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know
verb
-
know
,
knowing
,
knows
,
knew
,
known
to
have
information
or
understand
facts
about
something
.
•
I
know
that
the
Earth
orbits
the
Sun
.
I
know
that
the
Earth
orbits
the
Sun
.
•
Do
you
know
what
time
the
movie
starts
?
Do
you
know
what
time
the
movie
starts
?
verb
-
know
,
knowing
,
knows
,
knew
,
known
to
be
acquainted
or
familiar
with
a
person
,
place
,
or
thing
.
•
I
know
Maria
from
college
.
I
know
Maria
from
college
.
•
Do
you
know
this
neighborhood
?
Do
you
know
this
neighborhood
?
verb
-
know
,
knowing
,
knows
,
knew
,
known
to
feel
certain
or
sure
about
something
.
•
I
know
he'll
come
on
time
.
I
know
he'll
come
on
time
.
•
She
knew
it
was
the
right
decision
.
She
knew
it
was
the
right
decision
.
verb
-
know
,
knowing
,
knows
,
knew
,
known
to
have
the
skill
or
ability
to
do
something
(
usually
followed
by
“
how
to
”).
•
Do
you
know
how
to
swim
?
Do
you
know
how
to
swim
?
•
She
knows
how
to
fix
a
bike
.
She
knows
how
to
fix
a
bike
.
verb
-
know
,
knowing
,
knows
,
knew
,
known
to
recognize
someone
or
something
when
you
see
,
hear
,
or
experience
it
.
•
I
know
his
voice
anywhere
.
I
know
his
voice
anywhere
.
•
She
knew
the
painting
the
moment
she
saw
its
colors
.
She
knew
the
painting
the
moment
she
saw
its
colors
.
show
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
let
someone
see
something
so
they
can
notice
or
understand
it
•
Could
you
show
me
how
this
camera
works
?
Could
you
show
me
how
this
camera
works
?
•
The
museum
guide
showed
the
visitors
a
hidden
doorway
behind
the
painting
.
The
museum
guide
showed
the
visitors
a
hidden
doorway
behind
the
painting
.
Old
English
‘
sceawian
’
meant
‘
look
at
’
or
‘
inspect
’;
over
time
it
shifted
to
mean
‘
cause
to
look
at
’.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
let
someone
see
something
so
they
can
understand
or
appreciate
it
•
Sam
showed
his
friends
the
photo
he
had
taken
of
the
sunrise
.
Sam
showed
his
friends
the
photo
he
had
taken
of
the
sunrise
.
•
The
teacher
shows
how
to
solve
the
math
problem
on
the
board
.
The
teacher
shows
how
to
solve
the
math
problem
on
the
board
.
noun
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
a
performance
or
program
that
people
watch
for
entertainment
,
often
on
stage
,
TV
,
or
radio
•
We
went
to
a
magic
show
at
the
theater
last
night
.
We
went
to
a
magic
show
at
the
theater
last
night
.
•
Her
favorite
TV
show
is
on
Friday
evenings
.
Her
favorite
TV
show
is
on
Friday
evenings
.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
guide
someone
to
a
place
•
A
porter
showed
us
to
our
seats
in
the
theatre
.
A
porter
showed
us
to
our
seats
in
the
theatre
.
•
Let
me
show
you
to
your
room
,
sir
.
Let
me
show
you
to
your
room
,
sir
.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
prove
or
make
something
clear
using
facts
or
evidence
•
The
study
shows
that
regular
exercise
lowers
stress
.
The
study
shows
that
regular
exercise
lowers
stress
.
•
Results
showed
the
new
drug
was
effective
.
Results
showed
the
new
drug
was
effective
.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
become
visible
or
be
seen
•
The
stain
still
shows
on
the
shirt
after
washing
.
The
stain
still
shows
on
the
shirt
after
washing
.
•
Your
excitement
really
shows
.
Your
excitement
really
shows
.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
become
visible
so
people
can
see
it
•
The
stain
on
the
carpet
is
starting
to
show
again
.
The
stain
on
the
carpet
is
starting
to
show
again
.
•
His
excitement
showed
on
his
face
when
he
heard
the
news
.
His
excitement
showed
on
his
face
when
he
heard
the
news
.
verb
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
to
guide
someone
around
a
place
or
explain
something
to
them
•
Could
you
show
me
the
way
to
the
train
station
?
Could
you
show
me
the
way
to
the
train
station
?
