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say
verb
-
say
,
saying
,
says
,
said
to
speak
words
so
that
other
people
can
hear
and
understand
them
•
Please
say
your
name
clearly
.
Please
say
your
name
clearly
.
•
The
students
stood
up
to
say
the
pledge
together
.
The
students
stood
up
to
say
the
pledge
together
.
verb
-
say
,
saying
,
says
,
said
to
contain
or
show
written
or
printed
words
that
give
information
•
The
sign
on
the
door
says
"
Closed
."
The
sign
on
the
door
says
"
Closed
."
•
What
does
the
map
say
about
nearby
cafés
?
What
does
the
map
say
about
nearby
cafés
?
verb
-
say
,
saying
,
says
,
said
to
give
an
opinion
or
estimate
•
I'd
say
this
cake
needs
five
more
minutes
in
the
oven
.
I'd
say
this
cake
needs
five
more
minutes
in
the
oven
.
•
What
would
you
say
is
the
best
time
to
visit
Paris
?
What
would
you
say
is
the
best
time
to
visit
Paris
?
do
verb
-
do
,
doing
,
does
,
did
,
done
Used
with
another
verb
to
form
questions
,
make
negatives
,
or
add
emphasis
;
it
has
no
meaning
by
itself
.
•
Do
you
like
apples
?
Do
you
like
apples
?
•
I
do
not
understand
the
question
.
I
do
not
understand
the
question
.
verb
-
do
,
doing
,
does
,
did
,
done
To
perform
or
carry
out
an
action
,
job
,
or
task
.
•
They
do
their
chores
on
Saturday
morning
.
They
do
their
chores
on
Saturday
morning
.
•
Can
you
do
me
a
favor
and
close
the
window
?
Can
you
do
me
a
favor
and
close
the
window
?
provide
verb
-
provide
,
providing
,
provides
,
provided
to
give
something
that
is
needed
or
wanted
to
someone
,
or
to
make
it
available
•
Local
volunteers
provide
hot
meals
to
homeless
people
every
evening
.
Local
volunteers
provide
hot
meals
to
homeless
people
every
evening
.
•
The
hotel
provides
free
Wi-Fi
in
every
room
.
The
hotel
provides
free
Wi-Fi
in
every
room
.
From
Latin
prōvidēre
“
to
foresee
,
supply
,”
from
pro
“
before
”
+
vidēre
“
to
see
.”
verb
-
provide
,
providing
,
provides
,
provided
to
earn
or
supply
the
things
that
someone
needs
to
live
,
or
to
plan
for
future
needs
,
especially
with
the
phrase
“
provide
for
”
•
After
losing
his
job
,
he
worried
about
how
he
would
provide
for
his
family
.
After
losing
his
job
,
he
worried
about
how
he
would
provide
for
his
family
.
•
The
life-insurance
policy
will
help
provide
for
the
children
if
anything
happens
.
The
life-insurance
policy
will
help
provide
for
the
children
if
anything
happens
.
verb
-
provide
,
providing
,
provides
,
provided
(
of
a
law
,
rule
,
or
agreement
)
to
state
officially
that
something
must
be
done
or
is
allowed
•
The
contract
provides
that
either
party
may
cancel
with
30
days
’
notice
.
The
contract
provides
that
either
party
may
cancel
with
30
days
’
notice
.
•
Company
policy
provides
that
employees
wear
ID
badges
at
all
times
.
Company
policy
provides
that
employees
wear
ID
badges
at
all
times
.
president
noun
the
elected
head
of
a
republic
or
other
nation
that
does
not
have
a
king
or
queen
•
The
crowd
cheered
as
the
newly
elected
president
raised
her
hand
to
take
the
oath
.
The
crowd
cheered
as
the
newly
elected
president
raised
her
hand
to
take
the
oath
.
•
The
president
met
with
neighboring
leaders
to
sign
a
climate
agreement
.
The
president
met
with
neighboring
leaders
to
sign
a
climate
agreement
.
From
Latin
prae-
(“
before
”)
+
sedere
(“
to
sit
”),
meaning
one
who
sits
before
others
,
i
.
e
.,
the
person
who
presides
.
noun
the
highest-ranking
manager
or
chief
executive
of
a
company
,
university
,
or
other
organization
•
After
ten
years
of
hard
work
,
Maria
became
president
of
the
software
company
.
After
ten
years
of
hard
work
,
Maria
became
president
of
the
software
company
.
•
The
university
president
announced
a
new
scholarship
program
for
low-income
students
.
The
university
president
announced
a
new
scholarship
program
for
low-income
students
.
noun
the
person
who
leads
and
keeps
order
during
a
formal
meeting
or
society
gathering
•
As
president
of
the
chess
club
,
Leo
opened
the
meeting
and
welcomed
new
members
.
As
president
of
the
chess
club
,
Leo
opened
the
meeting
and
welcomed
new
members
.
•
The
homeowners
’
association
president
called
the
meeting
to
order
at
7
p
.
m
.
sharp
.
The
homeowners
’
association
president
called
the
meeting
to
order
at
7
p
.
m
.
sharp
.
kid
noun
a
child
or
young
person
•
A
group
of
kids
played
tag
in
the
park
until
sunset
.
A
group
of
kids
played
tag
in
the
park
until
sunset
.
•
When
I
was
a
kid
,
I
loved
building
sandcastles
at
the
beach
.
When
I
was
a
kid
,
I
loved
building
sandcastles
at
the
beach
.
Originally
a
Scandinavian
word
meaning
“
young
goat
,”
it
began
to
be
used
for
children
in
the
16th–17th
centuries
,
likely
as
a
playful
comparison
.
noun
an
informal
word
for
a
child
•
The
park
was
full
of
laughing
kids
playing
tag
in
the
sunshine
.
The
park
was
full
of
laughing
kids
playing
tag
in
the
sunshine
.
•
As
a
kid
,
I
loved
building
sandcastles
at
the
beach
.
As
a
kid
,
I
loved
building
sandcastles
at
the
beach
.
noun
a
young
goat
•
The
farmer
bottle-fed
the
newborn
kid
in
the
barn
.
The
farmer
bottle-fed
the
newborn
kid
in
the
barn
.
•
A
mother
goat
bleated
loudly
when
her
kid
wandered
too
far
.
A
mother
goat
bleated
loudly
when
her
kid
wandered
too
far
.
From
Old
Norse
‘
kith
’
meaning
‘
young
goat
’;
retained
its
original
sense
in
farming
contexts
.
verb
-
kid
,
kidding
,
kids
,
kidded
to
joke
with
or
tease
someone
in
a
playful
way
•
I
’
m
just
kidding
—
of
course
I
remembered
your
birthday
!
I
’
m
just
kidding
—
of
course
I
remembered
your
birthday
!
•
Don
’
t
kid
me
;
I
know
the
concert
is
really
next
week
.
Don
’
t
kid
me
;
I
know
the
concert
is
really
next
week
.
Shifted
from
the
noun
sense
‘
child
’
to
mean
‘
treat
like
a
child
in
fun
,’
hence
‘
tease
lightly
’.
noun
a
young
goat
•
The
newborn
kid
wobbled
on
its
thin
legs
moments
after
birth
.
The
newborn
kid
wobbled
on
its
thin
legs
moments
after
birth
.
•
The
herd
climbed
the
rocky
hill
followed
closely
by
a
playful
kid
.
The
herd
climbed
the
rocky
hill
followed
closely
by
a
playful
kid
.
verb
-
kid
,
kidding
,
kids
,
kidded
(
of
a
goat
)
to
give
birth
•
The
nanny
goat
kidded
twins
early
this
morning
.
The
nanny
goat
kidded
twins
early
this
morning
.
•
Farmers
watch
closely
when
their
goats
are
about
to
kid
.
Farmers
watch
closely
when
their
goats
are
about
to
kid
.
Agricultural
use
extending
the
original
noun
meaning
;
recorded
since
the
19th
century
.
noun
soft
leather
made
from
the
skin
of
a
young
goat
•
The
gloves
were
sewn
from
supple
kid
for
a
luxurious
feel
.
The
gloves
were
sewn
from
supple
kid
for
a
luxurious
feel
.
•
High-end
shoes
often
use
dyed
kid
because
it
molds
easily
to
the
foot
.
High-end
shoes
often
use
dyed
kid
because
it
molds
easily
to
the
foot
.
Sense
developed
from
the
animal
skin
originally
used
;
attested
since
the
18th
century
in
glove-making
.
verb
-
kid
,
kidding
,
kids
,
kidded
to
joke
or
tease
someone
in
a
playful
way
•
Relax
,
I'm
just
kidding
with
you
about
the
test
results
.
Relax
,
I'm
just
kidding
with
you
about
the
test
results
.
•
You
must
be
kidding
—
tickets
cost
that
much
?
You
must
be
kidding
—
tickets
cost
that
much
?
noun
soft
leather
made
from
the
skin
of
a
young
goat
•
He
slipped
on
a
pair
of
sleek
black
kid
gloves
for
the
ceremony
.
He
slipped
on
a
pair
of
sleek
black
kid
gloves
for
the
ceremony
.
•
The
shoemaker
ordered
Italian
kid
to
craft
custom
heels
.
The
shoemaker
ordered
Italian
kid
to
craft
custom
heels
.
side
noun
one
of
the
two
flat
or
curved
surfaces
or
edges
that
form
the
outside
of
something
•
Please
write
your
name
on
the
left
side
of
the
paper
.
Please
write
your
name
on
the
left
side
of
the
paper
.
•
The
mountain
village
sits
on
the
sunny
side
of
the
valley
.
The
mountain
village
sits
on
the
sunny
side
of
the
valley
.
Old
English
“
sīd
”
meaning
“
flank
,
margin
,
long
surface
”,
related
to
German
“
Seite
”.
noun
either
of
two
or
more
opposing
groups
,
teams
,
or
positions
in
a
contest
,
argument
,
or
war
•
Which
side
do
you
think
will
win
the
match
tonight
?
Which
side
do
you
think
will
win
the
match
tonight
?
•
During
the
debate
,
she
carefully
listened
to
each
side
before
deciding
.
During
the
debate
,
she
carefully
listened
to
each
side
before
deciding
.
Sense
of
‘
faction
in
conflict
’
recorded
from
the
14th
century
.
noun
a
small
dish
served
in
addition
to
the
main
course
of
a
meal
•
May
I
have
a
side
of
salad
with
my
steak
?
May
I
have
a
side
of
salad
with
my
steak
?
•
Fries
are
the
most
popular
side
at
this
café
.
Fries
are
the
most
popular
side
at
this
café
.
Short
for
“
side
dish
,”
first
noted
in
American
English
early
20th
century
.
noun
a
straight
line
that
forms
part
of
the
boundary
of
a
flat
geometric
figure
•
A
square
has
four
equal
sides
.
A
square
has
four
equal
sides
.
•
The
triangle
’
s
longest
side
is
opposite
the
largest
angle
.
The
triangle
’
s
longest
side
is
opposite
the
largest
angle
.
Technical
mathematical
sense
developed
in
Latin
and
adopted
into
English
by
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
particular
aspect
of
a
person
’
s
character
or
a
situation
•
I
’
ve
never
seen
that
caring
side
of
him
before
.
I
’
ve
never
seen
that
caring
side
of
him
before
.
•
The
funny
side
of
the
story
made
everyone
relax
.
The
funny
side
of
the
story
made
everyone
relax
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
physical
part
to
abstract
aspect
,
attested
since
1600s
.
adjective
secondary
,
additional
,
or
happening
in
addition
to
the
main
thing
•
She
runs
a
small
side
business
selling
candles
online
.
She
runs
a
small
side
business
selling
candles
online
.
•
They
took
a
side
road
to
avoid
traffic
.
They
took
a
side
road
to
avoid
traffic
.
Adjectival
use
dates
to
the
early
19th
century
,
from
noun
sense
‘
part
away
from
the
center
’.
verb
-
side
,
siding
,
sides
,
sided
to
support
or
take
the
position
of
one
person
or
group
against
another
•
She
decided
to
side
with
her
colleague
during
the
dispute
.
She
decided
to
side
with
her
colleague
during
the
dispute
.
•
The
judge
cannot
side
with
either
party
before
hearing
the
facts
.
The
judge
cannot
side
with
either
party
before
hearing
the
facts
.
Verb
use
from
Middle
English
“
siden
”
meaning
‘
to
be
on
one
’
s
side
’,
14th
century
.
idea
noun
a
thought
or
concept
that
comes
into
your
mind
•
A
new
idea
popped
into
Mia's
head
while
she
was
drawing
.
A
new
idea
popped
into
Mia's
head
while
she
was
drawing
.
•
The
teacher
asked
each
student
to
share
one
idea
for
the
project
.
The
teacher
asked
each
student
to
share
one
idea
for
the
project
.
from
Greek
‘
idéa
’
meaning
‘
form
,
pattern
,
notion
’
noun
a
plan
or
suggestion
about
what
to
do
•
“
Why
don
’
t
we
order
pizza
?
That
’
s
a
great
idea
!”
“
Why
don
’
t
we
order
pizza
?
That
’
s
a
great
idea
!”
•
Julia
had
the
idea
to
meet
at
sunrise
to
avoid
the
crowds
.
Julia
had
the
idea
to
meet
at
sunrise
to
avoid
the
crowds
.
noun
knowledge
or
understanding
about
something
•
Do
you
have
any
idea
how
heavy
this
box
is
?
Do
you
have
any
idea
how
heavy
this
box
is
?
•
I
had
no
idea
that
you
were
in
town
.
I
had
no
idea
that
you
were
in
town
.
noun
the
main
purpose
or
meaning
behind
something
•
The
idea
behind
the
campaign
is
to
encourage
recycling
.
The
idea
behind
the
campaign
is
to
encourage
recycling
.
•
He
explained
the
idea
of
freedom
in
his
speech
.
He
explained
the
idea
of
freedom
in
his
speech
.
pay
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
give
money
for
something
you
buy
or
use
•
At
the
bakery
,
Lena
paid
for
a
loaf
of
bread
before
leaving
.
At
the
bakery
,
Lena
paid
for
a
loaf
of
bread
before
leaving
.
•
You
can
pay
with
cash
or
credit
card
at
the
counter
.
You
can
pay
with
cash
or
credit
card
at
the
counter
.
From
Old
French
payer
“
to
satisfy
,
pay
”,
from
Latin
pacare
“
to
appease
,
make
peace
”,
related
to
pax
“
peace
”.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
give
wages
or
salary
to
someone
for
work
•
The
company
pays
its
employees
every
Friday
.
