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capital
noun
the
city
where
a
country
,
state
,
or
region
β
s
government
is
based
β’
Paris
is
the
capital
of
France
.
Paris
is
the
capital
of
France
.
β’
Our
class
took
a
day-trip
to
the
capital
to
visit
the
national
museum
.
Our
class
took
a
day-trip
to
the
capital
to
visit
the
national
museum
.
Middle
English
from
Old
French
β
capitale
β,
from
Latin
β
capitalis
β
meaning
β
of
the
head
β,
from
β
caput
β
β
β
head
β.
The
government
head-town
sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
-
capital
money
,
property
,
or
other
assets
used
to
start
or
run
a
business
or
project
β’
She
needed
more
capital
to
open
her
bakery
.
She
needed
more
capital
to
open
her
bakery
.
β’
Investors
supplied
the
start-up
with
venture
capital
.
Investors
supplied
the
start-up
with
venture
capital
.
Sense
of
β
wealth
β
comes
from
the
idea
of
the
β
principal
sum
β (
the
β
head
β)
that
earns
interest
,
recorded
in
English
since
the
17th
century
.
noun
a
large
letter
such
as
A
,
B
,
or
C
that
is
used
at
the
beginning
of
sentences
and
names
β’
Always
start
a
sentence
with
a
capital
.
Always
start
a
sentence
with
a
capital
.
β’
Names
like
"
London
"
and
"
Emma
"
begin
with
a
capital
.
Names
like
"
London
"
and
"
Emma
"
begin
with
a
capital
.
The
printing
sense
appeared
in
the
18th
century
,
from
earlier
β
capital
letter
β
meaning
a
letter
at
the
head
of
a
sentence
.
adjective
involving
the
death
penalty
;
punishable
by
death
β’
In
the
past
,
theft
of
a
horse
was
a
capital
offense
.
In
the
past
,
theft
of
a
horse
was
a
capital
offense
.
β’
Some
countries
have
abolished
all
capital
punishment
.
Some
countries
have
abolished
all
capital
punishment
.
Legal
use
dates
from
the
late
Middle
Ages
,
from
Latin
β
capitalis
β
β
β
of
the
head
β,
because
the
person
could
lose
their
head
as
punishment
.
adjective
excellent
;
very
good
(
old-fashioned
)
β’
β
That
was
a
capital
performance
!β
the
director
exclaimed
.
β
That
was
a
capital
performance
!β
the
director
exclaimed
.
β’
We
had
a
capital
time
at
the
seaside
last
weekend
.
We
had
a
capital
time
at
the
seaside
last
weekend
.
Adjective
sense
meaning
β
excellent
β
recorded
from
the
mid-18th
century
,
likely
from
the
idea
of
β
head-important
β
or
from
the
French
β
capital
β
used
approvingly
.
tape
verb
-
tape
,
taping
,
tapes
,
taped
to
fasten
or
cover
something
with
tape
β’
She
taped
the
note
to
the
refrigerator
door
.
She
taped
the
note
to
the
refrigerator
door
.
β’
The
coach
taped
the
player
β
s
ankle
before
the
match
.
The
coach
taped
the
player
β
s
ankle
before
the
match
.
Verb
sense
from
the
noun
"
tape
" (
sticky
strip
),
first
recorded
in
the
early
20th
century
.
verb
-
tape
,
taping
,
tapes
,
taped
to
record
sound
or
video
,
especially
using
magnetic
tape
or
similar
equipment
β’
The
band
taped
their
new
album
in
just
one
week
.
The
band
taped
their
new
album
in
just
one
week
.
β’
Can
you
tape
tonight
β
s
show
for
me
?
Can
you
tape
tonight
β
s
show
for
me
?
From
the
noun
"
tape
" (
magnetic
strip
);
verb
sense
arose
in
the
1940s
as
recording
equipment
became
common
.
escape
verb
-
escape
,
escaping
,
escapes
,
escaped
to
get
free
from
a
place
,
person
,
or
situation
that
is
holding
or
harming
you
β’
The
prisoners
escaped
through
a
hidden
tunnel
during
the
night
.
The
prisoners
escaped
through
a
hidden
tunnel
during
the
night
.
β’
The
cat
escaped
out
the
open
window
when
no
one
was
looking
.
