
to
indicate
that
either
or
both
options
may
apply
android
noun
a
robot
made
to
look
and
act
like
a
human
being
•
In
the
futuristic
theme
park
,
a
silver
android
greeted
visitors
with
a
polite
bow
.
In
the
futuristic
theme
park
,
a
silver
android
greeted
visitors
with
a
polite
bow
.
•
The
scientist
programmed
the
android
to
recognize
different
emotions
just
by
facial
expressions
.
The
scientist
programmed
the
android
to
recognize
different
emotions
just
by
facial
expressions
.
Mid-18th
century
:
from
Greek
anēr
,
andr-
‘
man
’
+
‑oid
‘
resembling
’.
adjective
resembling
or
characteristic
of
a
human
being
•
The
statue
had
an
eerie
,
android
face
that
seemed
almost
alive
.
The
statue
had
an
eerie
,
android
face
that
seemed
almost
alive
.
•
The
dancer
’
s
precise
,
mechanical
moves
gave
her
an
android
grace
.
The
dancer
’
s
precise
,
mechanical
moves
gave
her
an
android
grace
.
See
noun
sense
1
.
hand
noun
the
part
at
the
end
of
your
arm
that
has
a
palm
,
fingers
,
and
a
thumb
,
used
for
holding
,
touching
,
and
feeling
things
•
Mia
raised
her
hand
to
answer
the
question
.
Mia
raised
her
hand
to
answer
the
question
.
•
The
kitten
gently
licked
Jake's
open
hand
.
The
kitten
gently
licked
Jake's
open
hand
.
Old
English
“
hand
”
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
Dutch
“
hand
”
and
German
“
Hand
”.
noun
help
or
assistance
,
especially
when
someone
physically
helps
you
do
something
•
Could
you
give
me
a
hand
with
this
heavy
box
?
Could
you
give
me
a
hand
with
this
heavy
box
?
•
The
neighbors
offered
a
hand
after
the
storm
damaged
our
roof
.
The
neighbors
offered
a
hand
after
the
storm
damaged
our
roof
.
noun
one
of
the
long
thin
pointers
that
move
around
the
face
of
a
clock
to
show
the
time
•
The
minute
hand
was
almost
at
twelve
when
the
bell
rang
.
The
minute
hand
was
almost
at
twelve
when
the
bell
rang
.
•
Remember
to
move
the
hour
hand
back
one
hour
in
autumn
.
Remember
to
move
the
hour
hand
back
one
hour
in
autumn
.
verb
-
hand
,
handing
,
hands
,
handed
to
give
or
pass
something
to
someone
by
putting
it
into
their
hand
•
Please
hand
me
the
salt
.
Please
hand
me
the
salt
.
•
She
handed
the
baby
his
bottle
.
She
handed
the
baby
his
bottle
.
noun
a
person
who
does
physical
work
,
especially
on
a
farm
,
ship
,
or
in
a
factory
•
The
ranch
hired
another
hand
to
help
during
calving
season
.
The
ranch
hired
another
hand
to
help
during
calving
season
.
•
As
a
deck
hand
,
Tom
learned
dozens
of
knots
.
As
a
deck
hand
,
Tom
learned
dozens
of
knots
.
noun
all
the
cards
a
player
receives
in
one
deal
of
a
card
game
•
Lucas
looked
at
his
hand
and
smiled
—
he
had
three
aces
.
Lucas
looked
at
his
hand
and
smiled
—
he
had
three
aces
.
•
After
the
deal
,
she
studied
her
hand
carefully
before
betting
.
After
the
deal
,
she
studied
her
hand
carefully
before
betting
.
noun
a
person
’
s
style
of
writing
by
hand
•
The
teacher
praised
Emma's
neat
hand
.
The
teacher
praised
Emma's
neat
hand
.
•
I
struggled
to
read
the
doctor's
hurried
hand
.
I
struggled
to
read
the
doctor's
hurried
hand
.
understand
verb
-
understand
,
understanding
,
understands
,
understood
to
know
what
something
means
or
what
someone
is
saying
•
Do
you
understand
the
instructions
on
the
packet
?
Do
you
understand
the
instructions
on
the
packet
?
•
Lena
can
understand
French
,
but
she
feels
shy
about
speaking
it
.
Lena
can
understand
French
,
but
she
feels
shy
about
speaking
it
.
verb
-
understand
,
understanding
,
understands
,
understood
to
know
how
someone
feels
and
show
sympathy
•
I
understand
how
nervous
you
feel
before
the
test
.
I
understand
how
nervous
you
feel
before
the
test
.
•
Good
friends
understand
each
other
in
hard
times
.
Good
friends
understand
each
other
in
hard
times
.
verb
-
understand
,
understanding
,
understands
,
understood
to
think
or
believe
something
is
true
because
of
what
you
have
been
told
or
have
read
•
I
understand
that
the
meeting
has
been
moved
to
Friday
.
I
understand
that
the
meeting
has
been
moved
to
Friday
.
•
From
what
I
understand
,
the
movie
was
filmed
in
Spain
.
From
what
I
understand
,
the
movie
was
filmed
in
Spain
.
stand
verb
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
to
be
on
your
feet
with
your
body
upright
,
not
sitting
or
lying
down
•
Security
guards
often
have
to
stand
for
hours
during
their
shifts
.
Security
guards
often
have
to
stand
for
hours
during
their
shifts
.
•
The
children
were
told
to
stand
quietly
in
a
neat
line
before
the
museum
doors
opened
.
The
children
were
told
to
stand
quietly
in
a
neat
line
before
the
museum
doors
opened
.
Old
English
‘
standan
’,
from
Proto-Germanic
‘
standaną
’,
meaning
‘
to
stand
’.
verb
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
to
rise
to
your
feet
from
a
sitting
or
lying
position
•
Please
stand
when
the
judge
enters
the
courtroom
.
Please
stand
when
the
judge
enters
the
courtroom
.
•
After
tying
his
shoes
,
he
stood
and
grabbed
his
backpack
.
After
tying
his
shoes
,
he
stood
and
grabbed
his
backpack
.
noun
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
a
small
stall
,
booth
,
or
table
where
goods
are
sold
or
displayed
•
We
bought
fresh
lemonade
from
a
street
stand
by
the
beach
.
We
bought
fresh
lemonade
from
a
street
stand
by
the
beach
.
•
The
farmer
set
up
a
vegetable
stand
at
the
Saturday
market
.
The
farmer
set
up
a
vegetable
stand
at
the
Saturday
market
.
verb
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
to
tolerate
or
accept
something
unpleasant
•
I
can't
stand
the
smell
of
burnt
popcorn
.
I
can't
stand
the
smell
of
burnt
popcorn
.
•
He
couldn't
stand
the
loud
music
and
left
the
club
early
.
He
couldn't
stand
the
loud
music
and
left
the
club
early
.
noun
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
an
upright
support
or
frame
designed
to
hold
something
,
such
as
a
lamp
or
a
microphone
•
Place
the
guitar
back
on
its
stand
after
you
finish
playing
.
Place
the
guitar
back
on
its
stand
after
you
finish
playing
.
•
The
presenter
adjusted
the
microphone
stand
before
speaking
.
The
presenter
adjusted
the
microphone
stand
before
speaking
.
verb
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
to
remain
valid
,
unchanged
,
or
in
effect
•
Our
offer
still
stands
if
you
change
your
mind
.
Our
offer
still
stands
if
you
change
your
mind
.
•
The
decision
will
stand
unless
new
evidence
appears
.
The
decision
will
stand
unless
new
evidence
appears
.
husband
noun
a
married
man
,
especially
in
relation
to
his
wife
or
spouse
•
Maria
kissed
her
husband
goodbye
at
the
busy
train
station
.
Maria
kissed
her
husband
goodbye
at
the
busy
train
station
.
•
During
the
party
,
the
proud
husband
showed
everyone
photos
of
his
newborn
baby
.
During
the
party
,
the
proud
husband
showed
everyone
photos
of
his
newborn
baby
.
Old
English
‘
hūsbonda
’ (
male
head
of
a
household
),
from
Old
Norse
‘
húsbóndi
’ (“
master
of
a
house
”).
verb
to
use
or
manage
something
carefully
so
that
it
lasts
a
long
time
•
In
winter
,
the
villagers
husband
their
firewood
to
make
it
last
until
spring
.
In
winter
,
the
villagers
husband
their
firewood
to
make
it
last
until
spring
.
•
The
athlete
husbanded
her
strength
for
the
final
sprint
.
The
athlete
husbanded
her
strength
for
the
final
sprint
.
