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ad
noun
a
short
piece
of
writing
,
picture
,
or
video
that
tries
to
make
people
buy
or
use
a
product
or
service
•
I
saw
an
ad
for
a
new
phone
on
TV
last
night
.
I
saw
an
ad
for
a
new
phone
on
TV
last
night
.
•
They
put
an
online
ad
on
social
media
to
sell
their
old
bike
.
They
put
an
online
ad
on
social
media
to
sell
their
old
bike
.
Shortened
form
of
“
advertisement
,”
first
recorded
in
the
late
19th
century
.
add
verb
to
put
something
with
something
else
so
that
the
total
becomes
larger
•
Please
add
three
more
chairs
to
the
dining
room
table
.
Please
add
three
more
chairs
to
the
dining
room
table
.
•
If
you
add
sugar
to
the
sauce
,
it
will
taste
sweeter
.
If
you
add
sugar
to
the
sauce
,
it
will
taste
sweeter
.
From
Latin
‘
addere
’
meaning
‘
to
put
toward
’.
verb
to
calculate
the
total
of
two
or
more
numbers
•
First
,
add
7
and
5
to
get
12
.
First
,
add
7
and
5
to
get
12
.
•
Can
you
add
these
long
numbers
for
me
?
Can
you
add
these
long
numbers
for
me
?
Same
Latin
origin
as
sense
1
,
used
in
arithmetic
since
the
15th
century
.
verb
to
say
something
more
,
often
after
something
else
has
been
said
•
"
I
think
we
should
leave
now
,"
she
added
.
"
I
think
we
should
leave
now
,"
she
added
.
•
He
paused
and
then
added
, "
But
I
’
ll
be
back
tomorrow
."
He
paused
and
then
added
, "
But
I
’
ll
be
back
tomorrow
."
Sense
of
verbal
addition
recorded
since
the
early
17th
century
.
administration
noun
the
practical
work
of
organizing
and
running
the
day-to-day
affairs
of
a
company
,
school
,
or
other
organization
•
Clear
record-keeping
is
vital
for
the
smooth
administration
of
a
charity
.
Clear
record-keeping
is
vital
for
the
smooth
administration
of
a
charity
.
•
The
college
hired
extra
staff
to
improve
the
administration
of
student
services
.
The
college
hired
extra
staff
to
improve
the
administration
of
student
services
.
From
Latin
administratio
“
management
,
direction
”,
from
administrare
“
to
manage
”.
noun
the
group
of
people
who
manage
and
make
decisions
for
an
organization
,
such
as
a
school
,
hospital
,
or
business
•
The
museum's
new
administration
announced
longer
opening
hours
.
The
museum's
new
administration
announced
longer
opening
hours
.
•
Teachers
met
with
the
school
administration
to
discuss
classroom
needs
.
Teachers
met
with
the
school
administration
to
discuss
classroom
needs
.
noun
the
government
of
a
particular
U
.
S
.
president
,
or
the
period
during
which
they
are
in
office
•
The
Biden
administration
passed
a
major
climate
bill
in
its
second
year
.
The
Biden
administration
passed
a
major
climate
bill
in
its
second
year
.
•
During
the
Roosevelt
administration
,
many
social
programs
were
created
.
During
the
Roosevelt
administration
,
many
social
programs
were
created
.
noun
the
act
of
giving
a
medicine
or
treatment
to
someone
•
The
nurse
checked
the
dosage
before
the
administration
of
the
drug
.
The
nurse
checked
the
dosage
before
the
administration
of
the
drug
.
•
Oral
administration
is
easier
for
children
than
injections
.
Oral
administration
is
easier
for
children
than
injections
.
adult
noun
a
person
who
is
fully
grown
and
legally
considered
a
grown-up
•
The
amusement
park
charges
less
for
children
and
more
for
adults
.
The
amusement
park
charges
less
for
children
and
more
for
adults
.
•
As
an
adult
,
he
moved
out
of
his
parents'
house
and
rented
a
small
apartment
.
As
an
adult
,
he
moved
out
of
his
parents'
house
and
rented
a
small
apartment
.
From
Latin
adultus
,
past
participle
of
adolescere
“
to
grow
up
”.
adjective
meant
for
grown
people
and
not
for
children
•
The
club
offers
adult
swimming
lessons
in
the
evenings
.
The
club
offers
adult
swimming
lessons
in
the
evenings
.
•
You
need
an
adult
ticket
if
you
are
over
18
.
You
need
an
adult
ticket
if
you
are
over
18
.
adjective
showing
the
sensible
and
responsible
behavior
expected
of
a
grown
person
•
That
was
a
very
adult
decision
you
made
.
That
was
a
very
adult
decision
you
made
.
•
He
tried
to
have
an
adult
conversation
about
their
future
.
He
tried
to
have
an
adult
conversation
about
their
future
.
address
noun
-
address
,
addresses
the
details
of
the
house
,
street
,
city
,
etc
.,
where
a
person
lives
or
where
a
building
is
found
•
Write
your
new
address
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
Write
your
new
address
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
•
The
pizza
driver
couldn
’
t
find
the
correct
address
,
so
he
called
us
for
directions
.
The
pizza
driver
couldn
’
t
find
the
correct
address
,
so
he
called
us
for
directions
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
“
adrece
” (
guidance
,
direction
),
later
“
adresse
,”
from
the
verb
“
adresser
,”
literally
“
to
direct
toward
.”
noun
-
address
,
addresses
the
information
that
tells
where
a
person
lives
or
where
a
place
or
organization
can
be
found
,
usually
including
the
building
number
,
street
,
city
,
and
postal
code
•
Please
write
your
new
address
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
Please
write
your
new
address
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
•
The
package
was
sent
to
the
wrong
address
,
so
it
came
back
.
The
package
was
sent
to
the
wrong
address
,
so
it
came
back
.
From
Middle
French
adresse
,
from
the
verb
adresser
“
to
direct
,”
originally
meaning
“
guidance
,
direction
.”
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
write
the
name
and
address
of
the
person
who
will
receive
a
letter
or
package
on
the
envelope
or
parcel
•
She
carefully
addressed
the
envelope
before
mailing
it
.
She
carefully
addressed
the
envelope
before
mailing
it
.
•
Make
sure
you
address
the
package
clearly
so
it
arrives
safely
.
Make
sure
you
address
the
package
clearly
so
it
arrives
safely
.
From
Old
French
adresser
“
to
direct
,
to
guide
”.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
write
the
name
and
address
of
the
receiver
on
an
envelope
or
package
•
Please
address
the
envelope
clearly
so
the
mail
carrier
can
read
it
.
Please
address
the
envelope
clearly
so
the
mail
carrier
can
read
it
.
•
She
carefully
addressed
each
wedding
invitation
.
She
carefully
addressed
each
wedding
invitation
.
noun
-
address
,
addresses
a
formal
speech
delivered
to
an
audience
•
The
president
gave
an
inspiring
address
to
the
nation
.
The
president
gave
an
inspiring
address
to
the
nation
.
•
Graduates
listened
to
the
commencement
address
with
excitement
.
Graduates
listened
to
the
commencement
address
with
excitement
.
Extended
from
the
verb
sense
"
to
speak
to
"
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
-
address
,
addresses
a
set
of
numbers
,
letters
,
or
symbols
that
identifies
a
place
on
a
computer
network
,
such
as
an
email
address
or
an
IP
address
•
Please
send
the
file
to
my
new
email
address
.
Please
send
the
file
to
my
new
email
address
.
•
Each
device
on
the
network
has
its
own
IP
address
.
Each
device
on
the
network
has
its
own
IP
address
.
Adopted
in
computing
in
mid-20th
century
from
the
idea
of
directing
information
to
a
specific
location
.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
speak
formally
to
a
group
of
people
•
The
mayor
will
address
the
crowd
at
noon
.
The
mayor
will
address
the
crowd
at
noon
.
•
She
addressed
the
conference
about
climate
change
.
She
addressed
the
conference
about
climate
change
.
Developed
from
earlier
meaning
"
direct
words
to
"
in
15th
century
.
noun
-
address
,
addresses
a
formal
speech
delivered
to
an
audience
•
The
president
’
s
televised
address
lasted
almost
one
hour
.
The
president
’
s
televised
address
lasted
almost
one
hour
.
•
Graduates
listened
eagerly
to
the
commencement
address
given
by
the
famous
author
.
Graduates
listened
eagerly
to
the
commencement
address
given
by
the
famous
author
.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
deal
with
or
try
to
solve
a
problem
or
question
•
We
need
to
address
the
issue
of
late
deliveries
immediately
.
We
need
to
address
the
issue
of
late
deliveries
immediately
.
•
The
new
policy
was
introduced
to
address
climate
change
.
The
new
policy
was
introduced
to
address
climate
change
.
noun
-
address
,
addresses
a
word
or
title
used
when
speaking
to
someone
,
showing
respect
or
the
person
’
s
position
,
such
as
“
Sir
,” “
Madam
,”
or
“
Doctor
”
•
Using
the
wrong
form
of
address
can
sound
rude
in
some
cultures
.
Using
the
wrong
form
of
address
can
sound
rude
in
some
cultures
.
•
“
Your
Honor
”
is
a
respectful
address
for
a
judge
.
“
Your
Honor
”
is
a
respectful
address
for
a
judge
.
Sense
developed
from
French
adresser
"
to
direct
words
to
"
in
the
16th
century
.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
deal
with
or
try
to
solve
a
problem
or
question
•
We
need
to
address
the
rise
in
energy
costs
.
We
need
to
address
the
rise
in
energy
costs
.
•
The
new
policy
addresses
concerns
about
data
privacy
.
The
new
policy
addresses
concerns
about
data
privacy
.
Figurative
sense
from
idea
of
‘
directing
effort
toward
’ (
18th
century
).
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
call
someone
by
a
particular
name
or
title
•
You
should
address
the
professor
as
“
Doctor
Lee
.”
You
should
address
the
professor
as
“
Doctor
Lee
.”
•
She
addressed
the
queen
as
“
Your
Majesty
.”
She
addressed
the
queen
as
“
Your
Majesty
.”
From
French
adresser
,
sense
shifted
to
‘
direct
words
toward
someone
’
ca
.
15th
c
.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
speak
directly
and
formally
to
someone
or
a
group
•
She
rose
to
address
the
audience
at
the
conference
.
She
rose
to
address
the
audience
at
the
conference
.
•
Before
you
address
the
committee
,
prepare
your
main
points
.
Before
you
address
the
committee
,
prepare
your
main
points
.
verb
-
address
,
addressing
,
addresses
,
addressed
to
use
a
particular
name
or
title
when
speaking
to
someone
•
In
court
,
you
should
address
the
judge
as
“
Your
Honor
.”
In
court
,
you
should
address
the
judge
as
“
Your
Honor
.”
•
Students
usually
address
their
professors
by
their
last
names
.
Students
usually
address
their
professors
by
their
last
names
.
admit
verb
-
admit
,
admitting
,
admits
,
admitted
to
agree
,
often
unwillingly
,
that
something
is
true
or
that
you
did
something
wrong
•
After
hours
of
questioning
,
the
teenager
finally
admitted
that
he
had
broken
the
window
.
After
hours
of
questioning
,
the
teenager
finally
admitted
that
he
had
broken
the
window
.
•
Nora
smiled
and
admitted
she
was
nervous
before
her
first
flight
.
Nora
smiled
and
admitted
she
was
nervous
before
her
first
flight
.
From
Latin
admittere
“
to
let
in
,
allow
,
grant
” (
ad
‘
to
’
+
mittere
‘
send
’).
verb
-
admit
,
admitting
,
admits
,
admitted
to
allow
someone
to
enter
a
place
,
organization
,
or
institution
•
The
security
guard
admitted
the
guests
once
they
showed
their
invitations
.
The
security
guard
admitted
the
guests
once
they
showed
their
invitations
.
•
Our
school
admits
only
50
new
students
each
year
.
Our
school
admits
only
50
new
students
each
year
.
See
etymology
in
Sense
1
.
verb
-
admit
,
admitting
,
admits
,
admitted
to
allow
or
make
possible
;
to
leave
room
for
(
usually
used
with
“
of
”)
•
The
schedule
admits
of
no
further
changes
at
this
stage
.
The
schedule
admits
of
no
further
changes
at
this
stage
.
•
His
explanation
admits
of
two
possible
interpretations
.
His
explanation
admits
of
two
possible
interpretations
.
See
etymology
in
Sense
1
.
additional
adjective
more
;
extra
;
added
to
what
is
already
there
or
has
already
happened
•
We
need
additional
chairs
for
the
meeting
.
We
need
additional
chairs
for
the
meeting
.
•
The
teacher
gave
us
additional
homework
to
practice
for
the
test
.
The
teacher
gave
us
additional
homework
to
practice
for
the
test
.
From
Latin
“
additiō
”
meaning
“
an
adding
to
,”
through
French
“
additionnel
.”
The
English
form
appeared
in
the
early
18th
century
.
advantage
noun
something
that
helps
you
to
be
better
or
more
successful
than
other
people
or
things
in
the
same
situation
•
Owning
a
reliable
car
is
a
big
advantage
when
you
live
far
from
work
.
Owning
a
reliable
car
is
a
big
advantage
when
you
live
far
from
work
.
•
The
home
team
had
the
advantage
of
playing
in
front
of
their
cheering
crowd
.
The
home
team
had
the
advantage
of
playing
in
front
of
their
cheering
crowd
.
From
Old
French
avantage
,
derived
from
avantageir
"
to
be
of
use
",
based
on
avant
"
before
,
ahead
".
noun
-
advantage
the
state
of
being
in
a
better
or
stronger
position
than
someone
or
something
else
•
With
her
years
of
experience
,
the
lawyer
was
clearly
at
an
advantage
in
the
negotiation
.
With
her
years
of
experience
,
the
lawyer
was
clearly
at
an
advantage
in
the
negotiation
.
•
The
hill
gave
the
archers
an
advantage
over
the
approaching
soldiers
.
The
hill
gave
the
archers
an
advantage
over
the
approaching
soldiers
.
Same
origin
as
the
countable
sense
,
but
used
abstractly
to
describe
a
favorable
position
.
verb
-
advantage
,
advantaging
,
advantages
,
advantaged
to
put
someone
or
something
in
a
better
position
or
give
a
benefit
to
them
•
The
new
policy
is
intended
to
advantage
small
businesses
.
The
new
policy
is
intended
to
advantage
small
businesses
.
•
Tax
reductions
would
advantage
families
with
low
incomes
.
Tax
reductions
would
advantage
families
with
low
incomes
.
Verb
use
developed
from
the
noun
,
meaning
“
to
bring
advantage
”.
First
recorded
in
the
15th
century
.
advice
noun
-
advice
helpful
words
or
suggestions
telling
someone
what
they
should
do
•
Emma
asked
her
older
sister
for
advice
on
what
to
wear
to
the
interview
.
Emma
asked
her
older
sister
for
advice
on
what
to
wear
to
the
interview
.
•
Before
buying
a
house
,
Mark
sought
advice
from
friends
who
had
already
become
homeowners
.
Before
buying
a
house
,
Mark
sought
advice
from
friends
who
had
already
become
homeowners
.
From
Old
French
‘
avis
’ (
opinion
),
based
on
Latin
‘
ad
’ (
to
)
+
‘
visum
’ (
view
).
noun
-
advice
a
professional
or
official
opinion
or
recommendation
given
by
an
expert
,
such
as
a
lawyer
,
doctor
,
or
consultant
•
The
startup
hired
a
lawyer
for
legal
advice
about
patenting
their
product
.
The
startup
hired
a
lawyer
for
legal
advice
about
patenting
their
product
.
•
After
the
market
crash
,
investors
waited
eagerly
for
the
bank
’
s
official
advice
.
After
the
market
crash
,
investors
waited
eagerly
for
the
bank
’
s
official
advice
.
Same
origin
as
the
general
sense
,
but
came
to
be
used
in
professional
contexts
during
the
18th
century
.
ad-
prefix
added
to
the
front
of
some
words
,
meaning
“
to
”
or
“
toward
”
•
In
the
word
“
admit
,”
the
prefix
ad-
shows
movement
to
a
place
—“
send
toward
.”
In
the
word
“
admit
,”
the
prefix
ad-
shows
movement
to
a
place
—“
send
toward
.”
•
“
Adapt
”
uses
ad-
to
mean
changing
something
toward
better
conditions
.
“
Adapt
”
uses
ad-
to
mean
changing
something
toward
better
conditions
.
From
Latin
ad
“
to
,
toward
,”
used
in
Latin
prefixes
and
borrowed
into
English
through
Latin
and
French
.
adopt
verb
to
become
the
legal
parent
of
a
child
who
was
born
to
someone
else
•
After
years
of
paperwork
,
the
couple
finally
adopted
a
baby
girl
from
China
.
After
years
of
paperwork
,
the
couple
finally
adopted
a
baby
girl
from
China
.
•
Maria
burst
into
tears
of
joy
when
her
foster
parents
decided
to
adopt
her
on
her
tenth
birthday
.
Maria
burst
into
tears
of
joy
when
her
foster
parents
decided
to
adopt
her
on
her
tenth
birthday
.
from
Latin
adoptare
“
to
choose
for
oneself
,
take
as
one
’
s
child
,”
from
ad-
“
to
”
+
optare
“
choose
”
addition
noun
the
mathematical
process
of
putting
numbers
or
amounts
together
to
find
their
total
•
In
his
first
math
lesson
,
Leo
learned
that
2
+
3
=
5
is
a
simple
addition
.
In
his
first
math
lesson
,
Leo
learned
that
2
+
3
=
5
is
a
simple
addition
.
•
The
teacher
wrote
an
addition
problem
on
the
board
for
the
class
to
solve
.
The
teacher
wrote
an
addition
problem
on
the
board
for
the
class
to
solve
.
From
Latin
additiō
(“
a
putting
to
”),
from
addere
(“
to
add
”).
noun
something
or
someone
that
is
added
to
an
existing
group
,
place
,
or
thing
•
The
newborn
puppy
was
a
joyful
addition
to
the
family
.
The
newborn
puppy
was
a
joyful
addition
to
the
family
.
•
Our
team
’
s
latest
addition
is
a
skilled
graphic
designer
.
Our
team
’
s
latest
addition
is
a
skilled
graphic
designer
.
General
sense
developed
from
the
mathematical
meaning
of
putting
something
extra
.
adjust
verb
to
change
something
slightly
so
it
fits
,
works
,
or
looks
better
•
Before
driving
,
he
adjusted
the
rear-view
mirror
so
he
could
see
the
traffic
behind
him
.
Before
driving
,
he
adjusted
the
rear-view
mirror
so
he
could
see
the
traffic
behind
him
.
•
The
tailor
carefully
adjusted
the
sleeves
,
making
the
jacket
fit
the
customer
perfectly
.
