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do
verb
-
do
,
doing
,
does
,
did
,
done
Used
with
another
verb
to
form
questions
,
make
negatives
,
or
add
emphasis
;
it
has
no
meaning
by
itself
.
•
Do
you
like
apples
?
Do
you
like
apples
?
•
I
do
not
understand
the
question
.
I
do
not
understand
the
question
.
verb
-
do
,
doing
,
does
,
did
,
done
To
perform
or
carry
out
an
action
,
job
,
or
task
.
•
They
do
their
chores
on
Saturday
morning
.
They
do
their
chores
on
Saturday
morning
.
•
Can
you
do
me
a
favor
and
close
the
window
?
Can
you
do
me
a
favor
and
close
the
window
?
go
verb
-
go
,
going
,
goes
,
went
,
gone
to
move
or
travel
from
one
place
to
another
•
Every
morning
,
I
go
to
work
on
my
bike
.
Every
morning
,
I
go
to
work
on
my
bike
.
•
The
children
shouted
with
joy
and
went
running
toward
the
ice-cream
truck
.
The
children
shouted
with
joy
and
went
running
toward
the
ice-cream
truck
.
Old
English
“
gān
,”
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
Dutch
“
gaan
”
and
German
“
gehen
,”
meaning
“
to
walk
or
move
.”
verb
-
go
,
going
,
goes
,
went
,
gone
to
change
into
a
different
state
or
condition
•
The
traffic
light
went
green
,
so
the
cars
started
moving
.
The
traffic
light
went
green
,
so
the
cars
started
moving
.
•
My
phone
suddenly
went
silent
during
the
call
.
My
phone
suddenly
went
silent
during
the
call
.
one
noun
-
one
the
number
represented
by
the
digit
1
;
the
quantity
that
equals
zero
plus
one
•
The
toddler
proudly
held
up
a
single
finger
to
show
she
was
one
.
The
toddler
proudly
held
up
a
single
finger
to
show
she
was
one
.
•
He
rolled
the
die
and
celebrated
when
it
landed
on
one
.
He
rolled
the
die
and
celebrated
when
it
landed
on
one
.
Old
English
‘
ān
’,
from
Proto-Germanic
‘
*ainaz
’,
related
to
German
‘
ein
’
and
Latin
‘
unus
’.
determiner
used
before
a
countable
noun
to
refer
to
a
single
person
or
thing
,
as
opposed
to
more
than
one
•
Could
I
have
one
ticket
for
the
afternoon
show
,
please
?
Could
I
have
one
ticket
for
the
afternoon
show
,
please
?
•
She
picked
up
just
one
cookie
from
the
tray
to
save
room
for
dinner
.
She
picked
up
just
one
cookie
from
the
tray
to
save
room
for
dinner
.
Evolved
from
the
numeral
sense
,
extending
to
mean
“
a
single
example
”
in
Middle
English
.
adjective
the
number
that
shows
there
is
only
a
single
person
,
thing
,
or
unit
•
He
bought
one
red
rose
for
his
mother
.
He
bought
one
red
rose
for
his
mother
.
•
Please
take
only
one
cookie
from
the
plate
.
Please
take
only
one
cookie
from
the
plate
.
Old
English
ān
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*ainaz
,
ultimately
from
Proto-Indo-European
*oynos
meaning
“
one
,
unique
”.
adjective
the
number
1
;
used
before
a
noun
to
say
there
is
a
single
person
or
thing
•
I
have
one
sister
.
I
have
one
sister
.
•
Please
give
me
one
cookie
.
Please
give
me
one
cookie
.
determiner
used
before
a
singular
countable
noun
to
mean
the
single
person
or
thing
being
talked
about
•
I
have
one
brother
and
two
sisters
.
I
have
one
brother
and
two
sisters
.
•
She
bought
one
ticket
for
the
movie
.
She
bought
one
ticket
for
the
movie
.
From
Old
English
‘
ān
’,
meaning
single
or
sole
,
related
to
German
‘
ein
’.
noun
the
number
1
;
a
single
unit
•
The
child
proudly
wrote
the
number
one
on
the
chalkboard
.
The
child
proudly
wrote
the
number
one
on
the
chalkboard
.
•
Her
favorite
player
wears
the
one
on
his
jersey
.
Her
favorite
player
wears
the
one
on
his
jersey
.
Same
origin
as
the
determiner
sense
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*ainaz
.
noun
a
single
person
or
thing
of
a
particular
kind
•
This
is
the
only
good
one
left
in
the
shop
.
This
is
the
only
good
one
left
in
the
shop
.
•
I
like
the
blue
shirts
,
but
that
dark
blue
one
is
my
favorite
.
I
like
the
blue
shirts
,
but
that
dark
blue
one
is
my
favorite
.
