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π
but
conjunction
used
to
join
two
statements
and
show
that
the
second
one
contrasts
with
or
limits
the
first
β’
I
wanted
to
play
outside
,
but
it
was
raining
hard
.
I
wanted
to
play
outside
,
but
it
was
raining
hard
.
β’
She
studied
all
night
,
but
she
still
fell
asleep
in
class
.
She
studied
all
night
,
but
she
still
fell
asleep
in
class
.
Old
English
β
butan
β
meaning
β
outside
,
without
,
except
,
unless
β.
preposition
except
;
other
than
β’
Everyone
but
Lisa
was
singing
along
.
Everyone
but
Lisa
was
singing
along
.
β’
The
museum
is
open
daily
but
Monday
.
The
museum
is
open
daily
but
Monday
.
From
Old
English
β
butan
,β β
outside
β
or
β
without
.β
adverb
only
;
just
β’
It
was
but
a
scratch
on
the
car
door
.
It
was
but
a
scratch
on
the
car
door
.
β’
He
is
but
a
child
and
doesn
β
t
understand
.
He
is
but
a
child
and
doesn
β
t
understand
.
Derived
from
earlier
use
meaning
"
outside
of
"
that
narrowed
to
"
no
more
than
".
noun
an
objection
or
excuse
that
stops
something
from
happening
β’
Finish
your
homework
β
no
buts
.
Finish
your
homework
β
no
buts
.
β’
She
agreed
without
a
single
but
.
She
agreed
without
a
single
but
.
From
the
conjunction
sense
,
figuratively
extended
in
the
17th
century
to
mean
β
objection
.β
button
noun
a
small
,
usually
round
object
that
you
push
through
a
hole
or
loop
to
fasten
clothes
or
pieces
of
cloth
together
β’
She
sewed
a
new
button
onto
her
coat
after
the
old
one
fell
off
.
She
sewed
a
new
button
onto
her
coat
after
the
old
one
fell
off
.
β’
The
baby
loved
playing
with
the
bright
red
buttons
on
his
father's
shirt
.
The
baby
loved
playing
with
the
bright
red
buttons
on
his
father's
shirt
.
Middle
English
botoun
,
from
Old
French
boton
(β
bud
;
knob
β).
noun
a
small
part
on
a
machine
or
device
that
you
press
to
make
it
start
,
stop
,
or
do
something
β’
Press
the
green
button
to
start
the
machine
.
Press
the
green
button
to
start
the
machine
.
β’
The
elevator's
emergency
button
is
bright
red
and
easy
to
see
.
The
elevator's
emergency
button
is
bright
red
and
easy
to
see
.
Transferred
sense
from
the
clothing
fastener
to
any
small
pressable
knob
(
late
19th
c
.).
verb
-
button
,
buttoning
,
buttons
,
buttoned
to
fasten
or
close
something
by
pushing
buttons
through
the
matching
holes
or
loops
β’
It's
cold
outside
,
so
button
your
coat
before
you
leave
.
It's
cold
outside
,
so
button
your
coat
before
you
leave
.
β’
She
buttoned
the
baby's
tiny
sweater
carefully
.
She
buttoned
the
baby's
tiny
sweater
carefully
.
From
the
noun
sense
of
the
clothing
fastener
,
recorded
as
a
verb
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
clickable
icon
on
a
computer
,
phone
,
or
website
screen
that
you
tap
or
click
to
perform
an
action
β’
Click
the
'Submit'
button
to
send
your
application
.
Click
the
'Submit'
button
to
send
your
application
.
β’
The
mute
button
on
my
phone's
screen
turns
the
microphone
off
.
The
mute
button
on
my
phone's
screen
turns
the
microphone
off
.
Extended
metaphor
from
physical
buttons
to
virtual
ones
with
the
rise
of
graphical
user
interfaces
in
the
1980s
.
butter
noun
-
butter
a
pale
yellow
,
creamy
food
made
by
churning
cream
,
eaten
as
a
spread
or
used
in
cooking
β’
At
breakfast
,
Mia
spread
butter
on
her
toast
while
the
coffee
brewed
.
At
breakfast
,
Mia
spread
butter
on
her
toast
while
the
coffee
brewed
.
β’
The
recipe
says
to
melt
butter
in
a
pan
before
adding
the
onions
.