The
tailor
carefully
adjusted
the
sleeves
,
making
the
jacket
fit
the
customer
perfectly
.
Early
17th
century
:
from
Old
French
ajuster
‘
bring
into
line
’,
based
on
Latin
ad-
‘
to
’
+
juxta
‘
near
’.
verb
to
gradually
become
familiar
with
a
new
situation
or
condition
•
After
moving
abroad
,
Maya
adjusted
quickly
to
the
cold
winters
.
After
moving
abroad
,
Maya
adjusted
quickly
to
the
cold
winters
.
•
New
students
sometimes
struggle
to
adjust
to
college
life
.
New
students
sometimes
struggle
to
adjust
to
college
life
.
verb
to
examine
and
settle
an
insurance
claim
or
financial
amount
so
it
is
accurate
•
The
claims
officer
adjusted
the
insurance
payout
after
inspecting
the
damage
.
The
claims
officer
adjusted
the
insurance
payout
after
inspecting
the
damage
.
•
Auditors
will
adjust
the
figures
to
reflect
the
latest
financial
regulations
.
Auditors
will
adjust
the
figures
to
reflect
the
latest
financial
regulations
.
adventure
noun
an
exciting
,
often
unexpected
experience
that
involves
exploring
new
places
or
doing
new
things
•
During
her
summer
break
,
Mia
went
on
an
adventure
through
the
rainforests
of
Costa
Rica
.
During
her
summer
break
,
Mia
went
on
an
adventure
through
the
rainforests
of
Costa
Rica
.
•
The
video
game
offers
endless
adventure
for
players
who
love
exploring
fantasy
worlds
.
The
video
game
offers
endless
adventure
for
players
who
love
exploring
fantasy
worlds
.
Middle
English
from
Old
French
aventure
,
from
Latin
advenire
“
to
happen
,
arrive
.”
noun
a
bold
or
risky
project
,
business
,
or
undertaking
that
involves
uncertainty
•
Opening
a
restaurant
in
a
small
town
was
a
bold
adventure
for
the
young
chef
.
Opening
a
restaurant
in
a
small
town
was
a
bold
adventure
for
the
young
chef
.
•
Investors
considered
the
polar
expedition
an
expensive
adventure
but
funded
it
anyway
.
Investors
considered
the
polar
expedition
an
expensive
adventure
but
funded
it
anyway
.
Same
origin
as
main
noun
sense
;
later
extended
to
business
and
risky
enterprises
in
the
16th
century
.
verb
-
adventure
,
adventuring
,
adventures
,
adventured
to
dare
to
go
somewhere
or
do
something
that
involves
risk
•
"
Shall
we
adventure
into
the
old
castle
?"
asked
the
curious
boy
.
"
Shall
we
adventure
into
the
old
castle
?"
asked
the
curious
boy
.
•
She
loved
to
adventure
beyond
the
marked
trails
whenever
she
hiked
.
She
loved
to
adventure
beyond
the
marked
trails
whenever
she
hiked
.
Back-formation
from
the
noun
,
attested
from
Middle
English
in
the
sense
“
to
chance
one
’
s
luck
.”
advise
verb
-
advise
,
advising
,
advises
,
advised
to
tell
someone
what
you
think
they
should
do
•
The
doctor
advised
him
to
get
more
rest
.
The
doctor
advised
him
to
get
more
rest
.
•
I
will
advise
you
on
the
best
route
before
you
leave
.
I
will
advise
you
on
the
best
route
before
you
leave
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
aviser
,
based
on
Latin
visum
,
past
participle
of
vidēre
‘
to
see
’,
influenced
by
Latin
ad-
‘
to
,
toward
’.
verb
-
advise
,
advising
,
advises
,
advised
to
officially
tell
or
notify
someone
about
something
•
Please
advise
us
of
any
changes
to
your
address
.
Please
advise
us
of
any
changes
to
your
address
.
•
The
bank
advised
that
my
payment
had
cleared
.
The
bank
advised
that
my
payment
had
cleared
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
aviser
,
based
on
Latin
visum
,
past
participle
of
vidēre
‘
to
see
’,
influenced
by
Latin
ad-
‘
to
,
toward
’.
advocate
noun
a
person
who
publicly
supports
or
speaks
in
favor
of
a
particular
cause
,
idea
,
or
group
•
Greta
Thunberg
is
a
well-known
climate
advocate
who
speaks
at
conferences
around
the
world
.
Greta
Thunberg
is
a
well-known
climate
advocate
who
speaks
at
conferences
around
the
world
.
•
The
charity
hired
a
legal
advocate
to
defend
the
rights
of
homeless
people
.
The
charity
hired
a
legal
advocate
to
defend
the
rights
of
homeless
people
.
verb
-
advocate
,
advocating
,
advocates
,
advocated
to
publicly
recommend
or
support
a
particular
policy
,
idea
,
or
way
of
doing
things
•
Scientists
advocate
reducing
carbon
emissions
to
slow
climate
change
.
Scientists
advocate
reducing
carbon
emissions
to
slow
climate
change
.
•
The
doctor
advocated
regular
exercise
to
improve
her
patient
’
s
heart
health
.
The
doctor
advocated
regular
exercise
to
improve
her
patient
’
s
heart
health
.
noun
in
Scotland
and
some
other
legal
systems
,
a
lawyer
who
is
qualified
to
represent
clients
in
the
higher
courts
•
The
advocate
addressed
the
judges
of
the
Court
of
Session
in
Edinburgh
.
The
advocate
addressed
the
judges
of
the
Court
of
Session
in
Edinburgh
.
•
Before
becoming
an
advocate
,
she
completed
a
rigorous
apprenticeship
known
as
devilling
.
Before
becoming
an
advocate
,
she
completed
a
rigorous
apprenticeship
known
as
devilling
.
advanced
adjective
-
advanced
at
a
high
or
more
difficult
level
because
of
greater
skill
,
knowledge
,
or
development
•
Maria
signed
up
for
an
advanced
French
class
after
mastering
the
basics
.
Maria
signed
up
for
an
advanced
French
class
after
mastering
the
basics
.
•
Only
advanced
skiers
are
allowed
on
the
steep
black-diamond
slope
.
Only
advanced
skiers
are
allowed
on
the
steep
black-diamond
slope
.
adjective
using
the
newest
ideas
,
methods
,
or
technology
•
The
hospital
installed
an
advanced
imaging
system
that
produces
3-D
scans
.
The
hospital
installed
an
advanced
imaging
system
that
produces
3-D
scans
.
•
Smartphones
contain
advanced
processors
that
rival
desktop
computers
.
Smartphones
contain
advanced
processors
that
rival
desktop
computers
.
adjective
far
along
in
time
,
age
,
or
development
•
Her
grandmother
is
in
advanced
age
but
still
enjoys
gardening
.
Her
grandmother
is
in
advanced
age
but
still
enjoys
gardening
.
•
The
project
is
at
an
advanced
stage
and
will
finish
next
month
.
The
project
is
at
an
advanced
stage
and
will
finish
next
month
.
verb
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
past
tense
and
past
participle
of
advance
:
moved
forward
or
made
progress
•
The
troops
advanced
toward
the
city
at
dawn
.
The
troops
advanced
toward
the
city
at
dawn
.
•
Research
has
advanced
rapidly
in
recent
years
.
Research
has
advanced
rapidly
in
recent
years
.
advance
verb
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
to
move
forward
,
or
to
cause
someone
or
something
to
move
forward
,
toward
a
place
or
goal
•
The
hikers
decided
to
advance
along
the
narrow
forest
trail
before
sunset
.
The
hikers
decided
to
advance
along
the
narrow
forest
trail
before
sunset
.
•
With
a
loud
roar
,
the
armored
tank
continued
to
advance
toward
the
damaged
bridge
.
With
a
loud
roar
,
the
armored
tank
continued
to
advance
toward
the
damaged
bridge
.
From
Middle
English
‘
avauncen
’,
from
Old
French
‘
avancier
’,
based
on
Latin
‘
abante
’
meaning
‘
before
’
or
‘
in
front
’.
noun
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
a
forward
movement
toward
a
place
or
goal
,
or
general
progress
toward
something
better
•
The
army
’
s
slow
advance
across
the
desert
took
three
days
.
The
army
’
s
slow
advance
across
the
desert
took
three
days
.
•
Spring
brings
the
green
advance
of
grass
across
the
hills
.
Spring
brings
the
green
advance
of
grass
across
the
hills
.
noun
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
a
sum
of
money
paid
before
it
is
due
,
often
as
a
loan
or
part
of
a
future
payment
•
The
band
received
an
advance
from
the
record
label
to
pay
for
studio
time
.
The
band
received
an
advance
from
the
record
label
to
pay
for
studio
time
.
•
She
asked
her
boss
for
an
advance
on
next
month
’
s
salary
.
She
asked
her
boss
for
an
advance
on
next
month
’
s
salary
.
adjective
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
happening
,
done
,
or
supplied
before
an
event
•
Please
give
us
advance
notice
if
you
cannot
attend
the
workshop
.
Please
give
us
advance
notice
if
you
cannot
attend
the
workshop
.
•
They
bought
advance
tickets
to
the
concert
to
get
good
seats
.
They
bought
advance
tickets
to
the
concert
to
get
good
seats
.
verb
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
to
change
the
time
or
date
of
an
event
so
that
it
happens
earlier
than
planned
•
The
school
board
voted
to
advance
the
start
of
winter
break
to
December
20th
.
The
school
board
voted
to
advance
the
start
of
winter
break
to
December
20th
.
•
Bad
weather
forced
organizers
to
advance
the
parade's
start
time
by
an
hour
.
Bad
weather
forced
organizers
to
advance
the
parade's
start
time
by
an
hour
.
verb
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
to
give
someone
money
before
it
would
normally
be
paid
,
often
as
a
loan
or
part
payment
•
The
company
agreed
to
advance
Maria
a
small
loan
for
her
moving
costs
.
The
company
agreed
to
advance
Maria
a
small
loan
for
her
moving
costs
.
•
Could
you
advance
me
twenty
dollars
until
payday
?
Could
you
advance
me
twenty
dollars
until
payday
?
noun
-
advance
,
advancing
,
advances
,
advanced
a
new
discovery
or
development
that
makes
progress
possible
or
improves
something
•
Recent
advances
in
medicine
have
increased
survival
rates
for
many
diseases
.
Recent
advances
in
medicine
have
increased
survival
rates
for
many
diseases
.
•
Technological
advances
have
made
smartphones
more
powerful
than
ever
.
Technological
advances
have
made
smartphones
more
powerful
than
ever
.
advertising
noun
-
advertising
the
industry
and
profession
of
planning
,
creating
,
and
placing
advertisements
to
promote
products
,
services
,
or
ideas
•
She
decided
to
study
advertising
at
university
because
she
loves
creative
work
.
She
decided
to
study
advertising
at
university
because
she
loves
creative
work
.
•
The
company
hired
a
new
advertising
agency
to
launch
its
product
.
The
company
hired
a
new
advertising
agency
to
launch
its
product
.
Gerund
form
of
the
verb
"
advertise
",
first
used
as
a
noun
in
the
late
18th
century
to
refer
to
the
growing
profession
of
creating
advertisements
.
noun
-
advertising
the
advertisements
themselves
,
such
as
posters
,
TV
commercials
,
or
online
banners
,
that
try
to
persuade
people
to
buy
or
support
something
•
Colorful
advertising
covered
the
walls
of
the
subway
station
.
Colorful
advertising
covered
the
walls
of
the
subway
station
.
•
Many
people
mute
the
TV
during
loud
advertising
.
Many
people
mute
the
TV
during
loud
advertising
.
Developed
from
the
sense
of
the
activity
;
first
recorded
in
the
19th
century
to
describe
the
collective
promotional
materials
seen
by
the
public
.
administrator
noun
a
person
whose
job
is
to
organise
,
manage
,
and
run
the
daily
operations
of
an
organisation
such
as
a
school
,
company
,
or
government
department
•
The
school
administrator
greeted
parents
at
the
entrance
on
the
first
day
of
classes
.
The
school
administrator
greeted
parents
at
the
entrance
on
the
first
day
of
classes
.
•
As
an
administrator
,
Maria
approves
all
budget
requests
before
they
are
sent
to
the
board
.
As
an
administrator
,
Maria
approves
all
budget
requests
before
they
are
sent
to
the
board
.
from
Latin
administrātor
‘
manager
,
steward
’,
from
administrāre
‘
to
manage
’
adapt
verb
to
change
something
so
that
it
is
suitable
for
a
new
use
,
purpose
,
or
situation
•
Adapt
the
recipe
if
you
don
’
t
have
fresh
herbs
.
Adapt
the
recipe
if
you
don
’
t
have
fresh
herbs
.
•
The
engineer
adapted
the
old
barn
into
a
modern
studio
.
The
engineer
adapted
the
old
barn
into
a
modern
studio
.
borrowed
from
French
adapter
,
from
Latin
adaptāre
(“
to
fit
,
adjust
”).
verb
to
change
your
behavior
or
habits
in
order
to
deal
with
a
new
situation
successfully
•
After
moving
to
Canada
,
he
quickly
adapted
to
the
cold
winters
.
After
moving
to
Canada
,
he
quickly
adapted
to
the
cold
winters
.
•
Children
adapt
easily
to
new
schools
.
Children
adapt
easily
to
new
schools
.
same
origin
as
other
sense
–
Latin
adaptāre
,
meaning
‘
to
fit
’.
verb
to
change
a
book
,
play
,
or
other
work
so
it
can
be
presented
in
a
different
form
or
medium
,
such
as
a
film
or
television
show
•
The
studio
plans
to
adapt
the
novel
into
a
TV
series
.
The
studio
plans
to
adapt
the
novel
into
a
TV
series
.
•
She
adapted
the
folk
tale
for
a
children's
play
.
She
adapted
the
folk
tale
for
a
children's
play
.
modern
sense
developed
in
the
19th
century
as
literature
and
theater
began
to
be
reshaped
for
new
media
.
adviser
noun
a
person
whose
job
is
to
give
expert
ideas
and
guidance
to
someone
or
to
an
organization
•
The
company
hired
an
adviser
to
help
them
expand
into
new
markets
.
The
company
hired
an
adviser
to
help
them
expand
into
new
markets
.
•
Before
choosing
her
courses
,
Maria
met
with
her
academic
adviser
at
the
university
.
Before
choosing
her
courses
,
Maria
met
with
her
academic
adviser
at
the
university
.
From
advise
+
-er
;
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
admission
noun
permission
to
enter
a
place
,
event
,
or
organization
•
Admission
to
the
castle
is
free
for
children
under
five
.
Admission
to
the
castle
is
free
for
children
under
five
.
•
They
were
refused
admission
because
the
concert
hall
was
already
full
.
They
were
refused
admission
because
the
concert
hall
was
already
full
.
noun
the
money
you
must
pay
to
enter
a
place
or
event
•
Museum
admission
is
only
five
dollars
on
Mondays
.
Museum
admission
is
only
five
dollars
on
Mondays
.
•
I
forgot
to
budget
for
the
admission
to
the
theme
park
.
I
forgot
to
budget
for
the
admission
to
the
theme
park
.
noun
a
statement
in
which
someone
accepts
that
something
is
true
or
that
they
have
done
something
wrong
•
Her
public
admission
of
guilt
shocked
everyone
.
Her
public
admission
of
guilt
shocked
everyone
.
•
The
politician's
admission
that
he
had
lied
ended
his
career
.
The
politician's
admission
that
he
had
lied
ended
his
career
.
noun
the
act
or
process
of
allowing
someone
to
join
a
school
,
college
,
hospital
,
or
other
institution
•
She
received
an
admission
letter
from
Harvard
.
She
received
an
admission
letter
from
Harvard
.
•
Hospital
admissions
increase
during
flu
season
.
Hospital
admissions
increase
during
flu
season
.
adjustment
noun
a
small
change
made
to
something
so
it
works
or
fits
better
•
After
tightening
the
screws
,
the
technician
made
a
final
adjustment
to
the
camera
lens
so
the
picture
was
perfectly
sharp
.
After
tightening
the
screws
,
the
technician
made
a
final
adjustment
to
the
camera
lens
so
the
picture
was
perfectly
sharp
.
•
The
bicycle
seat
felt
too
low
,
so
Emma
stopped
and
did
a
quick
adjustment
by
the
roadside
.
The
bicycle
seat
felt
too
low
,
so
Emma
stopped
and
did
a
quick
adjustment
by
the
roadside
.
noun
the
process
of
becoming
familiar
with
a
new
situation
and
learning
to
deal
with
it
•
Moving
to
the
city
was
a
big
adjustment
for
Liam
after
years
of
living
on
a
farm
.
Moving
to
the
city
was
a
big
adjustment
for
Liam
after
years
of
living
on
a
farm
.
•
It
took
only
a
short
adjustment
period
before
the
puppy
felt
at
home
with
its
new
family
.
It
took
only
a
short
adjustment
period
before
the
puppy
felt
at
home
with
its
new
family
.
noun
a
change
made
in
a
financial
record
to
show
the
correct
amount
•
The
accountant
recorded
an
adjustment
to
correct
the
previous
month's
sales
figures
.
The
accountant
recorded
an
adjustment
to
correct
the
previous
month's
sales
figures
.
•
After
auditing
the
books
,
they
discovered
several
small
adjustments
were
needed
.
After
auditing
the
books
,
they
discovered
several
small
adjustments
were
needed
.
admire
verb
-
admire
,
admiring
,
admires
,
admired
to
look
at
someone
or
something
with
pleasure
because
it
is
beautiful
,
impressive
,
or
interesting
•
Tourists
stopped
to
admire
the
ancient
temple
at
sunset
.
Tourists
stopped
to
admire
the
ancient
temple
at
sunset
.
•
She
stood
in
front
of
the
mirror
and
admired
her
new
haircut
.
She
stood
in
front
of
the
mirror
and
admired
her
new
haircut
.
Same
Latin
origin
as
the
respect
sense
,
extending
to
visual
appreciation
.
verb
-
admire
,
admiring
,
admires
,
admired
to
respect
and
think
highly
of
someone
or
something
•
Many
students
admire
their
teacher
for
her
patience
and
creativity
.
Many
students
admire
their
teacher
for
her
patience
and
creativity
.
•
As
a
young
scientist
,
he
admired
Marie
Curie
’
s
dedication
to
research
.
As
a
young
scientist
,
he
admired
Marie
Curie
’
s
dedication
to
research
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
“
admirari
”
meaning
“
to
wonder
at
,
esteem
”.
administrative
adjective
connected
with
planning
,
organizing
,
and
managing
the
ordinary
,
everyday
work
of
a
business
,
school
,
or
other
organization
•
Maria
handles
the
administrative
paperwork
for
the
entire
department
.