•
The
clerk
showed
the
customer
where
the
jackets
were
.
The
clerk
showed
the
customer
where
the
jackets
were
.
noun
-
show
,
showing
,
shows
,
showed
,
shown
an
event
or
display
where
things
are
exhibited
,
such
as
animals
,
cars
,
or
art
•
We
bought
tickets
to
the
annual
car
show
.
We
bought
tickets
to
the
annual
car
show
.
•
She
won
first
prize
at
the
dog
show
.
She
won
first
prize
at
the
dog
show
.
follow
verb
to
walk
or
move
behind
someone
or
something
,
going
in
the
same
direction
•
The
small
boy
followed
his
older
sister
into
the
classroom
.
The
small
boy
followed
his
older
sister
into
the
classroom
.
•
Please
follow
me
;
the
office
is
this
way
.
Please
follow
me
;
the
office
is
this
way
.
Old
English
folgian
,
fylgian
“
to
accompany
,
move
in
the
same
direction
,”
of
Germanic
origin
.
verb
to
do
what
someone
tells
you
or
to
act
according
to
rules
,
advice
,
or
instructions
•
Always
follow
the
safety
rules
in
the
lab
.
Always
follow
the
safety
rules
in
the
lab
.
•
She
followed
the
doctor's
advice
and
rested
for
a
week
.
She
followed
the
doctor's
advice
and
rested
for
a
week
.
verb
to
come
or
happen
after
something
in
time
or
order
•
Night
follows
day
.
Night
follows
day
.
•
Winter
follows
autumn
in
the
northern
hemisphere
.
Winter
follows
autumn
in
the
northern
hemisphere
.
verb
to
understand
what
someone
is
saying
,
explaining
,
or
doing
•
Sorry
,
I
don't
follow
—
could
you
explain
that
again
?
Sorry
,
I
don't
follow
—
could
you
explain
that
again
?
•
Do
you
follow
what
the
teacher
just
said
?
Do
you
follow
what
the
teacher
just
said
?
verb
to
go
after
someone
or
something
in
order
to
watch
,
catch
,
or
monitor
them
•
The
hunter
followed
the
deer
tracks
through
the
snow
.
The
hunter
followed
the
deer
tracks
through
the
snow
.
•
The
police
car
followed
the
suspect
down
the
highway
.
The
police
car
followed
the
suspect
down
the
highway
.
verb
on
social
media
,
to
subscribe
to
someone
’
s
account
so
you
see
their
posts
•
If
you
follow
the
singer
on
Instagram
,
you'll
see
her
tour
photos
.
If
you
follow
the
singer
on
Instagram
,
you'll
see
her
tour
photos
.
•
Millions
of
fans
follow
him
on
social
media
.
Millions
of
fans
follow
him
on
social
media
.
grow
verb
-
grow
,
growing
,
grows
,
grew
,
grown
to
cultivate
plants
or
crops
,
or
for
plants
to
develop
•
They
grow
tomatoes
in
their
backyard
.
They
grow
tomatoes
in
their
backyard
.
•
Rice
is
grown
in
flooded
fields
called
paddies
.
Rice
is
grown
in
flooded
fields
called
paddies
.
verb
-
grow
,
growing
,
grows
,
grew
,
grown
to
increase
in
size
,
number
,
or
amount
over
time
•
Children
grow
quickly
during
their
first
years
.
Children
grow
quickly
during
their
first
years
.
•
Sales
are
growing
steadily
every
month
.
Sales
are
growing
steadily
every
month
.
Old
English
grōwan
“
to
flourish
,
develop
,
get
bigger
,”
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
German
grünen
“
to
become
green
.”
verb
-
grow
,
growing
,
grows
,
grew
,
grown
to
gradually
become
or
come
to
feel
a
particular
way
•
He
grew
tired
after
the
long
hike
.
He
grew
tired
after
the
long
hike
.
•
The
room
grew
silent
when
the
teacher
entered
.
The
room
grew
silent
when
the
teacher
entered
.
verb
-
grow
,
growing
,
grows
,
grew
,
grown
to
cause
something
to
increase
or
develop
•
The
start-up
hopes
to
grow
its
customer
base
quickly
.
The
start-up
hopes
to
grow
its
customer
base
quickly
.
•
Regular
reading
can
grow
your
vocabulary
.
