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itself
pronoun
the
reflexive
form
of
“
it
”,
used
when
a
thing
,
animal
,
idea
,
or
situation
is
the
object
of
its
own
action
or
of
a
preposition
•
The
cat
washed
itself
in
the
warm
sunlight
.
The
cat
washed
itself
in
the
warm
sunlight
.
•
During
storms
,
the
lighthouse
can
shut
itself
down
to
avoid
damage
.
During
storms
,
the
lighthouse
can
shut
itself
down
to
avoid
damage
.
Old
English
“
hit
self
” (
the
thing
+
self
),
later
becoming
“
itself
”
by
loss
of
the
initial
“
h
”
sound
in
Middle
English
.
pronoun
used
for
emphasis
to
highlight
the
noun
or
earlier
pronoun
it
refers
to
,
showing
that
it
alone
is
being
talked
about
•
The
town
itself
is
tiny
,
but
the
mountains
around
it
are
stunning
.
The
town
itself
is
tiny
,
but
the
mountains
around
it
are
stunning
.
•
The
problem
itself
isn
’
t
difficult
;
we
just
need
more
time
.
The
problem
itself
isn
’
t
difficult
;
we
just
need
more
time
.
Same
development
as
the
reflexive
sense
:
from
Old
English
“
hit
self
,”
later
reduced
to
“
it
self
,”
then
“
itself
,”
with
the
emphatic
use
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
it
pronoun
used
to
talk
about
a
thing
,
animal
,
idea
,
or
situation
that
people
already
know
about
or
can
easily
see
•
“
Where
is
my
book
?”
–
“
I
put
it
on
your
desk
.”
“
Where
is
my
book
?”
–
“
I
put
it
on
your
desk
.”
•
The
puppy
wagged
its
tail
when
I
picked
it
up
.
The
puppy
wagged
its
tail
when
I
picked
it
up
.
Old
English
hit
,
neuter
form
of
“
he
”.
pronoun
used
to
refer
to
a
thing
,
animal
,
or
idea
that
has
already
been
mentioned
or
is
understood
•
I
found
my
old
camera
,
but
it
no
longer
turns
on
.
I
found
my
old
camera
,
but
it
no
longer
turns
on
.
•
The
cake
looks
delicious
;
let's
eat
it
after
dinner
.
The
cake
looks
delicious
;
let's
eat
it
after
dinner
.
Old
English
hit
,
originally
the
neuter
form
of
“
he
”,
gradually
losing
initial
h-
in
Middle
English
.
pronoun
used
as
a
subject
in
impersonal
statements
about
weather
,
time
,
distance
,
or
general
situations
•
It
is
snowing
outside
,
so
wear
a
coat
.
It
is
snowing
outside
,
so
wear
a
coat
.
•
It
is
seven
kilometers
from
here
to
the
beach
.
It
is
seven
kilometers
from
here
to
the
beach
.
pronoun
used
at
the
beginning
of
a
sentence
as
a
dummy
subject
when
talking
about
weather
,
time
,
distance
,
or
to
introduce
a
fact
or
opinion
•
It
is
raining
,
so
bring
an
umbrella
.
It
is
raining
,
so
bring
an
umbrella
.
•
It
is
seven
o'clock
;
the
school
bus
will
arrive
soon
.
It
is
seven
o'clock
;
the
school
bus
will
arrive
soon
.
Extension
of
the
basic
pronoun
sense
to
fill
the
subject
position
in
English
sentences
.
pronoun
used
at
the
beginning
of
a
sentence
to
give
emphasis
to
a
particular
person
,
thing
,
place
,
or
time
(
cleft
construction
)
•
It
was
Maria
who
solved
the
puzzle
first
.
It
was
Maria
who
solved
the
puzzle
first
.
•
It
is
honesty
that
he
values
most
.
It
is
honesty
that
he
values
most
.
somewhat
pronoun
something
;
an
unspecified
thing
,
amount
,
or
degree
(
archaic
and
rare
)
•
Tell
me
somewhat
about
your
hometown
,
I
beg
you
.
Tell
me
somewhat
about
your
hometown
,
I
beg
you
.
•
There
is
somewhat
in
his
manner
that
troubles
me
.
There
is
somewhat
in
his
manner
that
troubles
me
.
Same
origin
as
the
adverb
sense
:
a
compound
of
‘
some
’
+
‘
what
’,
originally
used
as
a
pronoun
meaning
‘
something
’.
The
adverbial
sense
later
became
dominant
.