Maria
handles
the
administrative
paperwork
for
the
entire
department
.
•
The
company
hired
an
assistant
to
reduce
the
manager's
administrative
burden
.
The
company
hired
an
assistant
to
reduce
the
manager's
administrative
burden
.
From
Latin
administrativus
“
serving
,
helping
to
manage
,”
from
administrare
“
to
manage
.”
adjective
relating
to
official
actions
,
rules
,
or
decisions
made
by
government
departments
or
public
agencies
rather
than
by
courts
•
The
agency
issued
an
administrative
order
to
close
the
unsafe
factory
.
The
agency
issued
an
administrative
order
to
close
the
unsafe
factory
.
•
She
specializes
in
administrative
law
and
represents
clients
in
disputes
with
government
departments
.
She
specializes
in
administrative
law
and
represents
clients
in
disputes
with
government
departments
.
Same
root
as
Sense
1
;
modern
legal
use
dates
from
the
19th-century
growth
of
government
agencies
.
adoption
noun
the
act
of
legally
taking
another
person
’
s
child
into
your
family
and
raising
the
child
as
your
own
•
After
years
of
paperwork
,
Maria
and
Luis
celebrated
the
official
adoption
of
their
baby
girl
.
After
years
of
paperwork
,
Maria
and
Luis
celebrated
the
official
adoption
of
their
baby
girl
.
•
The
agency
guided
the
couple
through
every
step
of
the
adoption
process
.
The
agency
guided
the
couple
through
every
step
of
the
adoption
process
.
From
Latin
adoptio
,
from
adoptare
“
to
choose
for
oneself
,
take
as
one
’
s
child
.”
noun
the
act
of
taking
an
animal
from
a
shelter
or
rescue
center
into
your
home
as
a
pet
•
Shelter
volunteers
celebrated
the
adoption
of
every
puppy
that
day
.
Shelter
volunteers
celebrated
the
adoption
of
every
puppy
that
day
.
•
Low
fees
during
the
weekend
led
to
a
record
number
of
cat
adoptions
.
Low
fees
during
the
weekend
led
to
a
record
number
of
cat
adoptions
.
Applied
to
pets
in
the
mid-20th
century
as
animal
shelters
promoted
finding
permanent
homes
for
stray
animals
.
noun
the
act
of
starting
to
use
or
accept
something
new
,
such
as
an
idea
,
method
,
or
technology
•
The
rapid
adoption
of
smartphones
changed
how
people
communicate
.
The
rapid
adoption
of
smartphones
changed
how
people
communicate
.
•
Government
incentives
encouraged
the
adoption
of
electric
cars
.
Government
incentives
encouraged
the
adoption
of
electric
cars
.
Sense
developed
in
the
19th
century
as
industry
began
to
adopt
new
technologies
,
extending
the
earlier
family-related
meaning
.
have
verb
-
have
,
having
,
has
,
had
to
own
or
possess
something
•
I
have
two
brothers
and
a
sister
.
I
have
two
brothers
and
a
sister
.
•
They
have
a
big
garden
behind
their
house
.
They
have
a
big
garden
behind
their
house
.
Old
English
habban
,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
German
haben
.
verb
-
have
,
having
,
has
,
had
to
experience
or
be
affected
by
something
such
as
a
feeling
,
state
,
or
illness
•
I
have
a
terrible
headache
this
morning
.
I
have
a
terrible
headache
this
morning
.
•
She
has
a
cold
and
can't
come
today
.
She
has
a
cold
and
can't
come
today
.
verb
-
have
,
having
,
has
,
had
to
eat
or
drink
something
•
Let's
have
lunch
at
the
new
café
.
Let's
have
lunch
at
the
new
café
.
•
She
always
has
oatmeal
for
breakfast
.
She
always
has
oatmeal
for
breakfast
.
verb
-
have
,
having
,
has
,
had
to
arrange
,
hold
,
or
take
part
in
an
activity
or
event
•
We
will
have
a
meeting
at
3
p
.
m
.
We
will
have
a
meeting
at
3
p
.
m
.
•
The
city
had
a
big
parade
last
weekend
.
The
city
had
a
big
parade
last
weekend
.
verb
-
have
,
having
,
has
,
had
to
cause
or
persuade
someone
to
do
something
•
The
teacher
had
the
students
rewrite
their
essays
.
The
teacher
had
the
students
rewrite
their
essays
.
•
I'll
have
the
mechanic
check
the
brakes
.
I'll
have
the
mechanic
check
the
brakes
.
make
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
create
,
build
,
or
put
something
together
so
that
it
exists
•
Emma
made
a
colorful
card
for
her
grandma
’
s
birthday
.
Emma
made
a
colorful
card
for
her
grandma
’
s
birthday
.
•
The
carpenter
made
a
sturdy
wooden
chair
in
his
workshop
.
The
carpenter
made
a
sturdy
wooden
chair
in
his
workshop
.
Old
English
“
macian
”
meaning
“
to
build
,
create
,
or
do
”.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
cause
someone
or
something
to
do
or
become
something
•
Funny
stories
make
the
children
laugh
.
Funny
stories
make
the
children
laugh
.
•
Cold
wind
made
my
hands
numb
.
Cold
wind
made
my
hands
numb
.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
earn
or
receive
money
,
especially
as
income
or
profit
•
She
makes
$20
an
hour
at
the
bookstore
.
She
makes
$20
an
hour
at
the
bookstore
.
•
The
movie
made
millions
at
the
box
office
.
The
movie
made
millions
at
the
box
office
.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
manage
to
reach
or
attend
something
in
time
•
Did
you
make
the
last
train
home
?
Did
you
make
the
last
train
home
?
•
I
can
’
t
make
the
meeting
tomorrow
morning
.
I
can
’
t
make
the
meeting
tomorrow
morning
.
read
verb
-
read
,
reading
,
reads
to
look
at
written
or
printed
words
and
understand
their
meaning
•
Maria
learned
to
read
her
first
storybook
at
age
five
.
Maria
learned
to
read
her
first
storybook
at
age
five
.
•
On
the
beach
,
Liam
loves
to
read
while
listening
to
the
waves
.
On
the
beach
,
Liam
loves
to
read
while
listening
to
the
waves
.
Old
English
“
rǣdan
”,
meaning
‘
to
advise
,
interpret
,
read
’,
from
Proto-Germanic
*raidijan
.
verb
-
read
,
reading
,
reads
to
say
written
words
aloud
so
that
others
can
hear
them
•
The
teacher
asked
Noah
to
read
the
poem
to
the
class
.
The
teacher
asked
Noah
to
read
the
poem
to
the
class
.
•
During
bedtime
,
Dad
read
a
fairy
tale
to
his
daughter
.
During
bedtime
,
Dad
read
a
fairy
tale
to
his
daughter
.
verb
-
read
,
reading
,
reads
to
understand
or
interpret
information
from
signs
,
instruments
,
gestures
,
or
situations
•
I
can't
read
this
map
;
we're
lost
.
I
can't
read
this
map
;
we're
lost
.
•
The
nurse
read
the
thermometer
and
smiled
.
The
nurse
read
the
thermometer
and
smiled
.
noun
an
act
or
period
of
reading
,
or
something
that
is
enjoyable
to
read
•
I
like
a
quiet
read
before
bed
.
I
like
a
quiet
read
before
bed
.
•
The
article
is
an
interesting
read
about
space
travel
.
The
article
is
an
interesting
read
about
space
travel
.
bad
adjective
-
bad
,
worse
,
worst
of
poor
quality
,
unpleasant
,
or
not
good
at
all
•
The
cake
tasted
bad
,
so
no
one
ate
it
.
The
cake
tasted
bad
,
so
no
one
ate
it
.
•
His
handwriting
is
so
bad
that
I
can
hardly
read
it
.
His
handwriting
is
so
bad
that
I
can
hardly
read
it
.
adjective
-
bad
,
worse
,
worst
morally
wrong
,
harmful
,
or
evil
•
Stealing
is
bad
,
no
matter
how
small
the
item
is
.
Stealing
is
bad
,
no
matter
how
small
the
item
is
.
•
Her
parents
warned
her
to
stay
away
from
bad
people
.
Her
parents
warned
her
to
stay
away
from
bad
people
.
noun
informal
:
a
mistake
or
fault
,
especially
in
the
phrase
“
my
bad
”
•
Oops
,
bad
!
I
sent
the
wrong
file
.
Oops
,
bad
!
I
sent
the
wrong
file
.
•
She
laughed
and
said
, "
My bad
,
I'll
fix
it
right
away
."
She
laughed
and
said
, "
My bad
,
I'll
fix
it
right
away
."
adjective
-
bad
,
worse
,
worst
slang
:
extremely
good
,
impressive
,
or
tough
•
That
skateboard
trick
you
just
did
was
bad
!
That
skateboard
trick
you
just
did
was
bad
!
•
She
’
s
one
bad
drummer
;
the
crowd
loved
her
solo
.
She
’
s
one
bad
drummer
;
the
crowd
loved
her
solo
.
head
noun
the
top
part
of
your
body
that
contains
the
brain
,
eyes
,
ears
,
nose
and
mouth
•
Tom
put
a
hat
on
his
head
to
stay
warm
.
Tom
put
a
hat
on
his
head
to
stay
warm
.
•
The
ball
lightly
bounced
off
her
head
,
but
she
laughed
and
kept
playing
.
The
ball
lightly
bounced
off
her
head
,
but
she
laughed
and
kept
playing
.
Old
English
“
hēafod
”,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
German
“
Haupt
”
meaning
“
main
”
or
“
chief
”.
noun
the
part
of
the
body
at
the
top
of
the
neck
that
holds
the
brain
,
eyes
,
ears
,
nose
,
and
mouth
•
Emma
rested
her
head
on
the
pillow
and
fell
asleep
.
Emma
rested
her
head
on
the
pillow
and
fell
asleep
.
•
The
soccer
ball
bounced
off
Jake's
head
during
the
game
.
The
soccer
ball
bounced
off
Jake's
head
during
the
game
.
Old
English
hēafod
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*haubudam
,
related
to
German
Haupt
and
Dutch
hoofd
noun
the
side
of
a
coin
that
has
a
person
’
s
face
on
it
,
used
when
flipping
a
coin
to
choose
between
heads
or
tails
•
Call
head
or
tails
before
I
flip
the
coin
.
Call
head
or
tails
before
I
flip
the
coin
.
•
The
coin
landed
on
head
.
The
coin
landed
on
head
.
noun
the
person
who
leads
or
is
in
charge
of
a
group
,
organization
,
or
activity
•
Maria
was
elected
head
of
the
student
council
.
Maria
was
elected
head
of
the
student
council
.
•
The
head
of
the
company
announced
a
new
policy
.
The
head
of
the
company
announced
a
new
policy
.
Sense
extended
from
the
physical
top
part
to
the
person
positioned
at
the
top
of
a
hierarchy
in
Middle
English
.
noun
the
front
,
top
,
or
leading
part
of
something
•
Sam
sat
at
the
head
of
the
table
during
dinner
.
Sam
sat
at
the
head
of
the
table
during
dinner
.
•
There
is
a
fountain
at
the
head
of
the
street
.
There
is
a
fountain
at
the
head
of
the
street
.
Transferred
meaning
from
bodily
position
(
top
)
to
spatial
position
of
objects
by
late
Middle
English
.
noun
your
mind
or
the
place
where
you
keep
thoughts
and
memories
•
An
idea
suddenly
popped
into
my
head
.
An
idea
suddenly
popped
into
my
head
.
•
Keep
the
rules
in
your
head
during
the
exam
.
Keep
the
rules
in
your
head
during
the
exam
.
Figurative
sense
of
“
head
”
as
the
seat
of
thought
dates
from
the
14th
century
.
verb
-
head
,
heading
,
heads
,
headed
to
move
or
travel
in
a
particular
direction
•
Let
’
s
head
home
before
it
gets
dark
.
Let
’
s
head
home
before
it
gets
dark
.
•
The
ship
is
heading
north
.
The
ship
is
heading
north
.
From
earlier
sense
of
‘
to
be
at
the
head
’,
later
meaning
‘
to
move
first
toward
’.
noun
the
person
who
leads
or
is
in
charge
of
a
group
,
company
,
school
,
or
government
department
•
Ms
.
Chen
is
the
head
of
the
science
department
at
our
school
.
Ms
.
Chen
is
the
head
of
the
science
department
at
our
school
.
•
The
company
’
s
head
announced
a
new
plan
for
growth
.
The
company
’
s
head
announced
a
new
plan
for
growth
.
noun
the
top
,
front
,
or
highest
part
of
something
•
Dad
sat
at
the
head
of
the
table
.
Dad
sat
at
the
head
of
the
table
.
•
A
lighthouse
stands
at
the
head
of
the
bay
.
A
lighthouse
stands
at
the
head
of
the
bay
.
verb
-
head
,
heading
,
heads
,
headed
to
go
in
a
particular
direction
or
to
lead
a
group
to
a
place
•
Let
’
s
head
home
before
it
gets
dark
.
Let
’
s
head
home
before
it
gets
dark
.
•
The
tour
guide
will
head
the
group
to
the
castle
.
The
tour
guide
will
head
the
group
to
the
castle
.
noun
a
single
person
or
animal
when
you
are
counting
them
as
units
•
The
farmer
owns
sixty
head
of
cattle
.
The
farmer
owns
sixty
head
of
cattle
.
•
Dinner
costs
twenty
dollars
per
head
.
Dinner
costs
twenty
dollars
per
head
.
Originates
from
medieval
herd-counting
,
where
each
animal
was
tallied
by
its
head
.
verb
-
head
,
heading
,
heads
,
headed
to
be
in
charge
of
or
lead
something
•
She
will
head
the
marketing
team
.
She
will
head
the
marketing
team
.
•
Dr
.
Kim
heads
the
research
project
.
Dr
.
Kim
heads
the
research
project
.
Same
root
as
noun
‘
head
’,
referring
to
the
person
at
the
top
,
first
recorded
as
a
verb
in
the
15th
century
.
adjective
main
or
most
important
•
He
was
promoted
to
head
chef
.
He
was
promoted
to
head
chef
.
•
The
school
has
a
head
teacher
and
several
assistants
.
The
school
has
a
head
teacher
and
several
assistants
.
Use
of
‘
head
’
before
another
noun
to
mean
‘
chief
’
dates
from
the
16th
century
.
noun
-
head
the
layer
of
tiny
bubbles
that
forms
on
the
top
of
a
glass
of
beer
•
The
beer
had
a
thick
head
when
it
was
first
poured
.
The
beer
had
a
thick
head
when
it
was
first
poured
.
•
Wait
a
moment
for
the
head
to
settle
before
drinking
.
Wait
a
moment
for
the
head
to
settle
before
drinking
.
noun
-
head
a
single
animal
or
person
when
counting
large
groups
,
especially
of
farm
animals
like
cattle
or
sheep
•
The
rancher
owns
200
head
of
cattle
.
The
rancher
owns
200
head
of
cattle
.
•
They
counted
thirty
head
of
deer
in
the
park
.
They
counted
thirty
head
of
deer
in
the
park
.
already
adverb
before
now
or
earlier
than
expected
,
often
by
the
time
being
talked
about
•
I
have
already
finished
my
homework
,
so
I
can
watch
TV
.
I
have
already
finished
my
homework
,
so
I
can
watch
TV
.
•
Spring
has
already
arrived
,
and
the
garden
is
full
of
flowers
.
Spring
has
already
arrived
,
and
the
garden
is
full
of
flowers
.
Formed
from
the
Middle
English
phrase
“
all
ready
,”
originally
meaning
“
fully
prepared
,”
which
gradually
shifted
to
the
modern
sense
of
“
before
now
.”
adverb
used
in
questions
,
requests
,
or
orders
to
show
impatience
or
emphasis
,
meaning
immediately
or
right
now
•
Come
on
,
hurry
up
already
!
Come
on
,
hurry
up
already
!
•
Enough
already
—
turn
the
music
down
.
Enough
already
—
turn
the
music
down
.
Same
origin
as
the
main
sense
,
but
this
emphatic
use
arose
in
American
English
Yiddish-influenced
speech
in
the
early
20th
century
.
lead
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
guide
a
person
,
animal
,
or
group
so
that
they
go
with
you
or
follow
you
to
a
place
or
into
an
activity
•
The
tour
guide
led
the
visitors
through
the
ancient
castle
.
The
tour
guide
led
the
visitors
through
the
ancient
castle
.
•
If
you
know
the
way
,
please
lead
us
to
the
train
station
.
If
you
know
the
way
,
please
lead
us
to
the
train
station
.
Old
English
lǣdan
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*laidijanan
"
to
travel
,
guide
".
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
show
someone
the
way
or
go
in
front
so
that
others
can
follow
•
The
tour
guide
will
lead
us
through
the
rainforest
trail
.
The
tour
guide
will
lead
us
through
the
rainforest
trail
.
•
Please
lead
the
visitors
to
the
conference
room
.
Please
lead
the
visitors
to
the
conference
room
.
Old
English
lǣdan
“
to
guide
,
carry
,
bring
”,
related
to
“
load
”.
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
be
in
charge
of
a
group
,
organization
,
or
activity
•
She
was
chosen
to
lead
the
marketing
team
on
the
new
project
.
She
was
chosen
to
lead
the
marketing
team
on
the
new
project
.
•
During
the
crisis
,
the
mayor
led
the
city
with
calm
and
clarity
.
During
the
crisis
,
the
mayor
led
the
city
with
calm
and
clarity
.
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
cause
or
result
in
a
particular
situation
or
outcome
(
used
with
"
to
")
•
Too
much
stress
can
lead
to
health
problems
.
Too
much
stress
can
lead
to
health
problems
.
•
The
argument
led
to
a
long-lasting
friendship
after
they
resolved
it
.
The
argument
led
to
a
long-lasting
friendship
after
they
resolved
it
.
noun
the
position
of
being
ahead
of
others
in
a
race
,
competition
,
or
amount
•
Our
team
took
the
lead
in
the
final
minute
of
the
game
.
Our
team
took
the
lead
in
the
final
minute
of
the
game
.
•
She
has
a
narrow
lead
over
her
opponent
in
the
poll
.
She
has
a
narrow
lead
over
her
opponent
in
the
poll
.
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
be
in
first
place
or
have
more
points
than
others
in
a
race
,
game
,
or
competition
•
Our
team
lead
3–0
at
halftime
.
Our
team
lead
3–0
at
halftime
.
•
After
five
laps
,
the
cyclist
from
Spain
continued
to
lead
.
After
five
laps
,
the
cyclist
from
Spain
continued
to
lead
.