Regular
reading
can
grow
your
vocabulary
.
verb
-
grow
,
growing
,
grows
,
grew
,
grown
to
let
hair
,
nails
,
or
similar
things
become
longer
•
He
decided
to
grow
a
beard
over
the
winter
.
He
decided
to
grow
a
beard
over
the
winter
.
•
She
has
been
growing
her
hair
for
a
wedding
.
She
has
been
growing
her
hair
for
a
wedding
.
low
verb
-
low
,
lowing
,
lows
,
lowed
(
of
a
cow
)
to
make
its
deep
,
mooing
sound
•
At
dawn
,
the
cows
low
loudly
across
the
field
.
At
dawn
,
the
cows
low
loudly
across
the
field
.
•
A
lone
calf
lowed
for
its
mother
near
the
barn
.
A
lone
calf
lowed
for
its
mother
near
the
barn
.
Old
English
hlōwan
;
related
to
Dutch
loeien
and
German
lowen
,
meaning
‘
to
bellow
’.
allow
verb
to
give
permission
for
someone
to
do
something
or
for
something
to
happen
•
His
parents
finally
allow
him
to
stay
up
until
midnight
on
weekends
.
His
parents
finally
allow
him
to
stay
up
until
midnight
on
weekends
.
•
The
security
guard
wouldn't
allow
me
to
enter
without
an
ID
card
.
The
security
guard
wouldn't
allow
me
to
enter
without
an
ID
card
.
Middle
English
"
alouen
",
from
Old
French
"
alouer
" (
to
praise
,
approve
),
later
influenced
by
Latin
"
ad
"
+
"
laudare
" (
to
praise
).
verb
to
make
something
possible
by
creating
the
right
conditions
•
Wide
windows
allow
sunlight
to
fill
the
living
room
.
Wide
windows
allow
sunlight
to
fill
the
living
room
.
•
The
new
app
will
allow
you
to
organize
your
photos
easily
.
The
new
app
will
allow
you
to
organize
your
photos
easily
.
verb
to
set
aside
or
give
a
particular
amount
of
time
,
money
,
or
space
for
something
•
The
tour
schedule
allows
two
hours
for
lunch
.
The
tour
schedule
allows
two
hours
for
lunch
.
•
We
must
allow
extra
funds
for
unexpected
repairs
.
We
must
allow
extra
funds
for
unexpected
repairs
.
verb
to
admit
or
accept
that
something
is
true
,
often
reluctantly
•
She
allowed
that
the
plan
might
need
revisions
.
She
allowed
that
the
plan
might
need
revisions
.
•
I
allow
that
his
idea
has
some
merit
.
I
allow
that
his
idea
has
some
merit
.
throw
verb
-
throw
,
throwing
,
throws
,
threw
,
thrown
to
send
something
through
the
air
with
a
quick
movement
of
your
arm
and
hand
•
The
boy
threw
the
ball
over
the
fence
.
The
boy
threw
the
ball
over
the
fence
.
•
Please
don
’
t
throw
stones
at
the
window
.
Please
don
’
t
throw
stones
at
the
window
.
Old
English
‘
þrāwan
’
meaning
‘
to
twist
,
turn
’,
later
shifting
to
the
idea
of
‘
hurl
’
in
Middle
English
.
verb
-
throw
,
throwing
,
throws
,
threw
,
thrown
to
confuse
,
surprise
,
or
unsettle
someone
so
they
do
not
know
what
to
do
•
Her
unexpected
question
threw
me
during
the
interview
.
Her
unexpected
question
threw
me
during
the
interview
.
•
The
sudden
change
in
schedule
threw
the
whole
team
.
The
sudden
change
in
schedule
threw
the
whole
team
.
Figurative
use
of
the
physical
sense
‘
to
hurl
’,
first
recorded
in
the
1600s
,
comparing
mental
state
to
being
cast
off
balance
.
following
adjective
coming
next
or
listed
immediately
after
something
•
Please
read
the
following
instructions
carefully
.
Please
read
the
following
instructions
carefully
.
•
We
will
meet
on
the
following
day
.
We
will
meet
on
the
following
day
.
verb
present
participle
and
gerund
of
follow
•
The
children
kept
following
the
butterfly
across
the
garden
.
The
children
kept
following
the
butterfly
across
the
garden
.
•
She
glanced
at
the
map
before
following
the
trail
.
She
glanced
at
the
map
before
following
the
trail
.
preposition
after
something
in
time
•
Following
the
concert
,
the
band
signed
autographs
for
fans
.
