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π
bed
noun
a
piece
of
furniture
with
a
mattress
,
pillows
,
and
covers
where
a
person
sleeps
β’
After
a
long
day
of
hiking
,
Maria
fell
onto
her
soft
bed
and
sighed
with
relief
.
After
a
long
day
of
hiking
,
Maria
fell
onto
her
soft
bed
and
sighed
with
relief
.
β’
The
cat
curled
up
at
the
foot
of
my
bed
and
purred
all
night
.
The
cat
curled
up
at
the
foot
of
my
bed
and
purred
all
night
.
Old
English
"
bedd
",
originally
meaning
a
place
to
lie
down
;
related
to
German
"
Bett
".
noun
a
prepared
area
of
soil
for
growing
flowers
or
vegetables
β’
Grandma
planted
bright
tulips
in
the
flower
bed
by
the
porch
.
Grandma
planted
bright
tulips
in
the
flower
bed
by
the
porch
.
β’
We
added
fresh
compost
to
the
vegetable
bed
before
sowing
seeds
.
We
added
fresh
compost
to
the
vegetable
bed
before
sowing
seeds
.
From
the
idea
of
a
bed
as
a
flat
resting
place
,
later
applied
to
a
prepared
patch
of
earth
for
plants
.
noun
the
ground
at
the
bottom
of
a
river
,
lake
,
or
sea
β’
During
the
drought
,
parts
of
the
river
bed
were
exposed
and
cracked
.
During
the
drought
,
parts
of
the
river
bed
were
exposed
and
cracked
.
β’
Scientists
collected
samples
from
the
ocean
bed
to
study
marine
life
.
Scientists
collected
samples
from
the
ocean
bed
to
study
marine
life
.
Extension
of
the
basic
sense
of
a
place
to
lie
down
,
first
recorded
for
river
bottoms
in
Middle
English
.
noun
a
layer
of
material
such
as
rock
,
concrete
,
or
compressed
matter
lying
flat
under
another
material
β’
A
thin
bed
of
limestone
runs
between
the
layers
of
sandstone
.
A
thin
bed
of
limestone
runs
between
the
layers
of
sandstone
.
β’
Engineers
poured
a
concrete
bed
before
laying
the
tiles
.
Engineers
poured
a
concrete
bed
before
laying
the
tiles
.
Specialized
geological
sense
recorded
from
the
17th
century
,
extending
the
idea
of
a
flat
resting
place
.
verb
-
bed
,
bedding
,
beds
,
bedded
to
place
or
set
something
firmly
or
comfortably
in
a
supporting
surface
or
material
β’
The
gardener
bedded
the
young
plants
in
rich
soil
to
protect
their
roots
.
The
gardener
bedded
the
young
plants
in
rich
soil
to
protect
their
roots
.
β’
Workers
carefully
bed
the
pipes
in
sand
to
prevent
damage
.
Workers
carefully
bed
the
pipes
in
sand
to
prevent
damage
.
Verb
use
from
Middle
English
,
meaning
β
to
provide
with
a
bed
;
lay
in
a
resting
place
β.
bedroom
noun
a
room
in
a
house
or
apartment
where
people
sleep
β’
Tom
kept
his
guitar
in
his
bedroom
.
Tom
kept
his
guitar
in
his
bedroom
.
β’
The
new
apartment
has
a
bright
bedroom
with
a
balcony
.
The
new
apartment
has
a
bright
bedroom
with
a
balcony
.
From
bed
+β
room
;
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
late
14th
century
.
adjective
connected
with
sexual
or
romantic
activity
,
especially
in
a
private
setting
β’
The
actor
gave
the
camera
his
famous
bedroom
stare
.
The
actor
gave
the
camera
his
famous
bedroom
stare
.
β’
The
play
was
a
witty
bedroom
farce
about
mistaken
identities
.
The
play
was
a
witty
bedroom
farce
about
mistaken
identities
.
