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π
rating
noun
a
score
or
grade
that
shows
how
good
,
popular
,
safe
,
or
efficient
something
is
β’
The
hotel
has
a
five-star
rating
on
most
travel
websites
.
The
hotel
has
a
five-star
rating
on
most
travel
websites
.
β’
Always
check
the
energy-efficiency
rating
before
buying
a
new
fridge
.
Always
check
the
energy-efficiency
rating
before
buying
a
new
fridge
.
From
the
verb
β
rate
β
+
βing
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
to
mean
a
numerical
assessment
or
classification
.
noun
an
official
classification
that
shows
who
is
allowed
to
watch
,
read
,
or
use
something
,
especially
a
film
,
TV
show
,
or
video
game
β’
The
movie
has
an
R
rating
,
so
children
cannot
see
it
without
an
adult
.
The
movie
has
an
R
rating
,
so
children
cannot
see
it
without
an
adult
.
β’
Always
check
the
age
rating
on
video
games
before
buying
them
for
kids
.
Always
check
the
age
rating
on
video
games
before
buying
them
for
kids
.
Developed
from
earlier
senses
of
β
rating
β
in
the
early
20th
century
as
governments
and
industry
groups
began
labeling
films
by
suitability
for
audiences
.
noun
-
rating
the
act
or
process
of
judging
the
quality
,
importance
,
or
value
of
something
β’
Online
rating
of
restaurants
has
become
very
popular
.
Online
rating
of
restaurants
has
become
very
popular
.
β’
The
committee
spent
hours
on
the
rating
of
scholarship
applications
.
The
committee
spent
hours
on
the
rating
of
scholarship
applications
.
Gerund
of
the
verb
β
rate
,β
meaning
the
ongoing
action
of
judging
or
estimating
worth
.
rate
verb
-
rate
,
rating
,
rates
,
rated
to
judge
or
assign
a
level
of
quality
,
importance
,
or
value
to
someone
or
something
β’
Critics
rated
the
film
five
stars
.
Critics
rated
the
film
five
stars
.
β’
I
rate
this
restaurant
as
the
best
in
town
.
I
rate
this
restaurant
as
the
best
in
town
.
The
verb
sense
comes
from
the
noun
meaning
"
value
"
in
late
Middle
English
,
extending
to
the
act
of
assigning
that
value
.
demonstrate
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
show
how
something
works
or
how
to
do
something
by
actually
doing
it
β’
The
chef
demonstrated
how
to
fillet
a
fish
in
front
of
the
cooking
class
.
The
chef
demonstrated
how
to
fillet
a
fish
in
front
of
the
cooking
class
.
β’
At
the
trade
fair
,
a
young
engineer
demonstrated
the
new
robot
arm
β
s
precise
movements
.
At
the
trade
fair
,
a
young
engineer
demonstrated
the
new
robot
arm
β
s
precise
movements
.
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
prove
or
make
something
clear
by
providing
evidence
,
facts
,
or
examples
β’
The
scientist
demonstrated
that
the
new
medicine
was
safe
by
showing
the
test
results
.
The
scientist
demonstrated
that
the
new
medicine
was
safe
by
showing
the
test
results
.
β’
Her
calm
reaction
demonstrated
true
leadership
during
the
sudden
power
outage
.
Her
calm
reaction
demonstrated
true
leadership
during
the
sudden
power
outage
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
demonstrΔre
β
to
point
out
,
show
,
prove
,β
from
de-
β
completely
β
+
monstrΔre
β
to
show
.β
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
take
part
in
a
public
protest
or
march
to
show
support
or
opposition
β’
Thousands
of
students
demonstrated
outside
the
parliament
for
climate
action
.
Thousands
of
students
demonstrated
outside
the
parliament
for
climate
action
.
β’
Workers
demonstrated
in
the
main
square
,
holding
bright
red
banners
demanding
fair
wages
.
Workers
demonstrated
in
the
main
square
,
holding
bright
red
banners
demanding
fair
wages
.
operate
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
machine
or
system
)
to
work
or
function
in
the
way
it
was
designed
β’
You
must
fix
the
wiring
before
the
elevator
can
operate
again
.
You
must
fix
the
wiring
before
the
elevator
can
operate
again
.
β’
My
old
wristwatch
still
operates
perfectly
after
twenty
years
.
My
old
wristwatch
still
operates
perfectly
after
twenty
years
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
to
control
or
use
a
machine
,
device
,
or
piece
of
equipment
β’
Only
trained
pilots
are
allowed
to
operate
the
aircraft
.