Following
the
concert
,
the
band
signed
autographs
for
fans
.
•
The
school
reopened
following
the
summer
break
.
The
school
reopened
following
the
summer
break
.
noun
a
group
of
people
who
support
,
admire
,
or
regularly
pay
attention
to
someone
or
something
•
The
singer
has
a
huge
following
on
social
media
.
The
singer
has
a
huge
following
on
social
media
.
•
Over
the
years
,
the
book
series
gained
an
international
following
.
Over
the
years
,
the
book
series
gained
an
international
following
.
blow
verb
-
blow
,
blowing
,
blows
,
blew
,
blown
to
push
air
out
of
your
mouth
so
that
it
moves
something
or
cools
it
•
She
leaned
over
her
hot
cocoa
and
blew
gently
to
cool
it
.
She
leaned
over
her
hot
cocoa
and
blew
gently
to
cool
it
.
•
The
little
boy
took
a
big
breath
and
blew
soap
bubbles
into
the
sunny
air
.
The
little
boy
took
a
big
breath
and
blew
soap
bubbles
into
the
sunny
air
.
Old
English
“
blāwan
,”
meaning
“
to
breathe
or
send
forth
air
.”
verb
-
blow
,
blowing
,
blows
,
blew
,
blown
for
wind
or
air
outside
to
move
,
especially
with
some
force
•
A
cold
wind
blew
through
the
trees
all
night
.
A
cold
wind
blew
through
the
trees
all
night
.
•
Sand
blew
across
the
desert
road
,
hiding
the
tire
tracks
.
Sand
blew
across
the
desert
road
,
hiding
the
tire
tracks
.
verb
-
blow
,
blowing
,
blows
,
blew
,
blown
to
burst
apart
or
explode
with
force
•
The
old
tire
suddenly
blew
on
the
highway
.
The
old
tire
suddenly
blew
on
the
highway
.
•
In
the
film
,
the
bridge
blew
apart
in
a
massive
fireball
.
In
the
film
,
the
bridge
blew
apart
in
a
massive
fireball
.
verb
-
blow
,
blowing
,
blows
,
blew
,
blown
to
waste
or
spoil
something
important
such
as
money
or
a
chance
•
He
blew
his
chance
by
arriving
late
to
the
interview
.
He
blew
his
chance
by
arriving
late
to
the
interview
.
•
They
blew
all
their
savings
on
an
expensive
vacation
.
They
blew
all
their
savings
on
an
expensive
vacation
.
wow
interjection
used
to
show
surprise
,
admiration
,
or
excitement
•
Wow
!
That
magician
just
made
the
coin
disappear
.
Wow
!
That
magician
just
made
the
coin
disappear
.
•
When
he
reached
the
mountain
summit
and
saw
the
sunset
,
he
whispered
, "
Wow
,
it
’
s
beautiful
."
When
he
reached
the
mountain
summit
and
saw
the
sunset
,
he
whispered
, "
Wow
,
it
’
s
beautiful
."
Imitative
interjection
first
recorded
in
the
early
1900s
,
echoing
the
sound
of
sudden
amazement
.
verb
to
make
someone
feel
great
surprise
or
admiration
•
The
singer
’
s
powerful
voice
wowed
the
audience
.
The
singer
’
s
powerful
voice
wowed
the
audience
.
•
Cutting-edge
graphics
in
the
new
video
game
will
wow
players
.
Cutting-edge
graphics
in
the
new
video
game
will
wow
players
.
From
the
interjection
,
later
used
as
a
verb
meaning
“
to
cause
someone
to
say
wow
.”
First
attested
1920s
America
.
growing
adjective
getting
larger
in
size
,
amount
,
or
importance
•
There
is
a
growing
interest
in
electric
cars
around
the
world
.
There
is
a
growing
interest
in
electric
cars
around
the
world
.
•
The
company
faces
a
growing
number
of
complaints
about
its
service
.
The
company
faces
a
growing
number
of
complaints
about
its
service
.
adjective
developing
or
maturing
,
especially
in
a
natural
or
healthy
way
•
A
growing
puppy
needs
plenty
of
sleep
and
nutritious
food
.
A
growing
puppy
needs
plenty
of
sleep
and
nutritious
food
.
•
The
school
supports
every
growing
student
with
counseling
and
activities
.