From
the
noun
sense
‘
husband
’,
with
the
idea
of
a
head
of
household
managing
property
carefully
.
candidate
noun
a
person
who
is
trying
to
get
a
job
,
win
an
election
,
or
be
chosen
for
a
position
•
Maria
decided
to
run
as
a
candidate
for
class
president
.
Maria
decided
to
run
as
a
candidate
for
class
president
.
•
The
company
interviewed
five
strong
candidates
before
making
an
offer
.
The
company
interviewed
five
strong
candidates
before
making
an
offer
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
candidatus
‘
clothed
in
white
’,
based
on
candidus
‘
white
’.
In
ancient
Rome
,
people
seeking
public
office
wore
a
white
toga
.
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
could
be
chosen
for
a
particular
purpose
or
that
is
likely
to
experience
something
•
This
distant
exoplanet
is
a
promising
candidate
for
supporting
life
.
This
distant
exoplanet
is
a
promising
candidate
for
supporting
life
.
•
Because
of
his
symptoms
,
he
is
a
likely
candidate
for
the
new
clinical
trial
.
Because
of
his
symptoms
,
he
is
a
likely
candidate
for
the
new
clinical
trial
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
candidatus
‘
clothed
in
white
’,
based
on
candidus
‘
white
’.
island
noun
a
piece
of
land
completely
surrounded
by
water
•
During
the
summer
,
tourists
flock
to
the
small
island
to
enjoy
its
beaches
.
During
the
summer
,
tourists
flock
to
the
small
island
to
enjoy
its
beaches
.
•
From
the
airplane
window
,
the
pilot
pointed
out
a
heart-shaped
island
in
the
glimmering
sea
below
.
From
the
airplane
window
,
the
pilot
pointed
out
a
heart-shaped
island
in
the
glimmering
sea
below
.
From
Old
English
ī
(
e
)
gland
,
literally
“
isle
land
,”
meaning
land
lying
as
an
island
.
noun
a
freestanding
counter
or
work
surface
in
the
middle
of
a
kitchen
•
She
chopped
vegetables
on
the
marble
island
while
her
kids
did
homework
.
She
chopped
vegetables
on
the
marble
island
while
her
kids
did
homework
.
•
The
builder
suggested
adding
a
wooden
island
with
bar
stools
to
gain
extra
seating
.
The
builder
suggested
adding
a
wooden
island
with
bar
stools
to
gain
extra
seating
.
noun
a
small
raised
area
in
the
middle
of
a
road
that
separates
lanes
of
traffic
or
provides
a
safe
place
for
pedestrians
•
The
pedestrian
waited
on
the
traffic
island
before
crossing
the
next
lane
.
The
pedestrian
waited
on
the
traffic
island
before
crossing
the
next
lane
.
•
Flowers
planted
on
the
central
island
brightened
the
otherwise
gray
intersection
.
Flowers
planted
on
the
central
island
brightened
the
otherwise
gray
intersection
.
noun
something
or
someone
that
is
alone
or
separated
from
others
of
the
same
kind
,
used
figuratively
•
Surrounded
by
hostile
critics
,
the
writer
felt
like
an
island
of
optimism
.
Surrounded
by
hostile
critics
,
the
writer
felt
like
an
island
of
optimism
.
•
Her
remote
cabin
was
an
island
of
silence
in
the
noisy
world
.
Her
remote
cabin
was
an
island
of
silence
in
the
noisy
world
.
verb
to
cause
something
or
someone
to
become
isolated
or
detached
from
others
•
Engineers
built
levees
to
island
the
research
facility
from
potential
floods
.
Engineers
built
levees
to
island
the
research
facility
from
potential
floods
.
•
The
new
policy
may
island
rural
communities
from
essential
services
.
The
new
policy
may
island
rural
communities
from
essential
services
.
understanding
noun
knowledge
or
clear
insight
about
how
something
works
or
what
something
means
•
Maria
showed
a
deep
understanding
of
the
math
problem
during
class
.
Maria
showed
a
deep
understanding
of
the
math
problem
during
class
.
•
Reading
books
about
other
cultures
can
widen
our
understanding
of
the
world
.
Reading
books
about
other
cultures
can
widen
our
understanding
of
the
world
.
From
the
verb
"
understand
"
+
the
suffix
"
-ing
",
first
recorded
in
Old
English
as
a
noun
meaning
"
comprehension
".
noun
an
informal
agreement
or
arrangement
between
people
or
groups
•
We
have
an
understanding
that
I
will
water
her
plants
while
she
is
away
.
We
have
an
understanding
that
I
will
water
her
plants
while
she
is
away
.
•
The
two
companies
reached
an
understanding
to
share
technology
.
The
two
companies
reached
an
understanding
to
share
technology
.
Developed
from
the
broader
sense
of
"
comprehension
"
to
mean
"
agreement
"
in
the
late
17th
century
,
emphasizing
shared
knowledge
between
parties
.
adjective
sympathetic
and
willing
to
forgive
or
consider
someone
’
s
feelings
•
The
understanding
teacher
gave
the
student
extra
time
to
finish
the
test
.
The
understanding
teacher
gave
the
student
extra
time
to
finish
the
test
.
•
Her
friends
were
very
understanding
when
she
had
to
cancel
the
trip
.
Her
friends
were
very
understanding
when
she
had
to
cancel
the
trip
.
Adjective
use
recorded
from
the
early
1600s
,
shifting
from
the
participial
sense
of
"
one
who
understands
"
to
a
quality
of
empathy
.
band
noun
a
group
of
people
who
play
music
together
•
A
live
band
played
joyful
songs
at
the
wedding
reception
.
A
live
band
played
joyful
songs
at
the
wedding
reception
.
•
My
brother
formed
a
rock
band
with
his
friends
in
our
garage
.
My
brother
formed
a
rock
band
with
his
friends
in
our
garage
.
Old
Norse
"
band
"
meaning
bond
or
tie
;
later
applied
to
groups
of
musicians
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
a
thin
loop
or
strip
of
rubber
,
metal
,
or
cloth
used
to
hold
things
together
or
around
something
•
She
tied
her
hair
back
with
a
red
band
.
She
tied
her
hair
back
with
a
red
band
.
•
Use
a
rubber
band
to
keep
these
pencils
together
.
Use
a
rubber
band
to
keep
these
pencils
together
.
Old
English
"
bend
"
meaning
something
that
binds
;
later
spelled
as
"
band
".
noun
a
small
group
of
people
who
come
together
for
a
shared
activity
or
purpose
•
A
band
of
volunteers
picked
up
litter
along
the
river
.
A
band
of
volunteers
picked
up
litter
along
the
river
.
•
The
novel
tells
the
story
of
a
band
of
knights
on
a
dangerous
quest
.
The
novel
tells
the
story
of
a
band
of
knights
on
a
dangerous
quest
.
From
Old
Norse
"
band
"
meaning
bond
;
sense
extended
to
people
tied
together
by
purpose
in
Middle
English
.
noun
a
narrow
strip
of
colour
,
light
,
or
material
that
is
different
from
what
is
around
it
•
A
bright
yellow
band
ran
across
the
middle
of
the
painting
.
A
bright
yellow
band
ran
across
the
middle
of
the
painting
.
•
The
bird
has
a
black
band
around
its
neck
.
The
bird
has
a
black
band
around
its
neck
.
From
Old
Norse
"
band
"
meaning
strip
or
ribbon
;
color
sense
appeared
in
17th
century
.
verb
to
join
together
as
a
group
for
a
common
purpose
•
Neighbors
decided
to
band
together
to
plant
trees
along
the
street
.
Neighbors
decided
to
band
together
to
plant
trees
along
the
street
.
•
Small
companies
banded
to
lobby
for
better
internet
service
.
Small
companies
banded
to
lobby
for
better
internet
service
.
From
Old
Norse
"
band
"
meaning
bond
;
verb
use
recorded
from
15th
century
.
noun
a
range
of
numbers
,
such
as
radio
frequencies
,
prices
,
or
wavelengths
,
between
two
limits
•
This
router
operates
on
the
5-gigahertz
band
.
This
router
operates
on
the
5-gigahertz
band
.
•
Prices
fall
into
three
tax
bands
based
on
income
.
Prices
fall
into
three
tax
bands
based
on
income
.
Technical
extension
of
earlier
"
band
"
to
mean
measurable
strip
;
radio
sense
appeared
in
early
20th
century
.
handle
noun
the
part
of
an
object
that
is
made
for
your
hand
to
hold
,
pull
,
or
turn
•
Mia
pulled
the
handle
and
the
old
wooden
door
creaked
open
.
