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log
noun
-
log
,
logging
,
logs
,
logged
a
thick
piece
of
a
tree
trunk
or
large
branch
that
has
been
cut
from
the
tree
,
often
used
for
fuel
or
building
•
The
campers
stacked
logs
beside
the
tent
to
keep
the
fire
burning
through
the
night
.
The
campers
stacked
logs
beside
the
tent
to
keep
the
fire
burning
through
the
night
.
•
A
log
floated
gently
down
the
river
after
the
storm
.
A
log
floated
gently
down
the
river
after
the
storm
.
Old
English
‘
logg
’
or
‘
logge
’,
of
unknown
origin
,
first
recorded
in
the
14th
century
referring
to
a
bulky
piece
of
wood
.
noun
a
written
or
digital
record
that
lists
events
,
numbers
,
or
activities
in
the
order
they
happened
•
The
captain
wrote
the
day's
events
in
the
ship's
log
.
The
captain
wrote
the
day's
events
in
the
ship's
log
.
•
Keep
a
spending
log
so
you
know
where
your
money
goes
.
Keep
a
spending
log
so
you
know
where
your
money
goes
.
Sense
extended
in
the
17th
century
from
the
‘
log-line
’
used
on
ships
to
measure
speed
,
which
required
noting
results
in
a
log
book
.
verb
-
log
,
logging
,
logs
,
logged
to
enter
a
computer
system
,
website
,
or
app
by
providing
a
username
and
password
,
usually
with
the
particle
‘
in
’, ‘
on
’,
or
‘
into
’
•
I
can't
log in
because
I
forgot
my
password
.
I
can't
log in
because
I
forgot
my
password
.
•
Students
logged into
the
online
class
five
minutes
early
.
Students
logged into
the
online
class
five
minutes
early
.
verb
-
log
,
logging
,
logs
,
logged
to
record
facts
,
numbers
,
or
events
in
an
official
or
systematic
way
•
Scientists
logged
the
temperature
every
hour
during
the
experiment
.
Scientists
logged
the
temperature
every
hour
during
the
experiment
.
•
He
logs
all
his
workouts
on
a
phone
app
.
He
logs
all
his
workouts
on
a
phone
app
.
logic
noun
-
logic
a
particular
line
of
reasoning
explaining
why
someone
thinks
or
acts
in
a
certain
way
•
I
can't
follow
the
logic
of
their
decision
to
close
the
store
early
.
I
can't
follow
the
logic
of
their
decision
to
close
the
store
early
.
•
His
logic
was
simple
:
spend
less
and
save
more
.
His
logic
was
simple
:
spend
less
and
save
more
.
noun
-
logic
the
academic
study
of
the
principles
of
valid
reasoning
and
sound
argument
•
At
university
,
Maria
decided
to
major
in
logic
because
she
loved
puzzles
and
clear
thinking
.
At
university
,
Maria
decided
to
major
in
logic
because
she
loved
puzzles
and
clear
thinking
.
•
The
professor
filled
the
blackboard
with
symbols
while
explaining
formal
logic
.
The
professor
filled
the
blackboard
with
symbols
while
explaining
formal
logic
.
from
Old
French
logique
,
from
Latin
logica
,
from
Ancient
Greek
logikē
(
art
of
reasoning
)
noun
-
logic
the
set
of
rules
or
operations
that
control
how
a
computer
program
or
electronic
circuit
behaves
•
The
engineer
tested
the
circuit's
logic
with
an
oscilloscope
.
The
engineer
tested
the
circuit's
logic
with
an
oscilloscope
.
•
Good
programmers
write
clear
logic
to
avoid
bugs
.
Good
programmers
write
clear
logic
to
avoid
bugs
.
logical
adjective
using
clear
,
careful
reasoning
or
making
sense
in
an
ordinary
,
practical
way
•
It
was
logical
to
lock
the
doors
before
leaving
the
house
.
It
was
logical
to
lock
the
doors
before
leaving
the
house
.
•
After
hearing
all
the
evidence
,
the
most
logical
conclusion
was
that
the
cat
had
knocked
over
the
vase
.