Extension
of
the
noun
sense
,
first
used
attributively
in
the
early
20th
century
.
club
verb
-
club
,
clubbing
,
clubs
,
clubbed
to
hit
someone
or
something
with
a
heavy
stick
β’
The
guard
clubbed
the
intruder
on
the
arm
to
stop
him
.
The
guard
clubbed
the
intruder
on
the
arm
to
stop
him
.
β’
Fishermen
once
clubbed
seals
,
a
practice
now
banned
in
many
countries
.
Fishermen
once
clubbed
seals
,
a
practice
now
banned
in
many
countries
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
noun
meaning
β
heavy
stick
,β
recorded
from
the
14th
century
.
describe
verb
-
describe
,
describing
,
describes
,
described
to
give
a
clear
and
detailed
account
of
what
someone
or
something
is
like
,
using
spoken
or
written
words
β’
The
witness
described
the
suspect
β
s
appearance
to
the
police
officer
.
The
witness
described
the
suspect
β
s
appearance
to
the
police
officer
.
β’
Can
you
describe
the
taste
of
this
exotic
fruit
?
Can
you
describe
the
taste
of
this
exotic
fruit
?
Late
Middle
English
from
Latin
β
describere
βββ
de
β (
down
)
+
β
scribere
β (
write
):
originally
β
write
down
β.
verb
-
describe
,
describing
,
describes
,
described
in
geometry
,
to
draw
or
trace
a
shape
,
line
,
or
figure
,
especially
with
a
tool
β’
Using
a
compass
,
the
student
described
a
perfect
circle
on
the
graph
paper
.
Using
a
compass
,
the
student
described
a
perfect
circle
on
the
graph
paper
.
β’
The
rocket
β
s
path
described
an
elegant
arc
across
the
night
sky
.
The
rocket
β
s
path
described
an
elegant
arc
across
the
night
sky
.
The
sense
of
β
draw
a
geometrical
figure
β
arose
in
the
late
16th
century
,
extending
the
original
idea
of
β
setting
down
in
detail
β.
grab
verb
-
grab
,
grabbing
,
grabs
,
grabbed
to
quickly
take
hold
of
someone
or
something
with
your
hand
β’
The
boy
grabbed
his
mother's
hand
before
crossing
the
street
.
The
boy
grabbed
his
mother's
hand
before
crossing
the
street
.
β’
She
leaned
forward
and
grabbed
the
falling
vase
just
in
time
.
She
leaned
forward
and
grabbed
the
falling
vase
just
in
time
.
From
Middle
English
grabben
,
from
Low
German
grabben
β
to
seize
.β
verb
-
grab
,
grabbing
,
grabs
,
grabbed
to
get
or
take
something
quickly
,
especially
because
you
are
in
a
hurry
or
it
is
convenient
β’
Let's
grab
a
slice
of
pizza
before
the
movie
starts
.
Let's
grab
a
slice
of
pizza
before
the
movie
starts
.
β’
I
only
had
time
to
grab
my
keys
and
run
out
the
door
.
I
only
had
time
to
grab
my
keys
and
run
out
the
door
.
verb
-
grab
,
grabbing
,
grabs
,
grabbed
to
attract
or
capture
someone's
attention
or
interest
suddenly
and
strongly
β’
The
bright
cover
grabbed
my
attention
in
the
bookstore
.
The
bright
cover
grabbed
my
attention
in
the
bookstore
.
β’
The
opening
scene
of
the
film
grabs
the
audience
immediately
.
The
opening
scene
of
the
film
grabs
the
audience
immediately
.
climb
verb
-
climb
,
climbing
,
climbs
,
climbed
to
move
upward
using
your
hands
and
feet
,
especially
on
a
tree
,
ladder
,
or
steep
place
β’
The
little
boy
began
to
climb
the
tall
oak
tree
in
the
backyard
.
The
little
boy
began
to
climb
the
tall
oak
tree
in
the
backyard
.
β’
Use
both
hands
when
you
climb
the
ladder
to
fix
the
roof
tiles
.
Use
both
hands
when
you
climb
the
ladder
to
fix
the
roof
tiles
.