Only
trained
pilots
are
allowed
to
operate
the
aircraft
.
β’
She
learned
to
operate
the
3D
printer
in
one
afternoon
.
She
learned
to
operate
the
3D
printer
in
one
afternoon
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
person
,
company
,
or
service
)
to
carry
out
business
or
be
active
,
especially
in
a
particular
place
or
way
β’
The
bakery
will
operate
seven
days
a
week
during
the
holidays
.
The
bakery
will
operate
seven
days
a
week
during
the
holidays
.
β’
They
operate
mainly
in
South
America
and
Asia
.
They
operate
mainly
in
South
America
and
Asia
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
to
perform
surgery
on
someone
β’
The
surgeon
will
operate
on
the
patient
at
noon
.
The
surgeon
will
operate
on
the
patient
at
noon
.
β’
Doctors
had
to
operate
immediately
to
stop
the
bleeding
.
Doctors
had
to
operate
immediately
to
stop
the
bleeding
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
law
,
rule
,
or
force
)
to
have
an
effect
or
exert
influence
β’
The
new
law
will
operate
to
protect
tenants
from
unfair
rent
increases
.
The
new
law
will
operate
to
protect
tenants
from
unfair
rent
increases
.
β’
In
zero
gravity
,
different
physical
laws
operate
.
In
zero
gravity
,
different
physical
laws
operate
.
generate
verb
-
generate
,
generating
,
generates
,
generated
to
produce
or
create
something
such
as
heat
,
electricity
,
feelings
,
or
results
β’
The
wind
turbines
on
the
hill
generate
enough
electricity
for
the
entire
village
.
The
wind
turbines
on
the
hill
generate
enough
electricity
for
the
entire
village
.
β’
Squeezing
the
hand
warmer
causes
a
reaction
that
generates
heat
within
seconds
.
Squeezing
the
hand
warmer
causes
a
reaction
that
generates
heat
within
seconds
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
generΔre
β
to
beget
,
produce
β,
from
genus
β
birth
,
kind
β.
verb
-
generate
,
generating
,
generates
,
generated
to
create
data
,
images
,
or
other
output
automatically
using
a
machine
or
computer
program
β’
The
computer
program
can
generate
ten
random
passwords
in
a
second
.
The
computer
program
can
generate
ten
random
passwords
in
a
second
.
β’
Clicking
the
button
generates
a
detailed
weather
map
for
the
pilots
.
Clicking
the
button
generates
a
detailed
weather
map
for
the
pilots
.
Same
origin
as
main
sense
:
Latin
generΔre
β
to
beget
,
produce
β.
celebrate
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
show
happiness
about
an
event
,
achievement
,
or
special
day
by
doing
something
enjoyable
such
as
having
a
party
,
eating
together
,
or
joining
a
public
festivity
β’
After
passing
her
exam
,
Mia
invited
her
friends
over
to
celebrate
.
After
passing
her
exam
,
Mia
invited
her
friends
over
to
celebrate
.
β’
Fireworks
lit
the
sky
as
the
city
gathered
to
celebrate
the
national
holiday
.
Fireworks
lit
the
sky
as
the
city
gathered
to
celebrate
the
national
holiday
.
From
Latin
celebrΔre
β
to
honor
,
to
frequent
,β
related
to
celeber
β
frequented
,
populous
,
renowned
.β
The
meaning
of
rejoicing
at
an
event
dates
from
the
16th
century
.
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
perform
a
religious
ceremony
,
especially
the
Christian
Mass
or
another
act
of
worship
β’
The
priest
will
celebrate
Mass
at
dawn
on
Easter
Sunday
.
The
priest
will
celebrate
Mass
at
dawn
on
Easter
Sunday
.
β’
Hundreds
of
faithful
gathered
as
the
bishop
celebrated
the
sacred
liturgy
.
Hundreds
of
faithful
gathered
as
the
bishop
celebrated
the
sacred
liturgy
.
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
praise
,
honor
,
or
draw
special
attention
to
the
good
qualities
of
someone
or
something
β’
Her
new
song
celebrates
the
beauty
of
ordinary
life
.
Her
new
song
celebrates
the
beauty
of
ordinary
life
.
β’
The
exhibition
celebrates
the
achievements
of
women
scientists
.
The
exhibition
celebrates
the
achievements
of
women
scientists
.
separate
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
move
or
keep
people
or
things
away
from
each
other
,
or
to
split
something
into
parts
β’
A
thick
curtain
separates
the
stage
from
the
audience
.
A
thick
curtain
separates
the
stage
from
the
audience
.