After
hearing
all
the
evidence
,
the
most
logical
conclusion
was
that
the
cat
had
knocked
over
the
vase
.
From
the
noun
logic
+
-al
,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
late
16th
century
.
adjective
relating
to
formal
logic
in
computing
or
electronics
,
especially
operations
that
compare
true
and
false
values
•
The
programmer
used
a
logical
operator
to
compare
the
two
values
.
The
programmer
used
a
logical
operator
to
compare
the
two
values
.
•
In
digital
circuits
,
a
NAND
gate
is
a
basic
logical
element
.
In
digital
circuits
,
a
NAND
gate
is
a
basic
logical
element
.
Same
derivation
as
the
general
sense
;
applied
to
computer
science
in
the
mid-20th
century
when
Boolean
logic
became
central
to
electronic
computing
.
technology
noun
-
technology
,
technologies
the
use
of
scientific
knowledge
to
design
and
build
tools
,
machines
,
and
systems
that
solve
problems
or
make
tasks
easier
•
Modern
technology
allows
us
to
video
chat
with
people
across
the
globe
.
Modern
technology
allows
us
to
video
chat
with
people
across
the
globe
.
•
Farmers
use
advanced
technology
to
water
their
crops
more
efficiently
.
Farmers
use
advanced
technology
to
water
their
crops
more
efficiently
.
From
Ancient
Greek
‘
tekhnología
’
meaning
‘
systematic
treatment
of
an
art
’,
from
‘
tékhne
’ ‘
art
,
skill
’
+
‘
-logía
’ ‘
study
’.
noun
-
technology
,
technologies
a
particular
machine
,
method
,
or
piece
of
equipment
created
through
scientific
knowledge
•
The
new
battery
technology
lets
phones
last
for
two
days
without
charging
.
The
new
battery
technology
lets
phones
last
for
two
days
without
charging
.
•
3D
printing
is
a
technology
that
can
create
objects
layer
by
layer
.
3D
printing
is
a
technology
that
can
create
objects
layer
by
layer
.
Same
origin
as
the
broader
sense
:
Greek
roots
‘
tékhne
’ (
art
,
craft
)
+
‘
-logía
’ (
study
),
later
applied
to
individual
inventions
from
the
mid-19th
century
.
blog
noun
a
website
or
online
page
where
a
person
or
group
regularly
writes
informal
articles
about
ideas
,
experiences
,
or
information
•
Maya
started
a
travel
blog
to
share
her
adventures
with
friends
.
Maya
started
a
travel
blog
to
share
her
adventures
with
friends
.
•
The
company's
blog
features
weekly
tips
on
saving
energy
.
The
company's
blog
features
weekly
tips
on
saving
energy
.
Shortened
from
“
weblog
,”
first
used
in
the
late
1990s
for
personal
online
journals
.
verb
-
blog
,
blogging
,
blogs
,
blogged
to
write
new
entries
for
a
blog
or
maintain
a
blog
,
often
on
a
particular
subject
•
He
blogs
about
the
latest
tech
gadgets
every
weekend
.
He
blogs
about
the
latest
tech
gadgets
every
weekend
.
•
She
blogged
her
journey
across
South
America
with
stunning
photos
.
She
blogged
her
journey
across
South
America
with
stunning
photos
.
From
the
noun
“
blog
,”
which
itself
is
a
shortening
of
“
weblog
.”
The
verb
form
appeared
soon
after
the
noun
in
the
early
2000s
.
psychological
adjective
relating
to
the
mind
,
thoughts
,
or
feelings
rather
than
the
body
•
After
the
car
accident
,
Maria
needed
psychological
help
to
overcome
her
fear
of
driving
.
After
the
car
accident
,
Maria
needed
psychological
help
to
overcome
her
fear
of
driving
.
•
Long
periods
of
isolation
can
cause
serious
psychological
effects
on
astronauts
aboard
the
space
station
.
Long
periods
of
isolation
can
cause
serious
psychological
effects
on
astronauts
aboard
the
space
station
.
From
psychology
+
-ical
,
first
used
in
the
mid-19th
century
when
psychology
emerged
as
a
scientific
field
.
adjective
planned
to
influence
a
person
’
s
thoughts
or
feelings
,
especially
to
gain
an
advantage
•
The
army
used
loud
music
as
a
psychological
tactic
to
keep
the
enemy
awake
at
night
.