Old
English
"
climban
"
meaning
β
to
ascend
,β
related
to
Old
High
German
"
klimban
".
verb
-
climb
,
climbing
,
climbs
,
climbed
to
go
up
something
such
as
a
mountain
,
stairs
,
or
wall
by
using
effort
β’
They
plan
to
climb
Mount
Kilimanjaro
next
summer
.
They
plan
to
climb
Mount
Kilimanjaro
next
summer
.
β’
Firefighters
climb
the
ladder
to
rescue
the
cat
stuck
on
the
roof
.
Firefighters
climb
the
ladder
to
rescue
the
cat
stuck
on
the
roof
.
verb
-
climb
,
climbing
,
climbs
,
climbed
to
increase
steadily
in
amount
,
level
,
or
value
β’
Housing
prices
continue
to
climb
in
the
city
.
Housing
prices
continue
to
climb
in
the
city
.
β’
The
temperature
will
climb
to
35
Β°C
this
afternoon
.
The
temperature
will
climb
to
35
Β°C
this
afternoon
.
verb
-
climb
,
climbing
,
climbs
,
climbed
(
of
a
plant
)
to
grow
upward
by
attaching
itself
to
a
support
β’
The
ivy
will
climb
the
brick
wall
if
you
let
it
.
The
ivy
will
climb
the
brick
wall
if
you
let
it
.
β’
Morning-glory
vines
climb
by
wrapping
around
nearby
stems
.
Morning-glory
vines
climb
by
wrapping
around
nearby
stems
.
bomb
verb
to
attack
a
place
or
people
by
dropping
bombs
β’
The
air
force
bombed
the
enemy
supply
lines
overnight
.
The
air
force
bombed
the
enemy
supply
lines
overnight
.
β’
Planes
threatened
to
bomb
the
city
if
talks
failed
.
Planes
threatened
to
bomb
the
city
if
talks
failed
.
verb
to
perform
or
do
very
badly
,
especially
in
a
test
,
performance
,
or
business
β’
I
totally
bombed
the
math
test
.
I
totally
bombed
the
math
test
.
β’
The
singer
feared
she
would
bomb
on
stage
.
The
singer
feared
she
would
bomb
on
stage
.
verb
to
move
very
fast
,
often
in
a
reckless
or
carefree
way
β’
We
bombed
down
the
mountain
on
our
bikes
.
We
bombed
down
the
mountain
on
our
bikes
.
β’
The
kids
love
to
bomb
around
the
playground
after
school
.
The
kids
love
to
bomb
around
the
playground
after
school
.
rub
verb
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
to
move
your
hand
or
another
object
backwards
and
forwards
over
something
while
pressing
it
β’
She
rubbed
the
foggy
mirror
until
it
became
clear
.
She
rubbed
the
foggy
mirror
until
it
became
clear
.
β’
The
little
boy
rubbed
his
hands
together
to
warm
them
in
the
winter
air
.
The
little
boy
rubbed
his
hands
together
to
warm
them
in
the
winter
air
.
Old
English
"
rubban
"
probably
from
Low
German
"
rubben
",
meaning
to
scrape
or
scratch
.
noun
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
,
rubby
,
rubbier
,
rubbiest
an
act
of
moving
something
over
a
surface
with
pressure
β’
Give
the
table
a
quick
rub
with
the
cloth
.
Give
the
table
a
quick
rub
with
the
cloth
.
β’
My
shoulders
felt
better
after
a
gentle
rub
.
My
shoulders
felt
better
after
a
gentle
rub
.
verb
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
to
spread
a
substance
such
as
cream
,
oil
,
or
salt
onto
a
surface
by
moving
it
firmly
back
and
forth
β’
He
rubbed
sunscreen
on
his
arms
before
swimming
.
He
rubbed
sunscreen
on
his
arms
before
swimming
.
β’
The
chef
rubbed
salt
into
the
fresh
fish
.