The
company
pays
its
employees
every
Friday
.
•
Farmers
need
to
pay
seasonal
workers
fairly
.
Farmers
need
to
pay
seasonal
workers
fairly
.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
give
money
to
someone
for
goods
,
services
,
work
,
or
a
debt
•
After
finishing
lunch
,
Maria
paid
the
waiter
and
left
.
After
finishing
lunch
,
Maria
paid
the
waiter
and
left
.
•
We
always
pay
the
electricity
bill
before
the
due
date
.
We
always
pay
the
electricity
bill
before
the
due
date
.
Old
French
paier
,
from
Latin
pacare
“
to
pacify
,
satisfy
,
settle
”.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
be
profitable
,
worthwhile
,
or
bring
a
good
result
•
It
pays
to
read
the
instructions
before
starting
.
It
pays
to
read
the
instructions
before
starting
.
•
Hard
work
pays
in
the
long
run
.
Hard
work
pays
in
the
long
run
.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
be
worth
the
effort
or
bring
a
good
result
•
It
pays
to
check
your
work
before
sending
it
.
It
pays
to
check
your
work
before
sending
it
.
•
Studying
a
little
every
day
pays
in
the
long
run
.
Studying
a
little
every
day
pays
in
the
long
run
.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
suffer
or
be
punished
because
of
something
wrong
you
did
•
He
knew
he
would
pay
for
his
lies
sooner
or
later
.
He
knew
he
would
pay
for
his
lies
sooner
or
later
.
•
The
company
had
to
pay
for
ignoring
safety
rules
.
The
company
had
to
pay
for
ignoring
safety
rules
.
verb
-
pay
,
paying
,
pays
,
paid
to
give
or
direct
something
like
attention
,
respect
,
or
a
visit
to
someone
or
something
•
Please
pay
attention
to
the
safety
instructions
.
Please
pay
attention
to
the
safety
instructions
.
•
She
always
pays
respect
to
her
grandparents
by
visiting
every
weekend
.
She
always
pays
respect
to
her
grandparents
by
visiting
every
weekend
.
consider
verb
to
think
about
something
carefully
before
you
decide
what
to
do
•
Before
buying
the
car
,
Mia
took
a
day
to
consider
all
the
costs
.
Before
buying
the
car
,
Mia
took
a
day
to
consider
all
the
costs
.
•
The
school
board
will
consider
your
proposal
at
next
week's
meeting
.
The
school
board
will
consider
your
proposal
at
next
week's
meeting
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
considerer
,
from
Latin
considerare
“
to
look
at
closely
,
examine
”.
verb
to
think
of
someone
or
something
in
a
particular
way
;
to
regard
•
Many
people
consider
broccoli
a
superfood
.
Many
people
consider
broccoli
a
superfood
.
•
The
town
considers
the
old
bridge
a
historic
treasure
.
The
town
considers
the
old
bridge
a
historic
treasure
.
verb
to
think
about
other
people's
feelings
and
try
not
to
cause
them
trouble
•
Please
consider
your
neighbors
and
keep
the
music
down
after
10
p
.
m
.
Please
consider
your
neighbors
and
keep
the
music
down
after
10
p
.
m
.
•
She
always
considers
others
before
making
plans
.
She
always
considers
others
before
making
plans
.
decide
verb
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
to
choose
what
you
will
do
or
what
will
happen
after
thinking
about
different
possibilities
•
After
looking
at
the
menu
,
Mia
couldn't
decide
between
pizza
and
pasta
.
After
looking
at
the
menu
,
Mia
couldn't
decide
between
pizza
and
pasta
.
•
It
took
us
hours
to
decide
where
to
go
for
our
summer
vacation
.
It
took
us
hours
to
decide
where
to
go
for
our
summer
vacation
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
“
decidere
”
meaning
“
to
cut
off
,
determine
”;
from
“
de-
” (
off
)
+
“
caedere
” (
cut
).
verb
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
to
make
an
official
judgment
or
ruling
about
something
•
The
referee
will
decide
whether
the
goal
was
offside
.
The
referee
will
decide
whether
the
goal
was
offside
.
•
The
judge
must
decide
the
case
based
on
the
evidence
alone
.
The
judge
must
decide
the
case
based
on
the
evidence
alone
.
verb
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
to
bring
a
contest
,
situation
,
or
question
to
an
end
by
being
the
determining
factor
•
Her
late
goal
decided
the
match
.
Her
late
goal
decided
the
match
.
•
A
single
vote
decided
the
election
.
A
single
vote
decided
the
election
.
decision
noun
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
a
choice
you
make
after
thinking
about
different
possibilities
•
After
hours
of
thought
,
Maria
finally
reached
her
decision
.
After
hours
of
thought
,
Maria
finally
reached
her
decision
.
•
Choosing
the
blue
paint
was
an
easy
decision
for
the
designer
.
Choosing
the
blue
paint
was
an
easy
decision
for
the
designer
.
From
Latin
‘
decisio
’
meaning
‘
cutting
off
,
settlement
’
and
later
‘
a
conclusion
’.
noun
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
the
quality
or
ability
of
deciding
quickly
and
confidently
•
The
captain
showed
quick
decision
during
the
storm
and
saved
the
crew
.
The
captain
showed
quick
decision
during
the
storm
and
saved
the
crew
.
•
Successful
leaders
act
with
decision
instead
of
hesitating
.
Successful
leaders
act
with
decision
instead
of
hesitating
.
Same
Latin
root
as
the
primary
sense
,
emphasizing
the
act
rather
than
the
result
.
noun
-
decide
,
deciding
,
decides
,
decided
an
official
judgment
made
by
a
court
,
judge
,
or
other
authority
•
The
court's
decision
favored
the
local
community
.
The
court's
decision
favored
the
local
community
.
•
We
must
wait
for
the
judge's
decision
before
building
can
start
.
We
must
wait
for
the
judge's
decision
before
building
can
start
.
Legal
use
developed
in
the
17th
century
as
courts
formalized
written
judgments
.
evidence
noun
facts
or
information
that
show
whether
something
is
true
,
valid
,
or
really
happened
•
The
detective
collected
fingerprints
as
crucial
evidence
.
The
detective
collected
fingerprints
as
crucial
evidence
.
•
Scientists
need
solid
evidence
before
claiming
a
new
discovery
.
Scientists
need
solid
evidence
before
claiming
a
new
discovery
.
From
Latin
evidentia
“
clearness
,
proof
”,
via
Middle
French
evidence
and
Middle
English
.
noun
a
visible
sign
or
indication
that
something
exists
or
has
happened
•
There
was
no
evidence
of
snow
after
the
warm
afternoon
sun
.
There
was
no
evidence
of
snow
after
the
warm
afternoon
sun
.
•
The
wilted
leaves
were
strong
evidence
of
the
drought
.
The
wilted
leaves
were
strong
evidence
of
the
drought
.
verb
-
evidence
,
evidencing
,
evidences
,
evidenced
to
show
clearly
that
something
exists
or
is
true
;
to
demonstrate
•
The
charts
evidence
a
steady
rise
in
sales
over
five
years
.
The
charts
evidence
a
steady
rise
in
sales
over
five
years
.
•
His
tears
evidenced
how
deeply
the
movie
affected
him
.
His
tears
evidenced
how
deeply
the
movie
affected
him
.
avoid
verb
to
stay
away
from
a
person
,
place
,
or
thing
so
you
do
not
meet
or
touch
it
•
During
flu
season
,
doctors
advise
people
to
avoid
crowded
buses
.
During
flu
season
,
doctors
advise
people
to
avoid
crowded
buses
.
•
The
deer
quickly
changed
direction
to
avoid
a
passing
car
on
the
road
.
The
deer
quickly
changed
direction
to
avoid
a
passing
car
on
the
road
.
From
Middle
English
avoiden
,
from
Old
French
esvuider
“
to
empty
out
,
clear
away
,”
later
“
to
keep
away
.”
verb
to
stop
something
bad
or
unwanted
from
happening
to
you
or
someone
else
•
Sleeping
early
can
help
you
avoid
feeling
tired
at
work
.
Sleeping
early
can
help
you
avoid
feeling
tired
at
work
.
•
She
spoke
softly
to
avoid
waking
the
baby
.
She
spoke
softly
to
avoid
waking
the
baby
.
outside
preposition
on
or
to
the
outer
side
of
something
,
beyond
its
limits
•
The
kids
waited
outside
the
bakery
for
it
to
open
.
The
kids
waited
outside
the
bakery
for
it
to
open
.
•
Please
leave
your
muddy
boots
outside
the
front
door
.
Please
leave
your
muddy
boots
outside
the
front
door
.
adverb
in
or
to
the
open
air
;
not
indoors
•
It
was
so
hot
that
we
ate
lunch
outside
on
the
patio
.
It
was
so
hot
that
we
ate
lunch
outside
on
the
patio
.
•
The
children
love
playing
outside
after
school
.
The
children
love
playing
outside
after
school
.
noun
the
outer
part
,
surface
,
or
area
of
something
or
somewhere
•
The
shed
looks
small
from
the
outside
,
but
it
has
plenty
of
space
inside
.
The
shed
looks
small
from
the
outside
,
but
it
has
plenty
of
space
inside
.
•
Paint
on
the
outside
of
the
house
is
starting
to
peel
.
Paint
on
the
outside
of
the
house
is
starting
to
peel
.
adjective
located
on
or
relating
to
the
outer
side
,
surface
,
or
edge
of
something
•
Use
the
outside
lane
if
you
plan
to
turn
right
soon
.
Use
the
outside
lane
if
you
plan
to
turn
right
soon
.
•
She
wiped
the
outside
surface
of
the
window
until
it
sparkled
.
She
wiped
the
outside
surface
of
the
window
until
it
sparkled
.
preposition
not
in
or
beyond
the
limits
or
boundary
of
a
place
,
object
,
or
group
•
The
children
waited
outside
the
classroom
until
the
bell
rang
.
The
children
waited
outside
the
classroom
until
the
bell
rang
.
•
We
parked
our
bikes
outside
the
store
.
We
parked
our
bikes
outside
the
store
.
adverb
in
or
to
the
open
air
,
not
inside
a
building
or
other
enclosed
place
•
It's
sunny
,
so
let's
eat
outside
.
It's
sunny
,
so
let's
eat
outside
.
•
The
kids
are
playing
outside
in
the
snow
.
The
kids
are
playing
outside
in
the
snow
.
preposition
not
in
;
beyond
the
limits
or
confines
of
something
•
She
stood
outside
the
classroom
waiting
for
her
friend
.
She
stood
outside
the
classroom
waiting
for
her
friend
.
•
Keep
your
muddy
boots
outside
the
tent
.
Keep
your
muddy
boots
outside
the
tent
.
adjective
on
or
relating
to
the
outer
side
,
surface
,
or
area
of
something
•
The
outside
walls
need
a
fresh
coat
of
paint
.
The
outside
walls
need
a
fresh
coat
of
paint
.
•
He
put
the
ticket
in
the
outside
pocket
of
his
jacket
.
He
put
the
ticket
in
the
outside
pocket
of
his
jacket
.
noun
the
outer
side
or
surface
of
something
;
the
external
area
•
From
the
outside
,
the
cottage
looked
tiny
.
From
the
outside
,
the
cottage
looked
tiny
.
•
The
gift
box
was
plain
on
the
outside
but
beautiful
inside
.
The
gift
box
was
plain
on
the
outside
but
beautiful
inside
.
lay
verb
-
lay
,
laying
,
lays
,
laid
to
put
something
down
carefully
in
a
flat
or
resting
position
•
"
Please
lay
the
picnic
blanket
on
the
grass
,"
she
said
.
"
Please
lay
the
picnic
blanket
on
the
grass
,"
she
said
.
•
The
mason
laid
each
red
brick
perfectly
straight
along
the
garden
wall
.
The
mason
laid
each
red
brick
perfectly
straight
along
the
garden
wall
.
verb
-
lay
,
laying
,
lays
,
laid
for
a
bird
,
reptile
,
or
insect
to
produce
an
egg
outside
its
body
•
Every
morning
,
the
hen
lays
a
warm
brown
egg
in
the
nest
.
Every
morning
,
the
hen
lays
a
warm
brown
egg
in
the
nest
.
•
The
farmer
counted
how
many
eggs
the
geese
had
laid
overnight
.
The
farmer
counted
how
many
eggs
the
geese
had
laid
overnight
.
identify
verb
-
identify
,
identifying
,
identifies
,
identified
to
recognise
someone
or
something
and
say
or
show
who
or
what
they
are
•
The
witness
could
identify
the
thief
in
the
police
lineup
.
The
witness
could
identify
the
thief
in
the
police
lineup
.
•
Can
you
identify
this
bird
by
its
song
?
Can
you
identify
this
bird
by
its
song
?
From
Medieval
Latin
identificare
“
make
to
be
the
same
”,
from
Latin
idem
“
same
”
+
facere
“
to
make
”.
verb
-
identify
,
identifying
,
identifies
,
identified
to
find
or
discover
exactly
what
something
is
,
what
caused
something
,
or
where
something
is
•
Engineers
must
identify
the
source
of
the
leak
before
repairs
begin
.
Engineers
must
identify
the
source
of
the
leak
before
repairs
begin
.
•
Doctors
are
trying
to
identify
the
virus
causing
the
outbreak
.
Doctors
are
trying
to
identify
the
virus
causing
the
outbreak
.
verb
-
identify
,
identifying
,
identifies
,
identified
to
feel
that
you
understand
and
share
another
person
’
s
feelings
or
experience
,
often
expressed
with
“
with
”
•
Many
teenagers
identify
with
the
hero
of
the
story
.
Many
teenagers
identify
with
the
hero
of
the
story
.
•
She
could
identify
with
his
feelings
of
homesickness
.
She
could
identify
with
his
feelings
of
homesickness
.
candidate
noun
a
person
who
is
trying
to
get
a
job
,
win
an
election
,
or
be
chosen
for
a
position
•
Maria
decided
to
run
as
a
candidate
for
class
president
.
Maria
decided
to
run
as
a
candidate
for
class
president
.
•
The
company
interviewed
five
strong
candidates
before
making
an
offer
.
The
company
interviewed
five
strong
candidates
before
making
an
offer
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
candidatus
‘
clothed
in
white
’,
based
on
candidus
‘
white
’.
In
ancient
Rome
,
people
seeking
public
office
wore
a
white
toga
.