β’
After
the
rain
,
she
carefully
separated
the
wet
pages
so
they
could
dry
.
After
the
rain
,
she
carefully
separated
the
wet
pages
so
they
could
dry
.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
move
or
divide
people
or
things
so
they
are
no
longer
together
β’
The
librarian
separated
the
old
magazines
from
the
new
ones
.
The
librarian
separated
the
old
magazines
from
the
new
ones
.
β’
After
the
school
fight
,
a
male
teacher
quickly
separated
the
two
boys
.
After
the
school
fight
,
a
male
teacher
quickly
separated
the
two
boys
.
From
Latin
separare
β
to
put
apart
,
divide
β,
from
se-
β
apart
β
+
parare
β
to
prepare
β.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
recognise
or
show
a
difference
between
things
,
ideas
,
or
people
β’
It
is
important
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
when
reading
the
news
.
It
is
important
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
when
reading
the
news
.
β’
Only
experience
separates
a
novice
from
an
expert
.
Only
experience
separates
a
novice
from
an
expert
.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
stop
living
together
as
a
married
or
romantic
couple
β’
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
decided
to
separate
but
remain
friends
.
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
decided
to
separate
but
remain
friends
.
β’
My
aunt
and
uncle
separated
last
spring
and
now
live
in
different
cities
.
My
aunt
and
uncle
separated
last
spring
and
now
live
in
different
cities
.
Sense
developed
from
general
meaning
of
β
move
apart
β
in
the
early
17th
century
.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
recognise
and
treat
two
or
more
things
as
different
β’
It
can
be
hard
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
on
social
media
.
It
can
be
hard
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
on
social
media
.
β’
Experienced
tasters
can
easily
separate
the
flavors
of
chocolate
and
coffee
in
this
dessert
.
Experienced
tasters
can
easily
separate
the
flavors
of
chocolate
and
coffee
in
this
dessert
.
Logical
sense
arose
in
the
19th
century
alongside
advances
in
science
and
philosophy
.
illustrate
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
add
pictures
,
drawings
,
or
other
visuals
to
a
text
to
make
it
more
attractive
or
easier
to
understand
β’
The
children's
storybook
was
beautifully
illustrated
with
bright
watercolor
paintings
.
The
children's
storybook
was
beautifully
illustrated
with
bright
watercolor
paintings
.
β’
A
magazine
article
about
ancient
Egypt
was
illustrated
with
detailed
photographs
of
hieroglyphics
.
A
magazine
article
about
ancient
Egypt
was
illustrated
with
detailed
photographs
of
hieroglyphics
.
From
Latin
illustrare
β
make
bright
,
illuminate
,
explain
,
decorate
with
pictures
,β
from
in-
β
in
β
+
lustrare
β
brighten
,
light
up
β.
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
explain
or
make
something
clear
by
giving
examples
,
pictures
,
or
comparisons
β’
The
teacher
used
a
simple
diagram
to
illustrate
how
the
water
cycle
works
.
The
teacher
used
a
simple
diagram
to
illustrate
how
the
water
cycle
works
.
β’
Let
me
illustrate
my
point
with
a
short
story
about
teamwork
.
Let
me
illustrate
my
point
with
a
short
story
about
teamwork
.
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
show
clearly
that
something
is
true
or
exists
,
often
by
being
a
typical
example
β’
This
map
illustrates
just
how
large
the
desert
region
is
.
This
map
illustrates
just
how
large
the
desert
region
is
.
β’
The
sudden
power
outage
illustrated
the
need
for
a
backup
generator
.
The
sudden
power
outage
illustrated
the
need
for
a
backup
generator
.
incorporate
verb
-
incorporate
,
incorporating
,
incorporates
,
incorporated
to
add
or
mix
one
thing
with
others
so
that
it
becomes
part
of
a
larger
whole
β’
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
incorporate
more
real-life
examples
in
their
essays
.
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
incorporate
more
real-life
examples
in
their
essays
.
β’
She
incorporated
fresh
herbs
into
the
soup
to
give
it
extra
flavor
.
She
incorporated
fresh
herbs
into
the
soup
to
give
it
extra
flavor
.
From
Latin
incorporare
β
to
form
into
a
body
,β
from
in-
β
into
β
+
corpus
β
body
.β
verb
-
incorporate
,
incorporating
,
incorporates
,
incorporated
to
create
a
legal
corporation
,
or
to
become
one
β’
After
ten
years
as
a
small
shop
,
the
owners
decided
to
incorporate
to
limit
their
personal
liability
.
