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later
adverb
after
the
time
just
mentioned
or
at
some
time
in
the
future
•
I'll
call
you
later
this
evening
.
I'll
call
you
later
this
evening
.
•
Three
days
later
,
the
snow
finally
melted
.
Three
days
later
,
the
snow
finally
melted
.
adjective
occurring
toward
the
end
of
a
period
or
after
something
else
•
In
her
later
years
,
she
moved
to
the
countryside
.
In
her
later
years
,
she
moved
to
the
countryside
.
•
The
later
chapters
of
the
book
are
more
exciting
.
The
later
chapters
of
the
book
are
more
exciting
.
interjection
used
informally
to
say
goodbye
,
meaning
‘
see
you
later
’
•
"
Later
!"
he
shouted
as
he
left
the
party
.
"
Later
!"
he
shouted
as
he
left
the
party
.
•
"
Catch
you
later
,
guys
,"
she
said
,
grabbing
her
backpack
.
"
Catch
you
later
,
guys
,"
she
said
,
grabbing
her
backpack
.
late
adjective
-
late
,
later
,
latest
happening
or
arriving
after
the
time
that
was
expected
or
arranged
.
•
Maya
was
late
for
school
because
the
bus
broke
down
.
Maya
was
late
for
school
because
the
bus
broke
down
.
•
The
meeting
started
ten
minutes
before
James
arrived
late
.
The
meeting
started
ten
minutes
before
James
arrived
late
.
From
Old
English
lǣt
“
slow
,
tardy
,”
related
to
the
German
‘
spät
’
with
the
same
meaning
.
adjective
-
late
,
later
,
latest
arriving
,
happening
,
or
done
after
the
planned
or
expected
time
.
•
The
train
was
late
,
so
passengers
waited
on
the
platform
.
The
train
was
late
,
so
passengers
waited
on
the
platform
.
•
Her
late
arrival
to
class
surprised
the
teacher
.
Her
late
arrival
to
class
surprised
the
teacher
.
adverb
-
late
,
later
,
latest
after
the
planned
or
expected
time
.
•
We
arrived
late
at
the
theater
and
missed
the
opening
scene
.
We
arrived
late
at
the
theater
and
missed
the
opening
scene
.
•
Don't
stay
up
late
before
an
exam
.
Don't
stay
up
late
before
an
exam
.
adjective
-
late
,
later
,
latest
used
before
a
person
’
s
name
to
show
that
they
are
dead
.
•
The
late
Professor
Smith
inspired
many
young
scientists
.
The
late
Professor
Smith
inspired
many
young
scientists
.
•
We
visited
the
memorial
of
the
late
president
.
We
visited
the
memorial
of
the
late
president
.
adjective
-
late
,
later
,
latest
occurring
or
existing
near
the
end
of
a
period
or
sequence
.
•
In
the
late
afternoon
,
the
sky
turned
golden
.
In
the
late
afternoon
,
the
sky
turned
golden
.
•
During
the
late
1990s
,
mobile
phones
became
popular
.
During
the
late
1990s
,
mobile
phones
became
popular
.
adverb
-
late
,
later
,
latest
recently
;
in
the
recent
past
,
especially
in
the
expression
“
of
late
”.
•
People
have
been
talking
a
lot
about
electric
cars
of late
.
People
have
been
talking
a
lot
about
electric
cars
of late
.
•
Crime
rates
have
fallen
of late
in
the
city
.
Crime
rates
have
fallen
of late
in
the
city
.
relate
verb
-
relate
,
relating
,
relates
,
related
to
show
or
make
a
connection
between
two
or
more
things
•
The
report
relates
current
spending
to
last
year's
profits
.
The
report
relates
current
spending
to
last
year's
profits
.
•
Can
you
relate
these
clues
to
the
missing
painting
?
Can
you
relate
these
clues
to
the
missing
painting
?
verb
-
relate
,
relating
,
relates
,
related
to
be
connected
with
or
about
a
particular
subject
,
event
,
or
situation
(
often
followed
by
"
to
")
•
Her
research
relates
directly
to
renewable
energy
.