Noun
use
derives
from
the
adjective/numeral
meaning
and
is
attested
since
Middle
English
.
noun
the
symbol
or
idea
of
the
number
1
;
a
single
person
or
thing
•
The
number
one
comes
before
two
.
The
number
one
comes
before
two
.
•
He
rolled
a
one
on
the
die
.
He
rolled
a
one
on
the
die
.
pronoun
used
to
refer
to
a
person
or
thing
that
has
already
been
mentioned
or
is
known
•
I
like
the
blue
shirt
,
but
I'll
buy
the
red
one
.
I
like
the
blue
shirt
,
but
I'll
buy
the
red
one
.
•
Which
apple
do
you
want
?
This
one
or
that
one
?
Which
apple
do
you
want
?
This
one
or
that
one
?
pronoun
used
to
talk
about
people
in
general
,
including
the
speaker
and
listener
•
One
should
always
tell
the
truth
.
One
should
always
tell
the
truth
.
•
In
winter
,
one
can
see
snow
on
the
mountains
.
In
winter
,
one
can
see
snow
on
the
mountains
.
pronoun
used
to
refer
to
any
person
in
general
instead
of
saying
“
you
”, “
he
”,
or
“
she
”
•
One
must
always
wash
their
hands
before
eating
.
One
must
always
wash
their
hands
before
eating
.
•
One
never
knows
what
will
happen
tomorrow
.
One
never
knows
what
will
happen
tomorrow
.
Extension
of
the
numeral
‘
one
’
to
a
generic
person
in
Middle
English
,
influenced
by
French
‘
on
’.
pronoun
used
to
refer
to
any
person
in
general
rather
than
to
someone
in
particular
•
One
should
always
knock
before
entering
a
room
.
One
should
always
knock
before
entering
a
room
.
•
It's
difficult
for
one
to
stay
calm
during
an
earthquake
.
It's
difficult
for
one
to
stay
calm
during
an
earthquake
.
Developed
in
Middle
English
as
an
indefinite
substitute
for
“
a
person
”.
pronoun
used
to
talk
about
any
person
in
general
,
including
yourself
•
One
should
always
wash
one's
hands
before
eating
.
One
should
always
wash
one's
hands
before
eating
.
•
It
is
hard
for
one
to
sleep
in
a
noisy
room
.
It
is
hard
for
one
to
sleep
in
a
noisy
room
.
Evolution
of
the
numeral
to
a
generic
indefinite
pronoun
began
in
Middle
English
,
influenced
by
French
on
(
<
Latin
homo
“
person
”).
question
verb
-
question
,
questioning
,
questions
,
questioned
to
ask
someone
questions
in
order
to
get
information
•
The
police
questioned
the
witness
about
what
she
saw
.
The
police
questioned
the
witness
about
what
she
saw
.
•
Reporters
questioned
the
actor
about
the
new
movie
.
Reporters
questioned
the
actor
about
the
new
movie
.
verb
To
ask
someone
for
information
.
•
The
reporter
questioned
the
mayor
about
the
budget
cuts
.
The
reporter
questioned
the
mayor
about
the
budget
cuts
.
•
Students
question
their
professor
to
understand
the
concept
better
.
Students
question
their
professor
to
understand
the
concept
better
.
verb
-
question
,
questioning
,
questions
,
questioned
to
doubt
or
feel
uncertain
about
whether
something
is
true
or
right
•
Some
people
question
the
effectiveness
of
the
new
law
.
Some
people
question
the
effectiveness
of
the
new
law
.
•
I
don
’
t
question
your
courage
,
only
your
plan
.
I
don
’
t
question
your
courage
,
only
your
plan
.
verb
To
express
or
feel
doubt
about
something
’
s
truth
or
value
.
•
Many
scientists
question
the
validity
of
the
old
theory
.
Many
scientists
question
the
validity
of
the
old
theory
.
•
She
questioned
his
decision
to
quit
a
stable
job
.
She
questioned
his
decision
to
quit
a
stable
job
.
money
noun
-
money
,
monies
coins
and
paper
notes
that
people
use
to
pay
for
things
and
services
•
He
counted
the
money
before
buying
the
concert
tickets
.
He
counted
the
money
before
buying
the
concert
tickets
.
•
The
cashier
handed
the
customer
his
change
in
money
.
The
cashier
handed
the
customer
his
change
in
money
.
From
Old
French
“
moneie
”,
from
Latin
“
moneta
”,
a
title
of
the
Roman
goddess
Juno
in
whose
temple
coins
were
minted
.
noun
-
money
,
monies
the
wealth
or
amount
of
funds
that
a
person
,
group
,
or
country
has
or
needs
•
She
saved
her
money
to
buy
a
new
laptop
.