The
chef
rubbed
salt
into
the
fresh
fish
.
noun
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
a
dry
mixture
of
ground
spices
spread
over
meat
before
cooking
to
add
flavor
β’
The
cook
covered
the
ribs
with
a
spicy
rub
.
The
cook
covered
the
ribs
with
a
spicy
rub
.
β’
Mix
paprika
,
garlic
,
and
sugar
to
make
a
sweet
barbecue
rub
.
Mix
paprika
,
garlic
,
and
sugar
to
make
a
sweet
barbecue
rub
.
noun
-
rub
,
rubbing
,
rubs
,
rubbed
a
difficulty
or
problem
that
makes
something
harder
than
expected
β’
We
can
finish
the
project
,
but
here
β
s
the
rub
β
we
need
more
money
.
We
can
finish
the
project
,
but
here
β
s
the
rub
β
we
need
more
money
.
β’
The
plan
sounds
great
;
the
rub
is
that
no
one
has
a
car
.
The
plan
sounds
great
;
the
rub
is
that
no
one
has
a
car
.
absorb
verb
to
soak
up
or
take
in
a
liquid
,
gas
,
or
form
of
energy
so
that
it
becomes
part
of
something
β’
The
thick
towel
quickly
absorbed
the
pool
water
from
the
boy
β
s
hair
.
The
thick
towel
quickly
absorbed
the
pool
water
from
the
boy
β
s
hair
.
β’
Dark
pavement
absorbs
heat
from
the
sun
,
making
city
streets
hotter
in
summer
.
Dark
pavement
absorbs
heat
from
the
sun
,
making
city
streets
hotter
in
summer
.
From
Latin
absorbere
β
swallow
up
β,
from
ab-
β
away
,
up
β
+
sorbere
β
suck
in
β.
verb
to
take
in
information
or
ideas
and
understand
them
fully
β’
It
was
hard
for
the
tired
students
to
absorb
all
the
details
of
the
long
lecture
.
It
was
hard
for
the
tired
students
to
absorb
all
the
details
of
the
long
lecture
.
β’
Children
absorb
languages
more
quickly
than
adults
.
Children
absorb
languages
more
quickly
than
adults
.
verb
to
take
up
all
of
someone
β
s
attention
,
time
,
or
interest
β’
The
exciting
video
game
completely
absorbed
the
boy
for
hours
.
The
exciting
video
game
completely
absorbed
the
boy
for
hours
.
β’
Her
new
project
absorbs
most
of
her
free
time
.
Her
new
project
absorbs
most
of
her
free
time
.
verb
to
accept
the
cost
,
change
,
or
shock
of
something
without
passing
it
on
β’
The
company
agreed
to
absorb
the
shipping
costs
for
international
customers
.
The
company
agreed
to
absorb
the
shipping
costs
for
international
customers
.
β’
New
safety
barriers
are
designed
to
absorb
the
impact
of
a
collision
.
New
safety
barriers
are
designed
to
absorb
the
impact
of
a
collision
.
verb
to
take
something
or
someone
into
a
larger
group
so
that
it
becomes
part
of
it
β’
The
larger
firm
absorbed
its
smaller
competitor
in
a
friendly
merger
.
The
larger
firm
absorbed
its
smaller
competitor
in
a
friendly
merger
.
β’
The
growing
city
eventually
absorbed
the
nearby
villages
.
The
growing
city
eventually
absorbed
the
nearby
villages
.
bombing
verb
actively
dropping
or
exploding
bombs
on
a
place
or
target
β’
Fighter
jets
were
bombing
the
enemy
supply
routes
along
the
river
.
Fighter
jets
were
bombing
the
enemy
supply
routes
along
the
river
.
β’
The
commander
ordered
nonstop
bombing
to
cut
off
reinforcements
.
The
commander
ordered
nonstop
bombing
to
cut
off
reinforcements
.
Present
participle
of
the
verb
β
bomb
,β
which
comes
from
the
French
β
bombe
,β
ultimately
from
Latin
β
bombus
,β
meaning
a
deep
,
booming
sound
.
verb
performing
very
badly
or
failing
completely
,
especially
in
entertainment
or
business
β’
The
comedian
realized
his
new
joke
was
bombing
when
no
one
laughed
.