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
could
be
chosen
for
a
particular
purpose
or
that
is
likely
to
experience
something
•
This
distant
exoplanet
is
a
promising
candidate
for
supporting
life
.
This
distant
exoplanet
is
a
promising
candidate
for
supporting
life
.
•
Because
of
his
symptoms
,
he
is
a
likely
candidate
for
the
new
clinical
trial
.
Because
of
his
symptoms
,
he
is
a
likely
candidate
for
the
new
clinical
trial
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
candidatus
‘
clothed
in
white
’,
based
on
candidus
‘
white
’.
video
noun
a
recording
of
moving
pictures
,
with
or
without
sound
,
that
you
can
watch
on
a
screen
.
•
We
watched
a
funny
video
of
a
cat
chasing
its
tail
on
the
internet
.
We
watched
a
funny
video
of
a
cat
chasing
its
tail
on
the
internet
.
•
He
posted
a
travel
video
showing
the
snow-covered
mountains
he
climbed
.
He
posted
a
travel
video
showing
the
snow-covered
mountains
he
climbed
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
“
video
”
meaning
“
I
see
”;
in
English
,
first
used
in
the
1930s
for
television
technology
and
later
for
recorded
moving
images
.
noun
the
medium
,
system
,
or
quality
of
recording
,
transmitting
,
or
displaying
moving
visual
images
.
•
This
camera
can
shoot
in
4K
video
for
professional
projects
.
This
camera
can
shoot
in
4K
video
for
professional
projects
.
•
The
conference
call
had
clear
audio
but
the
video
kept
freezing
.
The
conference
call
had
clear
audio
but
the
video
kept
freezing
.
noun
a
short
film
made
to
accompany
a
song
,
often
featuring
the
performers
and
creative
visuals
.
•
The
band's
new
video
went
viral
within
hours
.
The
band's
new
video
went
viral
within
hours
.
•
I
love
the
choreography
in
that
K-pop
video
.
I
love
the
choreography
in
that
K-pop
video
.
verb
to
record
something
using
a
camera
that
captures
moving
images
.
•
Please
video
the
ceremony
so
we
can
watch
it
later
.
Please
video
the
ceremony
so
we
can
watch
it
later
.
•
He
videoed
the
fireworks
with
his
phone
.
He
videoed
the
fireworks
with
his
phone
.
individual
adjective
considered
separately
from
other
people
or
things
in
a
group
•
The
teacher
gave
individual
attention
to
each
child
in
the
class
.
The
teacher
gave
individual
attention
to
each
child
in
the
class
.
•
Each
individual
leaf
had
a
slightly
different
pattern
of
veins
.
Each
individual
leaf
had
a
slightly
different
pattern
of
veins
.
noun
a
single
person
or
thing
looked
at
separately
from
a
group
•
Every
individual
must
fill
out
a
registration
form
on
arrival
.
Every
individual
must
fill
out
a
registration
form
on
arrival
.
•
The
zoo
tries
to
give
each
individual
animal
enough
space
to
roam
.
The
zoo
tries
to
give
each
individual
animal
enough
space
to
roam
.
noun
a
single
person
considered
separately
from
a
group
•
Each
individual
in
the
class
must
hand
in
the
assignment
by
Friday
.
Each
individual
in
the
class
must
hand
in
the
assignment
by
Friday
.
•
The
survey
asked
every
individual
about
their
daily
eating
habits
.
The
survey
asked
every
individual
about
their
daily
eating
habits
.
adjective
relating
to
or
meant
for
one
person
or
thing
rather
than
a
group
•
Please
wrap
the
cookies
in
individual
bags
.
Please
wrap
the
cookies
in
individual
bags
.
•
Every
student
gets
individual
attention
from
the
tutor
.
Every
student
gets
individual
attention
from
the
tutor
.
adjective
showing
qualities
that
make
someone
or
something
different
and
unique
•
She
has
a
very
individual
sense
of
fashion
that
makes
her
stand
out
in
any
crowd
.
She
has
a
very
individual
sense
of
fashion
that
makes
her
stand
out
in
any
crowd
.
•
The
architect's
individual
style
combines
glass
with
reclaimed
wood
.
The
architect's
individual
style
combines
glass
with
reclaimed
wood
.
noun
a
person
,
often
one
who
is
unusual
or
interesting
in
some
way
•
He's
an
odd
individual
who
collects
antique
typewriters
.
He's
an
odd
individual
who
collects
antique
typewriters
.
•
The
police
are
looking
for
a
suspicious
individual
seen
near
the
bank
.
The
police
are
looking
for
a
suspicious
individual
seen
near
the
bank
.
noun
a
person
who
has
a
unique
or
unusual
character
•
Maya
is
quite
an
individual
—
she
wears
handmade
outfits
every
day
.
Maya
is
quite
an
individual
—
she
wears
handmade
outfits
every
day
.
•
The
company
likes
to
hire
anyone
who
is
a
creative
individual
.
The
company
likes
to
hire
anyone
who
is
a
creative
individual
.
adjective
having
a
style
,
quality
,
or
character
that
makes
someone
or
something
unique
•
The
architect
’
s
buildings
are
very
individual
and
instantly
recognizable
.
The
architect
’
s
buildings
are
very
individual
and
instantly
recognizable
.
•
He
has
an
individual
sense
of
humor
that
not
everyone
understands
.
He
has
an
individual
sense
of
humor
that
not
everyone
understands
.
Friday
noun
the
day
of
the
week
that
comes
after
Thursday
and
before
Saturday
.
•
We
always
order
pizza
on
Friday
.
We
always
order
pizza
on
Friday
.
•
The
concert
is
next
Friday
,
so
buy
your
tickets
soon
.
The
concert
is
next
Friday
,
so
buy
your
tickets
soon
.
From
Old
English
Frīgedæg
,
meaning
“
day
of
Frige
,”
the
Germanic
goddess
associated
with
love
,
aligning
with
Latin
dies
Veneris
(“
day
of
Venus
”).
noun
a
loyal
and
capable
helper
or
assistant
who
handles
many
different
tasks
.
•
As
the
CEO
’
s
trusted
Friday
,
Maria
handles
everything
from
scheduling
to
travel
.
As
the
CEO
’
s
trusted
Friday
,
Maria
handles
everything
from
scheduling
to
travel
.
•
He
’
s
my
Friday
—
I
can
rely
on
him
to
solve
any
problem
.
He
’
s
my
Friday
—
I
can
rely
on
him
to
solve
any
problem
.
From
the
character
“
Man
Friday
,”
Robinson
Crusoe
’
s
devoted
companion
in
Daniel
Defoe
’
s
1719
novel
,
later
generalized
to
describe
any
faithful
assistant
.
middle
noun
the
central
part
,
point
,
or
position
of
something
,
the
same
distance
away
from
all
edges
or
ends
•
The
boat
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
lake
.
The
boat
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
lake
.
•
Please
sign
your
name
on
the
line
in
the
middle
of
the
page
.
Please
sign
your
name
on
the
line
in
the
middle
of
the
page
.
Old
English
middel
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*midjilaz
,
related
to
mid
.
adjective
located
in
the
center
between
two
points
or
edges
•
She
sat
in
the
middle
seat
of
the
row
.
She
sat
in
the
middle
seat
of
the
row
.
•
Their
house
is
the
middle
one
on
the
street
.
Their
house
is
the
middle
one
on
the
street
.
noun
the
central
part
or
point
of
a
place
,
thing
,
or
period
of
time
•
We
sat
in
the
middle
of
the
cinema
to
get
the
best
view
.
We
sat
in
the
middle
of
the
cinema
to
get
the
best
view
.
•
A
fountain
stands
in
the
middle
of
the
town
square
,
attracting
tourists
.
A
fountain
stands
in
the
middle
of
the
town
square
,
attracting
tourists
.
Old
English
middel
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*medjaz
,
related
to
Latin
medius
meaning
"
middle
".
adjective
located
at
or
near
the
center
between
two
points
or
parts
•
She
chose
the
middle
seat
between
her
two
friends
on
the
bench
.
She
chose
the
middle
seat
between
her
two
friends
on
the
bench
.
•
The
city
added
a
middle
lane
on
the
road
for
buses
only
.
The
city
added
a
middle
lane
on
the
road
for
buses
only
.
Same
origin
as
the
noun
:
Old
English
middel
,
meaning
"
central
".
noun
the
area
around
a
person
’
s
waist
or
stomach
•
He
tied
the
belt
tightly
around
his
middle
.
He
tied
the
belt
tightly
around
his
middle
.
•
After
the
holidays
,
I
noticed
my
middle
looked
a
bit
larger
.
After
the
holidays
,
I
noticed
my
middle
looked
a
bit
larger
.
adverb
in
or
toward
the
center
•
Place
the
picture
frame
middle
on
the
shelf
.
Place
the
picture
frame
middle
on
the
shelf
.
•
The
singer
stood
middle
on
the
stage
under
the
spotlight
.
The
singer
stood
middle
on
the
stage
under
the
spotlight
.
inside
preposition
in
or
within
the
limits
or
inner
space
of
something
•
The
cat
hid
inside
the
box
when
the
fireworks
started
.
The
cat
hid
inside
the
box
when
the
fireworks
started
.
•
Please
keep
your
phone
inside
your
bag
during
the
exam
.
Please
keep
your
phone
inside
your
bag
during
the
exam
.
adverb
in
or
into
the
interior
of
a
place
or
object
•
It
’
s
cold
out
here
;
let
’
s
go
inside
.
It
’
s
cold
out
here
;
let
’
s
go
inside
.
•
She
stepped
inside
and
shook
the
snow
from
her
boots
.
She
stepped
inside
and
shook
the
snow
from
her
boots
.
preposition
in
or
to
the
inner
part
of
a
place
,
container
,
or
object
•
Please
put
the
keys
inside
the
drawer
so
you
don
’
t
lose
them
.
Please
put
the
keys
inside
the
drawer
so
you
don
’
t
lose
them
.
•
The
puppy
hid
inside
its
kennel
during
the
storm
.
The
puppy
hid
inside
its
kennel
during
the
storm
.
From
Middle
English
"
inneside
"
meaning
"
inner
part
",
literally
"
in
+
side
".
adverb
in
or
into
a
building
,
room
,
or
container
;
indoors
•
It
’
s
freezing
out
here
;
let
’
s
go
inside
.
It
’
s
freezing
out
here
;
let
’
s
go
inside
.
•
The
cat
darted
inside
when
the
rain
began
to
fall
.
The
cat
darted
inside
when
the
rain
began
to
fall
.
adjective
located
on
or
relating
to
the
inner
part
of
something
;
not
on
the
outside
or
public
•
The
inside
walls
are
covered
with
colorful
murals
.
The
inside
walls
are
covered
with
colorful
murals
.
•
I
wrote
my
name
on
the
inside
cover
of
the
book
.
I
wrote
my
name
on
the
inside
cover
of
the
book
.
noun
the
inner
part
or
surface
of
something
•
The
inside
of
the
cake
was
filled
with
strawberries
.
The
inside
of
the
cake
was
filled
with
strawberries
.
•
He
cleaned
the
inside
of
the
car
windows
.
He
cleaned
the
inside
of
the
car
windows
.
noun
the
inner
part
,
side
,
or
surface
of
something
•
The
inside
of
the
cake
was
filled
with
strawberries
and
cream
.
The
inside
of
the
cake
was
filled
with
strawberries
and
cream
.
•
He
showed
us
the
inside
of
the
antique
clock
.
He
showed
us
the
inside
of
the
antique
clock
.
adjective
located
on
or
relating
to
the
inner
part
of
something
•
The
inside
walls
were
painted
a
calming
pale
blue
.
The
inside
walls
were
painted
a
calming
pale
blue
.
•
Use
the
inside
lane
to
overtake
slower
runners
on
the
track
.
Use
the
inside
lane
to
overtake
slower
runners
on
the
track
.
hide
verb
-
hide
,
hiding
,
hides
,
hid
,
hidden
to
put
something
in
a
place
where
people
cannot
see
or
find
it
•
Maria
decided
to
hide
the
birthday
presents
in
the
closet
so
her
son
wouldn
’
t
find
them
.
Maria
decided
to
hide
the
birthday
presents
in
the
closet
so
her
son
wouldn
’
t
find
them
.
•
The
spy
tried
to
hide
the
secret
documents
under
a
loose
floorboard
.
The
spy
tried
to
hide
the
secret
documents
under
a
loose
floorboard
.
Old
English
hȳdan
,
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
huiden
and
German
hüten
‘
guard
’.
verb
-
hide
,
hiding
,
hides
,
hid
,
hidden
to
put
yourself
somewhere
so
that
others
cannot
see
or
find
you
•
The
children
ran
to
hide
behind
the
trees
during
the
game
of
tag
.
The
children
ran
to
hide
behind
the
trees
during
the
game
of
tag
.
•
When
the
thunderstorm
began
,
the
puppy
tried
to
hide
under
the
sofa
.
When
the
thunderstorm
began
,
the
puppy
tried
to
hide
under
the
sofa
.
Same
origin
as
transitive
sense
.
verb
-
hide
,
hiding
,
hides
,
hid
,
hidden
to
keep
information
,
feelings
,
or
the
truth
secret
so
that
others
do
not
know
about
it
•
He
tried
to
hide
his
disappointment
with
a
forced
smile
.
He
tried
to
hide
his
disappointment
with
a
forced
smile
.
•
The
company
couldn
’
t
hide
the
fact
that
profits
were
falling
.
The
company
couldn
’
t
hide
the
fact
that
profits
were
falling
.
Extension
of
primary
verb
sense
to
abstract
information
.
noun
the
thick
skin
of
an
animal
,
especially
when
it
has
been
removed
for
leather
•
The
craftsman
stretched
the
cow
hide
on
a
wooden
frame
to
dry
.
The
craftsman
stretched
the
cow
hide
on
a
wooden
frame
to
dry
.
•
Native
peoples
often
used
buffalo
hide
to
make
warm
blankets
.
Native
peoples
often
used
buffalo
hide
to
make
warm
blankets
.
Old
English
hīed
,
hȳd
‘
skin
’,
from
Germanic
;
related
to
Old
Norse
húð
.
noun
a
small
shelter
where
people
sit
quietly
to
watch
wild
animals
without
being
seen
•
We
waited
in
the
bird
hide
for
an
hour
before
the
kingfisher
appeared
.
We
waited
in
the
bird
hide
for
an
hour
before
the
kingfisher
appeared
.
•
The
nature
reserve
built
a
new
otter
hide
beside
the
river
.