After
ten
years
as
a
small
shop
,
the
owners
decided
to
incorporate
to
limit
their
personal
liability
.
β’
When
the
startup
incorporates
,
it
will
issue
shares
to
its
founders
.
When
the
startup
incorporates
,
it
will
issue
shares
to
its
founders
.
Same
root
as
general
sense
,
but
specialized
for
business
law
from
18th-century
usage
.
concentrate
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
give
all
your
attention
to
one
subject
or
activity
β’
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
β’
I
can
β
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
I
can
β
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
make
a
liquid
or
substance
thicker
or
stronger
by
removing
water
or
other
elements
β’
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
β’
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
come
together
,
or
cause
people
or
things
to
come
together
,
in
a
particular
place
β’
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
β’
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
operating
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
running
or
controlling
something
so
that
it
works
as
it
should
β’
The
technician
is
operating
the
3-D
printer
during
the
demonstration
.
The
technician
is
operating
the
3-D
printer
during
the
demonstration
.
β’
Emergency
workers
kept
operating
the
pumps
all
night
to
remove
the
floodwater
.
Emergency
workers
kept
operating
the
pumps
all
night
to
remove
the
floodwater
.
noun
the
activity
of
running
or
controlling
something
so
that
it
works
β’
Proper
operating
of
heavy
machinery
reduces
the
risk
of
accidents
.
Proper
operating
of
heavy
machinery
reduces
the
risk
of
accidents
.
β’
The
manual
explains
the
operating
of
the
new
coffee
machine
step
by
step
.
The
manual
explains
the
operating
of
the
new
coffee
machine
step
by
step
.
adjective
relating
to
the
normal
working
or
day-to-day
running
of
a
machine
,
business
,
or
system
β’
The
company
β
s
operating
costs
fell
after
switching
to
solar
power
.
The
company
β
s
operating
costs
fell
after
switching
to
solar
power
.
β’
Always
read
the
operating
instructions
before
starting
the
blender
.
Always
read
the
operating
instructions
before
starting
the
blender
.
moderate
verb
-
moderate
,
moderating
,
moderates
,
moderated
to
make
something
less
intense
,
severe
,
or
extreme
β’
Drinking
water
before
meals
can
moderate
your
appetite
.
Drinking
water
before
meals
can
moderate
your
appetite
.
β’
The
city
planted
more
trees
to
moderate
summer
temperatures
.
The
city
planted
more
trees
to
moderate
summer
temperatures
.
verb
-
moderate
,
moderating
,
moderates
,
moderated
to
guide
and
control
a
discussion
,
debate
,
or
meeting
in
a
fair
and
orderly
way
β’
The
teacher
will
moderate
the
debate
between
the
two
teams
.
The
teacher
will
moderate
the
debate
between
the
two
teams
.
β’
She
was
invited
to
moderate
an
online
panel
on
renewable
energy
.
She
was
invited
to
moderate
an
online
panel
on
renewable
energy
.
integrate
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
combine
two
or
more
parts
so
they
work
together
or
form
a
complete
whole
β’
The
new
software
integrates
all
the
company
β
s
data
into
one
easy-to-use
dashboard
.
The
new
software
integrates
all
the
company
β
s
data
into
one
easy-to-use
dashboard
.
β’
Architects
worked
hard
to
integrate
the
ancient
stone
walls
with
the
modern
glass
facade
.
Architects
worked
hard
to
integrate
the
ancient
stone
walls
with
the
modern
glass
facade
.
From
Latin
β
integratus
β,
past
participle
of
β
integrare
β
meaning
β
to
make
whole
β.
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
bring
people
of
different
races
,
cultures
,
or
social
groups
together
so
they
can
participate
equally
β’
The
school
was
one
of
the
first
in
the
country
to
integrate
students
of
all
races
.
The
school
was
one
of
the
first
in
the
country
to
integrate
students
of
all
races
.
β’
The
company
launched
workshops
to
help
immigrant
workers
integrate
into
the
local
community
.
The
company
launched
workshops
to
help
immigrant
workers
integrate
into
the
local
community
.
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
calculate
the
integral
of
a
function
in
mathematics
β’
In
calculus
class
,
we
learned
how
to
integrate
x
squared
to
get
one-third
x
cubed
plus
C
.
In
calculus
class
,
we
learned
how
to
integrate
x
squared
to
get
one-third
x
cubed
plus
C
.
β’
Engineers
must
integrate
the
velocity
function
to
find
the
distance
traveled
.
Engineers
must
integrate
the
velocity
function
to
find
the
distance
traveled
.