Her
research
relates
directly
to
renewable
energy
.
•
These
rules
relate
to
safety
in
the
laboratory
.
These
rules
relate
to
safety
in
the
laboratory
.
verb
-
relate
,
relating
,
relates
,
related
to
understand
and
feel
sympathy
for
someone
because
you
have
a
similar
experience
(
often
"
relate
to
someone/something
")
•
As
a
parent
,
I
can
relate
to
your
worries
.
As
a
parent
,
I
can
relate
to
your
worries
.
•
She
couldn't
relate
to
the
main
character's
choices
.
She
couldn't
relate
to
the
main
character's
choices
.
verb
-
relate
,
relating
,
relates
,
related
to
tell
or
describe
a
story
,
event
,
or
series
of
facts
(
formal
)
•
The
witness
related
what
he
had
seen
.
The
witness
related
what
he
had
seen
.
•
Grandfather
loves
to
relate
tales
of
his
youth
.
Grandfather
loves
to
relate
tales
of
his
youth
.
plate
noun
a
flat
,
usually
round
dish
that
you
use
to
hold
and
eat
food
from
•
Maria
carefully
placed
the
slice
of
cake
onto
a
small
plate
before
serving
it
.
Maria
carefully
placed
the
slice
of
cake
onto
a
small
plate
before
serving
it
.
•
The
toddler
banged
his
plastic
plate
on
the
high-chair
tray
,
laughing
loudly
.
The
toddler
banged
his
plastic
plate
on
the
high-chair
tray
,
laughing
loudly
.
Old
French
plate
“
flat
piece
,”
from
Medieval
Latin
plata
“
flat
surface
,”
probably
from
Greek
platys
“
broad
,
flat
.”
noun
an
amount
of
food
served
on
one
plate
;
a
portion
of
a
meal
•
The
restaurant
offers
a
generous
plate
of
pasta
for
under
ten
dollars
.
The
restaurant
offers
a
generous
plate
of
pasta
for
under
ten
dollars
.
•
I
’
m
starving
—
can
you
hand
me
another
plate
of
cookies
?
I
’
m
starving
—
can
you
hand
me
another
plate
of
cookies
?
noun
the
metal
or
plastic
sign
fixed
to
a
vehicle
that
shows
its
registration
number
•
The
police
officer
wrote
down
the
car
’
s
license
plate
number
.
The
police
officer
wrote
down
the
car
’
s
license
plate
number
.
•
In
some
countries
,
electric
vehicles
have
green
plates
.
In
some
countries
,
electric
vehicles
have
green
plates
.
verb
-
plate
,
plating
,
plates
,
plated
to
arrange
cooked
food
neatly
on
a
plate
for
serving
•
The
chef
took
a
moment
to
plate
the
steak
with
colorful
vegetables
.
The
chef
took
a
moment
to
plate
the
steak
with
colorful
vegetables
.
•
She
plated
the
dessert
with
a
sprinkle
of
powdered
sugar
and
fresh
berries
.
She
plated
the
dessert
with
a
sprinkle
of
powdered
sugar
and
fresh
berries
.
noun
a
large
,
slowly
moving
section
of
the
Earth
’
s
crust
that
fits
together
with
others
like
a
puzzle
•
The
Pacific
plate
is
the
largest
of
Earth
’
s
tectonic
plates
.
The
Pacific
plate
is
the
largest
of
Earth
’
s
tectonic
plates
.
•
Earthquakes
often
occur
where
one
plate
slides
beneath
another
.
Earthquakes
often
occur
where
one
plate
slides
beneath
another
.
noun
a
thin
,
flat
piece
of
metal
,
glass
,
or
similar
material
•
The
welder
attached
a
steel
plate
to
reinforce
the
bridge
support
.
The
welder
attached
a
steel
plate
to
reinforce
the
bridge
support
.