She
saved
her
money
to
buy
a
new
laptop
.
•
They
didn
’
t
have
enough
money
to
rent
a
bigger
apartment
.
They
didn
’
t
have
enough
money
to
rent
a
bigger
apartment
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
Latin
“
moneta
”
meaning
mint
or
coin
,
later
broadened
to
abstract
wealth
.
noun
-
money
,
monies
prize
or
winnings
given
in
a
competition
,
game
,
or
bet
•
He
won
some
money
on
a
scratch
card
.
He
won
some
money
on
a
scratch
card
.
•
The
top
three
singers
will
earn
prize
money
tonight
.
The
top
three
singers
will
earn
prize
money
tonight
.
Sense
developed
from
the
idea
of
receiving
actual
currency
as
a
reward
for
success
.
someone
pronoun
a
word
you
use
when
you
are
talking
about
a
person
,
but
you
do
not
know
or
need
to
say
who
that
person
is
•
Someone
left
their
umbrella
in
the
hallway
.
Someone
left
their
umbrella
in
the
hallway
.
•
I
think
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door
.
I
think
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door
.
from
Middle
English
"
som
one
"
meaning
"
some
person
"
noun
an
important
or
famous
person
•
After
the
award
ceremony
,
he
finally
felt
like
someone
.
After
the
award
ceremony
,
he
finally
felt
like
someone
.
•
She
wants
to
be
someone
in
the
fashion
world
.
She
wants
to
be
someone
in
the
fashion
world
.
reason
verb
-
reason
,
reasoning
,
reasons
,
reasoned
to
think
about
something
logically
in
order
to
reach
a
conclusion
or
persuade
someone
•
He
reasoned
that
taking
the
earlier
train
would
save
time
.
He
reasoned
that
taking
the
earlier
train
would
save
time
.
•
The
lawyer
reasoned
with
the
jury
to
show
her
client
’
s
innocence
.
The
lawyer
reasoned
with
the
jury
to
show
her
client
’
s
innocence
.
everyone
pronoun
every
person
;
all
people
in
a
particular
group
or
situation
.
•
After
the
concert
,
everyone
cheered
loudly
and
clapped
.
After
the
concert
,
everyone
cheered
loudly
and
clapped
.
•
The
teacher
asked
everyone
to
hand
in
their
homework
before
leaving
.
The
teacher
asked
everyone
to
hand
in
their
homework
before
leaving
.
From
Middle
English
*every
oon*
meaning
“
each
one
”.
Over
time
the
phrase
blended
into
the
single
word
“
everyone
”.
season
verb
-
season
,
seasoning
,
seasons
,
seasoned
to
add
salt
,
herbs
,
or
other
flavorings
to
food
to
make
it
taste
better
•
Remember
to
season
the
soup
with
a
pinch
of
salt
before
serving
.
Remember
to
season
the
soup
with
a
pinch
of
salt
before
serving
.
•
She
likes
to
season
her
chicken
with
rosemary
and
garlic
.
She
likes
to
season
her
chicken
with
rosemary
and
garlic
.
verb
-
season
,
seasoning
,
seasons
,
seasoned
to
make
wood
,
equipment
,
or
a
person
ready
for
use
or
able
to
cope
by
allowing
time
,
experience
,
or
treatment
to
toughen
or
mature
them
•
Carpenters
must
season
the
timber
for
months
before
construction
.
Carpenters
must
season
the
timber
for
months
before
construction
.
•
Years
at
sea
will
season
a
sailor
for
any
storm
.
Years
at
sea
will
season
a
sailor
for
any
storm
.
anyone
pronoun
any
person
at
all
,
without
limiting
who
it
could
be
•
Anyone
can
learn
to
ride
a
bike
with
enough
practice
.
Anyone
can
learn
to
ride
a
bike
with
enough
practice
.
•
Is
there
anyone
inside
the
house
?
Is
there
anyone
inside
the
house
?
Formed
from
the
adjective
“
any
”
+
the
numeral
“
one
,”
recorded
in
English
since
the
1300s
.
pronoun
a
person
who
is
important
,
famous
,
or
worth
noticing
(
usually
in
negatives
or
questions
)
•
I'm
not
anyone
special
;
I
just
did
my
job
.
I'm
not
anyone
special
;
I
just
did
my
job
.
•
Do
you
think
you're
anyone
now
that
you
have
ten
thousand
followers
?
Do
you
think
you're
anyone
now
that
you
have
ten
thousand
followers
?
Extension
of
the
general
sense
“
any
person
,”
gaining
the
nuance
of
“
someone
noteworthy
”
in
colloquial
English
during
the
late
1800s
.
phone
noun
a
device
you
use
to
talk
to
or
send
messages
to
people
who
are
far
away
•
Mia
forgot
her
phone
at
home
and
couldn't
take
any
pictures
.