The
recipe
says
to
melt
butter
in
a
pan
before
adding
the
onions
.
Old
English
β
butere
β,
from
Latin
β
butyrum
β,
ultimately
from
Greek
β
bouturon
β
meaning
cow
cheese
.
verb
to
spread
butter
on
food
or
to
coat
something
with
butter
β’
She
carefully
buttered
each
slice
of
warm
bread
for
the
picnic
.
She
carefully
buttered
each
slice
of
warm
bread
for
the
picnic
.
β’
The
chef
buttered
the
sizzling
steak
to
give
it
a
rich
flavor
.
The
chef
buttered
the
sizzling
steak
to
give
it
a
rich
flavor
.
Verb
sense
comes
from
the
noun
,
first
recorded
in
late
Middle
English
.
buttocks
noun
the
two
rounded
,
fleshy
parts
at
the
back
of
the
hips
on
which
a
person
sits
β’
The
toddler
slipped
on
the
grass
and
landed
on
his
buttocks
,
but
he
burst
into
giggles
.
The
toddler
slipped
on
the
grass
and
landed
on
his
buttocks
,
but
he
burst
into
giggles
.
β’
The
physiotherapist
showed
Ben
exercises
to
strengthen
the
muscles
in
his
buttocks
and
thighs
.
The
physiotherapist
showed
Ben
exercises
to
strengthen
the
muscles
in
his
buttocks
and
thighs
.
butt
noun
the
part
of
the
body
that
you
sit
on
;
your
bottom
β’
Max
slipped
on
the
ice
and
landed
right
on
his
butt
.
Max
slipped
on
the
ice
and
landed
right
on
his
butt
.
β’
After
hours
of
driving
,
my
butt
was
numb
.
After
hours
of
driving
,
my
butt
was
numb
.
From
Middle
English
butte
,
probably
from
Old
French
but
"
target
,
end
";
over
time
the
sense
shifted
to
mean
the
rear
end
of
something
,
eventually
a
person
β
s
backside
.
noun
the
small
,
burned
end
of
a
cigarette
or
cigar
that
remains
after
most
of
it
has
been
smoked
β’
He
flicked
the
cigarette
butt
into
the
ashtray
.
He
flicked
the
cigarette
butt
into
the
ashtray
.
β’
Please
don
β
t
drop
your
butts
on
the
sidewalk
.
Please
don
β
t
drop
your
butts
on
the
sidewalk
.
Extension
of
earlier
sense
β
end
or
remainder
of
something
.β
Recorded
in
this
meaning
since
the
late
19th
century
,
after
cigarettes
became
common
.
verb
-
butt
,
butting
,
butts
,
butted
to
hit
,
push
,
or
knock
something
or
someone
with
the
head
or
horns
β’
The
angry
goat
butted
the
fence
with
its
horns
.
The
angry
goat
butted
the
fence
with
its
horns
.
β’
The
players
accidentally
butted
heads
going
for
the
ball
.
The
players
accidentally
butted
heads
going
for
the
ball
.
Old
English
buttian
β
to
thrust
with
horns
,β
related
to
Old
Norse
bauta
β
to
strike
,β
surviving
through
Middle
English
as
β
butten
.β
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
is
the
target
of
jokes
,
criticism
,
or
ridicule
β’
His
wild
theories
made
him
the
butt
of
late-night
comedy
shows
.
His
wild
theories
made
him
the
butt
of
late-night
comedy
shows
.
β’
Jenny
hated
being
the
butt
of
her
classmates
β
jokes
.
Jenny
hated
being
the
butt
of
her
classmates
β
jokes
.
From
the
sense
β
target
β
used
in
archery
;
first
recorded
figuratively
for
a
person
in
the
early
17th
century
.
noun
a
mound
,
board
,
or
other
structure
used
as
a
target
for
shooting
arrows
or
bullets
β’
The
archers
stood
thirty
meters
from
the
butt
.
The
archers
stood
thirty
meters
from
the
butt
.
β’
Soldiers
practiced
firing
at
the
rifle
butts
all
afternoon
.
Soldiers
practiced
firing
at
the
rifle
butts
all
afternoon
.
Early
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
but
β
target
;
end
,β
later
specialized
to
mean
the
target
structure
itself
.
noun
a
carpentry
joint
made
by
placing
the
square
ends
of
two
pieces
of
wood
together
β’
The
frame
was
assembled
with
simple
butt
joints
.