The
army
used
loud
music
as
a
psychological
tactic
to
keep
the
enemy
awake
at
night
.
•
Mark
played
a
clever
psychological
trick
by
staring
silently
at
his
chess
rival
to
make
him
nervous
.
Mark
played
a
clever
psychological
trick
by
staring
silently
at
his
chess
rival
to
make
him
nervous
.
Extension
of
the
basic
sense
,
first
recorded
in
military
writings
during
World
War
II
when
strategies
to
affect
enemy
morale
became
formalized
.
apologize
verb
-
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
to
say
that
you
are
sorry
for
something
wrong
you
have
done
or
for
upsetting
someone
•
I
apologized
immediately
after
accidentally
stepping
on
her
foot
.
I
apologized
immediately
after
accidentally
stepping
on
her
foot
.
•
Please
apologize
to
your
teacher
for
being
late
.
Please
apologize
to
your
teacher
for
being
late
.
From
Greek
‘
apologeisthai
’
meaning
“
to
give
an
account
or
defense
”;
sense
shifted
in
English
during
the
16th–17th
centuries
to
expressing
regret
.
verb
-
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
to
give
a
formal
defence
or
justification
of
an
action
,
idea
,
or
person
•
The
historian
apologized
the
emperor
’
s
harsh
policies
in
his
latest
book
.
The
historian
apologized
the
emperor
’
s
harsh
policies
in
his
latest
book
.
•
In
parliament
,
he
rose
to
apologize
the
controversial
tax
measures
.
In
parliament
,
he
rose
to
apologize
the
controversial
tax
measures
.
Early
Modern
English
sense
meaning
“
to
make
a
spoken
or
written
defence
,”
from
Greek
‘
apologia
’ (
a
speech
in
defence
).
This
sense
is
now
rare
.
apologise
verb
-
apologise
,
apologising
,
apologises
,
apologised
to
say
that
you
are
sorry
for
something
wrong
you
have
done
or
for
upsetting
someone
•
She
rang
her
friend
to
apologise
for
forgetting
the
meeting
.
She
rang
her
friend
to
apologise
for
forgetting
the
meeting
.
•
We
must
apologise
to
the
guests
for
the
delay
in
serving
dinner
.
We
must
apologise
to
the
guests
for
the
delay
in
serving
dinner
.
Variant
British
spelling
of
“
apologize
,”
from
Greek
‘
apologeisthai
’.
biological
adjective
connected
with
living
things
and
how
they
work
•
In
science
class
,
we
studied
the
biological
functions
of
the
human
heart
.
In
science
class
,
we
studied
the
biological
functions
of
the
human
heart
.
•
Scientists
discovered
a
new
biological
pathway
that
controls
sleep
.
Scientists
discovered
a
new
biological
pathway
that
controls
sleep
.
From
biology
+
-ical
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
.
adjective
related
by
blood
rather
than
by
adoption
or
marriage
•
After
years
of
searching
,
she
finally
met
her
biological
mother
.
After
years
of
searching
,
she
finally
met
her
biological
mother
.
•
He
has
two
sisters
,
one
adopted
and
one
biological
.
He
has
two
sisters
,
one
adopted
and
one
biological
.
Extension
of
the
scientific
sense
to
blood
relations
in
the
mid-20th
century
.
noun
a
person
’
s
biological
parent
•
At
the
reunion
,
he
was
nervous
about
meeting
his
biological
for
the
first
time
.
At
the
reunion
,
he
was
nervous
about
meeting
his
biological
for
the
first
time
.
•
The
adoptee
wrote
a
letter
to
her
biological
asking
for
a
meeting
.
The
adoptee
wrote
a
letter
to
her
biological
asking
for
a
meeting
.
Noun
use
developed
from
the
adjective
in
late
20th-century
North
American
adoption
communities
.
dialogue
noun
conversation
written
or
spoken
by
characters
in
a
book
,
play
,
movie
,
or
similar
work
,
or
real-life
talk
between
two
or
more
people
•
The
playwright's
lively
dialogue
made
the
characters
feel
real
.