The
school
supports
every
growing
student
with
counseling
and
activities
.
noun
-
growing
the
activity
or
process
of
cultivating
and
raising
plants
or
crops
•
Greenhouse
growing
lets
farmers
harvest
tomatoes
in
winter
.
Greenhouse
growing
lets
farmers
harvest
tomatoes
in
winter
.
•
Hydroponic
growing
uses
nutrient-rich
water
instead
of
soil
.
Hydroponic
growing
uses
nutrient-rich
water
instead
of
soil
.
slow
verb
-
slow
,
slowing
,
slows
,
slowed
to
become
or
make
something
become
slower
•
The
car
began
to
slow
as
it
climbed
the
steep
hill
.
The
car
began
to
slow
as
it
climbed
the
steep
hill
.
•
She
raised
her
hand
to
slow
the
runners
near
the
finish
line
.
She
raised
her
hand
to
slow
the
runners
near
the
finish
line
.
verb
-
slow
,
slowing
,
slows
,
slowed
to
reduce
speed
or
to
become
less
fast
•
The
pilot
had
to
slow
the
plane
before
landing
.
The
pilot
had
to
slow
the
plane
before
landing
.
•
Rain
began
to
slow
the
runners
in
the
marathon
.
Rain
began
to
slow
the
runners
in
the
marathon
.
shadow
verb
to
follow
someone
secretly
in
order
to
watch
what
they
do
•
A
private
detective
shadowed
the
suspect
through
the
busy
market
.
A
private
detective
shadowed
the
suspect
through
the
busy
market
.
•
Spies
shadow
foreign
diplomats
during
high-level
meetings
.
Spies
shadow
foreign
diplomats
during
high-level
meetings
.
verb
to
stay
close
to
someone
at
work
to
learn
how
they
do
their
job
•
New
employees
first
shadow
an
experienced
worker
.
New
employees
first
shadow
an
experienced
worker
.
•
The
medical
student
shadowed
the
surgeon
during
a
heart
operation
.
The
medical
student
shadowed
the
surgeon
during
a
heart
operation
.
verb
to
make
an
area
or
object
slightly
dark
by
blocking
light
•
Thick
clouds
shadowed
the
valley
all
morning
.
Thick
clouds
shadowed
the
valley
all
morning
.
•
The
tall
skyscraper
shadows
the
small
park
every
afternoon
.
The
tall
skyscraper
shadows
the
small
park
every
afternoon
.
snow
verb
(
of
the
weather
)
to
send
down
snowflakes
from
the
sky
•
It
rarely
snows
in
this
desert
city
.
It
rarely
snows
in
this
desert
city
.
•
If
it
snows
tonight
,
school
will
be
closed
tomorrow
.
If
it
snows
tonight
,
school
will
be
closed
tomorrow
.
Verb
use
is
from
Old
English
“
snīwan
”,
derived
from
the
noun
“
snāw
”.
flow
verb
to
move
steadily
and
continuously
like
a
liquid
,
without
sudden
stops
•
After
the
heavy
rain
,
muddy
water
began
to
flow
down
the
hill
toward
the
village
.
After
the
heavy
rain
,
muddy
water
began
to
flow
down
the
hill
toward
the
village
.
•
Early
on
Sunday
morning
,
cars
flowed
smoothly
along
the
quiet
highway
.
Early
on
Sunday
morning
,
cars
flowed
smoothly
along
the
quiet
highway
.
yellow
verb
to
become
yellow
or
to
make
something
yellow
•
The
pages
of
the
old
book
had
yellowed
with
age
.
The
pages
of
the
old
book
had
yellowed
with
age
.
•
If
you
leave
the
newspaper
in
the
sun
,
it
quickly
yellows
.
If
you
leave
the
newspaper
in
the
sun
,
it
quickly
yellows
.
row
noun
a
series
of
people
or
things
placed
in
a
straight
line
,
side
by
side
•
The
children
stood
in
a
neat
row
for
the
class
photo
.
The
children
stood
in
a
neat
row
for
the
class
photo
.
•
A
long
row
of
bright
red
tulips
edged
the
garden
path
.
A
long
row
of
bright
red
tulips
edged
the
garden
path
.
owe
verb
-
owe
,
owing
,
owes
,
owed
to
have
to
pay
or
repay
money
to
someone
•
I
still
owe
my
sister
twenty
dollars
for
the
movie
tickets
.
I
still
owe
my
sister
twenty
dollars
for
the
movie
tickets
.