The
frame
was
assembled
with
simple
butt
joints
.
β’
A
butt
joint
is
weaker
than
a
dovetail
joint
.
A
butt
joint
is
weaker
than
a
dovetail
joint
.
Specialized
use
of
β
butt
β
meaning
β
end
β
in
carpentry
and
engineering
,
attested
since
the
18th
century
.
noun
a
large
wooden
cask
for
storing
beer
,
wine
,
or
other
liquids
,
traditionally
holding
about
126
gallons
(
475
liters
)
β’
The
sherry
was
aged
in
an
oak
butt
for
ten
years
.
The
sherry
was
aged
in
an
oak
butt
for
ten
years
.
β’
A
single
butt
of
port
could
supply
an
entire
tavern
.
A
single
butt
of
port
could
supply
an
entire
tavern
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
butte
"
mound
,
target
,β
later
applied
to
large
barrels
because
of
their
bulky
ends
.
contribute
verb
-
contribute
,
contributing
,
contributes
,
contributed
to
give
money
,
time
,
ideas
,
or
other
help
toward
a
common
fund
,
project
,
or
cause
β’
Many
parents
contribute
money
to
the
school
β
s
science
fair
every
year
.
Many
parents
contribute
money
to
the
school
β
s
science
fair
every
year
.
β’
Each
team
member
contributed
ideas
during
the
brainstorming
session
.
Each
team
member
contributed
ideas
during
the
brainstorming
session
.
from
Latin
β
contribuere
β β
con-
β
together
β
+
tribuere
β
to
allot
,
pay
.β
verb
-
contribute
,
contributing
,
contributes
,
contributed
to
be
one
of
the
causes
of
a
particular
result
β’
Heavy
traffic
can
contribute
to
air
pollution
in
big
cities
.
Heavy
traffic
can
contribute
to
air
pollution
in
big
cities
.
β’
Lack
of
sleep
contributed
to
her
poor
exam
performance
.
Lack
of
sleep
contributed
to
her
poor
exam
performance
.
verb
-
contribute
,
contributing
,
contributes
,
contributed
to
write
and
send
articles
,
stories
,
or
other
material
for
publication
β’
She
regularly
contributes
travel
articles
to
the
local
newspaper
.
She
regularly
contributes
travel
articles
to
the
local
newspaper
.
β’
Several
experts
contributed
chapters
to
the
medical
textbook
.
Several
experts
contributed
chapters
to
the
medical
textbook
.
contribution
noun
Something
such
as
money
,
help
,
or
ideas
that
you
willingly
give
to
a
person
,
group
,
or
cause
so
they
can
reach
a
goal
.
β’
Each
guest
put
a
small
contribution
into
the
charity
box
at
the
door
.
Each
guest
put
a
small
contribution
into
the
charity
box
at
the
door
.
β’
The
villagers
β
joint
contribution
paid
for
a
new
well
in
the
dry
season
.
The
villagers
β
joint
contribution
paid
for
a
new
well
in
the
dry
season
.
From
Latin
'contributio'
meaning
'a
bringing
together'
,
from
'contribuere'
(
'con-'
together
+
'tribuere'
give
).
noun
The
part
played
by
a
person
or
thing
in
producing
or
achieving
a
result
;
something
that
helps
to
make
something
happen
or
be
better
.
β’
Ada
Lovelace
β
s
contribution
to
computing
laid
the
groundwork
for
modern
programming
.
Ada
Lovelace
β
s
contribution
to
computing
laid
the
groundwork
for
modern
programming
.
β’
Regular
exercise
makes
a
huge
contribution
to
good
mental
health
.
Regular
exercise
makes
a
huge
contribution
to
good
mental
health
.
noun
A
piece
of
writing
,
artwork
,
or
other
material
that
someone
sends
to
be
published
or
included
in
a
collection
,
meeting
,
or
event
.
β’
Her
short
story
was
accepted
as
a
contribution
to
the
school
magazine
.
Her
short
story
was
accepted
as
a
contribution
to
the
school
magazine
.
β’
The
artist
β
s
only
contribution
to
the
exhibition
was
a
vivid
watercolor
of
the
harbor
.