The
playwright's
lively
dialogue
made
the
characters
feel
real
.
•
Kids
giggled
as
they
practiced
the
puppet
show's
dialogue
in
the
classroom
.
Kids
giggled
as
they
practiced
the
puppet
show's
dialogue
in
the
classroom
.
From
Greek
dialegesthai
‘
converse
’,
via
Latin
dialogus
and
French
dialogue
.
psychology
noun
-
psychology
,
psychologies
the
scientific
study
of
how
the
mind
works
and
why
people
and
animals
behave
as
they
do
•
Maria
decided
to
major
in
psychology
because
she
was
fascinated
by
human
emotions
.
Maria
decided
to
major
in
psychology
because
she
was
fascinated
by
human
emotions
.
•
A
high-school
teacher
explained
how
experiments
in
psychology
can
reveal
hidden
biases
.
A
high-school
teacher
explained
how
experiments
in
psychology
can
reveal
hidden
biases
.
From
Ancient
Greek
‘
psukhē
’
meaning
‘
soul
,
mind
’
+
‘
-logia
’
meaning
‘
study
’.
noun
-
psychology
,
psychologies
the
way
a
particular
person
,
group
,
or
situation
tends
to
think
and
feel
•
The
coach
studied
the
opposing
team
’
s
psychology
to
predict
its
next
move
.
The
coach
studied
the
opposing
team
’
s
psychology
to
predict
its
next
move
.
•
You
need
to
understand
a
toddler
’
s
psychology
to
keep
them
calm
on
a
long
flight
.
You
need
to
understand
a
toddler
’
s
psychology
to
keep
them
calm
on
a
long
flight
.
Sense
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
as
people
began
applying
scientific
ideas
to
everyday
thinking
and
behavior
.
ideology
noun
-
ideology
,
ideologies
a
system
of
ideas
and
beliefs
that
guides
the
aims
and
actions
of
a
person
,
group
,
or
movement
•
The
revolutionary
group
adopted
a
new
ideology
centered
on
equality
and
freedom
.
The
revolutionary
group
adopted
a
new
ideology
centered
on
equality
and
freedom
.
•
Environmental
protection
is
at
the
heart
of
the
party
’
s
ideology
.
Environmental
protection
is
at
the
heart
of
the
party
’
s
ideology
.
early
19th-century
coinage
from
French
idéologie
,
originally
meaning
the
‘
science
of
ideas
’,
from
Greek
idea
‘
form
,
pattern
’
+
–logy
‘
study
’.
noun
-
ideology
,
ideologies
the
general
way
of
thinking
and
set
of
values
typical
of
a
society
,
culture
,
or
historical
period
•
The
dominant
ideology
of
the
1950s
emphasized
traditional
family
roles
.
The
dominant
ideology
of
the
1950s
emphasized
traditional
family
roles
.
•
Modern
business
ideology
often
values
innovation
over
stability
.
Modern
business
ideology
often
values
innovation
over
stability
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
French
idéologie
, ‘
science
of
ideas
’.
Over
time
it
came
to
mean
the
ideas
themselves
.
psychologist
noun
a
person
with
professional
training
in
psychology
who
studies
how
the
mind
works
and
helps
people
understand
and
improve
their
thoughts
,
feelings
,
and
behaviour
•
After
the
car
accident
,
Maria
started
seeing
a
psychologist
to
cope
with
her
anxiety
.
After
the
car
accident
,
Maria
started
seeing
a
psychologist
to
cope
with
her
anxiety
.
•
The
school
psychologist
spoke
to
the
students
about
managing
exam
stress
.
The
school
psychologist
spoke
to
the
students
about
managing
exam
stress
.
From
psycho-
+
-logist
;
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
mid-19th
century
.
apology
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
words
that
say
you
are
sorry
for
something
you
did
wrong
or
for
a
problem
you
caused
.
•
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
•
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
From
Late
Latin
apologia
“
a
defense
,
justification
,”
later
shifting
in
English
to
the
sense
of
saying
sorry
.
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
formal
spoken
or
written
defense
of
an
idea
,
belief
,
or
action
that
people
criticize
.