•
The
scientist
slid
a
glass
plate
over
the
sample
to
examine
it
under
the
microscope
.
The
scientist
slid
a
glass
plate
over
the
sample
to
examine
it
under
the
microscope
.
noun
in
baseball
,
the
five-sided
base
that
a
runner
must
touch
to
score
a
run
;
home
plate
•
The
batter
stepped
up
to
the
plate
and
adjusted
his
helmet
.
The
batter
stepped
up
to
the
plate
and
adjusted
his
helmet
.
•
She
slid
across
the
plate
just
before
the
catcher
could
tag
her
.
She
slid
across
the
plate
just
before
the
catcher
could
tag
her
.
verb
-
plate
,
plating
,
plates
,
plated
to
cover
an
object
with
a
thin
layer
of
metal
,
usually
for
protection
or
decoration
•
The
jeweler
will
plate
the
ring
with
24-karat
gold
.
The
jeweler
will
plate
the
ring
with
24-karat
gold
.
•
Old
cutlery
can
tarnish
quickly
unless
you
plate
it
with
silver
.
Old
cutlery
can
tarnish
quickly
unless
you
plate
it
with
silver
.
Sense
extended
from
the
noun
“
plate
” (
metal
sheet
)
in
the
19th
century
,
when
electroplating
became
common
.
chocolate
noun
a
sweet
brown
food
made
from
roasted
cacao
beans
and
sugar
,
eaten
as
candy
or
used
in
drinks
and
desserts
•
After
dinner
,
Emma
treated
herself
to
a
square
of
chocolate
.
After
dinner
,
Emma
treated
herself
to
a
square
of
chocolate
.
•
The
smell
of
melted
chocolate
drifted
through
the
entire
bakery
.
The
smell
of
melted
chocolate
drifted
through
the
entire
bakery
.
adjective
containing
or
flavored
with
chocolate
•
She
chose
a
slice
of
chocolate
cake
for
her
birthday
.
She
chose
a
slice
of
chocolate
cake
for
her
birthday
.
•
The
café
serves
the
richest
chocolate
ice
cream
in
town
.
The
café
serves
the
richest
chocolate
ice
cream
in
town
.
noun
-
chocolate
a
dark
brown
color
like
that
of
chocolate
candy
•
The
artist
mixed
red
and
black
paint
to
create
a
deep
chocolate
for
the
tree
trunks
.
The
artist
mixed
red
and
black
paint
to
create
a
deep
chocolate
for
the
tree
trunks
.
•
They
chose
chocolate
for
the
walls
in
their
living
room
.
They
chose
chocolate
for
the
walls
in
their
living
room
.
violate
verb
-
violate
,
violating
,
violates
,
violated
to
break
or
fail
to
follow
a
law
,
rule
,
or
agreement
•
The
company
violated
safety
regulations
by
ignoring
the
warning
signs
.
The
company
violated
safety
regulations
by
ignoring
the
warning
signs
.
•
Drivers
who
violate
the
speed
limit
face
heavy
fines
.
Drivers
who
violate
the
speed
limit
face
heavy
fines
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
violāre
“
to
injure
,
outrage
,
dishonor
,”
from
violentus
“
violent
.”
verb
-
violate
,
violating
,
violates
,
violated
to
damage
or
show
no
respect
for
something
considered
sacred
,
private
,
or
important
•
Tourists
were
fined
for
violating
the
temple
by
carving
their
names
on
the
ancient
walls
.
Tourists
were
fined
for
violating
the
temple
by
carving
their
names
on
the
ancient
walls
.
•
Playing
loud
music
late
at
night
violates
the
peaceful
atmosphere
of
the
library
.
Playing
loud
music
late
at
night
violates
the
peaceful
atmosphere
of
the
library
.
verb
-
violate
,
violating
,
violates
,
violated
to
interfere
with
or
harm
someone
’
s
rights
,
freedom
,
or
privacy
•
Publishing
the
victim's
address
online
violates
her
right
to
privacy
.