Mia
forgot
her
phone
at
home
and
couldn't
take
any
pictures
.
•
The
phone
rang
just
as
we
sat
down
for
dinner
.
The
phone
rang
just
as
we
sat
down
for
dinner
.
Shortened
from
“
telephone
,”
which
comes
from
Greek
tele-
“
far
”
+
phōnē
“
voice
,
sound
.”
verb
-
phone
,
phoning
,
phones
,
phoned
to
call
someone
using
a
phone
•
I'll
phone
you
when
I
arrive
at
the
station
.
I'll
phone
you
when
I
arrive
at
the
station
.
•
She
phoned
her
grandmother
every
Sunday
.
She
phoned
her
grandmother
every
Sunday
.
Back-formation
from
the
noun
“
phone
,”
itself
a
shortened
form
of
“
telephone
.”
reality
noun
-
reality
,
realities
,
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
the
true
state
of
things
as
they
actually
exist
,
not
as
they
are
imagined
or
wished
for
•
After
waking
from
a
vivid
dream
,
Mia
felt
a
jolt
as
she
returned
to
reality
.
After
waking
from
a
vivid
dream
,
Mia
felt
a
jolt
as
she
returned
to
reality
.
•
The
climbing
team
had
trained
for
months
,
but
the
freezing
wind
on
the
mountain
made
the
reality
of
the
ascent
clear
.
The
climbing
team
had
trained
for
months
,
but
the
freezing
wind
on
the
mountain
made
the
reality
of
the
ascent
clear
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Old
French
‘
realite
’,
from
medieval
Latin
‘
realitas
’,
from
Latin
‘
realis
’
meaning
‘
relating
to
things
’.
noun
-
reality
,
realities
,
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
a
real
fact
,
situation
,
or
experience
,
especially
one
of
several
kinds
or
examples
•
The
book
explores
the
different
realities
faced
by
refugees
around
the
world
.
The
book
explores
the
different
realities
faced
by
refugees
around
the
world
.
•
Climate
scientists
warn
us
about
the
stark
realities
of
global
warming
.
Climate
scientists
warn
us
about
the
stark
realities
of
global
warming
.
See
Sense
1
etymology
;
the
countable
use
evolved
in
the
17th
century
to
refer
to
specific
factual
situations
.
position
verb
to
put
something
or
someone
in
a
particular
place
•
She
carefully
positioned
the
camera
on
the
tripod
.
She
carefully
positioned
the
camera
on
the
tripod
.
•
Please
position
the
chairs
in
a
circle
for
the
discussion
.
Please
position
the
chairs
in
a
circle
for
the
discussion
.
verb
to
present
or
promote
something
in
a
particular
way
so
that
people
see
it
as
you
intend
•
The
company
positioned
its
new
phone
as
a
luxury
item
.
The
company
positioned
its
new
phone
as
a
luxury
item
.
•
He
is
trying
to
position
himself
as
an
expert
in
renewable
energy
.
He
is
trying
to
position
himself
as
an
expert
in
renewable
energy
.
condition
verb
-
condition
,
conditioning
,
conditions
,
conditioned
to
train
or
influence
a
person
or
animal
to
behave
in
a
particular
way
through
repeated
experience
•
Trainers
condition
the
dogs
to
sit
when
they
hear
a
whistle
.
Trainers
condition
the
dogs
to
sit
when
they
hear
a
whistle
.
•
From
childhood
,
we
are
conditioned
to
respect
traffic
lights
.
From
childhood
,
we
are
conditioned
to
respect
traffic
lights
.
verb
-
condition
,
conditioning
,
conditions
,
conditioned
to
apply
a
substance
or
process
that
makes
something
,
especially
hair
,
leather
,
or
fabric
,
softer
and
healthier
•
After
shampooing
,
I
always
condition
my
hair
.
After
shampooing
,
I
always
condition
my
hair
.
•
You
should
condition
the
leather
seats
to
keep
them
flexible
.
You
should
condition
the
leather
seats
to
keep
them
flexible
.
option
verb
to
buy
or
secure
the
right
to
use
or
develop
something
,
especially
a
book
,
story
,
or
piece
of
land
,
at
a
later
date
•
The
studio
optioned
the
novel
for
a
future
movie
adaptation
.
The
studio
optioned
the
novel
for
a
future
movie
adaptation
.
•
A
producer
options
scripts
he
thinks
might
become
hits
.
A
producer
options
scripts
he
thinks
might
become
hits
.
mention
verb
to
say
or
write
something
about
a
person
or
thing
briefly
,
without
going
into
detail
•
Please
mention
my
name
when
you
see
the
manager
.
Please
mention
my
name
when
you
see
the
manager
.