•
Plato
’
s
“
Apology
”
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
Plato
’
s
“
Apology
”
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
•
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
Sense
follows
the
original
Greek
apologia
“
a
speech
in
defense
.”
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
very
poor
or
inadequate
example
of
something
,
often
used
humorously
.
•
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
—
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
—
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
•
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
Developed
by
figurative
use
of
the
main
sense
,
suggesting
something
so
poor
that
it
must
itself
apologize
.
biology
noun
-
biology
,
biologies
the
scientific
study
of
living
things
,
including
how
plants
,
animals
,
and
microorganisms
grow
,
work
,
and
interact
•
Maria
has
always
loved
biology
,
so
she
decided
to
become
a
doctor
.
Maria
has
always
loved
biology
,
so
she
decided
to
become
a
doctor
.
•
Our
biology
teacher
showed
us
how
plants
make
food
through
photosynthesis
.
Our
biology
teacher
showed
us
how
plants
make
food
through
photosynthesis
.
From
Greek
“
bios
”
meaning
“
life
”
+
“
-logia
”
meaning
“
study
of
”,
through
Latin
“
biologia
”.
noun
-
biology
,
biologies
the
physical
and
chemical
processes
and
structures
that
make
up
a
particular
living
thing
or
group
of
living
things
•
The
unique
biology
of
camels
allows
them
to
survive
long
periods
without
water
.
The
unique
biology
of
camels
allows
them
to
survive
long
periods
without
water
.
•
Scientists
are
studying
the
biology
of
the
virus
to
create
a
vaccine
.
Scientists
are
studying
the
biology
of
the
virus
to
create
a
vaccine
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
Greek
“
bios
” (
life
)
+
“
-logia
” (
study
).
technological
adjective
relating
to
,
involving
,
or
resulting
from
modern
technology
,
machines
,
or
scientific
methods
•
The
company
invested
heavily
in
technological
innovation
to
stay
ahead
of
its
competitors
.
The
company
invested
heavily
in
technological
innovation
to
stay
ahead
of
its
competitors
.
•
Some
rural
areas
still
lack
the
technological
infrastructure
needed
for
high-speed
internet
.
Some
rural
areas
still
lack
the
technological
infrastructure
needed
for
high-speed
internet
.
From
technology
+
-ical
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
as
industrial
inventions
accelerated
during
the
Industrial
Revolution
.
theology
noun
-
theology
the
academic
study
that
explores
the
nature
of
God
,
religious
beliefs
,
and
spiritual
ideas
•
She
decided
to
study
theology
at
university
to
explore
different
religious
ideas
.
She
decided
to
study
theology
at
university
to
explore
different
religious
ideas
.
•
After
years
of
reading
,
he
felt
confident
enough
to
lecture
on
theology
.
After
years
of
reading
,
he
felt
confident
enough
to
lecture
on
theology
.
From
Latin
theologia
,
from
Greek
theologia
‘
discourse
on
the
gods
’,
from
theos
‘
god
’
+
-logia
‘
study
of
’.
noun
-
theology
,
theologies
a
particular
set
of
ideas
about
God
and
religious
belief
held
by
a
person
or
group
•
Liberation
theology
emphasizes
helping
the
poor
and
fighting
oppression
.
Liberation
theology
emphasizes
helping
the
poor
and
fighting
oppression
.
•
Different
Christian
denominations
have
distinct
theologies
.
Different
Christian
denominations
have
distinct
theologies
.
Extended
from
the
general
study
sense
to
mean
a
specific
religious
doctrine
from
the
16th
century
onward
.
ideological
adjective
relating
to
or
based
on
a
particular
set
of
ideas
,
beliefs
,
or
doctrines
,
especially
in
politics
or
society
•
The
two
parties
are
locked
in
an
ideological
battle
over
healthcare
reform
.
The
two
parties
are
locked
in
an
ideological
battle
over
healthcare
reform
.
•
Her
decisions
seemed
guided
more
by
ideological
purity
than
by
practical
concerns
.
Her
decisions
seemed
guided
more
by
ideological
purity
than
by
practical
concerns
.
From
ideology
+
-ical
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
.