•
You
don
’
t
owe
me
anything
;
the
lunch
was
my
treat
.
You
don
’
t
owe
me
anything
;
the
lunch
was
my
treat
.
Old
English
āgan
meant
“
to
possess
”
or
“
to
have
to
pay
.”
Over
time
it
narrowed
to
the
modern
sense
of
being
in
debt
.
verb
-
owe
,
owing
,
owes
,
owed
to
have
a
duty
to
give
something
such
as
thanks
,
help
,
or
an
explanation
to
someone
•
You
owe
your
parents
a
phone
call
after
all
they
’
ve
done
for
you
.
You
owe
your
parents
a
phone
call
after
all
they
’
ve
done
for
you
.
•
I
owe
Emma
an
apology
for
arriving
so
late
.
I
owe
Emma
an
apology
for
arriving
so
late
.
verb
-
owe
,
owing
,
owes
,
owed
to
have
something
because
of
someone
or
something
;
to
be
the
result
of
•
I
owe
my
love
of
music
to
my
grandfather
,
who
was
a
pianist
.
I
owe
my
love
of
music
to
my
grandfather
,
who
was
a
pianist
.
•
The
team
owes
its
victory
to
excellent
teamwork
.
The
team
owes
its
victory
to
excellent
teamwork
.
narrow
verb
to
become
or
make
something
less
wide
,
or
to
reduce
the
number
or
range
of
things
•
The
river
narrowed
as
it
approached
the
canyon
.
The
river
narrowed
as
it
approached
the
canyon
.
•
We
need
to
narrow
the
list
of
candidates
to
three
.
We
need
to
narrow
the
list
of
candidates
to
three
.
borrow
verb
to
take
something
that
belongs
to
someone
else
and
use
it
for
a
time
,
planning
to
give
it
back
•
"
Can
I
borrow
your
phone
charger
during
class
?"
"
Can
I
borrow
your
phone
charger
during
class
?"
•
Eva
borrowed
a
history
book
from
the
library
for
her
project
.
Eva
borrowed
a
history
book
from
the
library
for
her
project
.
Old
English
‘
borgian
’
meaning
‘
to
lend
or
borrow
’,
related
to
‘
burg
’
meaning
‘
pledge
’.
verb
to
receive
money
from
a
person
or
organization
and
agree
to
pay
it
back
,
usually
with
interest
•
The
startup
had
to
borrow
money
from
the
bank
to
buy
new
equipment
.
The
startup
had
to
borrow
money
from
the
bank
to
buy
new
equipment
.
•
Before
buying
the
house
,
they
borrowed
a
large
sum
on
a
thirty-year
mortgage
.
Before
buying
the
house
,
they
borrowed
a
large
sum
on
a
thirty-year
mortgage
.
verb
to
take
a
word
,
idea
,
or
style
from
another
language
,
culture
,
or
person
and
begin
using
it
•
English
has
borrowed
many
words
from
French
,
like
"
restaurant
"
and
"
café
".
English
has
borrowed
many
words
from
French
,
like
"
restaurant
"
and
"
café
".
•
Modern
designers
often
borrow
elements
of
ancient
art
to
create
new
styles
.
Modern
designers
often
borrow
elements
of
ancient
art
to
create
new
styles
.
verb
in
subtraction
,
to
take
one
unit
from
the
next
higher
place
value
to
make
a
smaller
digit
large
enough
to
subtract
•
When
subtracting
52
−
19
,
you
must
borrow
1
from
the
tens
column
.
When
subtracting
52
−
19
,
you
must
borrow
1
from
the
tens
column
.
•
Teachers
often
explain
how
to
borrow
by
using
stacks
of
blocks
to
show
place
value
.
Teachers
often
explain
how
to
borrow
by
using
stacks
of
blocks
to
show
place
value
.
cow
verb
to
frighten
or
intimidate
someone
so
that
they
lose
confidence
•
The
bully
tried
to
cow
the
younger
students
into
giving
him
their
lunch
money
.
The
bully
tried
to
cow
the
younger
students
into
giving
him
their
lunch
money
.
•
She
refused
to
be
cowed
by
threats
and
spoke
up
at
the
meeting
.
She
refused
to
be
cowed
by
threats
and
spoke
up
at
the
meeting
.
Probably
from
Old
Norse
kúga
“
oppress
,
force
”,
related
to
kuga
“
to
cow
”.