•
He
didn't
mention
the
broken
window
during
the
meeting
.
He
didn't
mention
the
broken
window
during
the
meeting
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
mencion
,
from
Latin
mentio
meaning
‘
a
speaking
of
’.
section
verb
to
divide
something
into
parts
,
or
to
separate
part
of
an
area
with
barriers
•
Workers
sectioned
the
hall
into
smaller
meeting
rooms
with
movable
walls
.
Workers
sectioned
the
hall
into
smaller
meeting
rooms
with
movable
walls
.
•
At
the
beach
,
lifeguards
section
off
a
safe
swimming
area
with
bright
buoys
.
At
the
beach
,
lifeguards
section
off
a
safe
swimming
area
with
bright
buoys
.
From
the
noun
“
section
”;
first
recorded
as
a
verb
in
the
18th
century
,
meaning
“
to
cut
into
slices
or
parts
”.
station
verb
-
station
,
stationing
,
stations
,
stationed
to
place
someone
or
something
in
a
particular
spot
so
that
they
stay
there
and
do
a
job
or
watch
something
•
Soldiers
were
stationed
at
the
border
to
keep
the
peace
.
Soldiers
were
stationed
at
the
border
to
keep
the
peace
.
•
The
company
has
stationed
a
technician
in
each
regional
office
.
The
company
has
stationed
a
technician
in
each
regional
office
.
soon
adverb
-
soon
,
sooner
,
soonest
after
a
short
time
from
now
•
Dinner
will
be
ready
soon
,
so
wash
your
hands
.
Dinner
will
be
ready
soon
,
so
wash
your
hands
.
•
The
train
should
arrive
soon
according
to
the
schedule
.
The
train
should
arrive
soon
according
to
the
schedule
.
Old
English
“
sōna
”
meaning
“
immediately
”
or
“
at
once
”,
gradually
shifting
to
“
in
a
short
time
”.
adverb
-
soon
,
sooner
,
soonest
after
only
a
short
time
from
now
or
from
a
named
moment
•
Mom
said
dinner
will
be
ready
soon
,
so
wash
your
hands
.
Mom
said
dinner
will
be
ready
soon
,
so
wash
your
hands
.
•
The
sun
will
set
soon
,
painting
the
clouds
pink
and
purple
.
The
sun
will
set
soon
,
painting
the
clouds
pink
and
purple
.
Old
English
“
sōna
”
meaning
“
immediately
”
or
“
at
once
,”
which
gradually
shifted
to
the
modern
idea
of
“
in
a
short
time
.”
adverb
-
soon
,
sooner
,
soonest
without
delay
;
quickly
or
promptly
•
The
nurse
came
soon
after
I
pressed
the
call
button
.
The
nurse
came
soon
after
I
pressed
the
call
button
.
•
Please
reply
soon
so
we
can
book
the
tickets
.
Please
reply
soon
so
we
can
book
the
tickets
.
adverb
-
soon
,
sooner
,
soonest
without
delay
;
as
quickly
or
early
as
possible
•
Please
come
home
as
soon
as
you
finish
work
.
Please
come
home
as
soon
as
you
finish
work
.
•
I
wrote
back
soon
after
receiving
her
letter
.
I
wrote
back
soon
after
receiving
her
letter
.
Same
origin
as
the
primary
sense
,
extending
the
idea
of
immediacy
to
mean
acting
without
delay
.
adverb
-
soon
,
sooner
,
soonest
used
with
“
would/could
sooner
”
to
mean
“
rather
”
•
I'd
sooner
stay
home
than
go
out
in
this
storm
.
I'd
sooner
stay
home
than
go
out
in
this
storm
.
•
She
would
sooner
read
a
book
than
watch
TV
.
She
would
sooner
read
a
book
than
watch
TV
.
alone
adjective
without
any
other
person
present
or
involved
•
The
little
boy
felt
alone
in
the
empty
playground
.
The
little
boy
felt
alone
in
the
empty
playground
.
•
Grandpa
sat
alone
on
the
wooden
porch
,
watching
the
bright
orange
sunset
over
the
fields
.
Grandpa
sat
alone
on
the
wooden
porch
,
watching
the
bright
orange
sunset
over
the
fields
.
From
Middle
English
all
one
(“
entirely
one
,
solitary
”),
later
written
as
two
words
and
eventually
merged
again
.
adjective
without
any
other
people
or
things
present
;
by
yourself
•
The
wooden
cabin
stood
alone
on
top
of
the
green
hill
.
The
wooden
cabin
stood
alone
on
top
of
the
green
hill
.
•
A
bright
red
poppy
bloomed
alone
in
the
wide
,
empty
field
.
A
bright
red
poppy
bloomed
alone
in
the
wide
,
empty
field
.