The
cat
escaped
out
the
open
window
when
no
one
was
looking
.
From
Latin
β
evadere
β
meaning
β
to
get
out
,
avoid
β,
arriving
in
Middle
English
via
Old
French
β
eschapper
β.
verb
-
escape
,
escaping
,
escapes
,
escaped
to
avoid
something
unpleasant
,
harmful
,
or
undesirable
happening
to
you
β’
Luckily
,
the
driver
escaped
injury
in
the
crash
.
Luckily
,
the
driver
escaped
injury
in
the
crash
.
β’
The
thief
escaped
detection
by
wearing
a
disguise
.
The
thief
escaped
detection
by
wearing
a
disguise
.
verb
-
escape
,
escaping
,
escapes
,
escaped
(
of
a
gas
,
liquid
,
sound
,
or
information
)
to
leak
out
or
get
out
from
somewhere
β’
A
faint
hiss
showed
that
steam
was
escaping
from
the
valve
.
A
faint
hiss
showed
that
steam
was
escaping
from
the
valve
.
β’
Light
escaped
through
the
cracks
in
the
wooden
door
.
Light
escaped
through
the
cracks
in
the
wooden
door
.
landscape
verb
-
landscape
,
landscaping
,
landscapes
,
landscaped
to
design
and
arrange
the
plants
,
paths
,
and
other
features
of
a
piece
of
land
to
make
it
look
attractive
β’
They
hired
a
designer
to
landscape
their
backyard
with
native
plants
.
They
hired
a
designer
to
landscape
their
backyard
with
native
plants
.
β’
We
spent
the
weekend
landscaping
around
the
new
patio
.
We
spent
the
weekend
landscaping
around
the
new
patio
.
therapy
noun
-
therapy
,
therapies
treatment
given
to
cure
or
relieve
a
physical
or
mental
illness
or
disability
,
often
using
medicine
,
exercises
,
or
talking
rather
than
surgery
β’
After
her
accident
,
Maria
received
physical
therapy
to
help
her
walk
again
.
After
her
accident
,
Maria
received
physical
therapy
to
help
her
walk
again
.
β’
The
doctor
said
a
course
of
radiation
therapy
could
shrink
the
tumor
.
The
doctor
said
a
course
of
radiation
therapy
could
shrink
the
tumor
.
Early
19th
century
,
from
Greek
therapeia
β
healing
β,
from
therapeuein
β
treat
medically
β.
noun
-
therapy
,
therapies
an
activity
or
experience
that
makes
someone
feel
calmer
,
happier
,
or
less
stressed
β’
Playing
the
piano
every
evening
is
pure
therapy
for
me
.
Playing
the
piano
every
evening
is
pure
therapy
for
me
.
β’
For
some
people
,
gardening
is
a
form
of
therapy
after
a
stressful
day
.
For
some
people
,
gardening
is
a
form
of
therapy
after
a
stressful
day
.
Figurative
extension
of
the
medical
sense
,
first
recorded
in
the
mid-20th
century
.
shape
verb
-
shape
,
shaping
,
shapes
,
shaped
to
form
something
by
cutting
,
bending
,
or
arranging
it
into
a
desired
form
β’
The
potter
used
his
hands
to
shape
the
wet
clay
.
The
potter
used
his
hands
to
shape
the
wet
clay
.
β’
Parents
often
shape
their
children's
manners
.
Parents
often
shape
their
children's
manners
.
verb
-
shape
,
shaping
,
shapes
,
shaped
to
influence
the
way
something
develops
or
the
way
people
think
about
it
β’
Her
childhood
experiences
shape
her
writing
.
Her
childhood
experiences
shape
her
writing
.
β’
Technology
will
shape
the
future
of
medicine
.
Technology
will
shape
the
future
of
medicine
.
rapidly
adverb
quickly
;
at
a
high
speed
or
rate
.