The
nature
reserve
built
a
new
otter
hide
beside
the
river
.
Sense
developed
in
19th-century
British
naturalism
,
from
the
idea
of
‘
hiding
’
observers
from
animals
.
wide
adjective
-
wide
,
wider
,
widest
having
a
large
distance
from
one
side
to
the
other
•
The
river
is
very
wide
at
this
point
,
making
it
hard
to
swim
across
.
The
river
is
very
wide
at
this
point
,
making
it
hard
to
swim
across
.
•
They
built
a
wide
road
to
handle
the
heavy
traffic
into
the
city
.
They
built
a
wide
road
to
handle
the
heavy
traffic
into
the
city
.
adjective
-
wide
,
wider
,
widest
including
or
involving
many
different
people
,
things
,
or
ideas
•
The
library
has
a
wide
selection
of
science-fiction
novels
.
The
library
has
a
wide
selection
of
science-fiction
novels
.
•
He
has
wide
experience
in
different
kinds
of
jobs
.
He
has
wide
experience
in
different
kinds
of
jobs
.
adjective
-
wide
,
wider
,
widest
far
from
the
intended
target
or
position
,
especially
in
sports
•
Her
golf
shot
went
wide
of
the
hole
.
Her
golf
shot
went
wide
of
the
hole
.
•
The
striker's
kick
flew
wide
and
missed
the
goal
completely
.
The
striker's
kick
flew
wide
and
missed
the
goal
completely
.
adverb
-
wide
,
wider
,
widest
to
the
full
extent
;
fully
or
completely
•
She
opened
the
window
wide
to
let
in
fresh
air
.
She
opened
the
window
wide
to
let
in
fresh
air
.
•
The
baby
stared
wide
at
the
colorful
mobile
above
his
crib
.
The
baby
stared
wide
at
the
colorful
mobile
above
his
crib
.
adverb
-
wide
,
wider
,
widest
so
as
to
miss
the
target
or
intended
spot
•
The
basketball
bounced
wide
and
hit
the
side
of
the
hoop
.
The
basketball
bounced
wide
and
hit
the
side
of
the
hoop
.
•
Her
arrow
flew
wide
of
the
bullseye
.
Her
arrow
flew
wide
of
the
bullseye
.
noun
in
cricket
,
a
ball
bowled
so
far
from
the
batter
that
it
is
called
illegal
and
awards
the
batting
side
an
extra
run
•
The
bowler
looked
frustrated
after
he
delivered
a
wide
on
the
final
ball
.
The
bowler
looked
frustrated
after
he
delivered
a
wide
on
the
final
ball
.
•
That
over
contained
two
wides
,
giving
the
batting
team
free
runs
.
That
over
contained
two
wides
,
giving
the
batting
team
free
runs
.
ride
noun
a
journey
in
a
vehicle
,
on
a
bicycle
,
or
on
an
animal
•
The
ride
from
the
airport
to
the
hotel
took
only
fifteen
minutes
.
The
ride
from
the
airport
to
the
hotel
took
only
fifteen
minutes
.
•
Thanks
for
the
ride
;
I
really
appreciate
it
.
Thanks
for
the
ride
;
I
really
appreciate
it
.
noun
a
machine
at
an
amusement
park
that
people
go
on
for
fun
•
The
roller
coaster
was
the
scariest
ride
in
the
park
.
The
roller
coaster
was
the
scariest
ride
in
the
park
.
•
We
waited
an
hour
for
the
new
water
ride
.
We
waited
an
hour
for
the
new
water
ride
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
to
sit
on
and
control
,
or
be
carried
by
,
a
bicycle
,
horse
,
motorbike
,
bus
,
or
other
vehicle
to
travel
somewhere
•
Every
morning
,
Mia
rides
her
bike
along
the
river
to
school
.
Every
morning
,
Mia
rides
her
bike
along
the
river
to
school
.
•
Tourists
rode
camels
across
the
golden
desert
at
sunrise
.
Tourists
rode
camels
across
the
golden
desert
at
sunrise
.
noun
a
journey
in
a
vehicle
or
on
an
animal
•
The
ride
from
the
airport
to
the
hotel
took
an
hour
.
The
ride
from
the
airport
to
the
hotel
took
an
hour
.
•
We
enjoyed
a
quiet
ride
through
the
countryside
on
horseback
.
We
enjoyed
a
quiet
ride
through
the
countryside
on
horseback
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
to
sit
on
and
control
something
that
moves
,
such
as
a
bicycle
,
horse
,
or
motorcycle
•
She
loves
to
ride
her
bike
along
the
river
on
sunny
mornings
.
She
loves
to
ride
her
bike
along
the
river
on
sunny
mornings
.
•
The
children
queued
up
to
ride
the
ponies
at
the
farm
.
The
children
queued
up
to
ride
the
ponies
at
the
farm
.
Old
English
‘
rīdan
’,
related
to
Old
Norse
‘
ríða
’
and
German
‘
reiten
’,
all
meaning
‘
to
travel
on
horseback
’.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
to
travel
in
a
vehicle
as
a
passenger
or
driver
•
I
usually
ride
to
work
with
my
neighbor
because
we
live
on
the
same
street
.
I
usually
ride
to
work
with
my
neighbor
because
we
live
on
the
same
street
.
•
Can
I
ride
with
you
to
the
concert
tonight
?
Can
I
ride
with
you
to
the
concert
tonight
?
noun
(
slang
)
a
person
’
s
car
or
other
personal
vehicle
•
Check
out
my
new
ride
—
it
’
s
electric
!
Check
out
my
new
ride
—
it
’
s
electric
!
•
He
spent
the
weekend
washing
and
polishing
his
ride
.
He
spent
the
weekend
washing
and
polishing
his
ride
.
noun
a
machine
at
an
amusement
park
that
people
sit
in
or
on
for
fun
•
The
new
water
ride
splashes
everyone
who
dares
to
try
it
.
The
new
water
ride
splashes
everyone
who
dares
to
try
it
.
•
Children
screamed
with
delight
on
the
spinning
ride
.
Children
screamed
with
delight
on
the
spinning
ride
.
noun
informal
:
a
person's
car
,
bicycle
,
or
other
vehicle
•
Check
out
his
new
ride
;
it's
a
sleek
electric
car
.
Check
out
his
new
ride
;
it's
a
sleek
electric
car
.
•
She
polished
her
ride
before
the
big
cycling
race
.
She
polished
her
ride
before
the
big
cycling
race
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
to
depend
completely
on
something
for
success
or
a
result
•
The
team's
hopes
ride
on
their
star
player's
quick
recovery
.
The
team's
hopes
ride
on
their
star
player's
quick
recovery
.
•
Our
entire
plan
rides
on
good
weather
this
weekend
.
Our
entire
plan
rides
on
good
weather
this
weekend
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
informal
:
to
keep
annoying
or
criticizing
someone
again
and
again
•
The
coach
kept
riding
us
for
every
small
mistake
during
practice
.
The
coach
kept
riding
us
for
every
small
mistake
during
practice
.
•
Stop
riding
your
brother
about
his
haircut
;
he
likes
it
.
Stop
riding
your
brother
about
his
haircut
;
he
likes
it
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
of
clothing
,
to
move
up
or
down
from
its
proper
place
while
being
worn
•
Her
dress
kept
riding
up
when
she
walked
.
Her
dress
kept
riding
up
when
she
walked
.
•
These
jeans
ride
low
on
my
hips
.
These
jeans
ride
low
on
my
hips
.
verb
-
ride
,
riding
,
rides
,
rode
,
ridden
to
rest
,
float
,
or
move
on
top
of
something
such
as
rails
,
waves
,
or
a
current
•
The
drawer
rides
on
metal
rails
for
a
smooth
slide
.
The
drawer
rides
on
metal
rails
for
a
smooth
slide
.
•
Seaweed
rode
on
the
waves
toward
the
shore
.
Seaweed
rode
on
the
waves
toward
the
shore
.
afraid
adjective
feeling
fear
or
worry
because
something
seems
dangerous
,
painful
,
or
unpleasant
•
The
little
boy
felt
afraid
when
the
thunder
rumbled
overhead
.
The
little
boy
felt
afraid
when
the
thunder
rumbled
overhead
.
•
Maria
was
afraid
of
dogs
after
one
barked
at
her
.
Maria
was
afraid
of
dogs
after
one
barked
at
her
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
English
‘
āfrǣdan
’
meaning
‘
to
frighten
’.
adjective
used
in
the
expression
“
I
’
m
afraid
”
to
politely
introduce
bad
news
,
an
apology
,
or
a
refusal
•
“
I
’
m
afraid
we
have
no
tickets
left
for
tonight
’
s
show
,”
the
clerk
said
.
“
I
’
m
afraid
we
have
no
tickets
left
for
tonight
’
s
show
,”
the
clerk
said
.
•
“
I
’
m
afraid
I
can
’
t
come
to
the
party
tomorrow
,”
Mark
told
his
friend
on
the
phone
.
“
I
’
m
afraid
I
can
’
t
come
to
the
party
tomorrow
,”
Mark
told
his
friend
on
the
phone
.
Same
origin
as
the
basic
sense
of
“
afraid
”,
extended
in
the
14th
century
to
polite
expressions
of
regret
.
resident
noun
a
person
who
lives
in
a
particular
place
for
a
long
time
or
permanently
•
Many
city
residents
gathered
in
the
park
for
the
summer
concert
.
Many
city
residents
gathered
in
the
park
for
the
summer
concert
.
•
The
new
resident
introduced
herself
to
the
neighbors
with
a
plate
of
cookies
.
The
new
resident
introduced
herself
to
the
neighbors
with
a
plate
of
cookies
.
adjective
living
,
staying
,
or
existing
in
a
particular
place
•
The
hotel
has
a
resident
pianist
who
plays
every
evening
in
the
lobby
.
The
hotel
has
a
resident
pianist
who
plays
every
evening
in
the
lobby
.
•
Bats
are
resident
in
the
cave
all
year
round
.
Bats
are
resident
in
the
cave
all
year
round
.
noun
a
doctor
who
has
finished
medical
school
and
is
receiving
specialist
training
in
a
hospital
•
The
resident
checked
my
blood
pressure
before
the
senior
doctor
arrived
.
The
resident
checked
my
blood
pressure
before
the
senior
doctor
arrived
.
•
After
a
long
night
shift
,
the
surgical
resident
grabbed
a
quick
coffee
.
After
a
long
night
shift
,
the
surgical
resident
grabbed
a
quick
coffee
.
adjective
kept
in
a
computer
’
s
main
memory
so
it
is
always
ready
for
use
•
This
antivirus
program
stays
resident
in
the
background
to
catch
threats
immediately
.
This
antivirus
program
stays
resident
in
the
background
to
catch
threats
immediately
.
•
When
RAM
is
low
,
too
many
resident
apps
can
slow
the
computer
.
When
RAM
is
low
,
too
many
resident
apps
can
slow
the
computer
.
stupid
adjective
-
stupid
,
stupider
,
stupidest
Having
or
showing
very
little
intelligence
or
good
judgment
;
not
sensible
or
smart
.
•
It
was
stupid
of
me
to
leave
the
door
unlocked
all
night
.
It
was
stupid
of
me
to
leave
the
door
unlocked
all
night
.
•
The
comedy
was
so
stupid
that
everyone
in
the
theater
burst
out
laughing
.
The
comedy
was
so
stupid
that
everyone
in
the
theater
burst
out
laughing
.
From
Latin
'stupidus'
meaning
'amazed
,
stunned
,
dull'
,
which
comes
from
'stupere'
meaning
'to
be
stunned
or
numbed'
.
noun
An
informal
and
insulting
term
for
a
person
who
behaves
foolishly
or
lacks
good
sense
.
•
Stop
being
a
stupid
and
pay
attention
to
the
road
signs
.
Stop
being
a
stupid
and
pay
attention
to
the
road
signs
.
•
Don
’
t
call
your
brother
a
stupid
;
it
hurts
his
feelings
.
Don
’
t
call
your
brother
a
stupid
;
it
hurts
his
feelings
.
interjection
Used
to
show
annoyance
or
frustration
with
someone
or
something
that
is
not
working
or
behaving
as
desired
.
•
Stupid
phone
!
It
froze
again
right
before
my
interview
.
Stupid
phone
!
It
froze
again
right
before
my
interview
.
•
Stupid
rain
—
now
the
picnic
is
ruined
.
Stupid
rain
—
now
the
picnic
is
ruined
.
adverb
(
US
slang
)
Extremely
;
used
before
an
adjective
or
adverb
to
emphasize
degree
.
•
These
sneakers
are
stupid
expensive
.
These
sneakers
are
stupid
expensive
.
•
We
stayed
up
stupid
late
finishing
the
project
.
We
stayed
up
stupid
late
finishing
the
project
.
identity
noun
-
identity
,
identities
the
set
of
qualities
,
beliefs
,
or
characteristics
that
makes
a
person
or
group
different
from
others
and
recognizably
themselves
•
After
moving
to
a
new
city
,
Maria
struggled
to
find
her
own
identity
.
After
moving
to
a
new
city
,
Maria
struggled
to
find
her
own
identity
.
•
Many
teenagers
experiment
with
fashion
and
music
to
express
their
identity
.
Many
teenagers
experiment
with
fashion
and
music
to
express
their
identity
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
French
identité
,
from
Latin
identitas
,
from
idem
‘
same
’.
noun
-
identity
,
identities
official
information
or
documents
that
prove
who
a
person
is
•
Please
show
photo
proof
of
identity
before
boarding
the
plane
.
Please
show
photo
proof
of
identity
before
boarding
the
plane
.
•
The
bank
requires
two
forms
of
identity
to
open
an
account
.
The
bank
requires
two
forms
of
identity
to
open
an
account
.
noun
-
identity
,
identities
the
state
of
being
exactly
the
same
as
something
or
someone
else
;
complete
sameness
•
The
scientist
questioned
the
identity
of
the
two
samples
that
looked
alike
.
The
scientist
questioned
the
identity
of
the
two
samples
that
looked
alike
.
•
Police
confirmed
the
identity
of
the
fingerprints
found
at
both
crime
scenes
.
Police
confirmed
the
identity
of
the
fingerprints
found
at
both
crime
scenes
.
noun
-
identity
,
identities
in
mathematics
,
an
equation
that
is
always
true
for
all
values
of
its
variables
,
or
an
element
that
leaves
another
element
unchanged
in
an
operation
•
The
trigonometric
identity
sin²θ
+
cos²θ
=
1
is
useful
in
physics
.