Extension
of
sense
“
go
first
”
from
Old
English
lǣdan
.
verb
-
lead
,
leading
,
leads
,
led
to
cause
something
to
happen
or
exist
later
,
often
used
with
"
to
"
•
Too
much
sugar
can
lead
to
health
problems
.
Too
much
sugar
can
lead
to
health
problems
.
•
His
careless
words
may
lead
to
misunderstanding
.
His
careless
words
may
lead
to
misunderstanding
.
Same
origin
as
other
verbal
senses
;
figurative
use
recorded
since
the
14th
century
.
noun
a
position
of
being
ahead
of
others
or
having
an
advantage
in
a
race
,
game
,
or
situation
•
Our
team
took
a
two-point
lead
in
the
final
minute
.
Our
team
took
a
two-point
lead
in
the
final
minute
.
•
Despite
her
early
lead
,
the
runner
finished
third
.
Despite
her
early
lead
,
the
runner
finished
third
.
From
the
verb
sense
“
be
first
”;
noun
use
attested
since
the
19th
century
.
noun
-
lead
a
heavy
,
soft
,
dull-gray
metal
,
chemical
symbol
Pb
•
Old
water
pipes
were
made
of
lead
.
Old
water
pipes
were
made
of
lead
.
•
Artists
once
used
lead
in
white
paint
.
Artists
once
used
lead
in
white
paint
.
Old
English
lēad
,
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
lood
.
noun
a
long
thin
strap
or
rope
attached
to
an
animal
to
control
it
when
walking
;
a
leash
•
Please
keep
your
dog
on
a
lead
in
the
park
.
Please
keep
your
dog
on
a
lead
in
the
park
.
•
She
bought
a
new
retractable
lead
for
her
puppy
.
She
bought
a
new
retractable
lead
for
her
puppy
.
Sense
of
"
strap
for
leading
an
animal
"
recorded
in
15th
century
.
noun
a
heavy
,
soft
,
dark-gray
metal
chemical
element
,
used
in
batteries
,
weights
,
and
shields
against
radiation
•
Old
water
pipes
were
often
made
of
lead
,
which
can
be
dangerous
.
Old
water
pipes
were
often
made
of
lead
,
which
can
be
dangerous
.
•
Car
batteries
contain
plates
of
lead
and
lead
dioxide
.
Car
batteries
contain
plates
of
lead
and
lead
dioxide
.
Old
English
lēad
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*laudan
noun
the
main
acting
role
in
a
play
,
movie
,
or
television
show
,
or
the
person
who
plays
that
role
•
He
won
an
award
for
his
performance
as
the
lead
in
the
film
.
He
won
an
award
for
his
performance
as
the
lead
in
the
film
.
•
The
director
is
still
looking
for
a
strong
female
lead
.
The
director
is
still
looking
for
a
strong
female
lead
.
noun
information
or
a
clue
that
helps
you
discover
something
,
especially
for
journalists
or
police
•
The
detective
followed
a
new
lead
in
the
robbery
case
.
The
detective
followed
a
new
lead
in
the
robbery
case
.
•
Reporters
received
a
hot
lead
about
the
celebrity
’
s
secret
wedding
.
Reporters
received
a
hot
lead
about
the
celebrity
’
s
secret
wedding
.
Transferred
sense
from
“
something
that
leads
you
forward
”
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
the
main
acting
role
in
a
play
,
film
,
or
show
,
or
the
person
who
plays
that
role
•
She
landed
the
lead
in
the
school
musical
.
She
landed
the
lead
in
the
school
musical
.
•
The
movie
’
s
male
lead
received
an
award
.
The
movie
’
s
male
lead
received
an
award
.
From
theatrical
jargon
of
the
early
19th
century
,
shortening
of
“
leading
role
”.
leader
noun
a
person
who
guides
or
directs
a
group
,
organization
,
or
country
•
The
scout
leader
taught
the
children
how
to
build
a
campfire
.
The
scout
leader
taught
the
children
how
to
build
a
campfire
.
•
Under
its
new
leader
,
the
company
launched
an
eco-friendly
product
line
.
Under
its
new
leader
,
the
company
launched
an
eco-friendly
product
line
.
From
Middle
English
leder
,
from
Old
English
lǣdere
,
the
agent
noun
of
"
lead
".
noun
the
person
or
team
that
is
ahead
of
all
others
in
a
race
,
game
,
or
competition
•
With
two
laps
left
,
the
cyclist
in
the
yellow
jersey
remained
the
leader
.
With
two
laps
left
,
the
cyclist
in
the
yellow
jersey
remained
the
leader
.
•
Spain
stayed
group
leader
after
winning
all
three
matches
.
Spain
stayed
group
leader
after
winning
all
three
matches
.
Same
origin
as
the
general
sense
,
applied
to
competitive
contexts
since
the
19th
century
.
noun
an
editorial
article
that
expresses
the
official
opinion
of
a
newspaper
•
Tomorrow's
leader
calls
for
urgent
action
on
climate
change
.
Tomorrow's
leader
calls
for
urgent
action
on
climate
change
.
•
The
paper's
front-page
leader
criticized
the
new
tax
proposals
.
The
paper's
front-page
leader
criticized
the
new
tax
proposals
.
Newspaper
sense
recorded
in
British
English
from
the
mid-19th
century
,
when
the
leading
article
appeared
prominently
at
the
front
of
the
paper
.
dead
adjective
-
dead
,
deader
,
deadest
not
alive
;
having
stopped
living
•
The
gardener
found
a
dead
bird
under
the
tree
.
The
gardener
found
a
dead
bird
under
the
tree
.
•
After
a
week
without
water
,
the
houseplant
was
completely
dead
.
After
a
week
without
water
,
the
houseplant
was
completely
dead
.
Old
English
“
dēad
”,
from
Proto-Germanic
*daudaz
.
adjective
-
dead
,
deader
,
deadest
no
longer
working
,
active
,
or
producing
power
•
My
phone
went
dead
just
before
I
could
call
you
.
My
phone
went
dead
just
before
I
could
call
you
.
•
The
car
battery
is
dead
,
so
it
won
’
t
start
.
The
car
battery
is
dead
,
so
it
won
’
t
start
.
noun
people
who
have
died
•
On
Memorial
Day
,
people
lay
flowers
to
honor
the
dead
.
On
Memorial
Day
,
people
lay
flowers
to
honor
the
dead
.
•
Legends
say
the
dead
can
speak
on
this
sacred
night
.
Legends
say
the
dead
can
speak
on
this
sacred
night
.
adverb
completely
or
exactly
•
You
were
dead
right
about
the
weather
turning
cold
.
You
were
dead
right
about
the
weather
turning
cold
.
•
The
ball
hit
him
dead
in
the
face
.
The
ball
hit
him
dead
in
the
face
.
lady
noun
-
lady
,
ladies
a
polite
word
for
an
adult
female
person
•
A
helpful
lady
showed
us
the
way
to
the
museum
.
A
helpful
lady
showed
us
the
way
to
the
museum
.
•
Please
let
the
lady
with
the
stroller
go
first
.
Please
let
the
lady
with
the
stroller
go
first
.
From
Middle
English
“
lady
”,
from
Old
English
“
hlǣfdīġe
”
meaning
‘
woman
of
the
household
’.
noun
-
lady
,
ladies
a
woman
who
behaves
in
a
polite
and
refined
way
•
Grandma
always
told
us
to
sit
up
straight
and
act
like
a
lady
.
Grandma
always
told
us
to
sit
up
straight
and
act
like
a
lady
.
•
Even
under
pressure
,
she
remained
a
true
lady
and
thanked
everyone
politely
.
Even
under
pressure
,
she
remained
a
true
lady
and
thanked
everyone
politely
.
noun
-
lady
,
ladies
(
informal
)
a
man
’
s
romantic
partner
or
wife
•
He
’
s
cooking
dinner
for
his
lady
tonight
.
He
’
s
cooking
dinner
for
his
lady
tonight
.
•
Don
’
t
keep
your
lady
waiting
outside
in
the
cold
.
Don
’
t
keep
your
lady
waiting
outside
in
the
cold
.
Lady
noun
-
Lady
,
Ladies
a
formal
title
for
the
wife
or
daughter
of
a
lord
,
or
for
a
woman
who
holds
a
rank
in
the
British
nobility
•
Lady
Diana
was
loved
for
her
charitable
work
around
the
world
.
Lady
Diana
was
loved
for
her
charitable
work
around
the
world
.
•
The
estate
was
inherited
by
Lady
Amelia
on
her
father
’
s
death
.
The
estate
was
inherited
by
Lady
Amelia
on
her
father
’
s
death
.
road
noun
a
hard
,
prepared
surface
or
track
built
so
that
cars
,
buses
,
bicycles
,
and
other
vehicles
can
travel
from
one
place
to
another
•
The
children
looked
both
ways
before
crossing
the
road
.
The
children
looked
both
ways
before
crossing
the
road
.
•
A
long
road
stretches
across
the
desert
,
shimmering
in
the
heat
.
A
long
road
stretches
across
the
desert
,
shimmering
in
the
heat
.
Old
English
"
rād
"
meaning
"
journey
on
horseback
,
riding
";
later
came
to
mean
the
track
itself
.
noun
the
activity
or
state
of
travelling
from
place
to
place
,
especially
for
work
or
over
a
long
period
•
The
band
spent
six
months
on
the
road
promoting
their
new
album
.
The
band
spent
six
months
on
the
road
promoting
their
new
album
.
•
Truck
drivers
can
feel
lonely
while
on
the
road
for
days
.
Truck
drivers
can
feel
lonely
while
on
the
road
for
days
.
Extension
of
the
primary
sense
"
road
"
to
mean
the
act
or
condition
of
travelling
along
roads
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
20th
century
.
ready
adjective
-
ready
,
readier
,
readiest
prepared
and
willing
for
something
to
happen
or
to
do
something
•
I
packed
my
suitcase
,
so
I'm
ready
to
leave
for
the
airport
.
I
packed
my
suitcase
,
so
I'm
ready
to
leave
for
the
airport
.
•
The
students
sat
quietly
,
ready
to
begin
the
test
.
The
students
sat
quietly
,
ready
to
begin
the
test
.
adjective
-
ready
,
readier
,
readiest
finished
and
available
for
immediate
use
,
eating
,
or
action
•
Dinner
is
ready
—
come
to
the
table
!
Dinner
is
ready
—
come
to
the
table
!
•
Your
report
will
be
ready
by
tomorrow
morning
.
Your
report
will
be
ready
by
tomorrow
morning
.
adjective
-
ready
,
readier
,
readiest
quick
to
respond
,
think
,
or
act
without
delay
•
She
had
a
ready
answer
for
every
question
.
She
had
a
ready
answer
for
every
question
.
•
His
ready
smile
put
everyone
at
ease
.
His
ready
smile
put
everyone
at
ease
.
verb
-
ready
,
readying
,
readies
,
readied
to
make
someone
or
something
prepared
for
use
or
action
•
The
crew
readied
the
stage
for
the
concert
.
The
crew
readied
the
stage
for
the
concert
.
•
Please
ready
yourself
;
the
guests
will
arrive
soon
.
Please
ready
yourself
;
the
guests
will
arrive
soon
.
dad
noun
an
informal
word
for
one
’
s
father
•
My
dad
taught
me
how
to
ride
a
bike
.
My
dad
taught
me
how
to
ride
a
bike
.
•
Sarah
called
her
dad
to
share
the
good
news
.
Sarah
called
her
dad
to
share
the
good
news
.
From
Middle
English
‘
dad
’,
of
nursery
origin
,
imitating
a
child
’
s
early
speech
for
‘
father
’.
decade
noun
a
period
of
ten
consecutive
years
•
She
lived
in
the
city
for
over
a
decade
before
moving
back
home
.
She
lived
in
the
city
for
over
a
decade
before
moving
back
home
.
•
Smartphones
have
changed
dramatically
in
the
last
decade
.
Smartphones
have
changed
dramatically
in
the
last
decade
.
from
French
décennie
,
via
Latin
decem
“
ten
”
+
-ade
forming
a
group
of
ten
noun
in
Roman
Catholic
practice
,
a
group
of
ten
Hail
Mary
prayers
forming
one
section
of
the
Rosary
•
The
family
gathered
after
dinner
to
pray
one
decade
of
the
Rosary
together
.
The
family
gathered
after
dinner
to
pray
one
decade
of
the
Rosary
together
.
•
She
moved
her
fingers
to
the
next
bead
,
signaling
the
start
of
a
new
decade
.
She
moved
her
fingers
to
the
next
bead
,
signaling
the
start
of
a
new
decade
.
extension
of
the
meaning
“
group
of
ten
”
to
the
ten
Hail
Marys
in
a
Rosary
noun
in
science
and
engineering
,
a
ten-fold
increase
or
decrease
in
a
quantity
on
a
logarithmic
scale
•
The
filter
’
s
gain
drops
by
six
decibels
per
decade
of
frequency
.
The
filter
’
s
gain
drops
by
six
decibels
per
decade
of
frequency
.
•
A
change
from
1
kHz
to
10
kHz
represents
one
full
decade
.
A
change
from
1
kHz
to
10
kHz
represents
one
full
decade
.
scientific
extension
of
the
time-based
use
:
a
ten-unit
jump
on
a
logarithmic
scale
also
called
a
decade
instead
adverb
used
to
say
that
one
thing
is
chosen
or
happens
in
place
of
another
thing
•
I
didn
’
t
buy
the
blue
shirt
;
I
chose
the
red
one
instead
.
I
didn
’
t
buy
the
blue
shirt
;
I
chose
the
red
one
instead
.
•
Because
the
bus
was
late
,
she
walked
to
school
instead
.
Because
the
bus
was
late
,
she
walked
to
school
instead
.
from
Middle
English
‘
in
stede
’
meaning
‘
in
place
(
of
)’
adverb
used
to
show
that
one
thing
is
chosen
,
done
,
or
happens
in
place
of
another
thing
•
I
planned
to
walk
to
school
,
but
I
took
the
bus
instead
.
I
planned
to
walk
to
school
,
but
I
took
the
bus
instead
.
•
If
you
do
not
like
tea
,
you
can
drink
coffee
instead
.
If
you
do
not
like
tea
,
you
can
drink
coffee
instead
.
From
Middle
English
'{{{
class='hover
:
underline
'
href='/dictionary/search/in
in'>stede'>in
stede
}}}'
meaning
'in
place
(
of
)
'
,
where
'stede'
meant
'place'
.
ahead
adverb
in
or
toward
a
position
in
front
or
further
forward
•
The
road
ahead
was
clear
and
empty
.
The
road
ahead
was
clear
and
empty
.
•
Please
move
a
little
ahead
so
others
can
stand
behind
you
.
Please
move
a
little
ahead
so
others
can
stand
behind
you
.
From
Middle
English
a
heed
(“
at
the
head
”),
literally
“
at
the
head
or
front
”.
adverb
at
or
during
a
future
time
•
There
are
exciting
opportunities
ahead
for
our
company
.
There
are
exciting
opportunities
ahead
for
our
company
.
•
The
weather
forecast
says
storms
lie
ahead
.
The
weather
forecast
says
storms
lie
ahead
.
adverb
in
a
forward
position
or
direction
,
in
front
of
someone
or
something
•
The
road
ahead
was
blocked
by
fallen
trees
.
The
road
ahead
was
blocked
by
fallen
trees
.
•
Keep
your
eyes
straight
ahead
while
driving
.
Keep
your
eyes
straight
ahead
while
driving
.
adverb
earlier
than
something
;
in
advance
•
Book
your
hotel
well
ahead
to
get
a
better
price
.
Book
your
hotel
well
ahead
to
get
a
better
price
.
•
The
organizers
planned
months
ahead
for
the
festival
.
The
organizers
planned
months
ahead
for
the
festival
.
adverb
in
a
leading
or
winning
position
•
Our
team
is
two
goals
ahead
at
halftime
.
Our
team
is
two
goals
ahead
at
halftime
.
•
The
company
stayed
ahead
of
its
competitors
by
innovating
.
The
company
stayed
ahead
of
its
competitors
by
innovating
.
adverb
earlier
than
the
planned
or
expected
time
•
The
project
finished
three
days
ahead
of
schedule
.
The
project
finished
three
days
ahead
of
schedule
.
•
We
arrived
ahead
of
the
tour
group
and
got
the
best
seats
.
We
arrived
ahead
of
the
tour
group
and
got
the
best
seats
.
adverb
in
the
time
that
is
coming
;
in
the
future
•
Nobody
knows
what
challenges
lie
ahead
.
Nobody
knows
what
challenges
lie
ahead
.
•
He
is
saving
money
for
the
years
ahead
.
He
is
saving
money
for
the
years
ahead
.
adverb
in
a
more
advanced
,
developed
,
or
winning
position
than
others
•
Our
team
is
two
goals
ahead
at
halftime
.
Our
team
is
two
goals
ahead
at
halftime
.
•
The
runner
pulled
ahead
in
the
final
lap
.
The
runner
pulled
ahead
in
the
final
lap
.
radio
noun
an
electronic
device
that
receives
broadcast
signals
and
plays
the
sound
through
a
speaker
•
Grandpa
keeps
an
old
radio
on
the
kitchen
shelf
that
plays
jazz
all
day
.
Grandpa
keeps
an
old
radio
on
the
kitchen
shelf
that
plays
jazz
all
day
.
•
The
battery
in
my
camping
radio
died
during
the
storm
.
The
battery
in
my
camping
radio
died
during
the
storm
.
Shortened
from
earlier
term
‘
radiotelegraphy
’,
from
Latin
radius
“
ray
”
+
Greek
tele
“
far
”.
noun
-
radio
the
system
or
medium
of
sending
and
receiving
sound
broadcasts
through
electromagnetic
waves
•
The
interview
was
aired
on
radio
last
night
.
The
interview
was
aired
on
radio
last
night
.
•
He
prefers
learning
languages
through
radio
because
he
can
listen
while
walking
.
He
prefers
learning
languages
through
radio
because
he
can
listen
while
walking
.
Developed
from
the
idea
of
“
radiating
”
waves
,
first
used
for
telegraphic
communication
in
the
early
1900s
.
noun
a
portable
or
fixed
two-way
communication
device
that
can
both
send
and
receive
voice
messages
•
The
firefighters
kept
in
touch
with
a
handheld
radio
while
inside
the
building
.
The
firefighters
kept
in
touch
with
a
handheld
radio
while
inside
the
building
.
•
Give
me
the
radio
so
I
can
call
the
base
.
Give
me
the
radio
so
I
can
call
the
base
.
Extension
of
earlier
sense
,
referring
to
devices
that
could
both
transmit
and
receive
radio
waves
,
popularized
during
World
War
II
.
verb
-
radio
,
radioing
,
radios
,
radioed
to
send
or
receive
a
message
using
radio
equipment
•
The
pilot
radioed
the
tower
for
landing
clearance
.