The
artist
β
s
only
contribution
to
the
exhibition
was
a
vivid
watercolor
of
the
harbor
.
noun
A
regular
payment
you
must
make
to
a
government
or
official
fund
,
especially
for
social
security
,
pension
,
or
insurance
.
β’
Employees
β
National
Insurance
contribution
rates
rose
this
year
.
Employees
β
National
Insurance
contribution
rates
rose
this
year
.
β’
Her
pension
contribution
is
automatically
taken
from
her
salary
each
month
.
Her
pension
contribution
is
automatically
taken
from
her
salary
each
month
.
distribution
noun
the
act
or
process
of
delivering
or
handing
out
goods
or
resources
to
various
people
or
places
β’
The
charity
organized
the
distribution
of
blankets
to
the
earthquake
survivors
.
The
charity
organized
the
distribution
of
blankets
to
the
earthquake
survivors
.
β’
A
truck
arrives
every
morning
for
the
distribution
of
fresh
bread
to
local
shops
.
A
truck
arrives
every
morning
for
the
distribution
of
fresh
bread
to
local
shops
.
From
Latin
distributio
β
division
,
arrangement
β,
from
distribuere
β
to
divide
,
share
out
β.
noun
the
way
something
is
spread
or
shared
over
an
area
,
group
,
or
period
of
time
β’
Scientists
mapped
the
distribution
of
endangered
birds
across
the
islands
.
Scientists
mapped
the
distribution
of
endangered
birds
across
the
islands
.
β’
Income
distribution
varies
greatly
between
urban
and
rural
communities
.
Income
distribution
varies
greatly
between
urban
and
rural
communities
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
.
noun
in
mathematics
and
statistics
,
a
set
showing
all
the
possible
values
of
data
and
how
often
they
occur
β’
The
data
followed
a
normal
distribution
around
the
average
value
.
The
data
followed
a
normal
distribution
around
the
average
value
.
β’
Understanding
the
probability
distribution
helps
predict
future
sales
.
Understanding
the
probability
distribution
helps
predict
future
sales
.
Adopted
for
mathematical
use
in
the
late
19th
century
,
extending
the
general
sense
of
β
arrangement
β
to
numerical
values
.
distribute
verb
-
distribute
,
distributing
,
distributes
,
distributed
to
give
or
hand
out
things
to
many
people
so
that
each
one
gets
a
share
β’
The
volunteers
distributed
hot
meals
to
flood
victims
.
The
volunteers
distributed
hot
meals
to
flood
victims
.
β’
The
teacher
distributes
the
worksheets
at
the
start
of
every
lesson
.
The
teacher
distributes
the
worksheets
at
the
start
of
every
lesson
.
From
Latin
distribuere
β
to
divide
,
allot
β,
from
dis-
β
apart
β
+
tribuere
β
to
assign
β.
verb
-
distribute
,
distributing
,
distributes
,
distributed
to
spread
something
over
an
area
or
among
things
so
that
it
covers
or
affects
them
fairly
evenly
β’
Please
distribute
the
sand
evenly
across
the
playground
.
Please
distribute
the
sand
evenly
across
the
playground
.
β’
The
weight
of
the
bridge
is
distributed
across
several
steel
cables
.
The
weight
of
the
bridge
is
distributed
across
several
steel
cables
.
verb
-
distribute
,
distributing
,
distributes
,
distributed
(
mathematics
)
to
multiply
a
number
by
each
term
inside
brackets
,
applying
the
distributive
property
β’
To
simplify
3
(
x
+
2
),
you
distribute
the
3
and
get
3x
+
6
.
To
simplify
3
(
x
+
2
),
you
distribute
the
3
and
get
3x
+
6
.
β’
Remember
to
distribute
the
negative
sign
across
the
brackets
.
Remember
to
distribute
the
negative
sign
across
the
brackets
.
attribute
noun
a
quality
or
feature
that
is
typical
of
someone
or
something
β’
Honesty
is
an
attribute
that
all
leaders
should
have
.
Honesty
is
an
attribute
that
all
leaders
should
have
.
β’
Patience
is
an
important
attribute
when
teaching
young
children
.