From
Middle
English
‘
al
one
’,
literally
“
all
one
”,
meaning
entirely
on
one
’
s
own
.
adjective
feeling
lonely
or
isolated
because
no
one
else
is
with
you
•
After
moving
to
the
new
city
,
Mia
felt
alone
even
in
the
crowded
streets
.
After
moving
to
the
new
city
,
Mia
felt
alone
even
in
the
crowded
streets
.
•
Tim
sometimes
feels
alone
when
his
friends
are
busy
after
school
.
Tim
sometimes
feels
alone
when
his
friends
are
busy
after
school
.
adverb
without
help
or
company
;
on
your
own
•
Grandpa
likes
to
hike
alone
in
the
cool
morning
air
.
Grandpa
likes
to
hike
alone
in
the
cool
morning
air
.
•
She
solved
the
difficult
puzzle
alone
without
any
hints
.
She
solved
the
difficult
puzzle
alone
without
any
hints
.
adverb
without
the
company
,
help
,
or
presence
of
anyone
else
;
only
•
She
traveled
alone
across
the
country
by
train
.
She
traveled
alone
across
the
country
by
train
.
•
I
built
this
treehouse
alone
.
I
built
this
treehouse
alone
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
from
Middle
English
all
one
(“
entirely
one
”).
adverb
used
after
a
noun
or
number
to
emphasize
that
it
is
the
only
one
or
the
only
amount
•
This
tiny
village
has
five
hundred
people
alone
.
This
tiny
village
has
five
hundred
people
alone
.
•
The
concert
tickets
alone
cost
over
a
hundred
dollars
.
The
concert
tickets
alone
cost
over
a
hundred
dollars
.
none
pronoun
-
none
not
any
of
the
people
or
things
being
talked
about
;
not
one
•
There
were
ten
cupcakes
this
morning
,
but
none
are
left
now
.
There
were
ten
cupcakes
this
morning
,
but
none
are
left
now
.
•
The
teacher
asked
for
questions
,
yet
none
of
the
students
raised
their
hands
.
The
teacher
asked
for
questions
,
yet
none
of
the
students
raised
their
hands
.
Old
English
‘
nān
’,
from
‘
ne
’ (
not
)
+
‘
ān
’ (
one
),
literally
“
not
one
”.
adverb
not
at
all
;
to
no
extent
•
He
was
none
too
happy
about
missing
the
train
.
He
was
none
too
happy
about
missing
the
train
.
•
The
soup
was
none
too
hot
after
an
hour
on
the
table
.
The
soup
was
none
too
hot
after
an
hour
on
the
table
.
Same
origin
as
the
pronoun
sense
;
adverbial
use
recorded
since
the
Middle
English
period
.
prison
verb
to
put
someone
in
a
prison
as
punishment
or
while
they
are
waiting
for
trial
•
The
rebels
were
swiftly
prisoned
after
the
failed
uprising
.
The
rebels
were
swiftly
prisoned
after
the
failed
uprising
.
•
In
1840
,
debtors
could
be
prisoned
for
years
without
trial
.
In
1840
,
debtors
could
be
prisoned
for
years
without
trial
.
function
verb
-
function
,
functioning
,
functions
,
functioned
to
work
or
operate
in
the
correct
or
intended
way
•
After
the
repair
,
the
old
radio
finally
functioned
again
.
After
the
repair
,
the
old
radio
finally
functioned
again
.
•
Without
batteries
,
the
toy
car
cannot
function
.
Without
batteries
,
the
toy
car
cannot
function
.
Verb
sense
recorded
from
the
late
17th
century
,
from
the
noun
meaning
“
to
perform
a
duty
.”
stone
noun
a
hard
,
solid
material
that
forms
rocks
and
is
used
for
building
,
paving
,
and
carving
•
The
cottage
was
built
from
large
blocks
of
stone
.
The
cottage
was
built
from
large
blocks
of
stone
.
•
A
sculptor
carefully
chipped
away
at
the
block
of
stone
to
reveal
a
face
.
A
sculptor
carefully
chipped
away
at
the
block
of
stone
to
reveal
a
face
.
noun
a
small
piece
of
rock
that
you
can
hold
in
your
hand
•
The
boy
skipped
a
flat
stone
across
the
pond
.
The
boy
skipped
a
flat
stone
across
the
pond
.
•
She
kept
a
smooth
white
stone
in
her
pocket
for
luck
.
She
kept
a
smooth
white
stone
in
her
pocket
for
luck
.
noun
a
precious
or
semi-precious
jewel
that
has
been
cut
and
polished
•
The
ring
was
set
with
a
sparkling
emerald
stone
.
The
ring
was
set
with
a
sparkling
emerald
stone
.
•
Craftsmen
cut
rough
stones
into
brilliant
gems
.