The
pilot
radioed
the
tower
for
landing
clearance
.
•
Please
radio
headquarters
once
you
reach
the
checkpoint
.
Please
radio
headquarters
once
you
reach
the
checkpoint
.
Verb
use
recorded
soon
after
radio
devices
became
common
,
meaning
‘
to
communicate
by
radio
’.
noun
-
radio
electromagnetic
waves
with
frequencies
suitable
for
transmitting
sound
,
data
,
or
images
through
the
air
or
space
•
Stars
emit
energy
,
including
radio
that
astronomers
can
detect
with
giant
dishes
.
Stars
emit
energy
,
including
radio
that
astronomers
can
detect
with
giant
dishes
.
•
The
scientist
measured
faint
radio
from
a
distant
galaxy
.
The
scientist
measured
faint
radio
from
a
distant
galaxy
.
Adopted
in
scientific
writing
in
the
early
20th
century
to
describe
the
‘
radius-like
’
spreading
of
invisible
waves
.
trade
noun
-
trade
the
activity
of
buying
,
selling
,
or
exchanging
goods
and
services
•
International
trade
allows
tropical
fruit
to
reach
supermarkets
in
cold
countries
.
International
trade
allows
tropical
fruit
to
reach
supermarkets
in
cold
countries
.
•
The
minister
announced
that
trade
between
the
two
nations
had
doubled
last
year
.
The
minister
announced
that
trade
between
the
two
nations
had
doubled
last
year
.
Middle
English
from
Old
English
trād
‘
a
path
,
course
of
action
’,
later
‘
business
route
,
dealings
’;
the
sense
‘
buying
and
selling
’
dates
from
the
14th
century
.
noun
a
skilled
job
or
craft
,
especially
one
that
involves
working
with
your
hands
•
After
high
school
,
Liam
decided
to
learn
the
plumbing
trade
.
After
high
school
,
Liam
decided
to
learn
the
plumbing
trade
.
•
Carpentry
is
a
trade
that
demands
precision
and
patience
.
Carpentry
is
a
trade
that
demands
precision
and
patience
.
noun
-
trade
the
business
or
customers
that
a
shop
,
company
,
or
place
receives
•
Holiday
season
usually
brings
brisk
trade
to
toy
stores
.
Holiday
season
usually
brings
brisk
trade
to
toy
stores
.
•
Since
the
road
closed
,
the
café
has
lost
a
lot
of
trade
.
Since
the
road
closed
,
the
café
has
lost
a
lot
of
trade
.
verb
-
trade
,
trading
,
trades
,
traded
to
buy
and
sell
goods
or
services
,
especially
as
a
business
•
The
company
trades
coffee
from
South
America
to
Europe
.
The
company
trades
coffee
from
South
America
to
Europe
.
•
For
centuries
,
the
city
traded
in
silk
and
spices
.
For
centuries
,
the
city
traded
in
silk
and
spices
.
verb
-
trade
,
trading
,
trades
,
traded
to
give
something
to
someone
and
receive
something
else
in
return
•
At
lunch
we
traded
sandwiches
because
I
wanted
her
tuna
one
.
At
lunch
we
traded
sandwiches
because
I
wanted
her
tuna
one
.
•
He
offered
to
trade
his
baseball
card
for
mine
.
He
offered
to
trade
his
baseball
card
for
mine
.
noun
the
general
activity
of
buying
,
selling
,
or
exchanging
goods
and
services
,
especially
between
countries
or
over
long
distances
•
For
centuries
,
trade
between
the
two
countries
passed
through
this
busy
port
.
For
centuries
,
trade
between
the
two
countries
passed
through
this
busy
port
.
•
The
internet
has
made
international
trade
much
easier
for
small
companies
.
The
internet
has
made
international
trade
much
easier
for
small
companies
.
From
Middle
English
“
trade
”
meaning
‘
path
’
or
‘
course
’,
later
‘
business
transaction
’,
probably
from
Old
English
“
tredan
”
meaning
‘
to
tread
’.
verb
-
trade
,
trading
,
trades
,
traded
to
buy
and
sell
goods
or
services
,
especially
as
a
regular
business
activity
•
The
company
trades
coffee
with
partners
all
over
the
world
.
The
company
trades
coffee
with
partners
all
over
the
world
.
•
Street
vendors
trade
throughout
the
day
,
selling
fruit
to
tourists
.
Street
vendors
trade
throughout
the
day
,
selling
fruit
to
tourists
.
noun
a
single
act
of
buying
or
selling
shares
,
currency
,
or
other
financial
assets
•
He
placed
a
trade
for
100
shares
of
the
company
.
He
placed
a
trade
for
100
shares
of
the
company
.
•
High-frequency
traders
can
execute
thousands
of
trades
a
second
.
High-frequency
traders
can
execute
thousands
of
trades
a
second
.
noun
a
particular
skilled
job
,
especially
one
that
involves
working
with
your
hands
,
such
as
carpentry
,
plumbing
,
or
baking
•
After
high
school
,
Carlos
decided
to
learn
the
electrician
’
s
trade
.
After
high
school
,
Carlos
decided
to
learn
the
electrician
’
s
trade
.
•
Skilled
people
in
the
carpentry
trade
are
always
in
demand
.
Skilled
people
in
the
carpentry
trade
are
always
in
demand
.
noun
an
exchange
where
two
people
give
each
other
one
thing
for
another
of
roughly
equal
value
•
At
lunchtime
they
made
a
trade
—
his
apple
for
her
chocolate
bar
.
At
lunchtime
they
made
a
trade
—
his
apple
for
her
chocolate
bar
.
•
The
basketball
trade
surprised
fans
when
their
star
player
was
sent
to
another
team
.
The
basketball
trade
surprised
fans
when
their
star
player
was
sent
to
another
team
.
verb
-
trade
,
trading
,
trades
,
traded
to
give
someone
one
thing
in
return
for
another
thing
•
I
’
ll
trade
you
my
comic
for
your
action
figure
.
I
’
ll
trade
you
my
comic
for
your
action
figure
.
•
They
traded
seats
so
the
tall
passenger
could
have
more
legroom
.
They
traded
seats
so
the
tall
passenger
could
have
more
legroom
.
reader
noun
a
person
who
reads
books
,
newspapers
,
or
other
written
material
,
especially
habitually
or
for
pleasure
•
The
little
girl
is
already
an
eager
reader
who
finishes
a
book
every
week
.
The
little
girl
is
already
an
eager
reader
who
finishes
a
book
every
week
.
•
The
city
library
rewards
every
young
reader
with
a
sticker
when
they
finish
a
book
.
The
city
library
rewards
every
young
reader
with
a
sticker
when
they
finish
a
book
.
noun
a
machine
or
electronic
device
that
scans
,
plays
,
or
displays
information
stored
on
paper
or
digital
media
•
He
plugged
the
memory
card
into
the
USB
reader
to
transfer
his
photos
.
He
plugged
the
memory
card
into
the
USB
reader
to
transfer
his
photos
.
•
The
ticket
inspector
waved
a
handheld
barcode
reader
over
my
phone
screen
.
The
ticket
inspector
waved
a
handheld
barcode
reader
over
my
phone
screen
.
noun
a
school
textbook
containing
short
passages
designed
to
teach
students
how
to
read
•
The
first-grade
reader
is
filled
with
colorful
pictures
and
simple
words
.
The
first-grade
reader
is
filled
with
colorful
pictures
and
simple
words
.
•
Students
took
turns
reading
aloud
from
the
class
reader
.
Students
took
turns
reading
aloud
from
the
class
reader
.
noun
a
person
employed
by
a
publisher
,
newspaper
,
or
university
to
examine
and
judge
manuscripts
,
articles
,
or
exam
papers
•
The
novelist
waited
nervously
for
the
in-house
reader
to
report
on
her
manuscript
.
The
novelist
waited
nervously
for
the
in-house
reader
to
report
on
her
manuscript
.
•
As
a
freelance
reader
,
he
spends
his
evenings
evaluating
potential
film
scripts
.
As
a
freelance
reader
,
he
spends
his
evenings
evaluating
potential
film
scripts
.
traditional
adjective
related
to
customs
,
beliefs
,
or
ways
of
doing
things
that
have
been
followed
for
a
long
time
•
During
the
festival
,
villagers
wear
traditional
costumes
made
of
bright
silk
.
During
the
festival
,
villagers
wear
traditional
costumes
made
of
bright
silk
.
•
They
served
us
a
traditional
Turkish
breakfast
with
olives
,
cheese
,
and
fresh
bread
.
They
served
us
a
traditional
Turkish
breakfast
with
olives
,
cheese
,
and
fresh
bread
.
From
Latin
traditio
(“
handover
,
passing
down
”)
through
Old
French
traditionnel
into
Middle
English
.
adjective
describing
a
person
or
attitude
that
prefers
old
customs
and
is
slow
to
accept
new
ideas
•
My
grandfather
is
very
traditional
and
prefers
handwritten
letters
over
emails
.
My
grandfather
is
very
traditional
and
prefers
handwritten
letters
over
emails
.
•
Even
in
his
cooking
,
Chef
Luis
stays
traditional
,
refusing
to
use
modern
gadgets
.
Even
in
his
cooking
,
Chef
Luis
stays
traditional
,
refusing
to
use
modern
gadgets
.
reading
noun
-
reading
the
skill
or
activity
of
looking
at
written
or
printed
words
and
understanding
them
•
He
improves
his
vocabulary
by
spending
an
hour
on
reading
every
night
.
He
improves
his
vocabulary
by
spending
an
hour
on
reading
every
night
.
•
Schools
encourage
daily
reading
to
strengthen
language
skills
.
Schools
encourage
daily
reading
to
strengthen
language
skills
.
From
the
verb
read
+
-ing
,
recorded
in
Old
English
as
"
rǣding
"
in
the
sense
of
interpreting
writing
.
verb
-
read
,
reading
,
reads
present
participle
of
read
•
She
is
reading
a
mystery
novel
on
the
train
.
She
is
reading
a
mystery
novel
on
the
train
.
•
The
students
were
reading
quietly
in
the
library
.
The
students
were
reading
quietly
in
the
library
.
noun
an
event
where
someone
reads
a
piece
of
writing
aloud
to
an
audience
•
The
author
gave
a
live
reading
of
his
new
novel
at
the
library
.
The
author
gave
a
live
reading
of
his
new
novel
at
the
library
.
•
We
attended
a
poetry
reading
downtown
on
Friday
night
.
We
attended
a
poetry
reading
downtown
on
Friday
night
.
noun
a
number
or
value
shown
by
a
measuring
instrument
•
The
thermometer
showed
a
reading
of
38°C
.
The
thermometer
showed
a
reading
of
38°C
.
•
Check
the
meter
’
s
reading
before
starting
a
new
billing
cycle
.
Check
the
meter
’
s
reading
before
starting
a
new
billing
cycle
.
noun
a
particular
interpretation
or
way
of
understanding
a
text
,
situation
,
or
set
of
facts
•
His
reading
of
the
law
suggests
we
can
appeal
.
His
reading
of
the
law
suggests
we
can
appeal
.
•
The
professor
offered
a
feminist
reading
of
the
novel
.
The
professor
offered
a
feminist
reading
of
the
novel
.
leadership
noun
-
leadership
the
ability
to
guide
,
inspire
,
and
direct
a
group
of
people
toward
a
goal
•
Her
calm
leadership
kept
the
team
focused
during
the
long
project
.
Her
calm
leadership
kept
the
team
focused
during
the
long
project
.
•
Good
leadership
means
listening
to
people
as
much
as
directing
them
.
Good
leadership
means
listening
to
people
as
much
as
directing
them
.
From
Middle
English
ledershippe
,
formed
from
leader
+
-ship
,
meaning
the
state
or
quality
of
being
a
leader
.
noun
the
group
of
people
who
lead
or
manage
an
organization
,
country
,
or
team
•
The
company's
leadership
announced
a
new
sustainability
plan
.
The
company's
leadership
announced
a
new
sustainability
plan
.
•
Students
met
with
the
school
leadership
to
discuss
campus
safety
.
Students
met
with
the
school
leadership
to
discuss
campus
safety
.
Derived
from
leader
+
-ship
;
sense
of
“
people
in
charge
”
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
.
tradition
noun
the
passing
down
of
beliefs
,
customs
,
or
ways
of
doing
things
from
one
generation
to
the
next
•
According
to
ancient
tradition
,
the
villagers
float
paper
lanterns
down
the
river
at
dusk
.
According
to
ancient
tradition
,
the
villagers
float
paper
lanterns
down
the
river
at
dusk
.
•
Music
is
a
central
part
of
West
African
tradition
.
Music
is
a
central
part
of
West
African
tradition
.
From
Latin
‘
traditio
’
meaning
‘
a
handing
over
,
delivery
’,
derived
from
‘
tradere
’ ‘
to
hand
over
’.
noun
a
specific
custom
,
ritual
,
or
practice
that
a
group
or
person
regularly
follows
because
it
has
been
done
the
same
way
for
a
long
time
•
It
’
s
a
family
tradition
to
eat
pancakes
together
every
Sunday
morning
.
It
’
s
a
family
tradition
to
eat
pancakes
together
every
Sunday
morning
.
•
My
college
’
s
strangest
tradition
is
singing
the
school
song
on
the
library
steps
at
midnight
.
My
college
’
s
strangest
tradition
is
singing
the
school
song
on
the
library
steps
at
midnight
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
Latin
‘
traditio
’
meaning
‘
handing
over
’.
grade
noun
a
number
or
letter
that
shows
how
well
someone
has
done
in
a
test
,
assignment
,
or
course
•
Maria
was
thrilled
to
see
an
A
grade
at
the
top
of
her
essay
.
Maria
was
thrilled
to
see
an
A
grade
at
the
top
of
her
essay
.
•
“
If
you
want
a
higher
grade
,
you
should
revise
your
notes
every
night
,”
the
teacher
advised
.
“
If
you
want
a
higher
grade
,
you
should
revise
your
notes
every
night
,”
the
teacher
advised
.
noun
a
level
of
elementary
or
secondary
school
that
students
enter
each
year
•
Lena
starts
fifth
grade
in
September
.
Lena
starts
fifth
grade
in
September
.
•
In
the
cafeteria
,
kids
from
every
grade
sit
together
at
long
tables
.
In
the
cafeteria
,
kids
from
every
grade
sit
together
at
long
tables
.
noun
a
particular
level
of
quality
,
size
,
or
rank
used
to
classify
things
•
The
chef
insisted
on
the
highest
grade
of
olive
oil
.
The
chef
insisted
on
the
highest
grade
of
olive
oil
.
•
They
sold
construction
lumber
in
premium
and
standard
grades
.
They
sold
construction
lumber
in
premium
and
standard
grades
.
verb
-
grade
,
grading
,
grades
,
graded
to
evaluate
academic
work
and
assign
a
score
or
mark
to
it
•
Ms
.
Patel
stayed
late
to
grade
the
science
quizzes
.
Ms
.
Patel
stayed
late
to
grade
the
science
quizzes
.
•
Professors
grade
essays
according
to
a
detailed
rubric
.
Professors
grade
essays
according
to
a
detailed
rubric
.
noun
the
degree
of
steepness
of
a
road
,
railway
,
or
piece
of
land
•
The
truck
struggled
up
the
6-percent
grade
.
The
truck
struggled
up
the
6-percent
grade
.
•
Engineers
measured
the
grade
before
laying
the
new
track
.
Engineers
measured
the
grade
before
laying
the
new
track
.
verb
-
grade
,
grading
,
grades
,
graded
to
make
a
piece
of
land
or
track
flat
and
even
•
Workers
used
bulldozers
to
grade
the
site
before
construction
began
.
Workers
used
bulldozers
to
grade
the
site
before
construction
began
.
•
The
road
crew
graded
the
gravel
path
after
the
storm
.
The
road
crew
graded
the
gravel
path
after
the
storm
.
clothes
verb
-
clothe
,
clothing
,
clothes
,
clothed
,
clad
to
put
clothes
on
someone
;
to
dress
.
•
Every
morning
,
the
mother
clothes
her
toddler
before
school
.
Every
morning
,
the
mother
clothes
her
toddler
before
school
.
•
The
charity
worker
clothes
refugees
with
warm
jackets
during
winter
.
The
charity
worker
clothes
refugees
with
warm
jackets
during
winter
.
From
Old
English
‘
clāþian
’,
related
to
‘
cloth
’.
spread
verb
-
spread
,
spreading
,
spreads
to
open
something
out
so
that
it
covers
a
wider
area
,
or
to
become
opened
out
•
He
spread
the
picnic
blanket
on
the
grass
under
the
old
oak
tree
.
He
spread
the
picnic
blanket
on
the
grass
under
the
old
oak
tree
.
•
The
peacock
proudly
spread
its
colorful
feathers
in
a
bright
garden
.
The
peacock
proudly
spread
its
colorful
feathers
in
a
bright
garden
.
Old
English
‘
spraed-an
’,
related
to
German
‘
spreiten
’,
meaning
‘
to
stretch
out
’.
verb
-
spread
,
spreading
,
spreads
to
put
a
soft
substance
onto
a
surface
in
a
thin
,
even
layer
•
Maria
spread
butter
on
her
toast
while
it
was
still
warm
.
Maria
spread
butter
on
her
toast
while
it
was
still
warm
.
•
I
spread
sunscreen
on
my
arms
before
going
to
the
beach
.
I
spread
sunscreen
on
my
arms
before
going
to
the
beach
.
verb
-
spread
,
spreading
,
spreads
to
gradually
reach
or
affect
a
larger
area
or
more
people
•
News
of
the
surprise
concert
quickly
spread
through
the
school
.
News
of
the
surprise
concert
quickly
spread
through
the
school
.
•
The
flu
spread
across
the
town
during
winter
.
The
flu
spread
across
the
town
during
winter
.
noun
a
large
and
impressive
meal
with
many
dishes
laid
out
•
Grandma
prepared
an
amazing
spread
for
the
holiday
dinner
.
Grandma
prepared
an
amazing
spread
for
the
holiday
dinner
.
•
The
buffet
offered
a
delicious
spread
of
local
seafood
.
The
buffet
offered
a
delicious
spread
of
local
seafood
.
noun
the
gradual
increase
of
something
over
a
wider
area
or
among
more
people
•
Scientists
tracked
the
spread
of
the
new
plant
species
across
the
valley
.
Scientists
tracked
the
spread
of
the
new
plant
species
across
the
valley
.
•
The
spread
of
mobile
phones
has
changed
how
people
communicate
.
The
spread
of
mobile
phones
has
changed
how
people
communicate
.
glad
adjective
-
glad
,
gladder
,
gladdest
feeling
happy
and
pleased
about
something
•
Ella
felt
glad
when
her
lost
puppy
finally
came
home
.
