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lack
verb
to
not
have
or
not
have
enough
of
something
that
is
needed
or
wanted
•
Many
rural
villages
lack
clean
drinking
water
.
Many
rural
villages
lack
clean
drinking
water
.
•
The
report
shows
that
small
businesses
often
lack
access
to
affordable
loans
.
The
report
shows
that
small
businesses
often
lack
access
to
affordable
loans
.
From
Middle
English
laken
“
to
be
wanting
”,
from
Old
Norse
laka
“
to
diminish
”.
verb
to
not
have
something
,
or
to
not
have
enough
of
it
•
They
lack
any
real
evidence
to
support
their
claim
.
They
lack
any
real
evidence
to
support
their
claim
.
•
The
garden
lacked
color
until
the
tulips
bloomed
.
The
garden
lacked
color
until
the
tulips
bloomed
.
noun
the
state
of
not
having
something
,
or
of
there
not
being
enough
of
it
•
There
was
a
serious
lack
of
food
after
the
storm
.
There
was
a
serious
lack
of
food
after
the
storm
.
•
His
project
failed
because
of
a
lack
of
planning
.
His
project
failed
because
of
a
lack
of
planning
.
noun
the
state
of
not
having
something
that
is
needed
or
wanted
•
There
is
a
serious
lack
of
affordable
housing
in
the
city
.
There
is
a
serious
lack
of
affordable
housing
in
the
city
.
•
The
project
was
delayed
because
of
a
lack
of
funding
.
The
project
was
delayed
because
of
a
lack
of
funding
.
Recorded
as
a
noun
since
the
14th
century
,
from
the
verb
“
lack
”.
place
noun
a
specific
area
or
position
where
someone
or
something
is
or
can
be
located
•
After
driving
for
hours
,
they
finally
found
a
safe
place
to
rest
by
the
river
.
After
driving
for
hours
,
they
finally
found
a
safe
place
to
rest
by
the
river
.
•
Mia
showed
the
visitors
a
secret
place
in
the
garden
where
rare
orchids
bloomed
.
Mia
showed
the
visitors
a
secret
place
in
the
garden
where
rare
orchids
bloomed
.
From
Old
French
“
place
”
meaning
square
or
courtyard
,
from
Latin
“
platea
”
meaning
broad
street
.
noun
a
particular
position
,
area
,
or
spot
where
someone
or
something
is
located
or
can
be
located
•
Please
mark
the
place
where
the
treasure
is
buried
on
the
map
.
Please
mark
the
place
where
the
treasure
is
buried
on
the
map
.
•
The
cat
chose
a
sunny
place
by
the
window
to
nap
.
The
cat
chose
a
sunny
place
by
the
window
to
nap
.
noun
someone
’
s
home
or
the
building
where
they
live
•
Do
you
want
to
come
over
to
my
place
for
dinner
tonight
?
Do
you
want
to
come
over
to
my
place
for
dinner
tonight
?
•
They
bought
a
new
place
near
the
beach
last
year
.
They
bought
a
new
place
near
the
beach
last
year
.
verb
-
place
,
placing
,
places
,
placed
to
put
something
or
someone
in
a
particular
position
•
She
carefully
placed
the
vase
on
the
highest
shelf
.
She
carefully
placed
the
vase
on
the
highest
shelf
.
•
Please
place
your
bags
under
the
seat
in
front
of
you
.
Please
place
your
bags
under
the
seat
in
front
of
you
.
noun
a
seat
kept
for
a
particular
person
at
a
table
,
event
,
or
vehicle
•
Julia
saved
a
place
for
her
friend
at
the
dinner
table
.
Julia
saved
a
place
for
her
friend
at
the
dinner
table
.
•
There
was
no
empty
place
left
on
the
bus
.
There
was
no
empty
place
left
on
the
bus
.
noun
a
town
,
city
,
village
,
or
other
inhabited
area
,
often
when
its
specific
name
is
not
mentioned
•
I
grew
up
in
a
quiet
place
by
the
sea
.
I
grew
up
in
a
quiet
place
by
the
sea
.
•
Let's
find
a
nicer
place
to
stop
for
lunch
.
Let's
find
a
nicer
place
to
stop
for
lunch
.
verb
-
place
,
placing
,
places
,
placed
to
put
someone
or
something
carefully
in
a
particular
position
•
She
placed
the
vase
on
the
shelf
.
She
placed
the
vase
on
the
shelf
.
•
The
coach
places
the
cones
in
a
straight
line
.
The
coach
places
the
cones
in
a
straight
line
.
noun
the
seat
or
position
that
someone
or
something
occupies
in
a
line
,
order
,
or
competition
•
She
held
her
place
in
the
queue
even
when
people
tried
to
cut
in
.