The
trigonometric
identity
sin²θ
+
cos²θ
=
1
is
useful
in
physics
.
•
Adding
zero
to
any
number
leaves
it
unchanged
because
zero
is
the
additive
identity
.
Adding
zero
to
any
number
leaves
it
unchanged
because
zero
is
the
additive
identity
.
presidential
adjective
connected
with
the
office
,
duties
,
or
election
of
a
president
•
Voters
lined
up
early
to
cast
their
ballots
in
the
presidential
election
.
Voters
lined
up
early
to
cast
their
ballots
in
the
presidential
election
.
•
The
constitution
outlines
the
limits
of
presidential
power
.
The
constitution
outlines
the
limits
of
presidential
power
.
adjective
showing
the
dignified
,
confident
qualities
people
expect
from
a
president
•
Even
as
a
teenager
,
Maya
had
a
presidential
air
when
she
addressed
the
class
.
Even
as
a
teenager
,
Maya
had
a
presidential
air
when
she
addressed
the
class
.
•
The
candidate
looked
calm
and
presidential
during
the
debate
.
The
candidate
looked
calm
and
presidential
during
the
debate
.
accident
noun
a
sudden
,
unexpected
event
that
hurts
someone
or
damages
something
•
A
10-year-old
boy
fell
off
his
bike
,
but
the
accident
only
gave
him
a
small
scrape
.
A
10-year-old
boy
fell
off
his
bike
,
but
the
accident
only
gave
him
a
small
scrape
.
•
Firefighters
rushed
in
after
an
accident
caused
a
small
fire
in
the
kitchen
.
Firefighters
rushed
in
after
an
accident
caused
a
small
fire
in
the
kitchen
.
From
Latin
accidens
,
present
participle
of
accidere
“
to
happen
”.
noun
a
crash
between
vehicles
,
especially
on
the
road
•
A
long
traffic
jam
formed
after
a
minor
accident
on
the
highway
.
A
long
traffic
jam
formed
after
a
minor
accident
on
the
highway
.
•
The
police
officer
asked
witnesses
what
they
saw
during
the
accident
.
The
police
officer
asked
witnesses
what
they
saw
during
the
accident
.
noun
something
that
happens
without
anyone
planning
or
intending
it
•
I
met
my
best
friend
by accident
on
the
train
.
I
met
my
best
friend
by accident
on
the
train
.
•
She
deleted
the
file
by accident
,
so
we
had
to
start
over
.
She
deleted
the
file
by accident
,
so
we
had
to
start
over
.
noun
an
occasion
when
someone
,
especially
a
child
,
unintentionally
wets
or
soils
their
clothes
•
The
toddler
had
an
accident
during
the
long
car
ride
.
The
toddler
had
an
accident
during
the
long
car
ride
.
•
Teachers
keep
extra
clothes
at
school
in
case
a
child
has
an
accident
.
Teachers
keep
extra
clothes
at
school
in
case
a
child
has
an
accident
.
bridge
noun
a
structure
built
over
a
river
,
road
,
valley
,
or
other
obstacle
so
that
people
,
vehicles
,
or
trains
can
cross
.
•
The
old
stone
bridge
crosses
the
river
near
our
village
.
The
old
stone
bridge
crosses
the
river
near
our
village
.
•
Cars
slowed
down
as
they
went
over
the
narrow
wooden
bridge
in
the
forest
.
Cars
slowed
down
as
they
went
over
the
narrow
wooden
bridge
in
the
forest
.
Old
English
‘
brycg
’,
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
‘
brug
’
and
German
‘
Brücke
’.
noun
the
part
of
the
nose
between
the
eyes
,
just
above
the
nostrils
.
•
She
rested
her
glasses
on
the
bridge
of
her
nose
.
She
rested
her
glasses
on
the
bridge
of
her
nose
.
•
He
had
a
small
freckle
right
on
the
bridge
of
his
nose
.
He
had
a
small
freckle
right
on
the
bridge
of
his
nose
.
Metaphorical
use
comparing
the
raised
area
of
the
nose
to
a
small
bridge
between
the
eyes
.
verb
-
bridge
,
bridging
,
bridges
,
bridged
to
build
a
bridge
over
something
such
as
a
river
or
valley
.
•
Engineers
plan
to
bridge
the
river
to
connect
the
two
towns
.
Engineers
plan
to
bridge
the
river
to
connect
the
two
towns
.
•
The
Romans
bridged
many
valleys
with
stone
arches
.
The
Romans
bridged
many
valleys
with
stone
arches
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
noun
,
meaning
‘
to
furnish
with
a
bridge
’,
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
card
game
for
four
players
in
two
partnerships
,
played
with
a
standard
deck
and
based
on
winning
tricks
.
•
My
grandparents
play
bridge
every
Friday
evening
with
their
friends
.
My
grandparents
play
bridge
every
Friday
evening
with
their
friends
.
•
He
studied
books
to
improve
his
bridge
strategy
.
He
studied
books
to
improve
his
bridge
strategy
.
Named
after
the
earlier
19th-century
Russian
card
game
‘
biritch
’,
which
evolved
into
modern
bridge
.
noun
the
raised
platform
or
room
on
a
ship
where
the
captain
and
officers
control
and
navigate
the
vessel
.
•
The
captain
stood
on
the
bridge
,
watching
the
harbor
lights
ahead
.
The
captain
stood
on
the
bridge
,
watching
the
harbor
lights
ahead
.
•
Visitors
were
allowed
to
tour
the
ship
’
s
bridge
and
see
the
navigation
equipment
.
Visitors
were
allowed
to
tour
the
ship
’
s
bridge
and
see
the
navigation
equipment
.
Adopted
from
the
architectural
sense
of
‘
bridge
’,
likening
the
high
,
forward
platform
to
a
small
bridge
across
the
ship
.
noun
an
artificial
replacement
for
one
or
more
missing
teeth
that
is
fixed
to
the
surrounding
teeth
.
•
After
she
lost
her
molar
,
the
dentist
fitted
a
bridge
.
After
she
lost
her
molar
,
the
dentist
fitted
a
bridge
.
•
Cleaning
a
dental
bridge
requires
special
floss
.
Cleaning
a
dental
bridge
requires
special
floss
.
From
the
idea
of
‘
bridging
’
the
gap
left
by
missing
teeth
,
term
popularized
in
19th-century
dentistry
.
verb
-
bridge
,
bridging
,
bridges
,
bridged
to
reduce
the
distance
or
difference
between
people
,
groups
,
or
ideas
,
making
them
closer
or
more
connected
.
•
The
charity
aims
to
bridge the gap
between
rich
and
poor
.
The
charity
aims
to
bridge the gap
between
rich
and
poor
.
•
Learning
some
phrases
in
French
helped
me
bridge
the
language
barrier
.
Learning
some
phrases
in
French
helped
me
bridge
the
language
barrier
.
Figurative
sense
recorded
since
the
19th
century
,
building
on
the
idea
of
a
bridge
as
something
that
links
two
sides
.
noun
a
small
piece
on
a
stringed
instrument
that
supports
the
strings
and
transmits
their
vibrations
to
the
body
of
the
instrument
.
•
The
violin
’
s
bridge
fell
over
when
I
loosened
the
strings
.
The
violin
’
s
bridge
fell
over
when
I
loosened
the
strings
.
•
She
adjusted
the
guitar
’
s
bridge
to
improve
the
sound
.
She
adjusted
the
guitar
’
s
bridge
to
improve
the
sound
.
Adopted
in
the
17th
century
,
likening
the
raised
wooden
piece
to
a
tiny
bridge
supporting
the
strings
.
unidentified
adjective
not
known
by
name
,
type
,
origin
,
or
owner
•
The
police
found
an
unidentified
bag
left
on
the
bench
.
The
police
found
an
unidentified
bag
left
on
the
bench
.
•
Scientists
are
studying
an
unidentified
species
of
deep-sea
fish
.
Scientists
are
studying
an
unidentified
species
of
deep-sea
fish
.
incident
noun
something
that
happens
,
especially
something
unexpected
or
unpleasant
•
A
minor
incident
at
the
airport
delayed
the
flight
for
an
hour
.
A
minor
incident
at
the
airport
delayed
the
flight
for
an
hour
.
•
The
class
laughed
off
the
small
incident
when
the
projector
stopped
working
.
The
class
laughed
off
the
small
incident
when
the
projector
stopped
working
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
‘
incident-
’,
present
participle
of
‘
incidere
’
meaning
‘
to
fall
upon
,
happen
’.
noun
a
violent
or
disruptive
event
that
draws
official
attention
or
requires
police
or
military
action
•
Soldiers
were
dispatched
after
a
border
incident
left
two
guards
injured
.
Soldiers
were
dispatched
after
a
border
incident
left
two
guards
injured
.
•
Police
described
the
nightclub
shooting
as
an
isolated
incident
.
Police
described
the
nightclub
shooting
as
an
isolated
incident
.
adjective
incoming
toward
something
,
especially
of
a
beam
of
light
,
energy
,
or
particle
that
strikes
a
surface
•
The
angle
between
the
incident
ray
and
the
normal
is
measured
with
a
protractor
.
The
angle
between
the
incident
ray
and
the
normal
is
measured
with
a
protractor
.
•
Sensors
detect
incident
radiation
before
it
is
absorbed
by
the
material
.
Sensors
detect
incident
radiation
before
it
is
absorbed
by
the
material
.
holiday
noun
a
period
of
time
when
you
do
not
go
to
work
or
school
,
often
travelling
somewhere
for
pleasure
•
School
ends
tomorrow
,
and
our
holiday
to
the
seaside
starts
on
Saturday
.
School
ends
tomorrow
,
and
our
holiday
to
the
seaside
starts
on
Saturday
.
•
They
saved
money
all
year
for
a
two-week
holiday
in
Greece
.
They
saved
money
all
year
for
a
two-week
holiday
in
Greece
.
noun
a
special
day
each
year
when
most
people
do
not
work
because
of
a
national
,
cultural
,
or
religious
celebration
•
Independence
Day
is
a
national
holiday
in
the
United
States
.
Independence
Day
is
a
national
holiday
in
the
United
States
.
•
Many
shops
close
early
on
the
public
holiday
.
Many
shops
close
early
on
the
public
holiday
.
verb
to
spend
a
period
away
from
home
for
rest
or
pleasure
•
This
year
we
holiday
in
the
Scottish
Highlands
.
This
year
we
holiday
in
the
Scottish
Highlands
.
•
They
usually
holiday
abroad
every
spring
.
They
usually
holiday
abroad
every
spring
.
confidence
noun
-
confidence
a
feeling
of
self-assurance
and
belief
in
your
own
abilities
or
qualities
•
After
months
of
practice
,
Maria
walked
onto
the
stage
with
quiet
confidence
.
After
months
of
practice
,
Maria
walked
onto
the
stage
with
quiet
confidence
.
•
The
coach's
praise
boosted
the
players'
confidence
before
the
match
.
The
coach's
praise
boosted
the
players'
confidence
before
the
match
.
from
Latin
confidentia
“
firmly
trusting
,”
from
confidere
“
to
have
full
trust
.”
noun
-
confidence
trust
or
strong
belief
that
someone
or
something
will
act
in
the
right
way
or
succeed
•
I
have
complete
confidence
in
Dr
.
Lee's
ability
to
perform
the
surgery
.
I
have
complete
confidence
in
Dr
.
Lee's
ability
to
perform
the
surgery
.
•
The
CEO's
calm
words
restored
the
investors'
confidence
in
the
company
.
The
CEO's
calm
words
restored
the
investors'
confidence
in
the
company
.
Same
origin
as
other
senses
,
ultimately
from
Latin
confidere
“
to
trust
fully
.”
noun
a
piece
of
private
or
secret
information
that
is
shared
with
someone
you
trust
•
Tina
told
me
the
news
in
strict
confidence
,
so
I
can't
repeat
it
.
Tina
told
me
the
news
in
strict
confidence
,
so
I
can't
repeat
it
.
•
He
broke
her
confidence
by
sharing
her
secret
with
others
.
He
broke
her
confidence
by
sharing
her
secret
with
others
.
Sense
of
“
secret
”
arose
in
the
16th
century
from
the
idea
of
trust
between
speakers
.
aid
noun
help
or
support
that
you
give
or
receive
so
that
a
person
can
do
something
more
easily
or
successfully
.
•
After
her
fall
,
the
old
woman
called
a
neighbor
for
aid
.
After
her
fall
,
the
old
woman
called
a
neighbor
for
aid
.
•
Learning
a
few
basic
phrases
in
the
local
language
was
a
real
aid
during
my
trip
.
Learning
a
few
basic
phrases
in
the
local
language
was
a
real
aid
during
my
trip
.
From
Old
French
aide
,
from
Latin
adiūtum
,
past
participle
of
adiuvāre
“
to
help
.”
noun
money
,
food
,
medicine
,
or
equipment
that
governments
or
organizations
send
to
people
after
wars
,
disasters
,
or
in
poverty
to
help
them
survive
and
rebuild
.
•
The
charity
delivered
medical
aid
to
villages
hit
by
the
flood
.
The
charity
delivered
medical
aid
to
villages
hit
by
the
flood
.
•
Many
countries
promised
economic
aid
after
the
earthquake
.
Many
countries
promised
economic
aid
after
the
earthquake
.
noun
a
tool
,
device
,
or
material
that
makes
a
task
easier
or
helps
someone
overcome
a
difficulty
.
•
My
grandfather
can
hear
clearly
now
that
he
wears
a
hearing aid
.
My
grandfather
can
hear
clearly
now
that
he
wears
a
hearing aid
.
•
Flashcards
are
a
useful
study aid
for
learning
vocabulary
.
Flashcards
are
a
useful
study aid
for
learning
vocabulary
.
verb
to
help
or
support
someone
so
that
they
can
do
something
more
easily
or
successfully
.
•
Volunteers
came
to
aid
the
firefighters
in
putting
out
the
blaze
.
Volunteers
came
to
aid
the
firefighters
in
putting
out
the
blaze
.
•
A
good
night's
sleep
will
aid
your
recovery
from
the
flu
.
A
good
night's
sleep
will
aid
your
recovery
from
the
flu
.
verb
to
make
something
happen
more
quickly
or
easily
;
to
promote
or
facilitate
a
process
.
•
Drinking
plenty
of
water
aids
digestion
.
Drinking
plenty
of
water
aids
digestion
.
•
Regular
exercise
aids
the
body
in
reducing
stress
levels
.