Ella
felt
glad
when
her
lost
puppy
finally
came
home
.
•
“
I
’
m
glad
you
could
make
it
to
the
party
tonight
,”
Mark
said
with
a
big
smile
.
“
I
’
m
glad
you
could
make
it
to
the
party
tonight
,”
Mark
said
with
a
big
smile
.
Old
English
glæd
“
bright
,
shining
;
joyful
,”
akin
to
Old
Norse
gladr
and
German
glatt
,
originally
meaning
“
smooth
,
bright
,”
later
“
cheerful
.”
adjective
-
glad
,
gladder
,
gladdest
willing
or
eager
to
do
something
because
you
think
it
is
helpful
or
good
•
I
’
d
be
glad
to
show
you
the
way
to
the
museum
.
I
’
d
be
glad
to
show
you
the
way
to
the
museum
.
•
She
said
she
was
glad
to
answer
any
questions
after
the
lecture
.
She
said
she
was
glad
to
answer
any
questions
after
the
lecture
.
adjective
-
glad
,
gladder
,
gladdest
showing
or
creating
brightness
and
cheerful
feelings
•
A
glad
chorus
of
birds
filled
the
spring
morning
air
.
A
glad
chorus
of
birds
filled
the
spring
morning
air
.
•
The
village
welcomed
the
travelers
with
glad
smiles
and
warm
fires
.
The
village
welcomed
the
travelers
with
glad
smiles
and
warm
fires
.
verb
-
glad
,
gladdening
,
glads
,
gladded
(
archaic
)
to
make
someone
happy
•
It
glads
my
heart
to
see
the
harvest
safely
gathered
.
It
glads
my
heart
to
see
the
harvest
safely
gathered
.
•
A
kind
word
may
glad
the
soul
of
a
lonely
traveler
.
A
kind
word
may
glad
the
soul
of
a
lonely
traveler
.
academic
adjective
relating
to
study
,
learning
,
or
scholarship
,
especially
in
schools
,
colleges
,
and
universities
.
•
Maria
earned
excellent
academic
grades
in
her
first
year
of
university
.
Maria
earned
excellent
academic
grades
in
her
first
year
of
university
.
•
The
school
offers
extra
academic
support
for
students
who
struggle
with
math
.
The
school
offers
extra
academic
support
for
students
who
struggle
with
math
.
From
Latin
academicus
,
relating
to
the
Academy
founded
by
Plato
.
broad
adjective
-
broad
,
broader
,
broadest
measuring
a
lot
from
side
to
side
;
having
great
width
•
The
river
was
so
broad
that
we
couldn
’
t
see
the
other
bank
.
The
river
was
so
broad
that
we
couldn
’
t
see
the
other
bank
.
•
A
broad
avenue
lined
with
autumn
trees
leads
straight
to
a
distant
mountain
.
A
broad
avenue
lined
with
autumn
trees
leads
straight
to
a
distant
mountain
.
Old
English
“
brād
”
meaning
“
wide
,
extensive
”,
related
to
Old
Norse
“
breiðr
”.
adjective
-
broad
,
broader
,
broadest
covering
many
different
subjects
or
areas
and
not
limited
to
details
•
We
only
discussed
the
broad
outline
of
the
plan
at
today
’
s
meeting
.
We
only
discussed
the
broad
outline
of
the
plan
at
today
’
s
meeting
.
•
The
documentary
gives
a
broad
overview
of
world
history
.
The
documentary
gives
a
broad
overview
of
world
history
.
adjective
-
broad
,
broader
,
broadest
(
of
an
accent
)
very
strong
and
easy
to
recognize
because
of
clear
regional
pronunciation
features
•
His
broad
Scottish
accent
made
the
tourists
smile
.
His
broad
Scottish
accent
made
the
tourists
smile
.
•
She
spoke
in
a
broad
Yorkshire
voice
on
the
radio
interview
.
She
spoke
in
a
broad
Yorkshire
voice
on
the
radio
interview
.
adjective
-
broad
,
broader
,
broadest
(
of
jokes
or
style
)
very
obvious
,
coarse
,
or
lacking
subtlety
•
The
play
relied
on
broad
comedy
and
exaggerated
gestures
.
The
play
relied
on
broad
comedy
and
exaggerated
gestures
.
•
Some
found
his
jokes
too
broad
and
predictable
.
Some
found
his
jokes
too
broad
and
predictable
.
noun
(
slang
,
often
offensive
)
a
woman
•
He
called
her
a
broad
,
which
offended
everyone
nearby
.
He
called
her
a
broad
,
which
offended
everyone
nearby
.
•
Old
gangster
movies
often
use
the
word
broad
for
female
characters
.
Old
gangster
movies
often
use
the
word
broad
for
female
characters
.
Early
20th-century
American
slang
,
possibly
from
"
broad
wife
" (
14th-century
term
for
wife
)
meaning
a
woman
.
sad
adjective
-
sad
,
sadder
,
saddest
feeling
unhappy
,
sorrowful
,
or
upset
•
Lily
felt
sad
when
her
best
friend
moved
to
another
city
.
Lily
felt
sad
when
her
best
friend
moved
to
another
city
.
•
The
movie's
ending
made
everyone
sad
.
The
movie's
ending
made
everyone
sad
.
Old
English
sæd
,
meaning
‘
sated
,
weary
’,
later
shifting
to
‘
sorrowful
’.
adjective
-
sad
,
sadder
,
saddest
making
people
feel
unhappy
or
sorry
•
It
was
a
sad
story
about
a
lost
dog
searching
for
home
.
It
was
a
sad
story
about
a
lost
dog
searching
for
home
.
•
We
heard
the
sad
news
of
the
old
man's
passing
.
We
heard
the
sad
news
of
the
old
man's
passing
.
adjective
-
sad
,
sadder
,
saddest
informal
,
used
to
criticize
something
as
weak
,
bad
,
or
disappointing
•
He
made
a
sad
excuse
for
not
doing
his
homework
.
He
made
a
sad
excuse
for
not
doing
his
homework
.
•
It's
sad
that
they
never
recycle
even
though
it's
easy
.
It's
sad
that
they
never
recycle
even
though
it's
easy
.
shadow
noun
the
dark
shape
on
a
surface
that
is
made
when
something
blocks
light
•
The
dog
chased
its
own
shadow
across
the
yard
.
The
dog
chased
its
own
shadow
across
the
yard
.
•
She
stood
under
a
streetlamp
,
and
her
long
shadow
stretched
far
down
the
empty
road
.
She
stood
under
a
streetlamp
,
and
her
long
shadow
stretched
far
down
the
empty
road
.
Old
English
"
sceadu
"
meaning
“
shade
,
darkness
”
later
evolved
into
"
shadow
".
noun
an
area
of
darkness
where
light
does
not
reach
•
They
rested
in
the
cool
shadow
of
the
ancient
oak
tree
.
They
rested
in
the
cool
shadow
of
the
ancient
oak
tree
.
•
The
mountain
village
lay
in
deep
shadow
until
the
sun
climbed
higher
.
The
mountain
village
lay
in
deep
shadow
until
the
sun
climbed
higher
.
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
closely
follows
someone
everywhere
•
His
little
brother
was
his
constant
shadow
,
copying
everything
he
did
.
His
little
brother
was
his
constant
shadow
,
copying
everything
he
did
.
•
The
detective
blended
with
the
crowd
,
acting
as
a
silent
shadow
.
The
detective
blended
with
the
crowd
,
acting
as
a
silent
shadow
.
noun
a
bad
feeling
or
event
that
makes
something
less
happy
or
bright
•
News
of
the
accident
cast
a
shadow
over
the
celebration
.
News
of
the
accident
cast
a
shadow
over
the
celebration
.
•
The
memory
of
the
war
still
hangs
like
a
shadow
on
the
town
.
The
memory
of
the
war
still
hangs
like
a
shadow
on
the
town
.
noun
a
very
small
amount
or
trace
of
something
,
especially
doubt
,
fear
,
or
hope
•
There
wasn
’
t
a
shadow
of
doubt
about
her
honesty
.
There
wasn
’
t
a
shadow
of
doubt
about
her
honesty
.
•
He
crossed
the
finish
line
without
a
shadow
of
strength
left
.
He
crossed
the
finish
line
without
a
shadow
of
strength
left
.
verb
to
follow
someone
secretly
in
order
to
watch
what
they
do
•
A
private
detective
shadowed
the
suspect
through
the
busy
market
.
A
private
detective
shadowed
the
suspect
through
the
busy
market
.
•
Spies
shadow
foreign
diplomats
during
high-level
meetings
.
Spies
shadow
foreign
diplomats
during
high-level
meetings
.
verb
to
stay
close
to
someone
at
work
to
learn
how
they
do
their
job
•
New
employees
first
shadow
an
experienced
worker
.
New
employees
first
shadow
an
experienced
worker
.
•
The
medical
student
shadowed
the
surgeon
during
a
heart
operation
.
The
medical
student
shadowed
the
surgeon
during
a
heart
operation
.
verb
to
make
an
area
or
object
slightly
dark
by
blocking
light
•
Thick
clouds
shadowed
the
valley
all
morning
.
Thick
clouds
shadowed
the
valley
all
morning
.
•
The
tall
skyscraper
shadows
the
small
park
every
afternoon
.
The
tall
skyscraper
shadows
the
small
park
every
afternoon
.
daddy
noun
-
daddy
,
daddies
an
informal
word
that
children
use
for
their
father
•
The
little
girl
cheered
when
her
daddy
lifted
her
onto
his
shoulders
.
The
little
girl
cheered
when
her
daddy
lifted
her
onto
his
shoulders
.
•
Every
night
,
Liam
asks
his
daddy
to
read
him
a
bedtime
story
.
Every
night
,
Liam
asks
his
daddy
to
read
him
a
bedtime
story
.
Formed
by
reduplication
of
the
first
syllable
of
"
dad
,"
a
childish
word
for
father
,
recorded
in
English
since
the
late
1500s
.
noun
-
daddy
,
daddies
slang
for
an
older
man
who
is
seen
as
confident
,
attractive
,
or
dominant
,
especially
in
a
sexual
or
romantic
way
•
When
the
stylish
silver-haired
newcomer
walked
in
,
several
people
whispered
, "
That
’
s
a
real
daddy
."
When
the
stylish
silver-haired
newcomer
walked
in
,
several
people
whispered
, "
That
’
s
a
real
daddy
."
•
Natalie
joked
that
she
liked
dating
a
daddy
because
he
always
knew
the
best
restaurants
in
town
.
Natalie
joked
that
she
liked
dating
a
daddy
because
he
always
knew
the
best
restaurants
in
town
.
Evolved
from
the
affectionate
term
for
father
;
by
the
late
20th
century
it
was
adopted
in
slang
to
label
an
attractive
or
dominant
older
man
.
mad
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
feeling
or
showing
strong
anger
•
Mom
got
mad
when
she
saw
the
muddy
footprints
on
the
clean
floor
.
Mom
got
mad
when
she
saw
the
muddy
footprints
on
the
clean
floor
.
•
I
was
still
mad
at
my
friend
,
so
I
didn
’
t
answer
his
texts
all
day
.
I
was
still
mad
at
my
friend
,
so
I
didn
’
t
answer
his
texts
all
day
.
Old
English
"
gemǣd
"
meaning
"
out
of
one
’
s
mind
",
later
widening
to
anger
in
American
English
.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
mentally
ill
;
not
thinking
or
behaving
in
a
normal
,
healthy
way
•
People
once
thought
the
brilliant
inventor
was
mad
because
of
his
strange
experiments
.
People
once
thought
the
brilliant
inventor
was
mad
because
of
his
strange
experiments
.
•
The
story
is
about
a
mad
scientist
who
creates
a
time
machine
.
The
story
is
about
a
mad
scientist
who
creates
a
time
machine
.
Derived
from
Old
English
“
gemǣd
”
meaning
“
out
of
one
’
s
mind
”.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
extremely
enthusiastic
or
in
love
with
someone
or
something
•
Ellie
is
mad
about
jazz
and
goes
to
live
concerts
every
weekend
.
Ellie
is
mad
about
jazz
and
goes
to
live
concerts
every
weekend
.
•
He
’
s
absolutely
mad
about
his
new
puppy
.
He
’
s
absolutely
mad
about
his
new
puppy
.
Figurative
extension
of
“
mad
”
from
mental
disturbance
to
strong
passion
in
19th-century
British
English
.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
showing
a
lack
of
good
sense
;
foolish
or
reckless
•
It
’
s
a
mad
idea
to
camp
on
the
cliff
edge
during
a
storm
.
It
’
s
a
mad
idea
to
camp
on
the
cliff
edge
during
a
storm
.
•
They
made
a
mad
dash
across
the
busy
street
without
looking
.
They
made
a
mad
dash
across
the
busy
street
without
looking
.
Sense
evolved
from
describing
mental
illness
to
describing
actions
that
appear
irrational
.
adverb
very
;
extremely
(
used
as
an
intensifier
)
•
This
new
phone
is
mad
fast
!
This
new
phone
is
mad
fast
!
•
She
was
mad
tired
after
the
double
shift
.
She
was
mad
tired
after
the
double
shift
.
Originated
in
1980s
African-American
Vernacular
English
as
an
intensifier
.
bread
noun
a
common
food
made
by
baking
a
mixture
of
flour
,
water
,
and
usually
yeast
in
an
oven
until
it
becomes
a
firm
loaf
or
slices
•
Every
morning
,
Mia
toasts
two
slices
of
bread
for
breakfast
.
Every
morning
,
Mia
toasts
two
slices
of
bread
for
breakfast
.
•
The
smell
of
freshly
baked
bread
filled
the
small
village
bakery
.
The
smell
of
freshly
baked
bread
filled
the
small
village
bakery
.
Old
English
“
brēad
,”
originally
meaning
morsel
or
bit
of
food
,
later
narrowing
to
the
baked
staple
;
related
to
German
“
Brot
.”
noun
-
bread
informal
word
for
money
,
especially
cash
needed
for
everyday
living
•
I
need
to
earn
some
bread
to
pay
my
rent
this
month
.
I
need
to
earn
some
bread
to
pay
my
rent
this
month
.
•
She
’
s
saving
her
bread
to
travel
around
South
America
next
year
.
She
’
s
saving
her
bread
to
travel
around
South
America
next
year
.
Slang
use
recorded
in
the
early
20th
century
,
likely
extending
the
idea
of
bread
as
a
basic
necessity
to
money
needed
for
living
.
verb
to
cover
food
with
a
layer
of
breadcrumbs
before
cooking
it
•
The
chef
carefully
breaded
the
chicken
pieces
before
frying
them
.
The
chef
carefully
breaded
the
chicken
pieces
before
frying
them
.
•
If
you
want
extra
crunch
,
bread
the
fish
twice
.
If
you
want
extra
crunch
,
bread
the
fish
twice
.
Verb
use
formed
from
the
noun
“
bread
,”
first
recorded
in
the
late
19th
century
to
describe
coating
food
with
breadcrumbs
.
academy
noun
-
academy
,
academies
a
school
or
college
where
people
learn
a
special
subject
or
skill
,
such
as
the
military
,
dance
,
or
cooking
•
Lucas
was
thrilled
when
he
got
a
place
at
the
naval
academy
.
Lucas
was
thrilled
when
he
got
a
place
at
the
naval
academy
.
•
The
local
football
club
opened
an
academy
to
train
young
talent
.
The
local
football
club
opened
an
academy
to
train
young
talent
.
From
Ancient
Greek
"
Akadēmía
",
the
garden
where
the
philosopher
Plato
taught
.
noun
-
academy
,
academies
in
the
UK
,
a
publicly
funded
secondary
school
that
is
run
independently
of
the
local
government
•
Her
parents
chose
the
city
academy
because
of
its
excellent
science
labs
.
Her
parents
chose
the
city
academy
because
of
its
excellent
science
labs
.
•
The
academy
converted
from
a
traditional
state
school
last
year
.
The
academy
converted
from
a
traditional
state
school
last
year
.
noun
-
academy
,
academies
an
official
organization
of
experts
in
art
,
science
,
or
another
field
that
works
to
advance
and
set
standards
in
that
field
•
The
French
Academy
decides
which
new
words
enter
the
language
.
The
French
Academy
decides
which
new
words
enter
the
language
.
•
He
was
elected
to
the
National
Academy
of
Sciences
for
his
research
.
He
was
elected
to
the
National
Academy
of
Sciences
for
his
research
.
noun
-
academy
the
world
of
universities
and
scholarly
research
,
often
referred
to
with
the
definite
article
‘
the
’
•
Some
ideas
are
popular
in
the
academy
but
not
in
the
business
world
.
Some
ideas
are
popular
in
the
academy
but
not
in
the
business
world
.
•
After
years
in
the
academy
,
he
switched
to
industry
.
After
years
in
the
academy
,
he
switched
to
industry
.
graduate
noun
a
person
who
has
successfully
completed
a
course
of
study
at
a
school
,
college
,
or
university
and
received
an
official
qualification
•
On
graduation
day
,
each
graduate
walked
across
the
stage
to
receive
a
diploma
.
On
graduation
day
,
each
graduate
walked
across
the
stage
to
receive
a
diploma
.
•
The
company
prefers
to
hire
recent
graduates
with
fresh
ideas
.
The
company
prefers
to
hire
recent
graduates
with
fresh
ideas
.
From
Medieval
Latin
graduatus
“
one
who
has
been
promoted
to
a
degree
”,
past
participle
of
graduare
“
to
take
a
degree
”,
from
Latin
gradus
“
step
”.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
to
successfully
complete
a
course
of
study
at
a
school
,
college
,
or
university
and
receive
a
degree
or
diploma
•
She
graduated
from
high
school
last
June
.
She
graduated
from
high
school
last
June
.
•
If
he
passes
all
his
exams
,
he
will
graduate
next
spring
.
If
he
passes
all
his
exams
,
he
will
graduate
next
spring
.
noun
a
person
who
has
successfully
completed
a
course
of
study
at
a
school
,
college
,
or
university
•
The
company
prefers
to
hire
recent
graduates
with
fresh
ideas
.
The
company
prefers
to
hire
recent
graduates
with
fresh
ideas
.
•
After
the
ceremony
,
the
proud
graduate
posed
for
photos
with
her
family
.
After
the
ceremony
,
the
proud
graduate
posed
for
photos
with
her
family
.
From
Medieval
Latin
graduatus
“
step
,
degree
”,
from
Latin
gradus
“
step
”.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
to
complete
a
course
of
study
and
receive
a
degree
or
diploma
,
especially
from
a
school
,
college
,
or
university
•
I
will
graduate
from
high
school
next
June
.
I
will
graduate
from
high
school
next
June
.
•
After
she
graduated
,
she
traveled
around
Europe
before
starting
work
.
