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π
rape
noun
-
rape
a
plant
with
bright
yellow
flowers
grown
for
its
seeds
,
which
are
pressed
to
make
oil
β’
Golden
fields
of
rape
stretched
toward
the
horizon
under
the
summer
sun
.
Golden
fields
of
rape
stretched
toward
the
horizon
under
the
summer
sun
.
β’
Farmers
press
the
seeds
of
rape
to
make
cooking
oil
.
Farmers
press
the
seeds
of
rape
to
make
cooking
oil
.
Shortened
from
β
rapeseed
β,
based
on
the
Latin
name
Brassica
napus
.
noun
in
medieval
Sussex
,
England
,
a
large
district
used
for
local
administration
β’
Medieval
Sussex
was
divided
into
six
regions
called
rapes
.
Medieval
Sussex
was
divided
into
six
regions
called
rapes
.
β’
Each
rape
had
its
own
sheriff
responsible
for
local
justice
.
Each
rape
had
its
own
sheriff
responsible
for
local
justice
.
From
Old
English
β
rap
β,
possibly
meaning
a
strip
or
division
of
land
.
rapidly
adverb
quickly
;
at
a
high
speed
or
rate
.
β’
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
β’
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
formed
from
the
adjective
β
rapid
β
+
the
adverbial
suffix
β
-ly
,β
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
18th
century
.
rapid
adjective
happening
,
moving
,
or
changing
very
quickly
β’
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
β’
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
rapidus
β
seizing
,
hasty
,
swift
β,
from
rapere
β
to
seize
,
hurry
away
β.
noun
a
fast
,
turbulent
section
of
a
river
where
water
rushes
quickly
over
rocks
β’
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
β’
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
First
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
17th
century
,
from
the
adjective
β
rapid
β,
applied
metaphorically
to
swift-moving
stretches
of
water
.
photograph
noun
a
picture
made
with
a
camera
by
capturing
light
on
film
or
a
digital
sensor
β’
Maria
framed
her
favorite
photograph
of
the
beach
and
hung
it
on
the
wall
.
Maria
framed
her
favorite
photograph
of
the
beach
and
hung
it
on
the
wall
.
β’
The
old
man
showed
me
a
faded
photograph
of
his
army
friends
.
The
old
man
showed
me
a
faded
photograph
of
his
army
friends
.
Mid-19th
century
:
from
photo-
β
light
β
+
βgraph
β
something
written
or
drawn
β.
verb
to
take
a
picture
of
someone
or
something
with
a
camera
β’
She
loves
to
photograph
wild
animals
in
their
natural
habitat
.
She
loves
to
photograph
wild
animals
in
their
natural
habitat
.
β’
Please
don't
photograph
me
;
I'm
not
ready
yet
.
Please
don't
photograph
me
;
I'm
not
ready
yet
.
Derived
from
the
noun
β
photograph
β,
adopted
as
a
verb
soon
after
cameras
became
common
in
the
19th
century
.
wrap
verb
-
wrap
,
wrapping
,
wraps
,
wrapped
to
cover
or
enclose
something
by
folding
paper
,
cloth
,
or
another
material
around
it
β’
She
carefully
wrapped
the
birthday
present
in
bright
red
paper
.
She
carefully
wrapped
the
birthday
present
in
bright
red
paper
.
β’
The
mother
wrapped
a
blanket
around
her
sleeping
baby
to
keep
him
warm
.
The
mother
wrapped
a
blanket
around
her
sleeping
baby
to
keep
him
warm
.
Old
English
"
wrappen
"
meaning
to
wind
or
twist
around
,
influenced
by
Old
Norse
"
vrapa
".
noun
a
sandwich
made
by
rolling
a
soft
flatbread
around
a
filling
β’
I
ordered
a
chicken
Caesar
wrap
for
lunch
.
I
ordered
a
chicken
Caesar
wrap
for
lunch
.
β’
Her
homemade
veggie
wrap
was
packed
with
spinach
and
hummus
.
Her
homemade
veggie
wrap
was
packed
with
spinach
and
hummus
.
Culinary
sense
popularized
in
the
1990s
in
North
America
,
influenced
by
Mexican
burritos
.
noun
paper
,
plastic
,
or
other
thin
material
used
to
cover
or
protect
something
β’
She
bought
silver
gift
wrap
covered
in
snowflake
designs
.
