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public
adjective
connected
with
or
involving
all
the
people
in
a
society
•
The
mayor
promised
to
improve
public
safety
in
the
city
.
The
mayor
promised
to
improve
public
safety
in
the
city
.
•
Researchers
shared
their
report
on
public
health
at
a
crowded
press
conference
.
Researchers
shared
their
report
on
public
health
at
a
crowded
press
conference
.
From
Latin
‘
publicus
’
meaning
‘
of
the
people
’.
adjective
able
to
be
seen
,
used
,
or
attended
by
anyone
;
not
private
or
secret
•
The
meeting
was
a
public
event
that
anyone
could
attend
.
The
meeting
was
a
public
event
that
anyone
could
attend
.
•
Please
keep
your
voice
down
in
public
places
like
the
library
.
Please
keep
your
voice
down
in
public
places
like
the
library
.
adjective
provided
,
controlled
,
or
paid
for
by
the
government
rather
than
by
private
individuals
or
companies
•
He
rides
the
bus
because
public
transportation
is
cheap
.
He
rides
the
bus
because
public
transportation
is
cheap
.
•
They
sent
their
children
to
the
local
public
school
.
They
sent
their
children
to
the
local
public
school
.
noun
-
public
the
people
of
a
country
,
city
,
or
community
considered
as
a
whole
•
The
police
asked
the
public
for
help
finding
the
missing
child
.
The
police
asked
the
public
for
help
finding
the
missing
child
.
•
Politicians
should
listen
to
the
public
.
Politicians
should
listen
to
the
public
.
adjective
open
or
available
for
everyone
to
use
,
know
,
or
take
part
in
;
not
private
•
We
spent
the
afternoon
reading
in
the
public
library
.
We
spent
the
afternoon
reading
in
the
public
library
.
•
The
city
opened
a
new
public
park
by
the
river
.
The
city
opened
a
new
public
park
by
the
river
.
noun
all
ordinary
people
as
a
group
,
or
the
people
who
are
interested
in
or
affected
by
something
•
The
museum
is
now
open
to
the
public
.
The
museum
is
now
open
to
the
public
.
•
The
survey
shows
that
the
public
supports
the
new
law
.
The
survey
shows
that
the
public
supports
the
new
law
.
noun
a
particular
group
of
people
who
share
a
common
interest
•
Advertisers
study
the
teenage
public
carefully
.
Advertisers
study
the
teenage
public
carefully
.
•
The
author
thanked
the
reading
public
for
their
loyalty
.
The
author
thanked
the
reading
public
for
their
loyalty
.
adjective
done
or
happening
where
people
can
see
or
know
about
it
;
openly
known
•
The
actor
issued
a
public
apology
for
his
remarks
.
The
actor
issued
a
public
apology
for
his
remarks
.
•
She
refused
to
argue
with
him
in
public
.
She
refused
to
argue
with
him
in
public
.
publish
verb
-
publish
,
publishing
,
publishes
,
published
to
prepare
and
issue
a
book
,
magazine
,
website
,
or
other
piece
of
writing
so
that
the
public
can
read
or
buy
it
•
The
company
will
publish
a
new
travel
guide
next
month
.
The
company
will
publish
a
new
travel
guide
next
month
.
•
After
months
of
editing
,
the
author
finally
published
her
first
novel
.
After
months
of
editing
,
the
author
finally
published
her
first
novel
.
from
Latin
“
publicare
”
meaning
“
to
make
public
.”
verb
-
publish
,
publishing
,
publishes
,
published
to
officially
announce
or
make
something
such
as
information
,
statistics
,
or
rules
available
for
everyone
to
see
•
The
school
will
publish
the
test
results
on
its
website
tomorrow
.
The
school
will
publish
the
test
results
on
its
website
tomorrow
.
•
Every
year
,
the
government
publishes
a
report
on
air
quality
.
Every
year
,
the
government
publishes
a
report
on
air
quality
.
verb
-
publish
,
publishing
,
publishes
,
published
(
of
an
author
)
to
have
one
’
s
work
printed
or
made
available
to
the
public
•
She
dreams
that
one
day
she
will
publish
with
a
major
publisher
.
She
dreams
that
one
day
she
will
publish
with
a
major
publisher
.
•
Many
scientists
must
publish
regularly
to
keep
their
jobs
.
Many
scientists
must
publish
regularly
to
keep
their
jobs
.
publication
noun
a
book
,
magazine
,
newspaper
,
or
online
document
that
has
been
printed
or
put
out
for
people
to
read
•
I
picked
up
a
free
publication
about
city
events
at
the
subway
station
.
I
picked
up
a
free
publication
about
city
events
at
the
subway
station
.
•
The
magazine
is
a
weekly
publication
with
colorful
photos
.
The
magazine
is
a
weekly
publication
with
colorful
photos
.
Same
root
as
Sense
1
:
from
Latin
“
publicatio
,”
based
on
“
publicus
,”
meaning
“
of
the
people
.”
noun
the
act
of
printing
,
uploading
,
or
otherwise
making
information
available
for
everyone
to
read
or
see
•
The
scientists
waited
eagerly
for
the
publication
of
their
research
results
in
the
journal
.
The
scientists
waited
eagerly
for
the
publication
of
their
research
results
in
the
journal
.
•
The
law
requires
the
publication
of
new
regulations
before
they
take
effect
.