Mia
pulled
the
handle
and
the
old
wooden
door
creaked
open
.
•
The
suitcase
has
a
broken
handle
,
so
carry
it
from
the
bottom
.
The
suitcase
has
a
broken
handle
,
so
carry
it
from
the
bottom
.
verb
-
handle
,
handling
,
handles
,
handled
to
deal
with
or
take
care
of
something
or
someone
successfully
•
As
team
leader
,
Priya
must
handle
all
customer
complaints
politely
.
As
team
leader
,
Priya
must
handle
all
customer
complaints
politely
.
•
Can
you
handle
the
cooking
while
I
set
the
table
?
Can
you
handle
the
cooking
while
I
set
the
table
?
verb
-
handle
,
handling
,
handles
,
handled
to
touch
,
lift
,
or
move
something
with
your
hands
•
Please
wash
your
hands
before
you
handle
the
newborn
kittens
.
Please
wash
your
hands
before
you
handle
the
newborn
kittens
.
•
Employees
must
wear
gloves
to
handle
chemicals
in
the
lab
.
Employees
must
wear
gloves
to
handle
chemicals
in
the
lab
.
noun
knowledge
or
control
of
something
so
that
you
can
use
or
manage
it
•
After
a
week
,
Maya
finally
got a handle on
the
new
accounting
software
.
After
a
week
,
Maya
finally
got a handle on
the
new
accounting
software
.
•
The
tutorial
gave
me
a
better
handle
on
basic
coding
.
The
tutorial
gave
me
a
better
handle
on
basic
coding
.
noun
a
name
you
choose
to
identify
yourself
on
social
media
,
forums
,
or
online
games
•
"
What
’
s
your
Instagram
handle
?"
asked
the
teenager
.
"
What
’
s
your
Instagram
handle
?"
asked
the
teenager
.
•
He
changed
his
Twitter
handle
after
starting
a
new
business
.
He
changed
his
Twitter
handle
after
starting
a
new
business
.
noun
a
large
bottle
of
liquor
that
holds
about
1
.
75
liters
•
Jake
bought
a
handle
of
vodka
for
the
party
.
Jake
bought
a
handle
of
vodka
for
the
party
.
•
The
store
keeps
the
handles
of
whiskey
behind
the
counter
.
The
store
keeps
the
handles
of
whiskey
behind
the
counter
.
thousand
adjective
being
the
number
1
000
.
•
We
planted
a
thousand
trees
in
the
park
last
weekend
.
We
planted
a
thousand
trees
in
the
park
last
weekend
.
•
The
museum
is
over
a
thousand
years
old
.
The
museum
is
over
a
thousand
years
old
.
noun
the
figure
or
amount
that
equals
1
000
.
•
Add
one
more
zero
to
turn
one
hundred
into
one
thousand
.
Add
one
more
zero
to
turn
one
hundred
into
one
thousand
.
•
The
teacher
wrote
the
word
thousand
next
to
1
,
000
on
the
board
.
The
teacher
wrote
the
word
thousand
next
to
1
,
000
on
the
board
.
noun
a
very
large
number
of
people
or
things
,
often
much
more
than
1
000
,
especially
expressed
as
“
thousands
of
…
”.
•
Thousands
of
birds
filled
the
evening
sky
.
Thousands
of
birds
filled
the
evening
sky
.
•
The
video
received
thousands
of
views
overnight
.
The
video
received
thousands
of
views
overnight
.
demand
noun
a
firm
request
or
order
for
something
that
you
believe
you
should
receive
•
The
workers
issued
a
demand
for
higher
wages
during
the
meeting
.
The
workers
issued
a
demand
for
higher
wages
during
the
meeting
.
•
Her
sudden
demand
for
silence
surprised
everyone
in
the
classroom
.
Her
sudden
demand
for
silence
surprised
everyone
in
the
classroom
.
From
Old
French
demander
“
to
ask
,
request
,”
from
Latin
dēmandāre
“
to
hand
over
,
entrust
”.
verb
to
ask
for
something
firmly
and
insistently
•
Customers
demand
a
refund
when
the
product
arrives
broken
.
Customers
demand
a
refund
when
the
product
arrives
broken
.
•
The
teacher
demands
respect
from
her
students
.
The
teacher
demands
respect
from
her
students
.
verb
to
need
or
require
something
because
it
is
necessary
•
The
recipe
demands
fresh
ingredients
for
the
best
flavor
.
The
recipe
demands
fresh
ingredients
for
the
best
flavor
.
•
Being
a
firefighter
demands
courage
and
stamina
.
Being
a
firefighter
demands
courage
and
stamina
.
noun
-
demand
the
desire
and
ability
of
people
to
buy
a
product
or
service
•
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
this
year
.
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
this
year
.
•
When
prices
rise
,
demand
usually
falls
.
When
prices
rise
,
demand
usually
falls
.
demands
noun
things
that
take
a
lot
of
effort
,
attention
,
or
time
•
The
demands
of
parenting
can
be
exhausting
.
The
demands
of
parenting
can
be
exhausting
.
•
College
life
places
heavy
demands
on
students'
time
.
College
life
places
heavy
demands
on
students'
time
.
grand
adjective
-
grand
,
grander
,
grandest
(
informal
,
chiefly
Irish
&
British
)
very
good
;
excellent
•
“
How
are
you
?” “
I
’
m
grand
,
thanks
for
asking
!”
“
How
are
you
?” “
I
’
m
grand
,
thanks
for
asking
!”
•
The
kids
were
grand
playing
in
the
garden
all
afternoon
.
The
kids
were
grand
playing
in
the
garden
all
afternoon
.
adjective
-
grand
,
grander
,
grandest
large
and
impressive
in
appearance
,
size
,
or
style
•
The
hotel
lobby
had
a
grand
marble
staircase
that
took
everyone
’
s
breath
away
.
The
hotel
lobby
had
a
grand
marble
staircase
that
took
everyone
’
s
breath
away
.
•
They
held
the
wedding
in
a
grand
ballroom
filled
with
chandeliers
and
fresh
flowers
.
They
held
the
wedding
in
a
grand
ballroom
filled
with
chandeliers
and
fresh
flowers
.
From
Old
French
grand
,
grant
“
large
,
tall
,”
from
Latin
grandis
“
big
,
great
.”
adjective
-
grand
,
grander
,
grandest
important
,
ambitious
,
or
intended
on
a
large
scale
•
The
scientist
outlined
a
grand
vision
for
ending
world
hunger
.
The
scientist
outlined
a
grand
vision
for
ending
world
hunger
.
•
Her
grand
idea
was
to
build
a
school
in
every
remote
village
.
Her
grand
idea
was
to
build
a
school
in
every
remote
village
.
noun
-
grand
(
slang
)
a
thousand
dollars
,
pounds
,
or
other
units
of
currency
•
He
bought
the
used
car
for
five
grand
.
He
bought
the
used
car
for
five
grand
.
•
The
prize
money
was
ten
grand
for
the
first-place
winner
.
The
prize
money
was
ten
grand
for
the
first-place
winner
.
Originated
in
1910s
American
slang
,
possibly
from
the
notion
of
a
“
grand
”
sum
being
large
and
impressive
.
expand
verb
to
become
larger
or
to
make
something
become
larger
in
size
or
volume
•
The
metal
pipes
will
expand
when
hot
water
flows
through
them
.
The
metal
pipes
will
expand
when
hot
water
flows
through
them
.
•
As
the
balloon
filled
with
air
,
it
expanded
until
it
was
as
big
as
a
beach
ball
.
As
the
balloon
filled
with
air
,
it
expanded
until
it
was
as
big
as
a
beach
ball
.
verb
to
increase
or
make
something
increase
in
number
,
range
,
or
importance
•
The
company
plans
to
expand
its
stores
into
six
new
countries
next
year
.
The
company
plans
to
expand
its
stores
into
six
new
countries
next
year
.
•
Our
club
has
expanded
from
ten
members
to
more
than
fifty
this
semester
.
Our
club
has
expanded
from
ten
members
to
more
than
fifty
this
semester
.
verb
to
add
more
detail
when
speaking
or
writing
about
something
•
Could
you
expand
on
your
idea
so
everyone
understands
it
?
Could
you
expand
on
your
idea
so
everyone
understands
it
?
•
During
the
interview
,
she
expanded
on
her
experience
managing
large
teams
.
During
the
interview
,
she
expanded
on
her
experience
managing
large
teams
.
standard
adjective
normal
,
usual
,
and
not
special
or
extra
•
A
standard
ticket
will
get
you
a
seat
in
the
middle
row
.
