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extra
adjective
added
to
what
is
usual
,
expected
,
or
needed
•
Could
you
bring
some
extra
chairs
for
the
guests
?
Could
you
bring
some
extra
chairs
for
the
guests
?
•
I
always
carry
an
extra
pen
in
case
mine
runs
out
.
I
always
carry
an
extra
pen
in
case
mine
runs
out
.
From
Latin
extra
meaning
“
outside
,
beyond
.”
noun
a
thing
that
is
additional
to
what
is
usual
or
expected
•
The
phone
comes
with
an
extra
like
a
protective
case
.
The
phone
comes
with
an
extra
like
a
protective
case
.
•
Put
the
extras
in
the
attic
until
we
need
them
.
Put
the
extras
in
the
attic
until
we
need
them
.
Extension
of
adjective
use
in
early
19th
century
to
label
surplus
items
.
noun
a
person
hired
to
appear
in
a
crowd
or
background
role
in
a
film
,
television
show
,
or
commercial
•
He
worked
as
an
extra
in
a
medieval
battle
scene
.
He
worked
as
an
extra
in
a
medieval
battle
scene
.
•
The
director
asked
the
extras
to
react
with
surprise
.
The
director
asked
the
extras
to
react
with
surprise
.
Film
industry
usage
dates
from
early
1900s
,
shortening
of
“
extra
actor
.”
adjective
informal
:
overly
elaborate
,
dramatic
,
or
excessive
•
She
decorated
her
locker
in
a
really
extra
way
with
glitter
and
lights
.
She
decorated
her
locker
in
a
really
extra
way
with
glitter
and
lights
.
•
His
birthday
party
was
so
extra
—
there
was
even
a
live
band
.
His
birthday
party
was
so
extra
—
there
was
even
a
live
band
.
Modern
slang
extension
of
“
extra
”
meaning
more
than
needed
,
popularized
in
2010s
social
media
.
extraordinary
adjective
very
unusual
,
surprising
,
or
much
better
than
what
is
normal
.
•
The
magician's
performance
was
extraordinary
,
and
the
audience
gasped
in
amazement
.
The
magician's
performance
was
extraordinary
,
and
the
audience
gasped
in
amazement
.
•
Maya
achieved
extraordinary
results
on
her
science
project
,
winning
first
prize
at
the
fair
.
Maya
achieved
extraordinary
results
on
her
science
project
,
winning
first
prize
at
the
fair
.
From
Latin
extraordinarius
“
outside
the
normal
order
,”
from
extra
“
outside
”
+
ordinarius
“
regular
.”
adjective
used
before
a
noun
to
show
that
something
has
special
authority
,
power
,
or
purpose
beyond
the
usual
.
•
The
president
called
an
extraordinary
meeting
to
deal
with
the
crisis
.
The
president
called
an
extraordinary
meeting
to
deal
with
the
crisis
.
•
She
was
appointed
Ambassador
Extraordinary
and
Plenipotentiary
to
France
.
She
was
appointed
Ambassador
Extraordinary
and
Plenipotentiary
to
France
.
Same
origin
as
main
sense
:
Latin
extraordinarius
,
referring
to
duties
outside
the
usual
course
.
extract
verb
-
extract
,
extracting
,
extracts
,
extracted
to
carefully
remove
something
from
the
place
where
it
is
fixed
or
mixed
•
The
dentist
extracted
Maria
’
s
wisdom
tooth
quickly
and
painlessly
.
The
dentist
extracted
Maria
’
s
wisdom
tooth
quickly
and
painlessly
.
•
He
used
tweezers
to
extract
a
splinter
from
his
finger
at
the
kitchen
table
.
He
used
tweezers
to
extract
a
splinter
from
his
finger
at
the
kitchen
table
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
extrahere
‘
draw
out
’.
noun
a
concentrated
substance
taken
from
a
plant
,
food
,
or
mineral
and
used
for
flavor
,
fragrance
,
or
medicine
•
Add
a
teaspoon
of
vanilla
extract
to
the
batter
.
Add
a
teaspoon
of
vanilla
extract
to
the
batter
.
•
Peppermint
extract
gives
the
hot
chocolate
a
festive
kick
.
Peppermint
extract
gives
the
hot
chocolate
a
festive
kick
.
Sense
of
‘
concentrated
preparation
’
dates
from
the
early
19th
century
when
chemists
isolated
active
ingredients
.
verb
-
extract
,
extracting
,
extracts
,
extracted
to
obtain
information
,
money
,
or
agreement
from
someone
,
often
with
effort
or
pressure
•
Detectives
finally
extracted
a
confession
from
the
suspect
.
Detectives
finally
extracted
a
confession
from
the
suspect
.
•
The
journalist
managed
to
extract
valuable
details
from
the
reluctant
witness
.
The
journalist
managed
to
extract
valuable
details
from
the
reluctant
witness
.
Figurative
sense
recorded
from
the
17th
century
.
noun
a
short
passage
taken
from
a
piece
of
writing
,
music
,
or
film
•
The
magazine
printed
an
extract
from
the
upcoming
novel
.
The
magazine
printed
an
extract
from
the
upcoming
novel
.
•
Students
studied
an
extract
of
Shakespeare
’
s
‘
Macbeth
’
in
class
.
Students
studied
an
extract
of
Shakespeare
’
s
‘
Macbeth
’
in
class
.
Use
for
a
written
passage
appeared
in
the
17th
century
,
reflecting
the
idea
of
words
‘
drawn
out
’
of
a
larger
text
.
verb
-
extract
,
extracting
,
extracts
,
extracted
to
calculate
a
particular
value
,
such
as
a
root
,
substring
,
or
record
,
from
a
larger
set
of
data
•
You
can
extract
the
square
root
of
64
in
your
head
.
You
can
extract
the
square
root
of
64
in
your
head
.
•
The
script
will
extract
every
email
address
from
the
file
.
The
script
will
extract
every
email
address
from
the
file
.
Technical
use
grew
with
advances
in
mathematics
(
18th
c
.)
and
computing
(
20th
c
.).