Publishing
the
victim's
address
online
violates
her
right
to
privacy
.
•
Spying
on
citizens
without
a
warrant
violates
civil
liberties
.
Spying
on
citizens
without
a
warrant
violates
civil
liberties
.
verb
-
violate
,
violating
,
violates
,
violated
to
force
someone
to
have
sexual
contact
against
their
will
;
to
rape
•
The
judge
handed
down
a
long
prison
sentence
to
the
man
who
had
violated
the
teenager
.
The
judge
handed
down
a
long
prison
sentence
to
the
man
who
had
violated
the
teenager
.
•
News
reports
said
the
suspect
violated
several
women
over
a
period
of
years
.
News
reports
said
the
suspect
violated
several
women
over
a
period
of
years
.
related
adjective
connected
or
linked
to
something
else
•
The
questions
in
section
two
are
directly
related
to
the
article
you
just
read
.
The
questions
in
section
two
are
directly
related
to
the
article
you
just
read
.
•
All
the
cables
related
to
the
sound
system
are
labeled
in
red
.
All
the
cables
related
to
the
sound
system
are
labeled
in
red
.
adjective
belonging
to
the
same
family
by
blood
or
marriage
•
Are
you
related
to
that
famous
actor
?
Are
you
related
to
that
famous
actor
?
•
Even
though
we
share
the
same
last
name
,
we
are
not
related
.
Even
though
we
share
the
same
last
name
,
we
are
not
related
.
verb
-
relate
,
relating
,
relates
,
related
simple
past
tense
and
past
participle
of
relate
•
The
witness
related
every
detail
of
the
accident
to
the
police
.
The
witness
related
every
detail
of
the
accident
to
the
police
.
•
Grandfather
related
stories
from
his
childhood
by
the
fire
.
Grandfather
related
stories
from
his
childhood
by
the
fire
.
translate
verb
-
translate
,
translating
,
translates
,
translated
to
change
spoken
or
written
words
from
one
language
into
another
•
Maria
translated
the
Spanish
poem
into
English
for
her
classmates
.
Maria
translated
the
Spanish
poem
into
English
for
her
classmates
.
•
The
tour
guide
translates
every
announcement
so
foreign
visitors
can
understand
.
The
tour
guide
translates
every
announcement
so
foreign
visitors
can
understand
.
from
Latin
“
translatus
” (
carried
over
,
transferred
),
past
participle
of
“
transferre
”
meaning
“
to
carry
across
”.
verb
-
translate
,
translating
,
translates
,
translated
to
change
something
into
a
different
form
or
make
it
happen
in
a
new
way
•
The
engineer
translated
the
sketch
into
a
3-D
computer
model
.
The
engineer
translated
the
sketch
into
a
3-D
computer
model
.
•
Hard
work
translates
his
ideas
into
real
results
.
Hard
work
translates
his
ideas
into
real
results
.
verb
-
translate
,
translating
,
translates
,
translated
to
be
understood
,
effective
,
or
suitable
when
expressed
in
another
language
or
medium
•
His
dry
humor
doesn't
translate
well
on
social
media
.
His
dry
humor
doesn't
translate
well
on
social
media
.
•
The
idiom
translated
poorly
into
French
and
confused
the
students
.
The
idiom
translated
poorly
into
French
and
confused
the
students
.
verb
-
translate
,
translating
,
translates
,
translated
(
mathematics
)
to
move
a
shape
,
graph
,
or
object
a
certain
distance
in
a
given
direction
without
rotating
it
•
If
you
translate
the
triangle
three
units
to
the
right
,
its
shape
stays
the
same
.
If
you
translate
the
triangle
three
units
to
the
right
,
its
shape
stays
the
same
.
•
The
animation
software
translates
the
character
upward
before
the
jump
.