Craftsmen
cut
rough
stones
into
brilliant
gems
.
noun
the
hard
inner
seed
of
certain
fruits
such
as
peaches
,
cherries
,
or
olives
•
Be
careful
of
the
stone
when
you
eat
that
olive
.
Be
careful
of
the
stone
when
you
eat
that
olive
.
•
He
nearly
cracked
a
tooth
on
the
stone
in
a
plum
.
He
nearly
cracked
a
tooth
on
the
stone
in
a
plum
.
verb
-
stone
,
stoning
,
stones
,
stoned
to
remove
the
hard
seed
from
a
fruit
•
She
stoned
the
cherries
before
baking
the
pie
.
She
stoned
the
cherries
before
baking
the
pie
.
•
You
can
stone
olives
quickly
with
this
tool
.
You
can
stone
olives
quickly
with
this
tool
.
noun
-
stone
a
unit
for
measuring
weight
equal
to
14
pounds
(
about
6
.
35
kilograms
)
•
After
months
of
exercise
,
he
lost
two
stone
.
After
months
of
exercise
,
he
lost
two
stone
.
•
She
weighs
nine
and
a
half
stone
now
.
She
weighs
nine
and
a
half
stone
now
.
verb
-
stone
,
stoning
,
stones
,
stoned
to
throw
stones
at
someone
or
something
•
Angry
villagers
stoned
the
abandoned
house's
windows
.
Angry
villagers
stoned
the
abandoned
house's
windows
.
•
Don't
stone
the
birds
near
the
lake
.
Don't
stone
the
birds
near
the
lake
.
adverb
completely
or
totally
,
used
for
emphasis
before
an
adjective
•
The
soup
was
served
stone
cold
.
The
soup
was
served
stone
cold
.
•
When
the
comedian
finished
,
the
room
fell
stone
silent
.
When
the
comedian
finished
,
the
room
fell
stone
silent
.
commission
verb
to
formally
ask
someone
to
create
,
produce
,
or
do
a
piece
of
work
and
usually
pay
them
for
it
•
The
city
plans
to
commission
a
mural
for
the
subway
station
.
The
city
plans
to
commission
a
mural
for
the
subway
station
.
•
They
decided
to
commission
an
independent
study
on
air
quality
.
They
decided
to
commission
an
independent
study
on
air
quality
.
From
Old
French
commissionner
,
rooted
in
Latin
committere
‘
entrust
’.
honey
noun
-
honey
a
thick
,
sweet
,
golden
liquid
made
by
bees
from
flower
nectar
,
often
eaten
as
food
or
used
to
sweeten
drinks
•
Grandma
drizzled
honey
over
the
warm
pancakes
.
Grandma
drizzled
honey
over
the
warm
pancakes
.
•
Bees
store
honey
in
waxy
combs
inside
their
hive
.
Bees
store
honey
in
waxy
combs
inside
their
hive
.
Old
English
“
hunig
,”
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
“
honing
”
and
German
“
Honig
”.
noun
a
friendly
or
affectionate
way
of
addressing
someone
you
love
or
like
,
such
as
a
partner
,
child
,
or
close
friend
•
“
Thanks
for
carrying
the
groceries
,
honey
.”
“
Thanks
for
carrying
the
groceries
,
honey
.”
•
A
father
knelt
and
tied
his
daughter's
shoe
,
saying
, “
Are
you
ready
to
go
,
honey
?”
A
father
knelt
and
tied
his
daughter's
shoe
,
saying
, “
Are
you
ready
to
go
,
honey
?”
Extension
from
the
sweet
food
to
a
person
considered
sweet
,
recorded
in
English
since
the
14th
century
.
noun
something
or
someone
that
is
very
good
,
impressive
,
or
attractive
•
That
new
sports
car
is
a
real
honey
.
That
new
sports
car
is
a
real
honey
.
•
He
landed
a
honey
of
a
job
at
the
design
firm
.
He
landed
a
honey
of
a
job
at
the
design
firm
.
Evolved
from
the
idea
of
honey
as
something
sweet
and
pleasant
;
informal
use
recorded
in
American
English
since
the
late
19th
century
.
bone
noun
the
hard
white
material
that
makes
up
the
skeleton
of
people
and
animals
•
The
dog
buried
a
bone
in
the
garden
.
The
dog
buried
a
bone
in
the
garden
.
•
She
broke
a
bone
in
her
arm
while
skating
.
She
broke
a
bone
in
her
arm
while
skating
.
Old
English
“
bān
”,
related
to
Old
Frisian
“
bēn
”,
meaning
the
hard
part
of
the
body
.
verb
-
bone
,
boning
,
bones
,
boned
to
remove
the
bones
from
meat
or
fish
•
The
chef
boned
the
chicken
before
cooking
it
.