β’
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
β’
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
formed
from
the
adjective
β
rapid
β
+
the
adverbial
suffix
β
-ly
,β
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
18th
century
.
rapid
adjective
happening
,
moving
,
or
changing
very
quickly
β’
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
β’
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
rapidus
β
seizing
,
hasty
,
swift
β,
from
rapere
β
to
seize
,
hurry
away
β.
noun
a
fast
,
turbulent
section
of
a
river
where
water
rushes
quickly
over
rocks
β’
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
β’
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
First
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
17th
century
,
from
the
adjective
β
rapid
β,
applied
metaphorically
to
swift-moving
stretches
of
water
.
therapist
noun
a
trained
professional
who
helps
people
improve
their
mental
,
emotional
,
or
physical
health
through
therapy
β’
After
the
accident
,
Maria
saw
a
therapist
to
help
her
cope
with
anxiety
.
After
the
accident
,
Maria
saw
a
therapist
to
help
her
cope
with
anxiety
.
β’
The
school
invited
a
therapist
to
talk
to
students
about
stress
management
.
The
school
invited
a
therapist
to
talk
to
students
about
stress
management
.
From
therapy
+β
-ist
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
20th
century
meaning
β
one
who
practices
therapy
.β
leap
verb
-
leap
,
leaping
,
leaps
,
leaped
,
leapt
to
jump
high
or
far
off
the
ground
,
usually
using
a
single
strong
push
β’
The
long-jump
athlete
leaped
over
the
sand
pit
and
landed
cleanly
.
The
long-jump
athlete
leaped
over
the
sand
pit
and
landed
cleanly
.
β’
The
playful
dog
ran
and
leapt
across
the
small
stream
without
touching
the
water
.
The
playful
dog
ran
and
leapt
across
the
small
stream
without
touching
the
water
.
Old
English
hlΔapan
,
related
to
Dutch
lopen
and
German
laufen
meaning
β
to
run
,
leap
β.
verb
-
leap
,
leaping
,
leaps
,
leaped
,
leapt
to
move
quickly
or
suddenly
from
one
position
or
action
to
another
β’
When
the
phone
rang
,
she
leapt
to
answer
it
before
the
second
ring
.
When
the
phone
rang
,
she
leapt
to
answer
it
before
the
second
ring
.
β’
The
cat
leaped
off
the
windowsill
the
moment
it
heard
the
food
bag
rustle
.
The
cat
leaped
off
the
windowsill
the
moment
it
heard
the
food
bag
rustle
.
Figurative
use
recorded
since
the
late
16th
century
,
extending
the
physical
meaning
of
jumping
to
sudden
movement
.
verb
-
leap
,
leaping
,
leaps
,
leaped
,
leapt
to
rise
or
increase
suddenly
and
by
a
large
amount
β’
Fuel
prices
leapt
overnight
after
the
storm
damaged
the
refinery
.
Fuel
prices
leapt
overnight
after
the
storm
damaged
the
refinery
.
β’
Attendance
at
the
concert
leaped
from
a
few
hundred
to
several
thousand
within
days
.
Attendance
at
the
concert
leaped
from
a
few
hundred
to
several
thousand
within
days
.
The
figurative
sense
of
numbers
or
prices
jumping
upward
appeared
in
the
19th
century
.
capitalism
noun
-
capitalism
an
economic
and
social
system
in
which
businesses
,
property
,
and
industry
are
owned
and
run
for
profit
by
private
individuals
rather
than
by
the
state
β’
Many
people
believe
that
capitalism
encourages
innovation
by
rewarding
successful
ideas
.
Many
people
believe
that
capitalism
encourages
innovation
by
rewarding
successful
ideas
.
β’
The
professor
explained
how
capitalism
and
democracy
can
sometimes
be
in
tension
.
The
professor
explained
how
capitalism
and
democracy
can
sometimes
be
in
tension
.
Coined
in
English
in
the
mid-19th
century
from
capital
+
βism
,
originally
referring
to
the
dominance
of
owners
of
capital
;
later
broadened
to
mean
the
entire
economic
system
based
on
private
ownership
for
profit
.
soap
verb
-
soap
,
soaping
,
soaps
,
soaped
to
rub
or
cover
something
with
soap
in
order
to
wash
or
clean
it
β’
She
soaped
the
window
to
remove
the
sticky
fingerprints
.
She
soaped
the
window
to
remove
the
sticky
fingerprints
.
β’
Before
shaving
,
he
soaped
his
face
carefully
.
Before
shaving
,
he
soaped
his
face
carefully
.
From
the
noun
β
soap
,β
in
use
as
a
verb
since
late
1600s
,
meaning
β
to
apply
soap
.β