Regular
exercise
aids
the
body
in
reducing
stress
levels
.
guide
noun
a
person
who
leads
and
looks
after
tourists
or
other
visitors
,
showing
them
the
way
and
giving
helpful
information
•
Our
tour
guide
explained
the
history
of
the
castle
in
an
exciting
way
.
Our
tour
guide
explained
the
history
of
the
castle
in
an
exciting
way
.
•
The
mountain
guide
checked
everyone's
ropes
before
the
climb
.
The
mountain
guide
checked
everyone's
ropes
before
the
climb
.
From
Old
French
guider
,
originally
meaning
‘
to
lead
or
conduct
’,
probably
of
Germanic
origin
.
verb
-
guide
,
guiding
,
guides
,
guided
to
show
someone
the
way
to
a
place
•
A
volunteer
guided
the
lost
child
back
to
her
parents
.
A
volunteer
guided
the
lost
child
back
to
her
parents
.
•
Please
follow
me
and
I
will
guide
you
to
your
seats
.
Please
follow
me
and
I
will
guide
you
to
your
seats
.
noun
a
book
,
website
,
or
other
resource
that
gives
clear
information
or
instructions
about
something
•
I
bought
a
photo
editing
guide
to
learn
new
techniques
.
I
bought
a
photo
editing
guide
to
learn
new
techniques
.
•
This
quick-start
guide
shows
you
how
to
set
up
the
printer
in
minutes
.
This
quick-start
guide
shows
you
how
to
set
up
the
printer
in
minutes
.
verb
-
guide
,
guiding
,
guides
,
guided
to
influence
or
direct
someone's
decisions
,
behaviour
,
or
feelings
•
Her
parents'
advice
has
always
guided
her
career
choices
.
Her
parents'
advice
has
always
guided
her
career
choices
.
•
The
company
uses
customer
feedback
to
guide
product
development
.
The
company
uses
customer
feedback
to
guide
product
development
.
solid
adjective
firm
in
shape
and
not
a
liquid
or
a
gas
.
•
The
lake
froze
overnight
,
turning
the
surface
water
into
hard
solid
ice
.
The
lake
froze
overnight
,
turning
the
surface
water
into
hard
solid
ice
.
•
Melted
chocolate
becomes
a
solid
again
when
it
cools
.
Melted
chocolate
becomes
a
solid
again
when
it
cools
.
From
Latin
solidus
“
firm
,
whole
,
undivided
.”
aside
adverb
to
or
toward
one
side
,
so
that
you
are
not
blocking
,
touching
,
or
mixing
with
something
else
•
She
stepped
aside
to
let
the
elderly
man
pass
.
She
stepped
aside
to
let
the
elderly
man
pass
.
•
Please
put
your
toys
aside
before
dinner
.
Please
put
your
toys
aside
before
dinner
.
From
Middle
English
asiden
,
combining
a-
(
meaning
“
on
,
in
,
to
”)
and
side
.
adverb
kept
,
saved
,
or
set
away
for
a
particular
purpose
or
future
time
•
She
sets
a
little
money
aside
each
month
for
holidays
.
She
sets
a
little
money
aside
each
month
for
holidays
.
•
Please
put
that
slice
of
cake
aside
for
your
brother
.
Please
put
that
slice
of
cake
aside
for
your
brother
.
noun
a
quick
remark
spoken
quietly
or
directly
to
the
audience
so
that
most
people
nearby
are
not
meant
to
hear
it
•
The
actor
delivered
a
humorous
aside
that
made
the
audience
laugh
.
The
actor
delivered
a
humorous
aside
that
made
the
audience
laugh
.
•
She
couldn
’
t
resist
making
an
aside
about
his
new
haircut
.
She
couldn
’
t
resist
making
an
aside
about
his
new
haircut
.
noun
a
comment
or
digression
that
is
not
part
of
the
main
topic
of
discussion
•
After
a
long
technical
explanation
,
the
professor
added
an
amusing
aside
about
his
dog
.
After
a
long
technical
explanation
,
the
professor
added
an
amusing
aside
about
his
dog
.
•
Her
article
was
clear
,
except
for
one
confusing
aside
in
the
middle
.
Her
article
was
clear
,
except
for
one
confusing
aside
in
the
middle
.
divide
verb
-
divide
,
dividing
,
divides
,
divided
to
separate
something
into
two
or
more
parts
•
We
used
a
sharp
knife
to
divide
the
cake
into
eight
slices
.
We
used
a
sharp
knife
to
divide
the
cake
into
eight
slices
.
•
The
river
divides
the
town
into
an
eastern
and
western
half
.
The
river
divides
the
town
into
an
eastern
and
western
half
.
From
Latin
"
dividere
"
meaning
"
to
separate
".
verb
-
divide
,
dividing
,
divides
,
divided
to
give
each
person
a
share
of
something
•
Mia
divided
the
candy
equally
among
her
three
friends
.
Mia
divided
the
candy
equally
among
her
three
friends
.
•
The
inheritance
was
divided
between
the
two
brothers
.
The
inheritance
was
divided
between
the
two
brothers
.
Same
origin
as
the
physical
sense
,
extended
to
sharing
.
verb
-
divide
,
dividing
,
divides
,
divided
in
mathematics
,
to
find
how
many
times
one
number
contains
another
•
If
you
divide
12
by
3
,
you
get
4
.
If
you
divide
12
by
3
,
you
get
4
.
•
He
remembered
how
to
divide
fractions
in
the
exam
.
He
remembered
how
to
divide
fractions
in
the
exam
.
Mathematical
sense
dates
to
the
14th
century
as
arithmetic
grew
in
Europe
.
verb
-
divide
,
dividing
,
divides
,
divided
to
cause
disagreement
or
separation
between
people
,
groups
,
or
ideas
•
The
controversial
law
divided
public
opinion
across
the
country
.
The
controversial
law
divided
public
opinion
across
the
country
.
•
Rumors
can
quickly
divide
close
friends
if
they
believe
them
.
Rumors
can
quickly
divide
close
friends
if
they
believe
them
.
Figurative
use
emerged
in
the
17th
century
,
applying
physical
separation
to
social
contexts
.
noun
a
clear
difference
or
separation
between
two
groups
,
ideas
,
or
levels
•
There
is
still
a
wide
divide
between
rich
and
poor
in
the
city
.
There
is
still
a
wide
divide
between
rich
and
poor
in
the
city
.
•
The
generation
divide
became
clear
when
they
discussed
technology
.
The
generation
divide
became
clear
when
they
discussed
technology
.
Figurative
noun
use
follows
the
earlier
verb
sense
of
separating
.
noun
a
high
ridge
or
line
of
land
that
separates
the
flow
of
rivers
toward
different
seas
or
basins
•
The
hikers
reached
the
continental
divide
after
three
days
of
climbing
.
The
hikers
reached
the
continental
divide
after
three
days
of
climbing
.
•
Snowmelt
on
one
side
of
the
divide
flows
to
the
Atlantic
,
while
on
the
other
it
flows
to
the
Pacific
.
Snowmelt
on
one
side
of
the
divide
flows
to
the
Atlantic
,
while
on
the
other
it
flows
to
the
Pacific
.
Specialized
noun
use
recorded
in
North
American
English
in
the
19th
century
.
suicide
noun
an
action
or
decision
that
is
almost
certain
to
bring
about
one
’
s
own
ruin
or
failure
•
It
would
be
political
suicide
to
ignore
the
voters
’
concerns
.
It
would
be
political
suicide
to
ignore
the
voters
’
concerns
.
•
Quitting
school
right
before
the
final
exams
felt
like
career
suicide
.
Quitting
school
right
before
the
final
exams
felt
like
career
suicide
.
The
figurative
sense
arose
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
literal
idea
of
ending
one
’
s
own
life
,
transferred
to
actions
that
‘
kill
’
one
’
s
prospects
or
reputation
.
noun
the
act
of
intentionally
ending
one
’
s
own
life
•
The
hotline
offers
support
to
anyone
thinking
about
suicide
.
The
hotline
offers
support
to
anyone
thinking
about
suicide
.
•
His
friends
noticed
warning
signs
and
stepped
in
to
prevent
suicide
.
His
friends
noticed
warning
signs
and
stepped
in
to
prevent
suicide
.
From
Latin
suicidium
,
from
sui
(
of
oneself
)
+
caedere
(
to
kill
).
The
modern
English
form
appeared
in
the
mid-17th
century
.
beside
preposition
next
to
or
at
the
side
of
someone
or
something
•
A
little
boy
sat
beside
his
grandfather
on
the
park
bench
,
sharing
an
ice-cream
cone
.
A
little
boy
sat
beside
his
grandfather
on
the
park
bench
,
sharing
an
ice-cream
cone
.
•
There
is
a
small
lamp
beside
the
bed
so
I
can
read
at
night
.
There
is
a
small
lamp
beside
the
bed
so
I
can
read
at
night
.
Old
English
“
be
sīdan
”
meaning
“
by
the
side
,”
from
“
be
” (
by
)
+
“
sīde
” (
side
).
Over
time
the
words
fused
into
one
.
preposition
apart
from
or
in
addition
to
something
;
except
for
•
Beside
math
,
she
also
teaches
science
at
the
school
.
Beside
math
,
she
also
teaches
science
at
the
school
.
•
Beside
the
cost
,
there
were
many
reasons
to
postpone
the
trip
.
Beside
the
cost
,
there
were
many
reasons
to
postpone
the
trip
.
Extension
of
the
earlier
spatial
meaning
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
,
broadening
from
physical
‘
by
the
side
of
’
to
figurative
‘
outside
of
;
beyond
’.
rid
verb
-
rid
,
ridding
,
rids
to
remove
or
free
someone
or
something
from
something
unwanted
or
harmful
•
She
worked
hard
to
rid
the
garden
of
weeds
before
the
party
.
She
worked
hard
to
rid
the
garden
of
weeds
before
the
party
.
•
A
good
antivirus
program
can
rid
your
computer
of
harmful
malware
.
A
good
antivirus
program
can
rid
your
computer
of
harmful
malware
.
From
Middle
English
ridden
,
from
Old
English
rȳdan
, ‘
to
free
,
clear
away
’.
The
sense
of
removing
something
undesirable
dates
back
to
the
1400s
.
adjective
no
longer
having
or
affected
by
something
unwanted
or
unpleasant
•
After
months
of
treatment
,
he
was
finally
rid
of
the
pain
.
After
months
of
treatment
,
he
was
finally
rid
of
the
pain
.
•
The
house
felt
wonderfully
rid
of
clutter
after
the
big
spring
cleaning
.
The
house
felt
wonderfully
rid
of
clutter
after
the
big
spring
cleaning
.
The
adjectival
use
comes
from
the
past
participle
sense
of
the
verb
‘
rid
’,
first
recorded
in
the
1500s
.
consideration
noun
-
consideration
the
act
of
thinking
carefully
about
something
before
deciding
or
judging
•
After
long
consideration
,
she
accepted
the
job
offer
.
After
long
consideration
,
she
accepted
the
job
offer
.
•
The
proposal
is
still
under
consideration
by
the
committee
.
The
proposal
is
still
under
consideration
by
the
committee
.
From
Latin
“
consideratio
”
meaning
‘
examination
’
or
‘
thought
’.
noun
a
fact
or
detail
that
you
must
think
about
when
deciding
something
•
Cost
is
an
important
consideration
when
choosing
a
hotel
.
Cost
is
an
important
consideration
when
choosing
a
hotel
.
•
Safety
considerations
led
them
to
cancel
the
hike
.
Safety
considerations
led
them
to
cancel
the
hike
.
noun
-
consideration
kind
behaviour
that
shows
you
care
about
other
people's
feelings
and
needs
•
She
showed
great
consideration
by
turning
down
the
music
.
She
showed
great
consideration
by
turning
down
the
music
.
•
Please
have
consideration
for
elderly
passengers
and
give
them
your
seat
.
Please
have
consideration
for
elderly
passengers
and
give
them
your
seat
.
noun
-
consideration
something
of
value
given
by
each
party
in
a
contract
that
makes
the
agreement
legally
binding
•
The
buyer's
payment
served
as
consideration
for
the
seller's
promise
.
The
buyer's
payment
served
as
consideration
for
the
seller's
promise
.
•
Without
consideration
,
a
contract
may
be
unenforceable
.
Without
consideration
,
a
contract
may
be
unenforceable
.
widely
adverb
in
many
different
places
or
among
many
people
•
The
new
song
was
played
widely
on
radio
stations
across
the
country
.
The
new
song
was
played
widely
on
radio
stations
across
the
country
.
•
Her
research
is
widely
respected
in
the
scientific
community
.
Her
research
is
widely
respected
in
the
scientific
community
.
Formed
from
the
adjective
“
wide
”
+
the
adverbial
suffix
“
-ly
”,
recorded
in
English
since
the
late
Middle
English
period
.
adverb
to
a
large
extent
or
covering
a
broad
range
•
Opinions
on
the
topic
vary
widely
among
experts
.
Opinions
on
the
topic
vary
widely
among
experts
.
•
House
prices
differ
widely
from
city
to
city
.
House
prices
differ
widely
from
city
to
city
.
See
the
first
sense
for
origin
;
meaning
broadened
to
cover
degree
and
range
in
the
18th
century
.
adverb
with
a
great
distance
between
two
points
;
far
apart
•
The
trees
were
planted
widely
to
give
them
room
to
grow
.
The
trees
were
planted
widely
to
give
them
room
to
grow
.
•
She
opened
her
arms
widely
to
hug
her
grandson
.
She
opened
her
arms
widely
to
hug
her
grandson
.
Extension
of
the
spatial
sense
of
“
wide
”
in
late
Middle
English
,
adding
the
adverbial
“
-ly
”.
slide
noun
a
smooth
sloping
structure
at
a
playground
that
children
sit
on
to
move
quickly
downward
for
fun
•
The
toddler
squealed
as
he
went
down
the
bright
red
slide
.
The
toddler
squealed
as
he
went
down
the
bright
red
slide
.
•
We
had
to
line
up
and
take
turns
on
the
slide
during
recess
.
We
had
to
line
up
and
take
turns
on
the
slide
during
recess
.
verb
-
slide
,
sliding
,
slides
,
slid
to
move
smoothly
over
a
surface
,
usually
with
little
effort
or
resistance
•
The
penguin
slid
across
the
ice
on
its
belly
.
The
penguin
slid
across
the
ice
on
its
belly
.