The
law
requires
the
publication
of
new
regulations
before
they
take
effect
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
“
publicatio
,”
from
“
publicare
”
meaning
“
make
public
.”
publisher
noun
a
person
or
company
that
prepares
,
produces
,
and
sells
books
,
magazines
,
newspapers
,
or
other
written
or
digital
works
•
After
finishing
her
novel
,
Maria
sent
it
to
a
well-known
publisher
in
New
York
.
After
finishing
her
novel
,
Maria
sent
it
to
a
well-known
publisher
in
New
York
.
•
The
children's
book
publisher
added
colorful
illustrations
to
attract
young
readers
.
The
children's
book
publisher
added
colorful
illustrations
to
attract
young
readers
.
from
‘
publish
’
+
‘
-er
’,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
15th
century
noun
in
computing
,
a
program
or
component
that
sends
out
data
or
messages
for
other
programs
(
subscribers
)
to
receive
•
In
the
messaging
system
,
the
publisher
sends
temperature
updates
every
minute
.
In
the
messaging
system
,
the
publisher
sends
temperature
updates
every
minute
.
•
Each
time
a
user
posts
a
photo
,
a
publisher
event
is
created
for
the
news
feed
.
Each
time
a
user
posts
a
photo
,
a
publisher
event
is
created
for
the
news
feed
.
extended
from
the
traditional
sense
of
‘
publisher
’
to
computing
in
the
late
20th
century
,
by
analogy
with
disseminating
information
publicly
adverb
in
a
way
that
anyone
can
see
,
hear
,
or
know
about
;
openly
•
The
mayor
apologized
publicly
for
the
error
during
a
crowded
press
conference
.
The
mayor
apologized
publicly
for
the
error
during
a
crowded
press
conference
.
•
At
the
school
assembly
,
the
principal
praised
Mia
publicly
for
her
bravery
.
At
the
school
assembly
,
the
principal
praised
Mia
publicly
for
her
bravery
.
Derived
from
public
+
-ly
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
.
republican
adjective
connected
with
or
supporting
a
form
of
government
in
which
the
people
choose
representatives
and
there
is
no
king
or
queen
•
The
country
adopted
a
new
republican
constitution
after
the
revolution
.
The
country
adopted
a
new
republican
constitution
after
the
revolution
.
•
Many
young
voters
favored
a
republican
system
instead
of
the
old
monarchy
.
Many
young
voters
favored
a
republican
system
instead
of
the
old
monarchy
.
From
French
républicain
,
based
on
Latin
res
publica
“
public
matter
,
commonwealth
.”
noun
a
person
who
believes
that
a
country
should
be
a
republic
or
who
works
to
replace
a
monarchy
with
an
elected
government
•
The
republican
stood
on
the
podium
and
called
for
the
end
of
the
monarchy
.
The
republican
stood
on
the
podium
and
called
for
the
end
of
the
monarchy
.
•
As
a
devoted
republican
,
she
wore
a
pin
shaped
like
a
broken
crown
.
As
a
devoted
republican
,
she
wore
a
pin
shaped
like
a
broken
crown
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
,
first
used
in
English
political
writings
of
the
17th
century
.
Republican
noun
a
member
or
supporter
of
the
Republican
Party
in
the
United
States
•
A
smiling
Republican
shook
hands
with
voters
at
the
county
fair
.
A
smiling
Republican
shook
hands
with
voters
at
the
county
fair
.
•
My
aunt
has
been
a
proud
Republican
since
she
was
eighteen
.
My
aunt
has
been
a
proud
Republican
since
she
was
eighteen
.
Derived
from
the
name
of
the
Republican
Party
,
established
in
1854
.
adjective
connected
with
the
Republican
Party
,
one
of
the
two
major
political
parties
in
the
United
States
•
The
senator
introduced
a
Republican
proposal
to
cut
taxes
.
The
senator
introduced
a
Republican
proposal
to
cut
taxes
.
•
The
two
candidates
debated
their
Republican
and
Democratic
viewpoints
.
The
two
candidates
debated
their
Republican
and
Democratic
viewpoints
.
Capitalization
began
in
the
mid-19th
century
with
the
founding
of
the
U
.
S
.
Republican
Party
(
1854
).
republic
noun
a
country
or
state
without
a
king
or
queen
in
which
the
people
elect
their
leaders
•
After
years
of
monarchy
,
the
nation
finally
became
a
republic
and
elected
its
first
president
.
After
years
of
monarchy
,
the
nation
finally
became
a
republic
and
elected
its
first
president
.
•
The
teacher
showed
the
students
a
map
highlighting
every
republic
in
South
America
.
The
teacher
showed
the
students
a
map
highlighting
every
republic
in
South
America
.
from
Latin
res
publica
“
public
affair
,
commonwealth
”,
later
used
in
French
république
before
entering
English
in
the
16th
century
noun
a
self-governing
community
or
network
of
people
linked
by
a
shared
interest
•
During
the
Renaissance
,
writers
across
Europe
saw
themselves
as
part
of
a
republic
of
letters
.
During
the
Renaissance
,
writers
across
Europe
saw
themselves
as
part
of
a
republic
of
letters
.
•
Thanks
to
social
media
,
photographers
worldwide
have
formed
a
vibrant
republic
of
imagemakers
.
Thanks
to
social
media
,
photographers
worldwide
have
formed
a
vibrant
republic
of
imagemakers
.
extension
of
the
political
sense
to
metaphorical
communities
from
the
17th
century
onward