The
comedian
realized
his
new
joke
was
bombing
when
no
one
laughed
.
β’
Despite
the
star
cast
,
the
expensive
movie
is
bombing
at
the
box
office
.
Despite
the
star
cast
,
the
expensive
movie
is
bombing
at
the
box
office
.
Extension
of
the
verb
β
bomb
β
meaning
β
to
explode
,β
transferred
figuratively
in
the
mid-20th
century
to
describe
a
performance
that
collapses
like
a
failed
explosive
.
thumb
verb
to
quickly
turn
the
pages
of
a
book
,
magazine
,
or
stack
of
papers
with
your
thumb
to
look
through
them
briefly
β’
While
waiting
for
the
train
,
Maya
thumbed through
a
travel
guide
to
plan
her
next
stop
.
While
waiting
for
the
train
,
Maya
thumbed through
a
travel
guide
to
plan
her
next
stop
.
β’
The
detective
thumbed through
the
file
until
he
found
the
missing
photograph
.
The
detective
thumbed through
the
file
until
he
found
the
missing
photograph
.
verb
to
try
to
get
a
free
ride
in
a
passing
vehicle
by
standing
at
the
side
of
a
road
with
your
arm
out
and
thumb
raised
β’
With
no
bus
money
,
Tom
stood
by
the
highway
and
thumbed a ride
to
the
next
town
.
With
no
bus
money
,
Tom
stood
by
the
highway
and
thumbed a ride
to
the
next
town
.
β’
During
their
gap
year
,
the
two
friends
thumbed
across
Europe
,
meeting
generous
drivers
along
the
way
.
During
their
gap
year
,
the
two
friends
thumbed
across
Europe
,
meeting
generous
drivers
along
the
way
.
cab
verb
-
cab
,
cabbing
,
cabs
,
cabbed
to
travel
somewhere
by
taxi
β’
Let's
cab
to
the
concert
so
we
don't
get
wet
.
Let's
cab
to
the
concert
so
we
don't
get
wet
.
β’
They
decided
to
cab
home
after
the
movie
ended
late
.
They
decided
to
cab
home
after
the
movie
ended
late
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
noun
meaning
β
hire
a
cab
,β
first
recorded
in
the
early
20th
century
.
rob
verb
-
rob
,
robbing
,
robs
,
robbed
to
take
money
or
property
from
a
person
or
place
illegally
,
often
using
force
or
the
threat
of
force
β’
The
masked
thief
tried
to
rob
the
small
corner
store
at
night
.
The
masked
thief
tried
to
rob
the
small
corner
store
at
night
.
β’
Police
arrested
two
men
who
had
robbed
several
tourists
near
the
museum
.
Police
arrested
two
men
who
had
robbed
several
tourists
near
the
museum
.
From
Old
French
rober
β
to
steal
,
plunder
,β
from
Proto-Germanic
*raubΕnΔ
β
to
rob
,β
related
to
English
β
reave
.β
verb
-
rob
,
robbing
,
robs
,
robbed
to
unfairly
take
something
valuable
or
important
away
from
someone
,
so
they
no
longer
have
it
β’
The
injury
robbed
the
athlete
of
her
chance
to
compete
in
the
Olympics
.
The
injury
robbed
the
athlete
of
her
chance
to
compete
in
the
Olympics
.
β’
Noise
from
the
construction
site
robs
me
of
sleep
every
night
.
Noise
from
the
construction
site
robs
me
of
sleep
every
night
.
Same
origin
as
primary
sense
:
influence
of
figurative
usage
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
disturbing
verb
interrupting
what
someone
is
doing
or
the
normal
state
of
something
β’
Sorry
for
disturbing
you
so
late
at
night
.
Sorry
for
disturbing
you
so
late
at
night
.
β’
The
construction
work
was
disturbing
the
patient's
rest
.
The
construction
work
was
disturbing
the
patient's
rest
.