A
standard
ticket
will
get
you
a
seat
in
the
middle
row
.
•
My
phone
came
with
a
standard
charger
.
My
phone
came
with
a
standard
charger
.
noun
a
level
of
quality
or
achievement
that
people
generally
accept
as
good
or
satisfactory
•
The
restaurant
maintained
high
standards
of
cleanliness
.
The
restaurant
maintained
high
standards
of
cleanliness
.
•
By
her
standard
,
the
painting
was
perfect
.
By
her
standard
,
the
painting
was
perfect
.
From
Old
French
estandart
,
originally
meaning
a
rallying
flag
,
later
figuratively
"
something
that
stands
to
be
compared
."
noun
an
officially
agreed
rule
,
specification
,
or
set
of
technical
requirements
that
must
be
followed
•
All
helmets
must
meet
safety
standards
.
All
helmets
must
meet
safety
standards
.
•
The
ISO
standard
for
paper
size
is
called
A4
.
The
ISO
standard
for
paper
size
is
called
A4
.
adjective
accepted
by
most
people
as
the
correct
or
official
form
,
especially
of
language
,
measurement
,
or
time
•
He
speaks
Standard
English
at
work
.
He
speaks
Standard
English
at
work
.
•
Greenwich
is
the
base
for
standard
time
zones
.
Greenwich
is
the
base
for
standard
time
zones
.
noun
a
flag
or
banner
carried
by
a
group
,
especially
a
military
unit
,
as
its
symbol
•
Soldiers
marched
under
the
king's
standard
.
Soldiers
marched
under
the
king's
standard
.
•
The
horse
carried
the
regiment's
standard
in
the
parade
.
The
horse
carried
the
regiment's
standard
in
the
parade
.
land
noun
the
solid
part
of
the
earth
’
s
surface
that
is
not
covered
by
water
•
After
three
days
at
sea
,
the
passengers
cheered
when
they
finally
saw
land
ahead
.
After
three
days
at
sea
,
the
passengers
cheered
when
they
finally
saw
land
ahead
.
•
Many
animals
move
easily
on
land
but
struggle
in
deep
water
.
Many
animals
move
easily
on
land
but
struggle
in
deep
water
.
Old
English
“
land
”
meaning
ground
,
soil
,
country
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*landą
.
noun
an
area
of
ground
owned
,
used
,
or
controlled
by
a
person
,
family
,
or
organization
•
Her
family
has
farmed
this
land
for
generations
.
Her
family
has
farmed
this
land
for
generations
.
•
The
city
bought
the
vacant
land
to
build
a
new
park
.
The
city
bought
the
vacant
land
to
build
a
new
park
.
verb
-
land
,
landing
,
lands
,
landed
to
come
down
through
the
air
and
touch
the
ground
or
another
surface
•
The
airplane
landed
smoothly
despite
the
strong
wind
.
The
airplane
landed
smoothly
despite
the
strong
wind
.
•
Watch
your
step
when
you
land
after
a
jump
.
Watch
your
step
when
you
land
after
a
jump
.
noun
a
country
or
nation
,
especially
in
a
poetic
or
emotional
way
•
She
dreamed
of
exploring
distant
lands
beyond
the
ocean
.
She
dreamed
of
exploring
distant
lands
beyond
the
ocean
.
•
Stories
from
the
land
of
ancient
Egypt
fascinated
the
class
.
Stories
from
the
land
of
ancient
Egypt
fascinated
the
class
.
verb
-
land
,
landing
,
lands
,
landed
to
bring
someone
or
something
down
to
the
ground
or
onto
a
surface
,
especially
from
the
air
or
water
•
The
pilot
landed
the
helicopter
in
a
small
clearing
.
The
pilot
landed
the
helicopter
in
a
small
clearing
.
•
Fishermen
landed
the
boat
safely
on
the
rocky
shore
.
Fishermen
landed
the
boat
safely
on
the
rocky
shore
.
verb
-
land
,
landing
,
lands
,
landed
to
succeed
in
getting
something
desirable
,
such
as
a
job
,
contract
,
or
prize
•
She
landed
a
great
job
at
an
international
firm
.
She
landed
a
great
job
at
an
international
firm
.
•
The
company
hopes
to
land
a
big
contract
with
the
government
.
The
company
hopes
to
land
a
big
contract
with
the
government
.
verb
-
land
,
landing
,
lands
,
landed
to
hit
or
deliver
something
successfully
,
especially
a
punch
or
kick
•
The
boxer
landed
a
powerful
left
hook
.
The
boxer
landed
a
powerful
left
hook
.
•
She
managed
to
land
a
precise
kick
to
her
opponent
’
s
chest
.
She
managed
to
land
a
precise
kick
to
her
opponent
’
s
chest
.
noun
the
people
of
a
country
considered
as
a
community
•
The
whole
land
celebrated
the
victory
.
The
whole
land
celebrated
the
victory
.
•
News
of
the
king
’
s
return
spread
quickly
across
the
land
.
News
of
the
king
’
s
return
spread
quickly
across
the
land
.
brand
noun
a
name
,
design
,
or
symbol
that
identifies
a
product
or
company
and
makes
it
different
from
others
•
Everyone
recognizes
the
Coca-Cola
brand
by
its
red
label
.
Everyone
recognizes
the
Coca-Cola
brand
by
its
red
label
.
•
The
company
is
investing
heavily
to
make
its
brand
more
appealing
to
teenagers
.
The
company
is
investing
heavily
to
make
its
brand
more
appealing
to
teenagers
.
From
Old
English
‘
brand
’
meaning
‘
torch
’
or
‘
burning
piece
of
wood
’,
later
extended
to
‘
mark
made
by
burning
’
and
then
to
‘
trademark
’.
noun
a
mark
burned
into
the
skin
of
an
animal
or
person
to
show
ownership
,
identity
,
or
punishment
•
Each
ranch
has
its
own
unique
brand
to
identify
its
cattle
.
Each
ranch
has
its
own
unique
brand
to
identify
its
cattle
.
•
The
old
cowboy
showed
the
faded
brand
on
the
steer
’
s
flank
.
The
old
cowboy
showed
the
faded
brand
on
the
steer
’
s
flank
.
Sense
extended
from
the
action
of
burning
with
a
‘
brand
’ (
torch
)
to
the
resulting
mark
.
noun
a
particular
kind
,
style
,
or
variety
of
something
•
She
has
her
own
brand
of
humor
that
not
everyone
understands
.
She
has
her
own
brand
of
humor
that
not
everyone
understands
.
•
The
coach
encourages
a
fast
brand
of
basketball
.
The
coach
encourages
a
fast
brand
of
basketball
.
Figurative
extension
of
‘
brand
’
from
a
distinctive
mark
to
a
distinctive
kind
.
verb
to
create
or
promote
a
distinctive
name
,
image
,
or
identity
for
a
product
,
company
,
or
person
•
The
agency
will
brand
the
new
smartphone
as
eco-friendly
.
The
agency
will
brand
the
new
smartphone
as
eco-friendly
.
•
They
branded
the
festival
with
bold
colors
and
a
playful
font
.
They
branded
the
festival
with
bold
colors
and
a
playful
font
.
From
the
noun
sense
‘
brand
’
meaning
a
distinctive
mark
,
extended
to
the
act
of
creating
such
an
identity
in
marketing
.
verb
to
mark
an
animal
,
object
,
or
person
by
burning
a
design
into
the
skin
•
The
ranchers
brand
their
calves
in
spring
.
The
ranchers
brand
their
calves
in
spring
.
•
Centuries
ago
,
criminals
were
branded
on
the
hand
.
Centuries
ago
,
criminals
were
branded
on
the
hand
.
Old
practice
of
burning
ownership
marks
with
a
‘
brand
’ (
torch
)
on
livestock
and
criminals
.
landscape
noun
the
view
of
the
land
in
an
area
,
especially
when
you
can
see
a
lot
of
it
at
once
•
The
hikers
paused
to
admire
the
sweeping
landscape
below
them
.
The
hikers
paused
to
admire
the
sweeping
landscape
below
them
.
•
In
autumn
,
the
mountain
landscape
glows
with
red
and
gold
leaves
.
In
autumn
,
the
mountain
landscape
glows
with
red
and
gold
leaves
.
From
Dutch
landschap
(“
region
,
tract
of
land
”),
later
used
for
paintings
of
such
scenes
in
the
17th
century
;
adopted
into
English
to
mean
both
the
artwork
and
the
scenery
itself
.
noun
a
painting
,
photograph
,
or
other
artwork
that
shows
natural
scenery
•
She
painted
a
beautiful
landscape
of
rolling
hills
at
sunset
.