•
She
slid
the
heavy
box
into
the
corner
without
lifting
it
.
She
slid
the
heavy
box
into
the
corner
without
lifting
it
.
noun
a
single
page
or
screen
in
a
computer
presentation
that
shows
information
such
as
text
,
pictures
,
or
charts
•
The
first
slide
of
her
presentation
had
the
company
logo
.
The
first
slide
of
her
presentation
had
the
company
logo
.
•
He
added
a
photo
to
make
the
slide
more
interesting
.
He
added
a
photo
to
make
the
slide
more
interesting
.
noun
a
thin
,
flat
piece
of
glass
used
to
hold
something
to
be
looked
at
under
a
microscope
•
The
biology
student
placed
the
onion
skin
on
a
slide
.
The
biology
student
placed
the
onion
skin
on
a
slide
.
•
Make
sure
the
slide
is
clean
before
you
add
the
sample
.
Make
sure
the
slide
is
clean
before
you
add
the
sample
.
aids
noun
things
such
as
tools
,
equipment
,
or
materials
that
make
a
task
easier
or
help
someone
learn
or
do
something
•
The
teacher
used
picture
aids
to
explain
the
science
lesson
.
The
teacher
used
picture
aids
to
explain
the
science
lesson
.
•
Grandpa
’
s
new
hearing
aids
let
him
enjoy
family
conversations
again
.
Grandpa
’
s
new
hearing
aids
let
him
enjoy
family
conversations
again
.
Plural
of
aid
,
from
Old
French
aide
“
help
”,
from
Latin
adiutare
“
to
help
”.
verb
-
aid
,
aiding
,
aids
,
aided
gives
help
or
support
to
someone
or
something
•
Drinking
plenty
of
water
aids
digestion
.
Drinking
plenty
of
water
aids
digestion
.
•
Regular
exercise
aids
the
recovery
of
injured
muscles
.
Regular
exercise
aids
the
recovery
of
injured
muscles
.
From
Old
French
aider
“
to
help
”,
from
Latin
adiutare
,
frequentative
of
adiuvare
“
help
”.
AIDS
noun
-
AIDS
a
serious
disease
caused
by
the
HIV
virus
that
slowly
destroys
the
body
’
s
ability
to
fight
infections
•
Doctors
around
the
world
are
researching
new
treatments
for
AIDS
.
Doctors
around
the
world
are
researching
new
treatments
for
AIDS
.
•
Public
health
campaigns
teach
people
how
to
prevent
AIDS
.
Public
health
campaigns
teach
people
how
to
prevent
AIDS
.
1980s
:
acronym
from
acquired
immune
deficiency
syndrome
.
ridiculous
adjective
very
silly
,
unreasonable
,
or
impossible
to
take
seriously
•
The
idea
of
building
a
snowman
in
the
desert
is
ridiculous
.
The
idea
of
building
a
snowman
in
the
desert
is
ridiculous
.
•
Tickets
for
the
concert
sold
for
a
ridiculous
price
,
so
we
stayed
home
.
Tickets
for
the
concert
sold
for
a
ridiculous
price
,
so
we
stayed
home
.
From
Latin
ridiculus
“
laughable
”,
from
ridere
“
to
laugh
”.
provider
noun
a
person
or
company
that
supplies
needed
goods
or
services
to
other
people
or
businesses
•
We
switched
to
a
new
internet
provider
because
the
old
one
was
too
slow
.
We
switched
to
a
new
internet
provider
because
the
old
one
was
too
slow
.
•
The
school
hired
a
food
provider
to
deliver
healthy
lunches
every
day
.
The
school
hired
a
food
provider
to
deliver
healthy
lunches
every
day
.
from
the
verb
"
provide
"
+
the
agent
suffix
"
-er
",
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
17th
century
noun
the
person
in
a
family
who
earns
the
money
needed
to
pay
for
food
,
housing
,
and
other
necessities
•
After
losing
his
job
,
Mark
worried
about
how
to
stay
the
main
provider
for
his
family
.
After
losing
his
job
,
Mark
worried
about
how
to
stay
the
main
provider
for
his
family
.
•
In
many
households
today
,
both
partners
share
the
role
of
provider
.
In
many
households
today
,
both
partners
share
the
role
of
provider
.
derived
from
the
broader
sense
of
someone
who
supplies
something
,
applied
to
family
income
roles
since
the
19th
century
noun
in
computing
,
a
module
or
service
that
gives
data
or
functionality
to
other
parts
of
a
system
•
The
authentication
provider
verifies
user
identities
before
access
is
granted
.
The
authentication
provider
verifies
user
identities
before
access
is
granted
.
•
Developers
can
swap
out
the
data
provider
without
changing
the
rest
of
the
application
.
Developers
can
swap
out
the
data
provider
without
changing
the
rest
of
the
application
.
adopted
into
computing
jargon
in
the
late
20th
century
to
describe
software
components
that
'provide'
services
to
consumers
besides
preposition
in
addition
to
or
apart
from
someone
or
something
•
Besides
math
,
Maria
loves
studying
biology
.
Besides
math
,
Maria
loves
studying
biology
.
•
There
were
no
other
passengers
besides
us
on
the
late-night
bus
.
There
were
no
other
passengers
besides
us
on
the
late-night
bus
.
Middle
English
,
variant
of
beside
with
adverbial
–s
ending
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
.
adverb
used
to
add
another
reason
,
fact
,
or
piece
of
information
•
I'm
tired
;
besides
,
it's
too
late
to
go
out
.
I'm
tired
;
besides
,
it's
too
late
to
go
out
.
•
The
coat
is
expensive
.
Besides
,
it
doesn't
even
fit
you
.
The
coat
is
expensive
.
Besides
,
it
doesn't
even
fit
you
.
Same
origin
as
the
preposition
form
;
the
adverbial
use
developed
later
to
join
clauses
or
sentences
.
idiot
noun
a
person
who
behaves
very
stupidly
or
lacks
good
judgment
•
I
felt
like
an
idiot
after
locking
my
keys
inside
the
car
.
I
felt
like
an
idiot
after
locking
my
keys
inside
the
car
.
•
"
Don
’
t
be
an
idiot
—
read
the
instructions
first
,"
she
said
,
handing
him
the
manual
.
"
Don
’
t
be
an
idiot
—
read
the
instructions
first
,"
she
said
,
handing
him
the
manual
.
Borrowed
from
Middle
French
"
idiot
",
from
Latin
"
idiota
"
meaning
an
uneducated
person
,
originally
from
Ancient
Greek
"
idiṓtēs
"
meaning
a
private
individual
without
professional
knowledge
.
noun
(
dated
,
offensive
)
a
person
with
a
very
severe
intellectual
disability
,
in
old
medical
classification
•
In
the
19th
century
,
doctors
wrongly
labeled
some
children
as
idiots
.
In
the
19th
century
,
doctors
wrongly
labeled
some
children
as
idiots
.
•
The
old
asylum
records
used
the
term
idiot
for
patients
with
profound
cognitive
impairments
.
The
old
asylum
records
used
the
term
idiot
for
patients
with
profound
cognitive
impairments
.
Used
in
19th-century
medical
texts
as
part
of
a
hierarchy
of
intellectual
disability
;
later
abandoned
in
favor
of
respectful
clinical
terminology
.
confident
adjective
sure
of
your
own
abilities
,
qualities
,
or
decisions
and
not
shy
or
nervous
.
•
Maria
walked
onto
the
stage
looking
confident
and
calm
.
Maria
walked
onto
the
stage
looking
confident
and
calm
.
•
The
coach
told
the
team
to
be
confident
and
play
their
best
.
The
coach
told
the
team
to
be
confident
and
play
their
best
.
from
Latin
"
confidēns
,
confident-
"
present
participle
of
"
confidere
"
meaning
"
to
trust
entirely
"
adjective
certain
that
something
is
true
or
will
happen
.
•
I
am
confident
that
the
sun
will
come
out
after
the
storm
.
I
am
confident
that
the
sun
will
come
out
after
the
storm
.
•
Scientists
are
confident
the
new
vaccine
will
work
.
Scientists
are
confident
the
new
vaccine
will
work
.
from
Latin
"
confidēns
,
confident-
"
present
participle
of
"
confidere
"
meaning
"
to
trust
entirely
"
rapidly
adverb
quickly
;
at
a
high
speed
or
rate
.
•
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
The
river's
water
level
rose
rapidly
after
the
heavy
rain
.
•
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
Scientists
are
working
rapidly
to
develop
a
new
vaccine
.
formed
from
the
adjective
“
rapid
”
+
the
adverbial
suffix
“
-ly
,”
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
18th
century
.
pride
noun
-
proud
,
prouder
,
proudest
a
good
feeling
of
satisfaction
and
self-respect
that
comes
from
your
own
or
someone
else
’
s
achievements
•
The
little
boy
’
s
face
lit
up
with
pride
when
he
showed
his
drawing
to
the
class
.
The
little
boy
’
s
face
lit
up
with
pride
when
he
showed
his
drawing
to
the
class
.
•
Maria
takes great pride in
her
garden
,
watering
every
plant
carefully
each
morning
.
Maria
takes great pride in
her
garden
,
watering
every
plant
carefully
each
morning
.
noun
a
group
of
lions
that
live
and
hunt
together
•
The
safari
guide
pointed
out
a
pride
of
lions
resting
in
the
shade
.
The
safari
guide
pointed
out
a
pride
of
lions
resting
in
the
shade
.
•
A
lion
pride
is
usually
led
by
a
few
dominant
females
.
A
lion
pride
is
usually
led
by
a
few
dominant
females
.
noun
-
proud
,
prouder
,
proudest
an
overly
high
opinion
of
yourself
that
makes
you
unwilling
to
admit
mistakes
or
accept
help
•
His
stubborn
pride
stopped
him
from
apologizing
even
when
he
knew
he
was
wrong
.
His
stubborn
pride
stopped
him
from
apologizing
even
when
he
knew
he
was
wrong
.
•
Don
’
t
let
misplaced
pride
keep
you
from
asking
for
help
when
you
need
it
.
Don
’
t
let
misplaced
pride
keep
you
from
asking
for
help
when
you
need
it
.
verb
-
pride
,
priding
,
prides
,
prided
to
feel
and
show
great
satisfaction
about
a
particular
quality
,
skill
,
or
achievement
•
The
company
prides itself on
excellent
customer
service
.
The
company
prides itself on
excellent
customer
service
.
•
He
prides himself on
never
being
late
to
meetings
.
He
prides himself on
never
being
late
to
meetings
.
guideline
noun
a
general
rule
or
piece
of
advice
that
shows
you
how
something
should
be
done
or
what
is
allowed
•
Our
teacher
gave
us
a
clear
guideline
for
writing
the
essay
.
Our
teacher
gave
us
a
clear
guideline
for
writing
the
essay
.
•
Follow
these
safety
guidelines
when
using
the
laboratory
equipment
.
Follow
these
safety
guidelines
when
using
the
laboratory
equipment
.
early
20th
century
:
formed
from
guide
+
line
,
originally
meaning
a
rope
or
line
that
guides
.
noun
a
light
line
that
is
drawn
or
printed
to
show
where
you
should
write
,
draw
,
or
cut
•
The
notebook
has
faint
blue
guidelines
to
help
you
keep
your
writing
straight
.
The
notebook
has
faint
blue
guidelines
to
help
you
keep
your
writing
straight
.
•
Architects
draw
light
guidelines
before
adding
darker
final
lines
.
Architects
draw
light
guidelines
before
adding
darker
final
lines
.
adapted
from
the
original
sense
of
a
rope
that
guides
;
later
applied
to
visual
guide
lines
in
printing
and
drawing
.
ideal
adjective
as
good
or
suitable
as
something
can
possibly
be
•
This
spot
near
the
window
is
ideal
for
reading
on
a
sunny
afternoon
.
This
spot
near
the
window
is
ideal
for
reading
on
a
sunny
afternoon
.
•
The
weather
today
is
ideal
for
a
picnic
in
the
park
.
The
weather
today
is
ideal
for
a
picnic
in
the
park
.
adjective
perfect
only
in
theory
or
imagination
and
not
always
found
in
reality
•
She
described
her
ideal
home
,
a
cottage
by
the
sea
with
a
big
garden
.
She
described
her
ideal
home
,
a
cottage
by
the
sea
with
a
big
garden
.
•
In
an
ideal
world
,
everyone
would
have
access
to
clean
water
.
In
an
ideal
world
,
everyone
would
have
access
to
clean
water
.
noun
a
principle
,
goal
,
or
standard
of
perfection
that
someone
tries
to
achieve
•
Honesty
is
an
ideal
he
refuses
to
compromise
.
Honesty
is
an
ideal
he
refuses
to
compromise
.
•
The
organization
was
founded
on
the
ideal
of
equal
opportunity
.
The
organization
was
founded
on
the
ideal
of
equal
opportunity
.
noun
in
mathematics
,
a
special
subset
of
an
algebraic
ring
that
is
closed
under
addition
and
under
multiplication
by
any
element
of
that
ring
•
In
the
ring
of
integers
,
the
even
numbers
form
an
ideal
.
In
the
ring
of
integers
,
the
even
numbers
form
an
ideal
.
•
The
professor
explained
how
every
prime
number
generates
a
unique
ideal
.
The
professor
explained
how
every
prime
number
generates
a
unique
ideal
.
sidebar
noun
a
narrow
column
or
box
of
extra
information
placed
beside
the
main
story
on
a
printed
page
or
computer
screen
•
The
magazine
designer
added
a
colorful
sidebar
with
quick
facts
next
to
the
main
article
.
The
magazine
designer
added
a
colorful
sidebar
with
quick
facts
next
to
the
main
article
.
•
On
the
website
,
the
navigation
menu
sits
in
a
sidebar
on
the
left
.
On
the
website
,
the
navigation
menu
sits
in
a
sidebar
on
the
left
.
Formed
from
side
+
bar
in
the
20th
century
to
describe
text
set
off
at
the
side
of
a
page
,
later
applied
to
computer
interfaces
.
noun
an
informal
digression
or
brief
departure
from
the
main
topic
in
conversation
or
writing
•
Before
answering
the
question
,
the
lecturer
went
on
a
quick
sidebar
about
his
childhood
.
Before
answering
the
question
,
the
lecturer
went
on
a
quick
sidebar
about
his
childhood
.
•
Let
me
take
a
short
sidebar
to
explain
this
term
.
Let
me
take
a
short
sidebar
to
explain
this
term
.