After
she
graduated
,
she
traveled
around
Europe
before
starting
work
.
Same
origin
as
the
noun
:
Latin
gradus
“
step
”
→
Medieval
Latin
graduare
“
take
a
degree
”.
adjective
relating
to
or
designed
for
students
who
are
studying
for
a
degree
higher
than
a
first
degree
•
She
is
taking
a
graduate
course
in
economics
.
She
is
taking
a
graduate
course
in
economics
.
•
Only
graduate
students
can
access
the
advanced
laboratory
.
Only
graduate
students
can
access
the
advanced
laboratory
.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
(
of
a
school
or
college
)
to
award
a
degree
or
diploma
to
someone
•
The
university
graduated
over
a
thousand
students
this
year
.
The
university
graduated
over
a
thousand
students
this
year
.
•
Last
spring
,
the
academy
graduated
its
first
class
of
pilots
.
Last
spring
,
the
academy
graduated
its
first
class
of
pilots
.
Derived
from
the
sense
of
"
granting
a
grade
or
degree
"
that
developed
in
17th-century
English
universities
.
adjective
relating
to
studies
undertaken
after
earning
a
first
university
degree
•
He
applied
to
several
graduate
programs
in
engineering
.
He
applied
to
several
graduate
programs
in
engineering
.
•
She
teaches
a
graduate
course
on
environmental
policy
.
She
teaches
a
graduate
course
on
environmental
policy
.
Adjectival
use
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
to
describe
work
beyond
the
undergraduate
level
.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
for
a
school
or
university
to
award
a
degree
or
diploma
to
someone
•
The
university
graduated
over
two
thousand
students
last
year
.
The
university
graduated
over
two
thousand
students
last
year
.
•
The
medical
school
graduates
new
doctors
each
summer
.
The
medical
school
graduates
new
doctors
each
summer
.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
to
change
gradually
from
one
state
,
level
,
or
shade
to
another
•
The
road
graduates
from
flat
farmland
to
rolling
hills
.
The
road
graduates
from
flat
farmland
to
rolling
hills
.
•
Colors
graduate
from
deep
blue
at
the
top
to
pale
green
at
the
bottom
of
the
painting
.
Colors
graduate
from
deep
blue
at
the
top
to
pale
green
at
the
bottom
of
the
painting
.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
to
mark
something
with
lines
or
numbers
that
show
different
levels
or
measurements
•
The
lab
technician
carefully
graduated
the
cylinder
so
we
could
measure
liquids
accurately
.
The
lab
technician
carefully
graduated
the
cylinder
so
we
could
measure
liquids
accurately
.
•
They
graduated
the
scale
on
the
map
to
show
distance
in
kilometers
.
They
graduated
the
scale
on
the
map
to
show
distance
in
kilometers
.
Extension
of
the
idea
of
steps
or
degrees
to
physical
measurements
,
first
recorded
in
the
18th
century
.
verb
-
graduate
,
graduating
,
graduates
,
graduated
to
mark
a
container
or
instrument
with
a
series
of
lines
to
show
units
of
measurement
•
The
technician
graduated
the
test
tube
to
measure
precise
amounts
.
The
technician
graduated
the
test
tube
to
measure
precise
amounts
.
•
Workers
graduate
the
glass
flask
in
ten-milliliter
intervals
.
Workers
graduate
the
glass
flask
in
ten-milliliter
intervals
.
noun
a
glass
or
plastic
measuring
vessel
with
marked
lines
,
used
especially
in
laboratories
for
liquid
volumes
•
Pour
the
solution
into
the
graduate
to
check
its
volume
.
Pour
the
solution
into
the
graduate
to
check
its
volume
.
•
The
lab
assistant
washed
every
graduate
after
the
experiment
.
The
lab
assistant
washed
every
graduate
after
the
experiment
.
load
noun
things
,
goods
,
or
weight
that
a
person
,
animal
,
or
vehicle
is
carrying
at
one
time
•
The
donkey
struggled
under
the
heavy
load
of
firewood
.
The
donkey
struggled
under
the
heavy
load
of
firewood
.
•
We
put
the
whole
load
of
groceries
in
the
car
trunk
.
We
put
the
whole
load
of
groceries
in
the
car
trunk
.
Old
English
lād
“
way
,
journey
,
carrying
,”
later
“
that
which
is
carried
,”
related
to
lead
(
verb
)
in
the
sense
of
‘
cause
to
go
.’
noun
a
large
amount
of
work
,
tasks
,
or
responsibility
someone
has
to
deal
with
•
Our
teacher
gave
us
a
huge
load
of
homework
for
the
weekend
.
Our
teacher
gave
us
a
huge
load
of
homework
for
the
weekend
.
•
Managing
three
projects
at
once
put
a
heavy
load
on
him
.
Managing
three
projects
at
once
put
a
heavy
load
on
him
.
verb
to
put
things
or
people
onto
a
vehicle
,
container
,
or
device
so
they
can
be
moved
or
used
•
Workers
loaded
the
boxes
onto
the
ship
before
sunrise
.
Workers
loaded
the
boxes
onto
the
ship
before
sunrise
.
•
Please
load
the
dishwasher
after
dinner
.
Please
load
the
dishwasher
after
dinner
.
verb
(
computing
)
to
move
data
,
a
program
,
or
a
web
page
into
a
computer
’
s
memory
so
it
can
run
or
be
viewed
•
It
takes
only
seconds
to
load
the
game
on
this
new
console
.
It
takes
only
seconds
to
load
the
game
on
this
new
console
.
•
The
website
failed
to
load
because
of
the
weak
signal
.
The
website
failed
to
load
because
of
the
weak
signal
.
leading
adjective
most
important
,
successful
,
or
influential
in
a
particular
area
,
field
,
or
activity
.
•
Our
company
is
a
leading
producer
of
solar
panels
in
Europe
.
Our
company
is
a
leading
producer
of
solar
panels
in
Europe
.
•
The
young
scientist
won
an
award
for
her
leading
research
on
vaccines
.
The
young
scientist
won
an
award
for
her
leading
research
on
vaccines
.
noun
-
leading
the
space
between
lines
of
printed
or
typed
text
,
measured
from
baseline
to
baseline
.
•
Increasing
the
leading
made
the
article
easier
to
read
on
the
website
.
Increasing
the
leading
made
the
article
easier
to
read
on
the
website
.
•
The
designer
adjusted
the
font
size
and
leading
to
fit
the
brochure
on
one
page
.
The
designer
adjusted
the
font
size
and
leading
to
fit
the
brochure
on
one
page
.
Borrowed
from
printing
practice
in
the
1800s
,
when
thin
strips
of
lead
metal
were
placed
between
lines
of
type
to
create
space
.
stadium
noun
a
large
open
or
enclosed
structure
with
rows
of
seats
surrounding
a
field
or
stage
,
used
for
sports
events
,
concerts
,
or
other
big
gatherings
•
Crowds
of
fans
poured
into
the
newly
built
stadium
for
the
championship
match
.
Crowds
of
fans
poured
into
the
newly
built
stadium
for
the
championship
match
.
•
At
night
,
the
stadium
lights
glowed
like
a
beacon
over
the
city
skyline
.
At
night
,
the
stadium
lights
glowed
like
a
beacon
over
the
city
skyline
.
From
Latin
stadium
“
a
measure
of
length
,
racecourse
”,
later
extended
to
the
building
itself
.
noun
in
geometry
,
a
two-dimensional
shape
made
of
a
rectangle
with
semicircles
attached
to
its
shorter
sides
•
The
racetrack
had
the
shape
of
a
stadium
,
with
straight
sides
and
rounded
ends
.
The
racetrack
had
the
shape
of
a
stadium
,
with
straight
sides
and
rounded
ends
.
•
Architects
sometimes
use
the
stadium
form
when
designing
swimming
pools
.
Architects
sometimes
use
the
stadium
form
when
designing
swimming
pools
.
Named
by
analogy
to
the
running
track
of
an
ancient
stadium
,
which
shares
the
same
outline
.
noun
an
ancient
Greek
and
Roman
unit
of
length
,
roughly
185
metres
,
used
to
measure
distances
•
In
ancient
Greece
,
a
footrace
was
exactly
one
stadium
long
.
In
ancient
Greece
,
a
footrace
was
exactly
one
stadium
long
.
•
According
to
Strabo
,
the
city
walls
stretched
for
a
full
stadium
.
According
to
Strabo
,
the
city
walls
stretched
for
a
full
stadium
.
From
Latin
stadium
and
Greek
stadion
,
originally
the
length
of
the
race
in
an
ancient
footrace
,
later
treated
as
a
standard
measure
.
radical
adjective
(
informal
,
slang
)
excellent
,
impressive
,
or
very
cool
•
"
That
skateboard
trick
was
radical
!"
shouted
the
teenager
.
"
That
skateboard
trick
was
radical
!"
shouted
the
teenager
.
•
My
older
brother
says
the
1980s
music
scene
was
totally
radical
.
My
older
brother
says
the
1980s
music
scene
was
totally
radical
.
Slang
sense
emerged
in
U
.
S
.
youth
culture
during
the
late
1970s
surfing
and
skateboarding
scenes
,
using
“
radical
”
to
praise
daring
moves
.
adjective
describing
a
change
,
idea
,
or
action
that
is
extremely
different
from
what
existed
before
and
thoroughly
transforms
something
•
The
company
introduced
a
radical
new
design
that
surprised
all
its
customers
.
The
company
introduced
a
radical
new
design
that
surprised
all
its
customers
.
•
After
months
of
debate
,
the
city
council
approved
radical
reforms
to
the
school
system
.
After
months
of
debate
,
the
city
council
approved
radical
reforms
to
the
school
system
.
From
Late
Latin
radicalis
“
of
or
pertaining
to
a
root
,”
from
Latin
radix
“
root
.”
The
sense
of
"
thorough
,
fundamental
"
developed
in
English
in
the
late
14th
century
.
noun
the
√
sign
or
an
expression
containing
a
root
in
mathematics
,
such
as
√7
•
In
her
homework
,
Mia
forgot
to
write
the
radical
above
the
number
16
.
In
her
homework
,
Mia
forgot
to
write
the
radical
above
the
number
16
.
•
The
teacher
explained
how
to
simplify
a
radical
by
factoring
the
number
inside
.
The
teacher
explained
how
to
simplify
a
radical
by
factoring
the
number
inside
.
Mathematical
use
dates
from
the
17th
century
,
calling
the
root
symbol
‘
radical
sign
’
because
roots
in
Latin
are
radices
.
noun
a
person
who
holds
or
supports
extreme
political
or
social
views
and
wants
complete
change
•
The
young
radical
organized
nationwide
protests
demanding
climate
action
.
The
young
radical
organized
nationwide
protests
demanding
climate
action
.
•
Many
considered
the
novelist
a
radical
for
her
outspoken
feminist
ideas
.
Many
considered
the
novelist
a
radical
for
her
outspoken
feminist
ideas
.
Political
sense
arose
in
late
18th-century
Britain
,
where
Reformers
seeking
‘
radical
’
change
in
Parliament
were
called
Radicals
.
clothing
verb
-
clothe
,
clothing
,
clothes
,
clothed
,
clad
present
participle
of
clothe
:
putting
clothes
on
someone
or
covering
something
•
The
mother
was
clothing
her
baby
in
a
warm
yellow
onesie
.
The
mother
was
clothing
her
baby
in
a
warm
yellow
onesie
.
•
Tailors
are
clothing
the
actors
for
the
historical
film
.
Tailors
are
clothing
the
actors
for
the
historical
film
.
ambassador
noun
a
high-ranking
official
sent
by
one
government
to
live
in
another
country
and
speak
on
its
behalf
•
The
new
ambassador
presented
her
credentials
to
the
king
during
a
grand
ceremony
.
The
new
ambassador
presented
her
credentials
to
the
king
during
a
grand
ceremony
.
•
During
the
crisis
,
the
ambassador
worked
day
and
night
to
protect
citizens
living
abroad
.
During
the
crisis
,
the
ambassador
worked
day
and
night
to
protect
citizens
living
abroad
.
From
Middle
French
ambassadeur
,
from
Italian
ambasciatore
,
ultimately
from
Medieval
Latin
ambactia
meaning
‘
service
’
or
‘
mission
’.
noun
a
person
who
publicly
represents
,
supports
,
or
promotes
a
particular
organization
,
cause
,
city
,
or
brand
•
The
famous
singer
became
a
UNICEF
goodwill
ambassador
to
raise
awareness
about
clean
water
.
The
famous
singer
became
a
UNICEF
goodwill
ambassador
to
raise
awareness
about
clean
water
.
•
As
a
brand
ambassador
,
he
posts
daily
videos
highlighting
the
company
’
s
eco-friendly
products
.
As
a
brand
ambassador
,
he
posts
daily
videos
highlighting
the
company
’
s
eco-friendly
products
.
The
modern
promotional
sense
developed
metaphorically
from
the
diplomatic
sense
,
extending
the
idea
of
formal
representation
to
brands
and
causes
.
badly
adverb
-
badly
,
worse
,
worst
in
a
poor
or
unacceptable
way
;
not
well
•
She
plays
the
piano
badly
,
hitting
many
wrong
notes
.
She
plays
the
piano
badly
,
hitting
many
wrong
notes
.
•
The
paint
was
applied
so
badly
that
streaks
covered
the
wall
.
The
paint
was
applied
so
badly
that
streaks
covered
the
wall
.
Formed
from
the
adjective
“
bad
”
+
the
adverbial
suffix
“
-ly
,”
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
adverb
-
badly
,
worse
,
worst
seriously
or
severely
•
The
cyclist
was
badly
injured
in
the
accident
.
The
cyclist
was
badly
injured
in
the
accident
.
•
The
house
was
badly
damaged
by
the
storm
.
The
house
was
badly
damaged
by
the
storm
.
adverb
-
badly
,
worse
,
worst
very
much
;
to
a
great
degree
•
I
want
to
see
you
so
badly
.
I
want
to
see
you
so
badly
.
•
She
missed
her
family
badly
during
her
trip
.
She
missed
her
family
badly
during
her
trip
.
Canadian
adjective
relating
to
Canada
,
its
people
,
culture
,
or
things
that
come
from
the
country
•
We
drizzled
Canadian
maple
syrup
on
our
warm
pancakes
.
We
drizzled
Canadian
maple
syrup
on
our
warm
pancakes
.
•
The
orchestra
played
the
Canadian
national
anthem
before
the
match
began
.
The
orchestra
played
the
Canadian
national
anthem
before
the
match
began
.
Adopted
in
English
in
the
16th
century
from
the
name
Canada
,
which
comes
from
the
Laurentian
language
word
“
kanata
,”
meaning
“
village
”
or
“
settlement
.”
noun
a
person
who
is
from
Canada
or
whose
nationality
is
Canadian
•
A
friendly
Canadian
offered
to
show
us
the
way
to
the
museum
.
A
friendly
Canadian
offered
to
show
us
the
way
to
the
museum
.
•
Many
Canadians
enjoy
outdoor
sports
like
ice
hockey
.
Many
Canadians
enjoy
outdoor
sports
like
ice
hockey
.
The
noun
sense
developed
naturally
after
the
adjective
,
referring
to
people
who
lived
in
or
came
from
Canada
.
salad
noun
A
cold
dish
made
mainly
of
raw
or
lightly
cooked
vegetables
,
sometimes
mixed
with
other
foods
such
as
fruit
,
meat
,
cheese
,
or
grains
,
and
usually
served
with
a
dressing
.
•
She
made
a
fresh
salad
with
lettuce
,
tomatoes
,
and
cucumbers
for
lunch
.
She
made
a
fresh
salad
with
lettuce
,
tomatoes
,
and
cucumbers
for
lunch
.
•
At
the
picnic
,
everyone
reached
for
the
big
bowl
of
salad
first
.
At
the
picnic
,
everyone
reached
for
the
big
bowl
of
salad
first
.
Borrowed
into
English
in
the
late
14th
century
from
Old
French
salade
,
from
Latin
salāta
,
the
feminine
past
participle
of
sālō
(
to
salt
),
referring
to
a
dish
seasoned
with
salt
or
brine
.
thread
noun
a
long
,
very
thin
strand
of
cotton
,
wool
,
or
other
material
used
for
sewing
or
weaving
•
The
tailor
chose
red
thread
to
sew
the
buttons
onto
the
jacket
.
The
tailor
chose
red
thread
to
sew
the
buttons
onto
the
jacket
.
•
A
spider
spins
a
single
silken
thread
between
two
branches
.
A
spider
spins
a
single
silken
thread
between
two
branches
.
Old
English
“
þrǣd
”,
related
to
German
“
Draht
”
meaning
wire
.
verb
-
thread
,
threading
,
threads
,
threaded
to
pass
a
thread
,
string
,
or
something
long
and
thin
through
a
small
opening
,
especially
the
eye
of
a
needle
•
She
carefully
threaded
the
needle
before
beginning
to
stitch
.
She
carefully
threaded
the
needle
before
beginning
to
stitch
.
•
Could
you
help
me
thread
this
tiny
bead
onto
the
wire
?
Could
you
help
me
thread
this
tiny
bead
onto
the
wire
?
From
Old
English
“
þrǣdan
,”
meaning
‘
to
twist
or
insert
’.
noun
an
idea
,
subject
,
or
theme
that
connects
the
different
parts
of
a
story
,
conversation
,
or
argument
•
I
lost
the
thread
of
his
argument
halfway
through
the
lecture
.
I
lost
the
thread
of
his
argument
halfway
through
the
lecture
.
•
The
novel
follows
a
single
thread
of
hope
running
through
many
tragedies
.
The
novel
follows
a
single
thread
of
hope
running
through
many
tragedies
.
Metaphorical
extension
of
the
physical
sense
:
a
thin
line
that
ties
things
together
,
first
recorded
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
a
series
of
connected
messages
on
an
online
forum
,
social
media
site
,
or
email
chain
dealing
with
one
topic
•
She
started
a
new
thread
about
travel
tips
on
the
forum
.
She
started
a
new
thread
about
travel
tips
on
the
forum
.
•
The
question
was
answered
further
down
in
the
thread
.
The
question
was
answered
further
down
in
the
thread
.
Adopted
by
computer
forums
in
the
late
1980s
,
likening
linked
messages
to
a
single
strand
.
verb
-
thread
,
threading
,
threads
,
threaded
to
move
carefully
and
skilfully
through
a
crowded
or
winding
place
•
The
cyclist
threaded
through
the
heavy
traffic
with
ease
.
The
cyclist
threaded
through
the
heavy
traffic
with
ease
.
•
Tourists
thread
their
way
along
the
narrow
alley
each
evening
.
Tourists
thread
their
way
along
the
narrow
alley
each
evening
.