She
painted
a
beautiful
landscape
of
rolling
hills
at
sunset
.
•
The
gallery
is
showing
an
exhibition
of
Victorian
landscapes
.
The
gallery
is
showing
an
exhibition
of
Victorian
landscapes
.
noun
the
overall
situation
,
structure
,
or
environment
of
a
particular
field
or
activity
•
Social
media
has
dramatically
changed
the
business
landscape
.
Social
media
has
dramatically
changed
the
business
landscape
.
•
After
the
election
,
the
political
landscape
looked
very
different
.
After
the
election
,
the
political
landscape
looked
very
different
.
verb
-
landscape
,
landscaping
,
landscapes
,
landscaped
to
design
and
arrange
the
plants
,
paths
,
and
other
features
of
a
piece
of
land
to
make
it
look
attractive
•
They
hired
a
designer
to
landscape
their
backyard
with
native
plants
.
They
hired
a
designer
to
landscape
their
backyard
with
native
plants
.
•
We
spent
the
weekend
landscaping
around
the
new
patio
.
We
spent
the
weekend
landscaping
around
the
new
patio
.
command
noun
an
order
telling
someone
to
do
something
immediately
•
The
sergeant
gave
a
loud
command
for
the
soldiers
to
march
.
The
sergeant
gave
a
loud
command
for
the
soldiers
to
march
.
•
At
the
busy
intersection
,
a
female
police
officer
raised
her
hand
and
issued
a
command
for
all
cars
to
stop
.
At
the
busy
intersection
,
a
female
police
officer
raised
her
hand
and
issued
a
command
for
all
cars
to
stop
.
From
Old
French
‘
commander
’,
from
Latin
‘
commandare
’
meaning
‘
to
entrust
’
or
‘
to
order
’.
verb
to
give
an
order
to
someone
•
The
general
commanded
the
troops
to
advance
across
the
field
.
The
general
commanded
the
troops
to
advance
across
the
field
.
•
During
the
fire
drill
,
the
teacher
commanded
the
students
to
line
up
quietly
.
During
the
fire
drill
,
the
teacher
commanded
the
students
to
line
up
quietly
.
From
Middle
English
‘
commaunden
’,
from
Old
French
‘
commander
’,
from
Latin
‘
commandare
’.
noun
-
command
the
power
or
authority
to
control
people
or
things
•
After
many
years
of
service
,
she
finally
took
command
of
the
entire
company
.
After
many
years
of
service
,
she
finally
took
command
of
the
entire
company
.
•
The
ship
was
under
his
command
for
the
duration
of
the
voyage
.
The
ship
was
under
his
command
for
the
duration
of
the
voyage
.
Same
Latin
root
‘
commandare
’;
military
use
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
word
,
phrase
,
or
symbol
typed
or
spoken
to
make
a
computer
perform
a
specific
action
•
Type
the
‘
mkdir
’
command
to
create
a
new
folder
.
Type
the
‘
mkdir
’
command
to
create
a
new
folder
.
•
Voice
assistants
recognize
the
command
‘
play music
’
instantly
.
Voice
assistants
recognize
the
command
‘
play music
’
instantly
.
Adapted
from
the
general
sense
of
‘
command
’
in
the
1950s
during
early
computer
development
.
commander
noun
a
person
who
leads
and
gives
orders
to
a
group
,
organization
,
or
operation
,
especially
in
the
armed
forces
•
The
commander
gave
the
order
to
move
forward
.
The
commander
gave
the
order
to
move
forward
.
•
After
years
of
service
,
she
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
base
.
After
years
of
service
,
she
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
base
.
From
command
+
-er
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
referring
to
someone
vested
with
authority
.
noun
an
officer
rank
in
some
navies
and
air
forces
,
above
lieutenant
commander
and
below
captain
•
Lieutenant
Commander
Jones
will
become
a
full
Commander
next
month
.
Lieutenant
Commander
Jones
will
become
a
full
Commander
next
month
.
•
A
commander
in
the
Royal
Navy
typically
leads
a
frigate-sized
ship
.
A
commander
in
the
Royal
Navy
typically
leads
a
frigate-sized
ship
.
Adopted
as
a
formal
rank
title
in
17th-century
European
navies
,
derived
from
the
broader
sense
of
one
who
commands
.
abandon
verb
-
abandon
to
leave
a
person
,
animal
,
or
place
forever
,
especially
when
they
still
need
you
•
During
the
storm
,
the
sailors
had
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
During
the
storm
,
the
sailors
had
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
•
The
frightened
kitten
was
abandoned
outside
the
animal
shelter
overnight
.
The
frightened
kitten
was
abandoned
outside
the
animal
shelter
overnight
.
sand
noun
-
sand
Very
small
loose
grains
of
rock
found
on
beaches
,
deserts
,
or
riverbeds
.
•
The
children
built
a
castle
out
of
sand
on
the
beach
.
The
children
built
a
castle
out
of
sand
on
the
beach
.
•
After
the
storm
,
fine
sand
covered
the
road
.
After
the
storm
,
fine
sand
covered
the
road
.
Old
English
“
sand
”,
from
Proto-Germanic
*sandaz
,
related
to
Latin
“
sabulum
”
meaning
gravel
or
sand
.
verb
To
make
a
surface
smooth
by
rubbing
it
with
sandpaper
or
another
abrasive
material
.
•
She
carefully
sanded
the
wooden
table
before
painting
it
.
She
carefully
sanded
the
wooden
table
before
painting
it
.
•
The
carpenter
sands
the
edges
to
remove
splinters
.
The
carpenter
sands
the
edges
to
remove
splinters
.
From
the
noun
“
sand
”,
once
referring
to
real
sand
or
powdered
stone
used
in
early
smoothing
methods
.
adjective
Pale
yellowish-brown
in
colour
,
like
dry
beach
sand
.
•
She
chose
a
sand
shade
of
paint
for
the
living
room
walls
.
She
chose
a
sand
shade
of
paint
for
the
living
room
walls
.
•
The
horse
’
s
coat
was
a
soft
sand
colour
.
The
horse
’
s
coat
was
a
soft
sand
colour
.
Adjective
sense
developed
from
comparison
to
the
colour
of
natural
sand
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
-
sand
Old-fashioned
US
slang
for
courage
and
tough
determination
.
•
It
takes
real
sand
to
stand
up
to
a
bully
.
It
takes
real
sand
to
stand
up
to
a
bully
.
•
The
rookie
showed
plenty
of
sand
during
the
tough
match
.
The
rookie
showed
plenty
of
sand
during
the
tough
match
.
19th-century
American
frontier
expression
likening
courage
to
the
weight
and
firmness
of
sand
used
for
ballast
.
grandmother
noun
the
mother
of
your
father
or
mother
.
•
My
grandmother
bakes
the
best
chocolate
chip
cookies
every
Sunday
.
My
grandmother
bakes
the
best
chocolate
chip
cookies
every
Sunday
.
•
Lucas
loves
listening
to
stories
about
the
past
that
his
grandmother
tells
him
before
bed
.
Lucas
loves
listening
to
stories
about
the
past
that
his
grandmother
tells
him
before
bed
.
expansion
noun
-
expand
,
expanding
,
expands
,
expanded
the
act
or
process
of
becoming
larger
,
wider
,
or
more
numerous
•
The
rapid
expansion
of
the
city
has
created
many
new
jobs
.
The
rapid
expansion
of
the
city
has
created
many
new
jobs
.
•
During
the
company
’
s
expansion
into
Asia
,
they
opened
three
new
offices
.
During
the
company
’
s
expansion
into
Asia
,
they
opened
three
new
offices
.
From
Latin
‘
expansio
’
meaning
a
spreading
out
,
from
‘
expandere
’ “
to
spread
out
.”
noun
-
expand
,
expanding
,
expands
,
expanded
the
full
written-out
form
of
a
mathematical
expression
,
series
,
or
equation
after
it
has
been
multiplied
or
otherwise
developed
•
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
write
the
expansion
of
(
a
+
b
)
^3
.
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
write
the
expansion
of
(
a
+
b
)
^3
.
•
Using
the
binomial
theorem
makes
finding
the
series
expansion
much
easier
.
Using
the
binomial
theorem
makes
finding
the
series
expansion
much
easier
.
noun
-
expand
,
expanding
,
expands
,
expanded
an
additional
set
of
levels
,
features
,
or
content
released
to
extend
an
existing
video
game
,
board
game
,
or
software
product
•
Players
welcomed
the
new
expansion
because
it
added
a
whole
continent
to
explore
.