The
animation
software
translates
the
character
upward
before
the
jump
.
verb
-
translate
,
translating
,
translates
,
translated
(
biology
)
to
build
a
protein
by
reading
the
genetic
code
carried
by
messenger
RNA
•
Ribosomes
translate
mRNA
sequences
into
chains
of
amino
acids
.
Ribosomes
translate
mRNA
sequences
into
chains
of
amino
acids
.
•
Inside
the
cell
,
the
virus
translates
its
genes
using
the
host
machinery
.
Inside
the
cell
,
the
virus
translates
its
genes
using
the
host
machinery
.
calculate
verb
-
calculate
,
calculating
,
calculates
,
calculated
to
use
numbers
,
logic
,
or
a
device
to
find
out
an
exact
amount
,
distance
,
time
,
or
other
answer
•
The
engineer
used
his
laptop
to
calculate
the
bridge's
load
limit
.
The
engineer
used
his
laptop
to
calculate
the
bridge's
load
limit
.
•
During
the
maths
quiz
,
Mia
quickly
calculated
the
answer
on
her
calculator
.
During
the
maths
quiz
,
Mia
quickly
calculated
the
answer
on
her
calculator
.
From
Latin
calculāre
“
to
reckon
,
compute
,”
originally
“
to
use
small
stones
for
counting
,”
from
calculus
“
small
stone
.”
verb
-
calculate
,
calculating
,
calculates
,
calculated
to
plan
or
design
something
deliberately
in
order
to
achieve
a
particular
effect
•
The
politician's
speech
was
calculated
to
win
young
voters'
support
.
The
politician's
speech
was
calculated
to
win
young
voters'
support
.
•
Her
casual
laugh
seemed
calculated
to
hide
her
nerves
.
Her
casual
laugh
seemed
calculated
to
hide
her
nerves
.
verb
-
calculate
,
calculating
,
calculates
,
calculated
(
informal
)
to
think
,
suppose
,
or
expect
•
I
calculate
we'll
get
there
before
dark
if
we
leave
now
.
I
calculate
we'll
get
there
before
dark
if
we
leave
now
.
•
She
calculated
he
wouldn't
dare
argue
with
her
decision
.
She
calculated
he
wouldn't
dare
argue
with
her
decision
.
regulate
verb
-
regulate
,
regulating
,
regulates
,
regulated
to
control
an
activity
,
industry
,
or
behavior
by
making
and
enforcing
rules
or
laws
•
The
government
plans
to
regulate
the
sale
of
e-cigarettes
to
protect
young
people
.
The
government
plans
to
regulate
the
sale
of
e-cigarettes
to
protect
young
people
.
•
International
treaties
help
regulate
fishing
to
prevent
over-harvesting
.
International
treaties
help
regulate
fishing
to
prevent
over-harvesting
.
From
Latin
regulatus
,
past
participle
of
régulāre
“
to
control
by
rule
,”
from
régula
“
rule
,
standard
.”
verb
-
regulate
,
regulating
,
regulates
,
regulated
to
adjust
a
machine
,
process
,
or
amount
so
that
it
works
correctly
or
stays
within
desired
limits
•
A
thermostat
regulates
the
temperature
inside
the
house
automatically
.
A
thermostat
regulates
the
temperature
inside
the
house
automatically
.
•
Engineers
must
regulate
the
flow
of
water
through
the
dam
to
avoid
flooding
.
Engineers
must
regulate
the
flow
of
water
through
the
dam
to
avoid
flooding
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
extending
the
idea
of
setting
a
rule
to
keeping
a
consistent
level
or
operation
.
lately
adverb
in
the
recent
past
;
during
a
period
close
to
the
present
•
I've
been
feeling
very
tired
lately
.
I've
been
feeling
very
tired
lately
.
•
Lately
,
the
city
streets
have
been
busier
than
ever
.
Lately
,
the
city
streets
have
been
busier
than
ever
.
Middle
English
laten
+
-ly
,
originally
meaning
"
late
in
time
";
over
centuries
the
sense
narrowed
to
"
in
the
recent
past
".