Metaphorical
extension
of
the
printing
term
,
suggesting
a
comment
that
sits
to
the
side
of
the
main
discussion
.
noun
a
private
discussion
at
the
judge
’
s
bench
between
the
judge
and
lawyers
,
held
so
the
jury
cannot
hear
•
During
the
trial
,
the
attorney
requested
a
sidebar
with
the
judge
.
During
the
trial
,
the
attorney
requested
a
sidebar
with
the
judge
.
•
The
jury
waited
patiently
while
a
brief
sidebar
took
place
at
the
bench
.
The
jury
waited
patiently
while
a
brief
sidebar
took
place
at
the
bench
.
Extension
of
earlier
printing
sense
;
adopted
by
American
legal
community
in
the
mid-20th
century
to
describe
bench-side
conferences
.
acid
adjective
Tasting
sharp
and
sour
,
or
having
the
chemical
qualities
of
an
acid
.
•
The
grapefruit
had
an
unexpectedly
acid
flavor
.
The
grapefruit
had
an
unexpectedly
acid
flavor
.
•
Her
smile
vanished
after
tasting
the
acid
soup
.
Her
smile
vanished
after
tasting
the
acid
soup
.
Extension
of
the
noun
sense
to
describe
taste
and
chemical
property
.
noun
A
substance
,
usually
sour
and
corrosive
,
that
has
a
pH
lower
than
7
and
can
react
with
bases
and
some
metals
.
•
In
the
lab
,
the
students
added
the
strong
acid
to
the
metal
and
watched
bubbles
form
.
In
the
lab
,
the
students
added
the
strong
acid
to
the
metal
and
watched
bubbles
form
.
•
Vinegar
is
a
weak
acid
that
you
can
find
in
any
kitchen
.
Vinegar
is
a
weak
acid
that
you
can
find
in
any
kitchen
.
From
Latin
acidus
“
sour
”
or
“
sharp
,”
originally
describing
the
taste
of
sour
wine
.
adjective
Describing
speech
or
behaviour
that
is
sharply
critical
,
bitter
,
or
hurtful
.
•
She
couldn
’
t
ignore
his
acid
remark
about
her
cooking
.
She
couldn
’
t
ignore
his
acid
remark
about
her
cooking
.
•
The
critic
’
s
acid
review
hurt
the
debut
novelist
.
The
critic
’
s
acid
review
hurt
the
debut
novelist
.
Metaphorical
extension
from
the
sting
of
a
sour
substance
to
the
sting
of
harsh
words
,
first
recorded
in
the
18th
century
.
noun
-
acid
A
slang
name
for
the
illegal
hallucinogenic
drug
LSD
.
•
He
claimed
the
swirling
colors
were
proof
the
acid
had
kicked
in
.
He
claimed
the
swirling
colors
were
proof
the
acid
had
kicked
in
.
•
The
police
found
small
blotter
papers
soaked
in
acid
in
the
suspect
’
s
wallet
.
The
police
found
small
blotter
papers
soaked
in
acid
in
the
suspect
’
s
wallet
.
Slang
sense
appeared
in
the
early
1960s
,
comparing
the
drug
’
s
mind-altering
effect
to
the
corrosive
power
of
chemical
acids
.
rapid
adjective
happening
,
moving
,
or
changing
very
quickly
•
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
The
patient
showed
rapid
improvement
after
the
new
treatment
.
•
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Thanks
to
the
newly
built
highway
,
we
made
rapid
progress
toward
the
city
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
rapidus
“
seizing
,
hasty
,
swift
”,
from
rapere
“
to
seize
,
hurry
away
”.
noun
a
fast
,
turbulent
section
of
a
river
where
water
rushes
quickly
over
rocks
•
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
The
kayaker
maneuvered
skillfully
through
the
roaring
rapid
.
•
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
Before
camping
,
the
guide
warned
us
about
the
dangerous
rapids
downstream
.
First
recorded
in
English
in
the
early
17th
century
,
from
the
adjective
“
rapid
”,
applied
metaphorically
to
swift-moving
stretches
of
water
.
identification
noun
the
act
or
process
of
recognizing
or
proving
who
or
what
someone
or
something
is
•
The
witness
’
s
quick
identification
of
the
thief
helped
the
police
make
an
arrest
.
The
witness
’
s
quick
identification
of
the
thief
helped
the
police
make
an
arrest
.
•
Accurate
species
identification
is
essential
for
protecting
endangered
animals
.
Accurate
species
identification
is
essential
for
protecting
endangered
animals
.
From
Medieval
Latin
identificātiō
,
formed
from
Latin
idem
“
same
”
+
facere
“
to
make
”
+
noun
ending
‑tiō
.
noun
an
official
document
,
card
,
or
other
proof
that
shows
who
a
person
is
•
The
security
guard
asked
every
visitor
to
show
photo
identification
.
The
security
guard
asked
every
visitor
to
show
photo
identification
.
•
Remember
to
bring
two
forms
of
identification
when
you
apply
for
the
passport
.
Remember
to
bring
two
forms
of
identification
when
you
apply
for
the
passport
.
Same
origin
as
the
primary
sense
;
applied
to
documents
from
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
a
strong
feeling
of
connection
or
empathy
with
another
person
or
group
because
of
shared
qualities
or
experiences
•
Many
readers
feel
deep
identification
with
the
novel
’
s
courageous
heroine
.
Many
readers
feel
deep
identification
with
the
novel
’
s
courageous
heroine
.
•
Her
own
struggles
created
a
strong
identification
with
the
patients
she
cared
for
.
Her
own
struggles
created
a
strong
identification
with
the
patients
she
cared
for
.
Adopted
into
psychology
in
the
early
20th
century
to
describe
emotional
alignment
with
others
.
presidency
noun
-
presidency
,
presidencies
the
position
and
duties
of
being
the
president
of
a
country
,
company
,
or
organization
•
She
campaigned
tirelessly
and
finally
won
the
presidency
of
the
student
council
.
She
campaigned
tirelessly
and
finally
won
the
presidency
of
the
student
council
.
•
After
years
as
vice-president
,
he
stepped
into
the
company
’
s
presidency
with
confidence
.
After
years
as
vice-president
,
he
stepped
into
the
company
’
s
presidency
with
confidence
.
Formed
in
the
early
17th
century
from
president
+
-cy
,
following
the
pattern
of
words
like
"
provostship
."
noun
-
presidency
,
presidencies
the
period
of
time
during
which
a
particular
person
serves
as
president
•
During
Barack
Obama
’
s
presidency
,
social
media
became
central
to
political
campaigns
.
During
Barack
Obama
’
s
presidency
,
social
media
became
central
to
political
campaigns
.
•
The
economy
boomed
throughout
her
four-year
presidency
.
The
economy
boomed
throughout
her
four-year
presidency
.
noun
-
presidency
,
presidencies
(
historical
)
a
district
or
territory
governed
by
a
president
,
especially
under
British
colonial
rule
•
The
British
established
the
Bombay
Presidency
to
strengthen
their
control
in
western
India
.
The
British
established
the
Bombay
Presidency
to
strengthen
their
control
in
western
India
.
•
Madras
Presidency
was
known
for
its
thriving
textile
trade
during
the
colonial
era
.
Madras
Presidency
was
known
for
its
thriving
textile
trade
during
the
colonial
era
.
Sense
arose
in
the
18th
century
during
British
colonial
administration
,
extending
the
general
meaning
of
a
president
’
s
authority
to
the
geographical
areas
they
governed
.
widespread
adjective
existing
or
happening
in
many
places
or
among
many
people
•
Smartphone
use
is
widespread
among
teenagers
.
Smartphone
use
is
widespread
among
teenagers
.
•
There
is
widespread
support
for
the
new
community
center
.
There
is
widespread
support
for
the
new
community
center
.
From
wide
+
spread
,
originally
describing
something
physically
opened
out
;
figurative
sense
recorded
since
the
mid-1800s
.
adjective
extended
or
spread
out
over
a
wide
area
•
The
eagle
landed
with
its
wings
widespread
.
The
eagle
landed
with
its
wings
widespread
.
•
She
welcomed
the
children
with
arms
widespread
.
She
welcomed
the
children
with
arms
widespread
.
ideology
noun
-
ideology
,
ideologies
a
system
of
ideas
and
beliefs
that
guides
the
aims
and
actions
of
a
person
,
group
,
or
movement
•
The
revolutionary
group
adopted
a
new
ideology
centered
on
equality
and
freedom
.
The
revolutionary
group
adopted
a
new
ideology
centered
on
equality
and
freedom
.
•
Environmental
protection
is
at
the
heart
of
the
party
’
s
ideology
.
Environmental
protection
is
at
the
heart
of
the
party
’
s
ideology
.
early
19th-century
coinage
from
French
idéologie
,
originally
meaning
the
‘
science
of
ideas
’,
from
Greek
idea
‘
form
,
pattern
’
+
–logy
‘
study
’.
noun
-
ideology
,
ideologies
the
general
way
of
thinking
and
set
of
values
typical
of
a
society
,
culture
,
or
historical
period
•
The
dominant
ideology
of
the
1950s
emphasized
traditional
family
roles
.
The
dominant
ideology
of
the
1950s
emphasized
traditional
family
roles
.
•
Modern
business
ideology
often
values
innovation
over
stability
.
Modern
business
ideology
often
values
innovation
over
stability
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
French
idéologie
, ‘
science
of
ideas
’.
Over
time
it
came
to
mean
the
ideas
themselves
.
considerable
adjective
large
in
amount
,
size
,
or
degree
•
The
project
will
require
a
considerable
amount
of
time
and
money
.
The
project
will
require
a
considerable
amount
of
time
and
money
.
•
She
showed
considerable
skill
in
fixing
the
old
computer
.
She
showed
considerable
skill
in
fixing
the
old
computer
.
From
Middle
English
considerable
(“
worthy
of
consideration
”),
from
consider
+
-able
,
first
attested
in
the
15th
century
.
adjective
important
enough
to
deserve
attention
or
respect
•
The
professor
is
a
scholar
of
considerable
reputation
in
the
field
of
linguistics
.
The
professor
is
a
scholar
of
considerable
reputation
in
the
field
of
linguistics
.
•
Winning
the
prize
was
a
considerable
honor
for
the
young
scientist
.
Winning
the
prize
was
a
considerable
honor
for
the
young
scientist
.
Same
origin
as
the
primary
sense
;
earlier
meaning
of
“
worthy
of
consideration
”
later
broadened
to
denote
size
or
amount
.
valid
adjective
officially
acceptable
or
in
force
because
it
follows
all
rules
or
is
within
the
allowed
period
•
Is
your
passport
still
valid
or
do
you
need
a
new
one
?
Is
your
passport
still
valid
or
do
you
need
a
new
one
?
•
The
coupon
is
valid
until
the
end
of
the
month
.
The
coupon
is
valid
until
the
end
of
the
month
.
From
Latin
validus
meaning
“
strong
,
powerful
,
effective
,”
from
valēre
“
to
be
strong
.”
adjective
based
on
good
reasons
,
facts
,
or
clear
logic
;
sound
and
convincing
•
She
made
a
valid
argument
for
starting
the
project
earlier
.
She
made
a
valid
argument
for
starting
the
project
earlier
.
•
That's
a
valid
question
and
deserves
an
answer
.
That's
a
valid
question
and
deserves
an
answer
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
shaped
by
use
in
logic
and
law
in
the
16th
century
.
interjection
(
informal
)
used
to
show
agreement
that
someone
’
s
point
is
fair
or
reasonable
•
“
We
should
leave
early
to
avoid
traffic
.” “
Valid
.”
“
We
should
leave
early
to
avoid
traffic
.” “
Valid
.”
•
When
Leah
said
the
rules
were
unfair
,
everyone
nodded
and
said
, “
Valid
.”
When
Leah
said
the
rules
were
unfair
,
everyone
nodded
and
said
, “
Valid
.”
Extension
of
the
adjective
’
s
sense
of
correctness
,
popularized
in
U
.
S
.
youth
slang
in
the
early
2000s
.
midnight
noun
12
o
’
clock
at
night
;
the
middle
of
the
night
.
•
The
clock
struck
midnight
,
and
colorful
fireworks
burst
over
the
town
square
.
The
clock
struck
midnight
,
and
colorful
fireworks
burst
over
the
town
square
.
•
She
promised
to
finish
her
report
before
midnight
.
She
promised
to
finish
her
report
before
midnight
.
From
Middle
English
midnyght
,
from
Old
English
midniht
(“
middle
of
the
night
”).
adjective
occurring
at
or
connected
with
midnight
.
•
The
soldiers
planned
a
midnight
attack
to
surprise
the
enemy
.
The
soldiers
planned
a
midnight
attack
to
surprise
the
enemy
.
•
We
bought
tickets
for
a
midnight
movie
screening
at
the
old
theater
.
We
bought
tickets
for
a
midnight
movie
screening
at
the
old
theater
.
guidance
noun
-
guidance
advice
or
help
that
shows
someone
what
to
do
or
how
to
solve
a
problem
•
The
career
counselor
gave
me
valuable
guidance
about
choosing
a
university
major
.
The
career
counselor
gave
me
valuable
guidance
about
choosing
a
university
major
.
•
Whenever
I
feel
lost
,
my
grandfather's
words
of
guidance
help
me
move
forward
.
Whenever
I
feel
lost
,
my
grandfather's
words
of
guidance
help
me
move
forward
.
from
guide
+
-ance
,
first
recorded
in
late
Middle
English
noun
-
guidance
the
act
of
leading
or
directing
someone
or
something
along
a
course
•
The
hikers
stayed
on
the
path
under
the
guidance
of
their
experienced
leader
.
The
hikers
stayed
on
the
path
under
the
guidance
of
their
experienced
leader
.
•
The
ship
reached
harbor
with
the
guidance
of
a
local
pilot
.
The
ship
reached
harbor
with
the
guidance
of
a
local
pilot
.
see
sense
1
noun
-
guidance
a
system
or
device
that
steers
a
vehicle
,
aircraft
,
or
missile
along
a
chosen
path
•
The
rocket
’
s
onboard
guidance
kept
it
on
course
to
the
space
station
.
The
rocket
’
s
onboard
guidance
kept
it
on
course
to
the
space
station
.
•
Modern
cars
use
GPS
guidance
to
help
drivers
navigate
unfamiliar
roads
.
Modern
cars
use
GPS
guidance
to
help
drivers
navigate
unfamiliar
roads
.
technical
extension
of
earlier
senses
in
the
mid-20th
century
with
the
advent
of
missile
technology