Players
welcomed
the
new
expansion
because
it
added
a
whole
continent
to
explore
.
•
The
board-game
expansion
introduces
fresh
cards
and
alternate
endings
.
The
board-game
expansion
introduces
fresh
cards
and
alternate
endings
.
noun
-
expand
,
expanding
,
expands
,
expanded
the
period
in
an
economic
cycle
when
output
,
employment
,
and
spending
are
rising
•
GDP
growth
of
4%
signaled
a
healthy
economic
expansion
.
GDP
growth
of
4%
signaled
a
healthy
economic
expansion
.
•
During
the
expansion
phase
,
companies
often
hire
more
workers
.
During
the
expansion
phase
,
companies
often
hire
more
workers
.
random
adjective
without
any
plan
,
order
,
or
pattern
;
happening
or
chosen
by
chance
•
The
teacher
picked
a
random
student
to
answer
the
question
.
The
teacher
picked
a
random
student
to
answer
the
question
.
•
We
chose
a
random
number
between
one
and
ten
.
We
chose
a
random
number
between
one
and
ten
.
From
Middle
French
random
“
speed
,
rush
,”
from
Old
French
randon
“
force
,
impetuosity
,”
of
Germanic
origin
related
to
“
run
.”
adjective
strange
or
unexpected
,
with
no
clear
connection
to
what
is
happening
•
It
was
so
random
when
it
started
snowing
in
July
.
It
was
so
random
when
it
started
snowing
in
July
.
•
A
random
dog
followed
me
all
the
way
home
.
A
random
dog
followed
me
all
the
way
home
.
noun
a
person
who
is
not
known
or
not
part
of
a
group
•
A
random
bumped
into
me
and
asked
for
directions
.
A
random
bumped
into
me
and
asked
for
directions
.
•
We
don't
let
randoms
into
the
private
chat
.
We
don't
let
randoms
into
the
private
chat
.
scandal
noun
-
scandalize
,
scandalizing
,
scandalizes
,
scandalized
a
shocking
action
or
event
that
breaks
laws
or
moral
rules
and
angers
many
people
when
it
becomes
known
•
The
minister
resigned
after
the
corruption
scandal
was
revealed
.
The
minister
resigned
after
the
corruption
scandal
was
revealed
.
•
The
company's
share
price
plummeted
because
of
a
safety
scandal
involving
its
latest
product
.
The
company's
share
price
plummeted
because
of
a
safety
scandal
involving
its
latest
product
.
from
Latin
scandalum
“
cause
for
offense
”,
through
Old
French
escandle
,
Middle
English
skandal
;
originally
meaning
a
trap
or
stumbling
block
to
faith
noun
-
scandalize
,
scandalizing
,
scandalizes
,
scandalized
talk
or
gossip
about
shocking
wrongdoing
,
especially
rumors
that
spread
quickly
•
She
loves
reading
magazines
full
of
celebrity
scandal
.
She
loves
reading
magazines
full
of
celebrity
scandal
.
•
The
small
town
buzzed
with
scandal
after
the
mayor
’
s
unexpected
divorce
.
The
small
town
buzzed
with
scandal
after
the
mayor
’
s
unexpected
divorce
.
same
origin
as
Sense
1
;
over
time
also
came
to
mean
the
talk
about
disgraceful
acts
grandfather
noun
the
father
of
your
father
or
mother
•
My
grandfather
taught
me
how
to
fish
at
the
lake
every
summer
.
My
grandfather
taught
me
how
to
fish
at
the
lake
every
summer
.
•
After
the
war
,
her
grandfather
built
the
small
house
where
she
lives
now
.
After
the
war
,
her
grandfather
built
the
small
house
where
she
lives
now
.
From
grand
+
father
;
recorded
in
English
since
the
early
15th
century
.
verb
to
allow
someone
or
something
to
continue
under
an
old
rule
while
new
rules
apply
to
others
•
Existing
taxi
drivers
were
grandfathered
and
did
not
need
the
new
license
.
Existing
taxi
drivers
were
grandfathered
and
did
not
need
the
new
license
.
•
The
old
neon
sign
was
grandfathered
under
previous
regulations
,
so
the
restaurant
could
keep
it
.
The
old
neon
sign
was
grandfathered
under
previous
regulations
,
so
the
restaurant
could
keep
it
.
Derived
from
the
noun
sense
via
the
legal
term
“
grandfather
clause
”
in
late
19th-century
American
legislation
.
candy
noun
-
candy
,
candies
a
sweet
food
made
mostly
of
sugar
,
often
flavored
or
coated
,
and
eaten
as
a
treat
•
Mia
shared
her
bag
of
candy
with
the
whole
class
.
Mia
shared
her
bag
of
candy
with
the
whole
class
.
•
Too
much
candy
can
give
you
a
stomachache
.
Too
much
candy
can
give
you
a
stomachache
.
From
Middle
English
*candy*
,
from
Old
French
*çucre
candi*
(“
candied
sugar
”),
from
Arabic
قَنَد
(
*qand*
, “
sugar
”),
ultimately
from
Sanskrit
खण्ड
(
*khaṇḍa*
, “
piece
,
fragment
,
sugar
in
crystalline
form
”).
verb
-
candy
,
candying
,
candies
,
candied
to
cook
fruit
,
nuts
,
or
peel
in
sugar
syrup
until
coated
with
a
shiny
or
crystalline
layer
•
Grandma
loves
to
candy
orange
peels
for
holiday
cakes
.
Grandma
loves
to
candy
orange
peels
for
holiday
cakes
.
•
After
the
apples
cooled
,
the
chef
candied
them
with
a
thin
sugar
glaze
.
After
the
apples
cooled
,
the
chef
candied
them
with
a
thin
sugar
glaze
.
Verb
sense
developed
from
the
noun
:
to
make
something
like
candy
by
coating
it
with
sugar
.
mandate
noun
an
official
order
or
rule
issued
by
an
authority
that
must
be
obeyed
•
During
the
drought
,
the
city
council
passed
a
water-use
mandate
limiting
lawn
watering
to
once
a
week
.
During
the
drought
,
the
city
council
passed
a
water-use
mandate
limiting
lawn
watering
to
once
a
week
.
•
The
airline
introduced
a
face-mask
mandate
for
all
passengers
.
The
airline
introduced
a
face-mask
mandate
for
all
passengers
.
From
Latin
mandatum
“
something
commanded
,”
from
mandare
“
to
hand
over
,
to
command
.”
noun
the
authority
voters
give
to
an
elected
government
or
leader
to
carry
out
policies
•
The
new
president
claimed
a
clear
mandate
to
reform
the
healthcare
system
.
The
new
president
claimed
a
clear
mandate
to
reform
the
healthcare
system
.
•
With
only
a
slim
majority
,
the
coalition
lacked
a
solid
mandate
for
radical
change
.
With
only
a
slim
majority
,
the
coalition
lacked
a
solid
mandate
for
radical
change
.
verb
-
mandate
,
mandating
,
mandates
,
mandated
to
order
or
require
something
by
authority
•
The
new
regulation
mandates
companies
to
report
carbon
emissions
yearly
.
The
new
regulation
mandates
companies
to
report
carbon
emissions
yearly
.
•
The
policy
mandated
a
minimum
wage
increase
for
all
workers
.
The
policy
mandated
a
minimum
wage
increase
for
all
workers
.
verb
-
mandate
,
mandating
,
mandates
,
mandated
to
give
someone
the
authority
or
power
to
act
•
The
shareholders
mandated
the
board
to
search
for
a
new
CEO
.
The
shareholders
mandated
the
board
to
search
for
a
new
CEO
.
•
The
treaty
mandates
the
commission
to
oversee
elections
.
The
treaty
mandates
the
commission
to
oversee
elections
.
noun
(
law
)
a
formal
contract
in
which
one
person
authorizes
another
to
act
on
their
behalf
•
Under
the
mandate
,
the
agent
could
negotiate
the
sale
of
the
property
.
Under
the
mandate
,
the
agent
could
negotiate
the
sale
of
the
property
.
•
The
court
examined
whether
the
mandate
had
expired
when
the
client
died
.
The
court
examined
whether
the
mandate
had
expired
when
the
client
died
.
noun
(
historical
)
a
territory
placed
under
the
administration
of
another
country
by
the
League
of
Nations
after
World
War
I
•
Syria
was
once
a
French
mandate
created
after
the
First
World
War
.
Syria
was
once
a
French
mandate
created
after
the
First
World
War
.