Figurative
use
from
the
idea
of
passing
a
thread
through
a
path
,
first
recorded
in
the
19th
century
.
noun
the
raised
spiral
ridge
around
the
outside
of
a
screw
,
bolt
,
or
inside
a
nut
that
allows
it
to
turn
and
hold
tightly
•
The
thread
on
the
bolt
was
worn
,
so
it
kept
slipping
.
The
thread
on
the
bolt
was
worn
,
so
it
kept
slipping
.
•
Make
sure
the
nut
matches
the
thread
size
of
the
screw
.
Make
sure
the
nut
matches
the
thread
size
of
the
screw
.
Mechanical
sense
from
the
16th
century
,
because
the
ridge
looks
like
a
twisted
strand
of
sewing
thread
.
headline
noun
the
large
title
at
the
top
of
a
newspaper
or
online
article
that
tells
you
what
the
story
is
about
•
I
only
needed
to
read
the
headline
to
know
the
story
was
important
.
I
only
needed
to
read
the
headline
to
know
the
story
was
important
.
•
The
magazine
used
a
bright
red
headline
to
grab
readers
’
attention
.
The
magazine
used
a
bright
red
headline
to
grab
readers
’
attention
.
head
+
line
:
first
recorded
in
the
1890s
when
newspapers
began
printing
large
titles
above
stories
.
noun
(
usually
plural
)
the
most
important
news
stories
,
announced
briefly
at
the
start
of
a
broadcast
or
talked
about
generally
•
The
morning
news
opened
with
the
world
headlines
.
The
morning
news
opened
with
the
world
headlines
.
•
Space
exploration
made
today
’
s
headlines
across
all
major
networks
.
Space
exploration
made
today
’
s
headlines
across
all
major
networks
.
verb
-
headline
,
headlining
,
headlines
,
headlined
to
be
the
main
performer
or
most
important
attraction
at
a
show
,
event
,
or
festival
•
The
famous
singer
will
headline
the
charity
concert
tonight
.
The
famous
singer
will
headline
the
charity
concert
tonight
.
•
Three
local
bands
are
set
to
headline
the
summer
festival
.
Three
local
bands
are
set
to
headline
the
summer
festival
.
extended
from
the
noun
sense
:
the
performer
whose
name
appears
in
the
largest
type
(
the
“
headline
”)
on
posters
and
programs
.
steady
adjective
-
steady
,
steadier
,
steadiest
firmly
fixed
,
balanced
,
or
not
shaking
•
Please
hold
the
ladder
steady
so
I
can
paint
the
wall
.
Please
hold
the
ladder
steady
so
I
can
paint
the
wall
.
•
The
surgeon
’
s
hands
stayed
steady
during
the
delicate
operation
.
The
surgeon
’
s
hands
stayed
steady
during
the
delicate
operation
.
Old
English
“
stede
”
meaning
place
or
position
evolved
to
describe
something
firmly
in
place
.
adjective
-
steady
,
steadier
,
steadiest
happening
or
continuing
at
the
same
rate
or
level
without
sudden
change
•
She
earns
a
steady
income
from
her
online
shop
.
She
earns
a
steady
income
from
her
online
shop
.
•
The
village
enjoyed
a
steady
supply
of
fresh
water
from
the
spring
.
The
village
enjoyed
a
steady
supply
of
fresh
water
from
the
spring
.
Sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
from
the
earlier
idea
of
being
firm
to
describing
unchanging
rates
.
interjection
used
to
tell
someone
to
slow
down
,
calm
down
,
or
be
careful
•
Steady
,
boys
!
The
horse
is
nervous
.
Steady
,
boys
!
The
horse
is
nervous
.
•
Steady
—
the
paint
is
still
wet
on
that
door
.
Steady
—
the
paint
is
still
wet
on
that
door
.
Interjection
use
arises
from
the
adjective
’
s
imperative
sense
,
first
recorded
in
nautical
commands
.
verb
-
steady
,
steadying
,
steadies
,
steadied
to
make
something
become
firm
,
balanced
,
or
stop
shaking
,
or
to
become
firm
or
balanced
•
He
steadied
the
microphone
stand
before
speaking
.
He
steadied
the
microphone
stand
before
speaking
.
•
The
ship
steadied
once
it
left
the
choppy
harbor
.
The
ship
steadied
once
it
left
the
choppy
harbor
.
Verb
use
recorded
since
late
16th
century
,
directly
from
the
adjective
.
noun
-
steady
,
steadies
(
informal
)
a
person
with
whom
someone
has
a
regular
romantic
relationship
•
Tim
asked
Maria
to
be
his
steady
after
the
school
dance
.
Tim
asked
Maria
to
be
his
steady
after
the
school
dance
.
•
My
grandma
says
she
met
her
first
steady
in
1950
.
My
grandma
says
she
met
her
first
steady
in
1950
.
From
the
phrase
“
go
steady
”
in
1940s
American
slang
,
meaning
to
date
one
person
regularly
.
fade
verb
-
fade
,
fading
,
fades
,
faded
to
become
paler
,
weaker
,
or
less
clear
and
finally
disappear
•
The
colors
of
the
old
photograph
began
to
fade
in
the
sunlight
.
The
colors
of
the
old
photograph
began
to
fade
in
the
sunlight
.
•
As
the
sun
set
behind
the
hills
,
the
light
on
the
snowy
mountain
slowly
faded
.
As
the
sun
set
behind
the
hills
,
the
light
on
the
snowy
mountain
slowly
faded
.
From
Middle
English
fade
("
to
fade
,
droop
"),
from
Old
French
fader
("
to
fade
,
droop
"),
from
Latin
fatuus
(“
foolish
,
insipid
”).
verb
-
fade
,
fading
,
fades
,
faded
to
cause
something
to
become
paler
,
weaker
,
or
less
clear
•
Repeated
washing
faded
his
favorite
jeans
until
they
looked
almost
white
.
Repeated
washing
faded
his
favorite
jeans
until
they
looked
almost
white
.
•
Time
has
faded
the
paint
on
the
old
farmhouse
shutters
.
Time
has
faded
the
paint
on
the
old
farmhouse
shutters
.
verb
-
fade
,
fading
,
fades
,
faded
in
films
,
radio
,
or
music
,
to
gradually
change
a
picture
or
sound
to
or
from
silence
,
darkness
,
or
another
scene
•
The
director
decided
to
fade
the
scene
to
black
for
dramatic
effect
.
The
director
decided
to
fade
the
scene
to
black
for
dramatic
effect
.
•
They
will
fade
the
music
when
the
narrator
begins
to
speak
.
They
will
fade
the
music
when
the
narrator
begins
to
speak
.
noun
a
gradual
loss
of
color
,
light
,
or
sound
•
The
song
ends
with
a
gentle
fade
instead
of
a
sudden
stop
.
The
song
ends
with
a
gentle
fade
instead
of
a
sudden
stop
.
•
You
can
see
the
slow
fade
of
colors
in
old
movie
posters
.
You
can
see
the
slow
fade
of
colors
in
old
movie
posters
.
noun
a
hairstyle
in
which
the
hair
is
cut
very
short
or
shaved
at
the
sides
and
back
,
gradually
getting
longer
toward
the
top
•
He
asked
the
barber
for
a
high
fade
before
the
wedding
.
He
asked
the
barber
for
a
high
fade
before
the
wedding
.
•
The
stylish
fade
made
his
haircut
look
extra
sharp
.
The
stylish
fade
made
his
haircut
look
extra
sharp
.
Originated
in
African-American
barbershops
in
the
late
20th
century
,
using
the
idea
of
color
or
length
“
fading
”
from
short
to
long
.
noun
in
golf
,
a
controlled
shot
that
curves
slightly
to
the
right
for
a
right-handed
player
(
or
to
the
left
for
a
left-handed
player
)
•
She
hit
a
gentle
fade
that
landed
softly
on
the
green
.
She
hit
a
gentle
fade
that
landed
softly
on
the
green
.
•
His
coach
advised
him
to
practice
the
fade
for
dog-leg
right
holes
.
His
coach
advised
him
to
practice
the
fade
for
dog-leg
right
holes
.
headquarters
noun
the
main
office
or
building
from
which
the
leaders
of
a
company
,
organization
,
or
institution
plan
and
control
their
activities
•
After
the
merger
,
the
company
moved
its
headquarters
to
a
shiny
new
skyscraper
in
downtown
Chicago
.
After
the
merger
,
the
company
moved
its
headquarters
to
a
shiny
new
skyscraper
in
downtown
Chicago
.
•
Visitors
can
tour
NASA's
headquarters
in
Washington
,
D
.
C
.,
where
historic
spacecraft
models
line
the
lobby
.
Visitors
can
tour
NASA's
headquarters
in
Washington
,
D
.
C
.,
where
historic
spacecraft
models
line
the
lobby
.
From
head
(
chief
)
+
quarters
(
living
or
working
place
);
first
recorded
in
the
17th
century
to
refer
to
the
place
where
authority
is
centered
.
noun
the
place
where
military
commanders
and
their
staff
direct
operations
•
The
general
spread
a
map
across
the
table
inside
field
headquarters
before
giving
orders
.
The
general
spread
a
map
across
the
table
inside
field
headquarters
before
giving
orders
.
•
Enemy
aircraft
were
sighted
only
a
few
miles
from
division
headquarters
.
Enemy
aircraft
were
sighted
only
a
few
miles
from
division
headquarters
.
Adopted
by
armies
in
the
17th
century
to
mean
the
location
where
a
commander
’
s
quarters
were
set
up
in
the
field
.
radiation
noun
-
radiation
Energy
such
as
light
,
heat
,
or
X-rays
that
travels
outward
from
a
source
in
waves
or
tiny
particles
.
•
The
radiation
from
the
sun
keeps
our
planet
warm
.
The
radiation
from
the
sun
keeps
our
planet
warm
.
•
Microwave
ovens
use
radiation
to
heat
food
quickly
.
Microwave
ovens
use
radiation
to
heat
food
quickly
.
From
Latin
radiatio
“
a
shining
,
radiation
,”
from
radius
“
ray
”,
referring
to
things
that
spread
outward
like
rays
of
light
.
noun
-
radiation
The
use
of
carefully
controlled
high-energy
rays
to
treat
diseases
,
especially
cancer
.
•
After
surgery
,
Maria
received
radiation
to
kill
any
remaining
tumor
cells
.
After
surgery
,
Maria
received
radiation
to
kill
any
remaining
tumor
cells
.
•
The
doctor
explained
that
radiation
could
shrink
the
tumor
before
the
operation
.
The
doctor
explained
that
radiation
could
shrink
the
tumor
before
the
operation
.
Extension
of
the
physical
sense
to
medicine
in
the
early
20th
century
,
when
scientists
learned
to
direct
ionizing
rays
at
diseased
tissue
.
shade
noun
a
darker
,
cooler
area
where
direct
light
is
blocked
by
something
like
a
tree
,
building
,
umbrella
,
or
cloud
•
The
hikers
sat
in
the
shade
of
a
tall
cliff
and
drank
water
.
The
hikers
sat
in
the
shade
of
a
tall
cliff
and
drank
water
.
•
Please
move
the
picnic
blanket
into
the
shade
before
the
sandwiches
get
warm
.
Please
move
the
picnic
blanket
into
the
shade
before
the
sandwiches
get
warm
.
Old
English
‘
sceadu
’
meaning
‘
shadow
,
darkness
,
shelter
from
heat
’.
noun
a
particular
lightness
or
darkness
of
a
color
;
a
slight
variation
in
hue
or
tone
•
The
painter
mixed
two
shades
of
blue
to
create
a
calm
ocean
scene
.
The
painter
mixed
two
shades
of
blue
to
create
a
calm
ocean
scene
.
•
Ella
tried
three
shades
of
red
lipstick
before
choosing
one
for
the
party
.
Ella
tried
three
shades
of
red
lipstick
before
choosing
one
for
the
party
.
Extended
sense
of
‘
shade
’
meaning
‘
degree
of
darkness
’
first
recorded
in
the
14th
century
.
verb
-
shade
,
shading
,
shades
,
shaded
to
block
or
partly
block
light
from
reaching
something
,
making
it
darker
or
cooler
•
She
raised
her
hand
to
shade
her
eyes
from
the
glaring
headlights
.
She
raised
her
hand
to
shade
her
eyes
from
the
glaring
headlights
.
•
Tall
pine
trees
shade
the
cabin
throughout
the
summer
,
keeping
it
cool
.
Tall
pine
trees
shade
the
cabin
throughout
the
summer
,
keeping
it
cool
.
From
Old
English
‘
sceadwian
’,
meaning
‘
to
protect
from
heat
or
light
’.
noun
informal
:
a
subtle
or
indirect
remark
that
shows
disrespect
or
criticism
,
often
used
in
the
phrase
“
throw
shade
”
•
During
the
interview
,
the
singer
threw shade
at
her
former
bandmates
without
saying
their
names
.
During
the
interview
,
the
singer
threw shade
at
her
former
bandmates
without
saying
their
names
.
•
His
tweet
looked
polite
,
but
everyone
knew
it
was
shade
aimed
at
the
coach
.
His
tweet
looked
polite
,
but
everyone
knew
it
was
shade
aimed
at
the
coach
.
African-American
English
,
1990s
,
popularized
by
drag
culture
and
documentaries
like
“
Paris
Is
Burning
.”
gradually
adverb
little
by
little
over
a
period
of
time
,
not
suddenly
•
The
sky
gradually
turned
pink
as
the
sun
began
to
rise
.
The
sky
gradually
turned
pink
as
the
sun
began
to
rise
.
•
After
his
injury
,
he
gradually
got
stronger
by
exercising
every
day
.
After
his
injury
,
he
gradually
got
stronger
by
exercising
every
day
.
From
gradual
+
-ly
;
gradual
comes
from
Late
Latin
gradālis
,
from
Latin
gradus
“
step
”.
widespread
adjective
existing
or
happening
in
many
places
or
among
many
people
•
Smartphone
use
is
widespread
among
teenagers
.
Smartphone
use
is
widespread
among
teenagers
.
•
There
is
widespread
support
for
the
new
community
center
.
There
is
widespread
support
for
the
new
community
center
.
From
wide
+
spread
,
originally
describing
something
physically
opened
out
;
figurative
sense
recorded
since
the
mid-1800s
.
adjective
extended
or
spread
out
over
a
wide
area
•
The
eagle
landed
with
its
wings
widespread
.
The
eagle
landed
with
its
wings
widespread
.
•
She
welcomed
the
children
with
arms
widespread
.
She
welcomed
the
children
with
arms
widespread
.
blade
noun
a
single
long
,
narrow
leaf
of
grass
or
a
similar
plant
•
A
lone
blade
of
grass
pushed
up
through
the
sidewalk
crack
.
A
lone
blade
of
grass
pushed
up
through
the
sidewalk
crack
.
•
Dew
sparkled
on
every
blade
in
the
morning
light
.
Dew
sparkled
on
every
blade
in
the
morning
light
.
noun
the
flat
,
sharp
metal
part
of
a
knife
,
sword
,
or
similar
tool
that
actually
cuts
•
The
chef
sharpened
the
blade
of
his
favorite
knife
before
slicing
the
tomatoes
.
The
chef
sharpened
the
blade
of
his
favorite
knife
before
slicing
the
tomatoes
.
•
She
touched
the
blade
carefully
to
see
how
sharp
it
was
.
She
touched
the
blade
carefully
to
see
how
sharp
it
was
.
Old
English
blæd
meant
“
leaf
”
or
“
flat
piece
”
and
later
“
cutting
edge
,”
linked
to
Proto-Germanic
*bladan
.
noun
one
of
the
flat
parts
that
spin
on
a
propeller
,
fan
,
or
turbine
to
move
air
or
water
•
Dust
gathered
on
the
ceiling
fan
’
s
blades
,
so
she
cleaned
them
with
a
cloth
.
Dust
gathered
on
the
ceiling
fan
’
s
blades
,
so
she
cleaned
them
with
a
cloth
.
•
Engineers
tested
a
new
wind-turbine
blade
design
in
the
lab
.
Engineers
tested
a
new
wind-turbine
blade
design
in
the
lab
.
noun
the
narrow
metal
strip
on
the
bottom
of
an
ice
skate
or
ski
that
slides
over
ice
or
snow
•
Sarah
wiped
the
snow
off
her
skate
blades
before
stepping
onto
the
rink
.
Sarah
wiped
the
snow
off
her
skate
blades
before
stepping
onto
the
rink
.
•
A
small
nick
in
the
blade
made
his
hockey
skate
feel
uneven
.
A
small
nick
in
the
blade
made
his
hockey
skate
feel
uneven
.
noun
INFORMAL
a
knife
or
other
sharp
weapon
,
especially
one
carried
or
used
for
fighting
•
The
detective
found
a
rusty
blade
hidden
under
the
floorboards
.
The
detective
found
a
rusty
blade
hidden
under
the
floorboards
.
•
Security
guards
confiscated
a
concealed
blade
at
the
concert
entrance
.
Security
guards
confiscated
a
concealed
blade
at
the
concert
entrance
.
noun
ARCHAIC
a
dashing
or
fashionable
young
man
•
In
the
ballroom
,
every
eye
turned
to
the
bold
young
blade
in
the
scarlet
coat
.
In
the
ballroom
,
every
eye
turned
to
the
bold
young
blade
in
the
scarlet
coat
.
•
The
old
novel
tells
of
a
reckless
blade
who
squandered
his
fortune
on
cards
.
The
old
novel
tells
of
a
reckless
blade
who
squandered
his
fortune
on
cards
.
This
sense
arose
in
the
1600s
,
comparing
a
daring
young
man
’
s
quick
wit
to
the
sharpness
of
a
sword
blade
.
deadly
adjective
-
deadly
,
deadlier
,
deadliest
able
to
cause
death
or
very
serious
harm
•
The
explorer
warned
that
the
jungle
was
full
of
deadly
snakes
.
The
explorer
warned
that
the
jungle
was
full
of
deadly
snakes
.
•
Just
one
drop
of
the
deadly
poison
could
kill
an
adult
within
minutes
.
Just
one
drop
of
the
deadly
poison
could
kill
an
adult
within
minutes
.
Old
English
dēadlīc
,
from
dēad
(“
dead
”)
+
-līc
(“
-ly
,
having
qualities
of
”).
Originally
an
adjective
;
the
adverbial
use
developed
later
.
adverb
used
for
emphasis
to
mean
extremely
or
very
•
She
was
deadly
serious
about
finishing
the
project
on
time
.
She
was
deadly
serious
about
finishing
the
project
on
time
.
•
His
opponent
was
deadly
quiet
before
the
match
began
.
His
opponent
was
deadly
quiet
before
the
match
began
.
Derived
from
the
earlier
adjective
use
,
the
adverbial
sense
began
appearing
in
the
16th
century
as
an
intensifier
.