Patience
is
an
important
attribute
when
teaching
young
children
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
attributus
,
past
participle
of
attribuere
β
to
assign
β.
verb
-
attribute
,
attributing
,
attributes
,
attributed
to
say
or
believe
that
something
is
caused
,
made
,
or
written
by
a
particular
person
or
thing
β’
She
attributes
her
success
to
hard
work
and
supportive
parents
.
She
attributes
her
success
to
hard
work
and
supportive
parents
.
β’
The
famous
painting
is
attributed
to
a
little-known
Italian
artist
.
The
famous
painting
is
attributed
to
a
little-known
Italian
artist
.
Same
Latin
root
as
the
noun
:
attributus
β
assigned
β.
noun
in
computing
,
a
piece
of
information
attached
to
a
file
or
element
that
gives
extra
details
about
it
β’
In
the
HTML
tag
,
the
'src'
attribute
tells
the
browser
where
to
find
the
image
.
In
the
HTML
tag
,
the
'src'
attribute
tells
the
browser
where
to
find
the
image
.
β’
The
file
β
s
'created'
attribute
shows
the
date
it
was
made
.
The
file
β
s
'created'
attribute
shows
the
date
it
was
made
.
Adopted
by
the
computing
field
in
the
1960sβ70s
,
extending
the
general
sense
of
β
quality
β
to
digital
objects
.
contributor
noun
a
person
who
gives
money
,
time
,
or
other
help
to
support
a
cause
,
project
,
or
organization
β’
Local
businesses
acted
as
generous
contributors
to
the
town
β
s
new
library
.
Local
businesses
acted
as
generous
contributors
to
the
town
β
s
new
library
.
β’
The
online
fundraiser
quickly
reached
its
goal
after
hundreds
of
small
contributors
gave
five
dollars
each
.
The
online
fundraiser
quickly
reached
its
goal
after
hundreds
of
small
contributors
gave
five
dollars
each
.
from
Latin
β
contribut-
β
meaning
β
added
together
β,
via
the
verb
β
contribute
β
+
the
agent
suffix
β
-or
β
noun
a
person
who
writes
articles
,
photographs
,
or
other
content
for
a
newspaper
,
magazine
,
website
,
or
broadcast
,
often
without
being
a
full-time
staff
member
β’
She
became
a
regular
contributor
to
the
science
section
of
the
newspaper
.
She
became
a
regular
contributor
to
the
science
section
of
the
newspaper
.
β’
The
magazine
pays
each
freelance
contributor
per
published
photograph
.
The
magazine
pays
each
freelance
contributor
per
published
photograph
.
derived
from
the
sense
of
β
contribute
β
meaning
β
to
supply
written
material
β
in
the
late
19th
century
noun
something
that
helps
to
cause
a
particular
result
or
situation
β’
Stress
is
a
key
contributor
to
many
health
problems
.
Stress
is
a
key
contributor
to
many
health
problems
.
β’
Air
pollution
is
a
major
contributor
to
climate
change
.
Air
pollution
is
a
major
contributor
to
climate
change
.
extended
figurative
use
from
the
idea
of
a
person
β
contributing
β,
first
recorded
in
the
mid-20th
century
debut
noun
the
first
public
appearance
,
performance
,
or
introduction
of
a
person
,
product
,
or
idea
β’
The
young
actor
received
a
standing
ovation
at
his
debut
on
Broadway
.
The
young
actor
received
a
standing
ovation
at
his
debut
on
Broadway
.
β’
Crowds
gathered
at
the
auto
show
for
the
debut
of
the
company's
sleek
new
electric
car
.
Crowds
gathered
at
the
auto
show
for
the
debut
of
the
company's
sleek
new
electric
car
.
From
French
β
dΓ©but
β,
meaning
β
a
first
appearance
β,
from
the
verb
β
dΓ©buter
β (β
to
lead
off
,
begin
β).
verb
to
appear
or
be
introduced
to
the
public
for
the
first
time
β’
The
band
will
debut
its
new
song
on
the
radio
tonight
.
The
band
will
debut
its
new
song
on
the
radio
tonight
.
β’
She
debuted
as
a
director
with
an
emotional
documentary
about
climate
change
.
She
debuted
as
a
director
with
an
emotional
documentary
about
climate
change
.
Borrowed
from
French
β
dΓ©buter
β
meaning
β
to
lead
off
,
begin
β,
related
to
Old
French
β
but
β
meaning
β
aim
,
goal
β.