•
The
League
of
Nations
divided
the
Ottoman
Empire
into
several
mandates
.
The
League
of
Nations
divided
the
Ottoman
Empire
into
several
mandates
.
sandwich
noun
-
sandwich
,
sandwiches
Two
slices
of
bread
(
or
a
split
roll
)
with
meat
,
cheese
,
vegetables
,
or
other
food
placed
between
them
and
eaten
as
a
light
meal
.
•
She
packed
a
ham
sandwich
for
lunch
.
She
packed
a
ham
sandwich
for
lunch
.
•
Do
you
want
your
sandwich
toasted
or
cold
?
Do
you
want
your
sandwich
toasted
or
cold
?
Named
after
John
Montagu
,
4th
Earl
of
Sandwich
(
1718–1792
),
who
reportedly
ate
meat
between
slices
of
bread
so
he
could
continue
gambling
without
stopping
for
a
formal
meal
.
verb
-
sandwich
,
sandwiching
,
sandwiches
,
sandwiched
To
place
or
squeeze
someone
or
something
tightly
between
two
other
people
or
things
.
•
The
little
house
was
sandwiched
between
two
skyscrapers
.
The
little
house
was
sandwiched
between
two
skyscrapers
.
•
She
sandwiched
her
notes
between
the
pages
of
the
textbook
.
She
sandwiched
her
notes
between
the
pages
of
the
textbook
.
Verb
sense
developed
from
the
noun
,
figuratively
extending
the
idea
of
food
between
bread
slices
to
any
object
or
person
trapped
between
two
others
.
handful
noun
the
amount
of
something
that
you
can
hold
in
one
hand
•
She
scooped
a
handful
of
sand
and
let
it
run
through
her
fingers
.
She
scooped
a
handful
of
sand
and
let
it
run
through
her
fingers
.
•
Add
a
handful
of
nuts
to
the
salad
for
extra
crunch
.
Add
a
handful
of
nuts
to
the
salad
for
extra
crunch
.
noun
a
very
small
number
of
people
or
things
•
Only
a
handful
of
guests
showed
up
because
of
the
storm
.
Only
a
handful
of
guests
showed
up
because
of
the
storm
.
•
There
are
just
a
handful
of
cookies
left
in
the
tin
.
There
are
just
a
handful
of
cookies
left
in
the
tin
.
noun
a
person
,
child
,
or
animal
who
is
difficult
to
control
or
deal
with
•
Their
puppy
is
cute
,
but
he's
quite
a
handful
when
visitors
arrive
.
Their
puppy
is
cute
,
but
he's
quite
a
handful
when
visitors
arrive
.
•
The
twins
can
be
a
handful
for
their
grandparents
.
The
twins
can
be
a
handful
for
their
grandparents
.
standing
verb
-
stand
,
standing
,
stands
,
stood
present
participle
of
stand
:
to
be
in
an
upright
position
on
your
feet
•
The
children
are
standing
in
a
circle
,
ready
to
play
.
The
children
are
standing
in
a
circle
,
ready
to
play
.
•
He
was
standing
on
the
balcony
when
the
rain
began
.
He
was
standing
on
the
balcony
when
the
rain
began
.
adjective
upright
on
your
feet
,
not
sitting
or
lying
•
The
audience
remained
standing
throughout
the
national
anthem
.
The
audience
remained
standing
throughout
the
national
anthem
.
•
After
hours
of
standing
in
line
,
they
finally
bought
concert
tickets
.
After
hours
of
standing
in
line
,
they
finally
bought
concert
tickets
.
adjective
continuing
or
arranged
to
last
for
a
long
time
;
permanent
or
regular
•
We
have
a
standing
meeting
every
Monday
morning
.
We
have
a
standing
meeting
every
Monday
morning
.
•
The
club
offers
its
members
a
standing
discount
at
the
gym
.
The
club
offers
its
members
a
standing
discount
at
the
gym
.
noun
a
position
in
a
list
that
shows
how
well
someone
or
something
is
doing
compared
with
others
•
The
team
finished
the
season
in
first
standing
in
the
league
.
The
team
finished
the
season
in
first
standing
in
the
league
.
•
Check
the
current
standings
online
to
see
who
is
leading
the
tournament
.
Check
the
current
standings
online
to
see
who
is
leading
the
tournament
.
noun
the
respect
,
importance
,
or
reputation
that
someone
or
something
has
•
Winning
the
award
greatly
improved
her
professional
standing
.
Winning
the
award
greatly
improved
her
professional
standing
.
•
Despite
his
wealth
,
his
moral
standing
was
questioned
after
the
scandal
.
Despite
his
wealth
,
his
moral
standing
was
questioned
after
the
scandal
.
noun
the
length
of
time
that
something
has
existed
•
They
resolved
a
dispute
of
long
standing
.
They
resolved
a
dispute
of
long
standing
.
•
The
shop
is
a
tradition
of
fifty
years
’
standing
.
The
shop
is
a
tradition
of
fifty
years
’
standing
.
wander
verb
to
walk
or
travel
around
with
no
fixed
plan
,
purpose
,
or
destination
•
On
warm
summer
evenings
,
locals
love
to
wander
along
the
riverside
promenade
watching
the
reflections
on
the
water
.
On
warm
summer
evenings
,
locals
love
to
wander
along
the
riverside
promenade
watching
the
reflections
on
the
water
.
•
After
checking
into
her
hostel
,
Mia
wandered
through
the
lively
street
market
,
tasting
snacks
from
every
stall
.
After
checking
into
her
hostel
,
Mia
wandered
through
the
lively
street
market
,
tasting
snacks
from
every
stall
.
From
Old
English
wandrian
“
to
move
aimlessly
,”
related
to
Old
High
German
wantarōn
“
to
roam
.”
verb
to
stray
or
move
away
from
the
correct
path
or
place
•
If
you
don
’
t
latch
the
gate
,
the
sheep
will
wander
onto
the
road
.
If
you
don
’
t
latch
the
gate
,
the
sheep
will
wander
onto
the
road
.
•
The
toddler
wandered
away
from
his
mother
in
the
busy
department
store
.
The
toddler
wandered
away
from
his
mother
in
the
busy
department
store
.
verb
(
of
thoughts
,
attention
,
or
conversation
)
to
shift
away
from
the
main
focus
or
subject
•
Her
mind
often
wanders
during
long
meetings
.
Her
mind
often
wanders
during
long
meetings
.
•
Try
not
to
let
the
discussion
wander
too
far
from
the
agenda
.
Try
not
to
let
the
discussion
wander
too
far
from
the
agenda
.
handsome
adjective
-
handsome
,
handsomer
,
handsomest
good-looking
,
especially
in
a
way
that
is
strong
,
pleasant
,
and
easy
to
notice
•
Everyone
said
the
actor
was
particularly
handsome
in
his
new
movie
.
Everyone
said
the
actor
was
particularly
handsome
in
his
new
movie
.
•
The
handsome
waiter
smiled
as
he
served
the
drinks
.
The
handsome
waiter
smiled
as
he
served
the
drinks
.
From
Middle
English
hansom
,
from
hand
+
-some
,
originally
meaning
“
easy
to
handle
;
convenient
,”
later
“
of
good
appearance
.”
adjective
-
handsome
,
handsomer
,
handsomest
pleasing
in
appearance
because
of
good
shape
or
design
•
They
bought
a
handsome
wooden
desk
for
the
study
.
They
bought
a
handsome
wooden
desk
for
the
study
.
•
The
town
hall
is
a
handsome
building
from
the
19th
century
.
The
town
hall
is
a
handsome
building
from
the
19th
century
.
adjective
-
handsome
,
handsomer
,
handsomest
larger
or
more
generous
than
usual
•
He
earned
a
handsome
profit
from
selling
the
old
house
.
He
earned
a
handsome
profit
from
selling
the
old
house
.
•
The
charity
received
a
handsome
donation
from
the
company
.
The
charity
received
a
handsome
donation
from
the
company
.
homeland
noun
the
country
where
you
were
born
or
that
you
feel
is
your
true
home
•
After
ten
years
abroad
,
Nina
finally
returned
to
her
homeland
to
see
her
family
.
After
ten
years
abroad
,
Nina
finally
returned
to
her
homeland
to
see
her
family
.
•
Immigrants
often
feel
a
deep
connection
to
the
music
and
food
of
their
homeland
.
Immigrants
often
feel
a
deep
connection
to
the
music
and
food
of
their
homeland
.