She
bought
silver
gift
wrap
covered
in
snowflake
designs
.
β’
Plastic
wrap
keeps
leftovers
fresh
in
the
fridge
.
Plastic
wrap
keeps
leftovers
fresh
in
the
fridge
.
Noun
use
from
the
verb
β
wrap
,β
first
recorded
in
1897
for
wrapping
paper
.
noun
a
piece
of
cloth
or
light
garment
worn
loosely
around
the
shoulders
or
body
for
warmth
or
style
β’
She
draped
a
silk
wrap
over
her
shoulders
before
stepping
outside
.
She
draped
a
silk
wrap
over
her
shoulders
before
stepping
outside
.
β’
The
bride
wore
a
white
fur
wrap
to
stay
warm
during
the
winter
ceremony
.
The
bride
wore
a
white
fur
wrap
to
stay
warm
during
the
winter
ceremony
.
Fashion
sense
dates
to
the
late
19th
century
,
extended
from
the
verb
"
wrap
"
meaning
to
cover
.
verb
-
wrap
,
wrapping
,
wraps
,
wrapped
(
film
or
broadcasting
)
to
finish
shooting
,
recording
,
or
a
stage
of
production
β’
The
director
announced
that
they
would
wrap
at
sunset
.
The
director
announced
that
they
would
wrap
at
sunset
.
β’
After
twelve
long
hours
,
the
crew
finally
wrapped
.
After
twelve
long
hours
,
the
crew
finally
wrapped
.
Extension
of
the
general
sense
β
finish
covering
β
to
β
finish
working
β
in
early
20th-century
U
.
S
.
film
industry
slang
.
noun
(
film
or
broadcasting
)
the
end
or
completion
of
filming
,
recording
,
or
an
event
β’
After
the
final
scene
,
the
director
shouted
, "
That's
a
wrap
!"
After
the
final
scene
,
the
director
shouted
, "
That's
a
wrap
!"
β’
The
team
held
a
party
to
celebrate
the
wrap
of
the
series
.
The
team
held
a
party
to
celebrate
the
wrap
of
the
series
.
Originally
film-industry
slang
in
the
mid-20th
century
,
from
the
verb
sense
β
wrap
(
up
)
production
β.
therapy
noun
-
therapy
,
therapies
treatment
given
to
cure
or
relieve
a
physical
or
mental
illness
or
disability
,
often
using
medicine
,
exercises
,
or
talking
rather
than
surgery
β’
After
her
accident
,
Maria
received
physical
therapy
to
help
her
walk
again
.
After
her
accident
,
Maria
received
physical
therapy
to
help
her
walk
again
.
β’
The
doctor
said
a
course
of
radiation
therapy
could
shrink
the
tumor
.
The
doctor
said
a
course
of
radiation
therapy
could
shrink
the
tumor
.
Early
19th
century
,
from
Greek
therapeia
β
healing
β,
from
therapeuein
β
treat
medically
β.
noun
-
therapy
,
therapies
an
activity
or
experience
that
makes
someone
feel
calmer
,
happier
,
or
less
stressed
β’
Playing
the
piano
every
evening
is
pure
therapy
for
me
.
Playing
the
piano
every
evening
is
pure
therapy
for
me
.
β’
For
some
people
,
gardening
is
a
form
of
therapy
after
a
stressful
day
.
For
some
people
,
gardening
is
a
form
of
therapy
after
a
stressful
day
.
Figurative
extension
of
the
medical
sense
,
first
recorded
in
the
mid-20th
century
.
crap
noun
-
crap
worthless
things
,
poor-quality
material
,
or
nonsense
β’
Don't
believe
that
advert
;
it's
just
a
load
of
crap
.
Don't
believe
that
advert
;
it's
just
a
load
of
crap
.
β’
The
report
he
handed
in
was
complete
crap
.
The
report
he
handed
in
was
complete
crap
.
Originally
(
mid-15th
c
.)
meaning
chaff
or
residue
from
grain
processing
;
later
came
to
mean
rubbish
or
nonsense
.
noun
-
crap
solid
waste
that
comes
out
of
a
person
β
s
or
animal
β
s
body
;
feces
β’
The
dog
left
crap
on
the
sidewalk
,
so
I
cleaned
it
up
.