She
held
her
place
in
the
queue
even
when
people
tried
to
cut
in
.
•
Our
team
finished
in
second
place
at
the
regional
finals
.
Our
team
finished
in
second
place
at
the
regional
finals
.
noun
an
available
seat
or
position
that
someone
can
take
on
a
course
,
team
,
or
event
•
There
are
only
five
places
left
on
the
summer
camp
.
There
are
only
five
places
left
on
the
summer
camp
.
•
He
earned
a
place
on
the
national
swimming
team
.
He
earned
a
place
on
the
national
swimming
team
.
noun
a
position
or
rank
in
an
order
,
competition
,
or
list
•
She
won
first
place
in
the
spelling
bee
.
She
won
first
place
in
the
spelling
bee
.
•
Our
team
finished
in
second
place
this
season
.
Our
team
finished
in
second
place
this
season
.
noun
-
place
the
role
or
position
that
someone
has
in
a
group
,
situation
,
or
society
•
She
is
still
trying
to
find
her
place
in
the
new
company
.
She
is
still
trying
to
find
her
place
in
the
new
company
.
•
It
is
not
my
place
to
tell
you
how
to
live
your
life
.
It
is
not
my
place
to
tell
you
how
to
live
your
life
.
verb
-
place
,
placing
,
places
,
placed
to
finish
a
race
or
competition
in
a
particular
position
•
Our
horse
placed
second
in
the
final
race
.
Our
horse
placed
second
in
the
final
race
.
•
If
you
place
in
the
top
three
,
you
qualify
for
the
next
round
.
If
you
place
in
the
top
three
,
you
qualify
for
the
next
round
.
black
adjective
-
black
,
blacker
,
blackest
having
the
very
dark
colour
of
coal
or
night
•
She
wore
a
beautiful
black
dress
to
the
party
.
She
wore
a
beautiful
black
dress
to
the
party
.
•
A
black
cat
sat
on
the
windowsill
watching
the
birds
outside
.
A
black
cat
sat
on
the
windowsill
watching
the
birds
outside
.
Old
English
blæc
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*blakaz
meaning
"
burned
"
or
"
dark
".
adjective
-
black
,
blacker
,
blackest
having
the
darkest
colour
,
like
coal
or
the
night
•
The
little
girl
chose
a
black
dress
for
the
party
.
The
little
girl
chose
a
black
dress
for
the
party
.
•
At
night
the
sky
turned
almost
black
without
any
stars
.
At
night
the
sky
turned
almost
black
without
any
stars
.
noun
the
darkest
colour
•
Mixing
all
the
paints
together
often
produces
black
.
Mixing
all
the
paints
together
often
produces
black
.
•
Her
favorite
color
is
black
.
Her
favorite
color
is
black
.
noun
-
black
the
darkest
colour
,
like
coal
or
night
•
She
painted
the
background
in
deep
black
.
She
painted
the
background
in
deep
black
.
•
The
printer
ran
out
of
black
.
The
printer
ran
out
of
black
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
;
noun
use
recorded
since
the
13th
century
.
adjective
-
black
,
blacker
,
blackest
describing
coffee
or
tea
served
plain
,
without
milk
or
cream
•
I
always
drink
my
coffee
black
to
taste
the
beans
.
I
always
drink
my
coffee
black
to
taste
the
beans
.
•
She
ordered
a
black
Americano
at
the
café
.
She
ordered
a
black
Americano
at
the
café
.
verb
to
make
something
black
or
very
dark
•
Smoke
from
the
fireplace
blacked
the
ceiling
.
Smoke
from
the
fireplace
blacked
the
ceiling
.
•
Workers
are
blacking
the
metal
parts
with
paint
to
prevent
rust
.
Workers
are
blacking
the
metal
parts
with
paint
to
prevent
rust
.
From
the
adjective
;
verb
use
attested
since
the
late
16th
century
.
verb
-
black
,
blacking
,
blacks
,
blacked
to
make
something
become
black
or
very
dark
,
or
to
become
that
way
itself
•
Smoke
from
the
candle
began
to
black
the
ceiling
.
Smoke
from
the
candle
began
to
black
the
ceiling
.
•
The
silver
quickly
blacked
when
it
was
left
in
the
air
.
The
silver
quickly
blacked
when
it
was
left
in
the
air
.
Black
adjective
relating
to
people
who
have
dark
skin
,
especially
of
African
heritage
•
Maya
Angelou
is
a
celebrated
Black
writer
and
poet
.
Maya
Angelou
is
a
celebrated
Black
writer
and
poet
.