Old
English
hām
‘
home
’
+
land
‘
land
’;
meaning
‘
native
country
’
recorded
since
the
17th
century
.
noun
(
historical
,
South
Africa
)
a
territory
set
aside
for
a
specific
Black
ethnic
group
under
apartheid
,
with
limited
self-government
•
During
apartheid
,
each
ethnic
group
was
assigned
a
homeland
with
limited
rights
.
During
apartheid
,
each
ethnic
group
was
assigned
a
homeland
with
limited
rights
.
•
Many
families
were
forced
to
relocate
to
a
distant
homeland
they
had
never
visited
before
.
Many
families
were
forced
to
relocate
to
a
distant
homeland
they
had
never
visited
before
.
Adopted
in
mid-20th-century
South
African
English
to
translate
Afrikaans
tuisland
‘
home
country
’,
coined
by
the
apartheid
government
.
landing
noun
a
flat
platform
at
the
top
,
bottom
,
or
between
flights
of
stairs
•
She
paused
on
the
landing
to
catch
her
breath
before
climbing
the
next
flight
.
She
paused
on
the
landing
to
catch
her
breath
before
climbing
the
next
flight
.
•
There
is
a
small
table
with
flowers
on
the
upstairs
landing
.
There
is
a
small
table
with
flowers
on
the
upstairs
landing
.
Sense
in
architecture
recorded
from
the
late
18th
century
,
referring
to
the
idea
of
“
landing
”
or
coming
to
rest
between
flights
of
stairs
.
verb
present
participle
of
the
verb
“
land
”
•
The
plane
is
landing
now
,
so
please
fasten
your
seatbelts
.
The
plane
is
landing
now
,
so
please
fasten
your
seatbelts
.
•
Birds
were
landing
on
the
balcony
railing
to
peck
at
the
seeds
.
Birds
were
landing
on
the
balcony
railing
to
peck
at
the
seeds
.
See
main
entry
for
“
land
.”
noun
the
act
of
an
aircraft
,
spacecraft
,
or
bird
coming
down
and
safely
touching
the
ground
or
water
•
The
passengers
cheered
after
a
smooth
landing
.
The
passengers
cheered
after
a
smooth
landing
.
•
Bad
weather
forced
the
pilot
to
make
an
emergency
landing
in
a
field
.
Bad
weather
forced
the
pilot
to
make
an
emergency
landing
in
a
field
.
From
the
verb
“
land
”
+
-ing
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
with
the
general
sense
of
“
coming
to
shore
,”
later
extended
to
aircraft
in
the
early
20th
century
.
noun
a
platform
or
small
dock
at
the
edge
of
water
where
boats
load
or
unload
people
or
goods
•
We
waited
at
the
river
landing
for
the
ferry
to
arrive
.
We
waited
at
the
river
landing
for
the
ferry
to
arrive
.
•
Fishermen
unloaded
their
catch
at
the
wooden
landing
.
Fishermen
unloaded
their
catch
at
the
wooden
landing
.
Extends
the
older
sense
of
“
coming
to
land
”
to
mean
the
place
where
such
arrival
happens
;
in
use
since
at
least
the
17th
century
for
river
trade
.
outstanding
adjective
extremely
good
or
impressive
•
The
pianist
gave
an
outstanding
performance
that
left
the
audience
in
awe
.
The
pianist
gave
an
outstanding
performance
that
left
the
audience
in
awe
.
•
Jenna
received
an
award
for
her
outstanding
volunteer
work
at
the
shelter
.
Jenna
received
an
award
for
her
outstanding
volunteer
work
at
the
shelter
.
adjective
waiting
to
be
dealt
with
,
paid
,
or
settled
•
I
still
have
three
outstanding
bills
to
pay
before
the
end
of
the
month
.
I
still
have
three
outstanding
bills
to
pay
before
the
end
of
the
month
.
•
The
detective
kept
a
list
of
outstanding
cases
pinned
to
the
corkboard
.
The
detective
kept
a
list
of
outstanding
cases
pinned
to
the
corkboard
.
candle
noun
a
stick
of
wax
or
similar
material
with
a
wick
in
the
middle
that
you
light
to
give
off
flame
and
light
•
When
the
electricity
failed
,
Maria
lit
a
single
candle
to
brighten
the
room
.
When
the
electricity
failed
,
Maria
lit
a
single
candle
to
brighten
the
room
.
•
The
birthday
cake
was
topped
with
ten
colorful
candles
flickering
in
the
dimmed
dining
room
.
The
birthday
cake
was
topped
with
ten
colorful
candles
flickering
in
the
dimmed
dining
room
.
Middle
English
candel
,
from
Old
English
candela
,
from
Latin
candēla
meaning
“
a
light
,
torch
,”
related
to
candēre
“
to
shine
,
be
white
.”
noun
a
former
unit
for
measuring
how
bright
a
light
source
is
,
roughly
equal
to
one
candela
•
Early
20th-century
lightbulbs
were
often
rated
at
sixteen
candles
of
intensity
.
Early
20th-century
lightbulbs
were
often
rated
at
sixteen
candles
of
intensity
.
•
The
lighthouse
’
s
beam
measured
two
million
candles
,
making
it
visible
far
out
to
sea
.
The
lighthouse
’
s
beam
measured
two
million
candles
,
making
it
visible
far
out
to
sea
.
Adopted
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
everyday
object
“
candle
,”
whose
flame
served
as
a
practical
reference
brightness
.
verb
-
candle
,
candling
,
candles
,
candled
to
shine
a
strong
light
through
an
egg
to
check
its
freshness
or
to
see
an
embryo
inside
•
The
farmer
candled
each
egg
to
be
sure
none
were
cracked
or
spoiled
.
The
farmer
candled
each
egg
to
be
sure
none
were
cracked
or
spoiled
.
•
Before
incubation
,
technicians
candle
the
eggs
to
check
for
developing
embryos
.
Before
incubation
,
technicians
candle
the
eggs
to
check
for
developing
embryos
.
From
the
practice
of
using
a
small
candle
as
the
original
light
source
for
inspection
,
first
recorded
in
the
18th
century
.
Android
noun
-
Android
the
mobile
operating
system
developed
by
Google
and
used
on
many
smartphones
and
tablets
•
She
downloaded
a
new
game
on
her
Android
phone
during
the
train
ride
.
She
downloaded
a
new
game
on
her
Android
phone
during
the
train
ride
.
•
The
developer
released
an
update
for
the
Android
version
of
the
app
first
.
The
developer
released
an
update
for
the
Android
version
of
the
app
first
.
2007
:
trademark
of
Google
,
chosen
to
suggest
‘
human-like
robot
’
as
a
friendly
software
helper
.
propaganda
noun
-
propaganda
information
,
ideas
,
or
images
spread
with
the
aim
of
shaping
people
’
s
opinions
or
actions
,
often
by
presenting
only
one
side
of
an
issue
•
During
the
war
,
both
sides
produced
posters
filled
with
propaganda
to
boost
morale
.
During
the
war
,
both
sides
produced
posters
filled
with
propaganda
to
boost
morale
.
•
Scrolling
through
social
media
,
she
realized
the
shocking
headlines
were
just
political
propaganda
.
Scrolling
through
social
media
,
she
realized
the
shocking
headlines
were
just
political
propaganda
.
Borrowed
in
the
17th
century
from
Latin
"
propaganda
" (
short
for
"
congregatio
de
propaganda
fide
,"
meaning
“
congregation
for
propagating
the
faith
”),
from
the
verb
"
propagare
,"
meaning
“
to
spread
.”
grandma
noun
a
woman
who
is
the
mother
of
one
’
s
father
or
mother
;
an
informal
word
for
grandmother
•
My
grandma
bakes
the
best
chocolate-chip
cookies
.
My
grandma
bakes
the
best
chocolate-chip
cookies
.
•
We
visit
my
grandma
every
Sunday
for
lunch
.
We
visit
my
grandma
every
Sunday
for
lunch
.
Early
19th-century
contraction
of
“
grandmother
,”
patterned
on
earlier
pet-names
like
“
mama
”
and
“
papa
.”
Grandma
noun
-
Grandma
a
respectful
form
of
address
used
when
speaking
directly
to
one
’
s
grandmother
•
Grandma
,
can
you
read
me
a
story
?
Grandma
,
can
you
read
me
a
story
?
•
Thanks
for
the
scarf
,
Grandma
—
I
love
it
!
Thanks
for
the
scarf
,
Grandma
—
I
love
it
!
Same
origin
as
the
common
noun
“
grandma
,”
but
capitalized
when
used
as
a
form
of
address
,
similar
to
“
Mom
”
or
“
Dad
.”