The
dog
left
crap
on
the
sidewalk
,
so
I
cleaned
it
up
.
β’
Please
don
β
t
talk
about
crap
at
the
dinner
table
.
Please
don
β
t
talk
about
crap
at
the
dinner
table
.
Used
for
bodily
waste
since
the
late
19th
c
.,
extending
the
idea
of
β
refuse
β
or
β
rubbish
β.
verb
-
crap
,
crapping
,
craps
,
crapped
to
defecate
;
to
pass
solid
waste
from
the
body
β’
I
really
need
to
crap
β
where
β
s
the
nearest
restroom
?
I
really
need
to
crap
β
where
β
s
the
nearest
restroom
?
β’
The
birds
crapped
all
over
the
car
last
night
.
The
birds
crapped
all
over
the
car
last
night
.
Verb
sense
appeared
in
the
late
19th
c
.,
building
on
the
noun
meaning
of
feces
.
adjective
-
crap
,
crappier
,
crappiest
of
very
poor
quality
;
bad
β’
That
was
a
crap
excuse
for
being
late
.
That
was
a
crap
excuse
for
being
late
.
β’
My
phone
camera
takes
crap
photos
in
low
light
.
My
phone
camera
takes
crap
photos
in
low
light
.
Adjective
use
developed
mid-20th
c
.
from
the
noun
meaning
β
worthless
things
β.
interjection
used
to
express
annoyance
,
disappointment
,
or
surprise
β’
Crap
!
I
forgot
my
wallet
.
Crap
!
I
forgot
my
wallet
.
β’
Crap
,
the
bus
just
left
without
us
!
Crap
,
the
bus
just
left
without
us
!
Interjection
use
emerged
in
the
20th
c
.
as
a
milder
alternative
to
stronger
curses
.
photographer
noun
a
person
who
takes
photographs
,
especially
as
a
hobby
or
job
.
β’
The
photographer
asked
the
couple
to
smile
as
he
snapped
their
wedding
pictures
.
The
photographer
asked
the
couple
to
smile
as
he
snapped
their
wedding
pictures
.
β’
A
wildlife
photographer
waited
quietly
beside
the
river
to
capture
the
moment
a
bear
caught
a
fish
.
A
wildlife
photographer
waited
quietly
beside
the
river
to
capture
the
moment
a
bear
caught
a
fish
.
Formed
in
the
mid-19th
century
from
photograph
+
the
agent
suffix
βer
,
meaning
β
person
who
makes
photographs
β.
trap
noun
a
device
that
is
designed
to
catch
and
hold
an
animal
or
person
so
they
cannot
escape
β’
The
hunter
checked
the
trap
he
had
set
for
rabbits
in
the
forest
.
The
hunter
checked
the
trap
he
had
set
for
rabbits
in
the
forest
.
β’
A
sticky
trap
in
the
kitchen
caught
several
flies
overnight
.
A
sticky
trap
in
the
kitchen
caught
several
flies
overnight
.
verb
-
trap
,
trapping
,
traps
,
trapped
to
catch
a
person
,
animal
,
or
thing
so
it
cannot
leave
or
escape
β’
Heavy
snow
trapped
the
hikers
on
the
mountain
overnight
.
Heavy
snow
trapped
the
hikers
on
the
mountain
overnight
.
β’
A
broken
elevator
trapped
us
between
two
floors
for
an
hour
.
A
broken
elevator
trapped
us
between
two
floors
for
an
hour
.
noun
a
clever
plan
or
situation
arranged
to
trick
someone
or
make
them
fail
β’
The
last
exam
question
was
a
trap
to
see
if
we
were
paying
attention
.
The
last
exam
question
was
a
trap
to
see
if
we
were
paying
attention
.
β’
Scammers
often
lay
a
trap
by
promising
free
gifts
that
do
not
exist
.
Scammers
often
lay
a
trap
by
promising
free
gifts
that
do
not
exist
.
noun
(
slang
)
someone
β
s
mouth
,
especially
when
they
are
talking
in
an
annoying
or
rude
way
β’
Keep
your
trap
shut
during
the
movie
,
please
.
Keep
your
trap
shut
during
the
movie
,
please
.
β’
He
opened
his
trap
just
long
enough
to
complain
again
.
He
opened
his
trap
just
long
enough
to
complain
again
.