•
In
February
,
the
school
held
events
to
honour
Black
History
Month
.
In
February
,
the
school
held
events
to
honour
Black
History
Month
.
Capitalised
use
for
ethnic
identity
emerged
in
the
mid-20th
century
civil-rights
era
.
noun
a
person
who
belongs
to
a
racial
group
with
African
ancestry
•
She
is
a
pioneering
Black
scientist
who
mentors
young
students
.
She
is
a
pioneering
Black
scientist
who
mentors
young
students
.
•
The
panel
included
a
Black
historian
and
a
white
journalist
.
The
panel
included
a
Black
historian
and
a
white
journalist
.
replace
verb
-
replace
,
replacing
,
replaces
,
replaced
to
put
something
back
to
its
original
position
•
Please
replace
the
book
on
the
shelf
when
you
’
re
done
.
Please
replace
the
book
on
the
shelf
when
you
’
re
done
.
•
After
using
the
tools
,
she
carefully
replaced
them
in
the
drawer
.
After
using
the
tools
,
she
carefully
replaced
them
in
the
drawer
.
verb
-
replace
,
replacing
,
replaces
,
replaced
to
take
the
place
of
something
or
someone
and
perform
the
same
job
,
role
,
or
function
•
Email
has
largely
replaced
traditional
letters
for
everyday
communication
.
Email
has
largely
replaced
traditional
letters
for
everyday
communication
.
•
The
factory
installed
robots
that
replaced
many
manual
tasks
.
The
factory
installed
robots
that
replaced
many
manual
tasks
.
From
Middle
French
remplacer
,
from
re-
“
again
”
+
placer
“
to
place
”.
verb
-
replace
,
replacing
,
replaces
,
replaced
to
provide
something
new
instead
of
something
old
,
damaged
,
or
lost
•
The
technician
replaced
the
cracked
phone
screen
with
a
new
one
.
The
technician
replaced
the
cracked
phone
screen
with
a
new
one
.
•
Could
you
replace
these
batteries
?
They
’
re
dead
.
Could
you
replace
these
batteries
?
They
’
re
dead
.
galaxy
noun
-
galaxy
,
galaxies
A
huge
collection
of
billions
of
stars
,
gas
,
dust
,
and
unseen
dark
matter
held
together
by
gravity
and
moving
through
space
as
a
single
system
.
•
Through
the
telescope
,
Maria
could
see
the
spiral
arms
of
a
distant
galaxy
.
Through
the
telescope
,
Maria
could
see
the
spiral
arms
of
a
distant
galaxy
.
•
Scientists
believe
that
our
galaxy
contains
hundreds
of
billions
of
stars
.
Scientists
believe
that
our
galaxy
contains
hundreds
of
billions
of
stars
.
From
Old
French
galaxie
,
from
Medieval
Latin
galaxia
,
from
Ancient
Greek
galaxías
(
κύκλος
) ‘(
milky
)
circle
’,
referring
to
the
Milky
Way
.
noun
-
galaxy
,
galaxies
A
large
and
impressive
group
of
famous
,
talented
,
or
remarkable
people
or
things
.
•
The
award
ceremony
featured
a
galaxy
of
movie
stars
on
the
red
carpet
.
The
award
ceremony
featured
a
galaxy
of
movie
stars
on
the
red
carpet
.
•
The
museum
’
s
new
exhibition
gathers
a
galaxy
of
priceless
Renaissance
masterpieces
.
The
museum
’
s
new
exhibition
gathers
a
galaxy
of
priceless
Renaissance
masterpieces
.
Figurative
use
recorded
since
the
mid-19th
century
,
extending
the
astronomical
sense
to
a
dazzling
assembly
of
illustrious
figures
.
replacement
noun
the
act
of
putting
someone
or
something
new
in
the
place
of
what
was
there
before
•
The
replacement
of
the
broken
window
took
only
an
hour
.
The
replacement
of
the
broken
window
took
only
an
hour
.
•
Software
updates
often
involve
the
gradual
replacement
of
old
code
.
Software
updates
often
involve
the
gradual
replacement
of
old
code
.
formed
from
replace
+
the
noun
suffix
-ment
in
the
mid-17th
century
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
takes
the
place
of
another
•
When
our
teacher
got
sick
,
a
replacement
arrived
the
next
day
.
When
our
teacher
got
sick
,
a
replacement
arrived
the
next
day
.
•
This
battery
is
a
cheap
replacement
for
the
original
.
This
battery
is
a
cheap
replacement
for
the
original
.
formed
from
replace
+
the
noun
suffix
-ment
in
the
mid-17th
century