The
chef
boned
the
chicken
before
cooking
it
.
•
She
is
learning
how
to
bone
a
fish
without
wasting
meat
.
She
is
learning
how
to
bone
a
fish
without
wasting
meat
.
From
the
noun
“
bone
”,
meaning
to
take
the
bone
out
.
noun
a
rectangular
playing
piece
used
in
games
like
dominoes
;
also
called
a
domino
tile
•
He
slapped
the
bone
on
the
table
to
start
the
game
.
He
slapped
the
bone
on
the
table
to
start
the
game
.
•
Grandma
keeps
her
domino
bones
in
a
velvet
pouch
.
Grandma
keeps
her
domino
bones
in
a
velvet
pouch
.
Transferred
sense
from
earlier
dice
made
of
animal
bone
.
moon
verb
to
show
your
bare
buttocks
to
someone
as
a
joke
or
insult
•
Some
rowdy
fans
mooned
the
camera
after
the
game
.
Some
rowdy
fans
mooned
the
camera
after
the
game
.
•
The
teenager
was
punished
for
trying
to
moon
passing
cars
.
The
teenager
was
punished
for
trying
to
moon
passing
cars
.
verb
to
move
or
act
in
a
sad
,
dreamy
way
because
you
are
thinking
about
something
or
someone
•
He
would
moon
around
the
house
after
the
breakup
.
He
would
moon
around
the
house
after
the
breakup
.
•
She
spent
the
afternoon
mooning
over
old
photographs
.
She
spent
the
afternoon
mooning
over
old
photographs
.
zone
noun
an
area
that
is
separated
from
others
because
it
has
a
particular
purpose
or
characteristic
•
This
part
of
the
city
is
a
quiet
residential
zone
.
This
part
of
the
city
is
a
quiet
residential
zone
.
•
Slow
down
,
you're
entering
a
school zone
.
Slow
down
,
you're
entering
a
school zone
.
Borrowed
in
the
Middle
Ages
from
Latin
zona
“
belt
,
girdle
,”
itself
from
Ancient
Greek
zōnē
with
the
same
meaning
,
later
extended
to
describe
any
belt-like
region
of
land
or
sky
.
verb
-
zone
,
zoning
,
zones
,
zoned
to
officially
divide
an
area
of
land
into
sections
that
can
be
used
only
for
particular
purposes
•
The
city
council
voted
to
zone
the
land
for
industrial
use
.
The
city
council
voted
to
zone
the
land
for
industrial
use
.
•
If
they
don't
zone
this
area
correctly
,
the
neighborhood
could
become
chaotic
.
If
they
don't
zone
this
area
correctly
,
the
neighborhood
could
become
chaotic
.
Verbal
sense
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
noun
,
as
city
planners
began
to
"
zone
"
land
for
specific
uses
.
honest
adjective
always
telling
the
truth
and
not
cheating
,
stealing
,
or
hiding
facts
•
My
dad
is
an
honest
mechanic
who
always
tells
customers
the
truth
.
My
dad
is
an
honest
mechanic
who
always
tells
customers
the
truth
.
•
The
boy
returned
a
lost
wallet
because
he
wanted
to
stay
honest
.
The
boy
returned
a
lost
wallet
because
he
wanted
to
stay
honest
.
From
Middle
English
honest
,
via
Old
French
honeste
,
from
Latin
honestus
meaning
‘
honorable
,
respectable
’.
adjective
earned
,
obtained
,
or
done
in
a
fair
,
legal
,
and
straightforward
way
•
After
years
of
honest
work
,
his
small
farm
finally
made
a
profit
.
After
years
of
honest
work
,
his
small
farm
finally
made
a
profit
.
•
She
prefers
to
earn
an
honest
living
rather
than
take
shortcuts
.
She
prefers
to
earn
an
honest
living
rather
than
take
shortcuts
.
interjection
used
to
emphasize
that
what
you
are
saying
is
completely
true
•
Honest
!
I
finished
my
homework
on
time
.
Honest
!
I
finished
my
homework
on
time
.
•
I
didn't
touch
your
phone
,
honest
.
I
didn't
touch
your
phone
,
honest
.
component
noun
one
of
several
parts
that
together
make
up
a
larger
whole
•
The
engine
will
not
run
if
even
a
single
component
is
missing
.
The
engine
will
not
run
if
even
a
single
component
is
missing
.
•
Teamwork
is
an
essential
component
of
winning
the
championship
.
Teamwork
is
an
essential
component
of
winning
the
championship
.
from
Latin
componere
“
to
put
together
”
via
medieval
Latin
componentem
,
meaning
“
put
together
,
forming
a
whole
”
noun
a
separate
piece
of
electronic
,
mechanical
,
or
software
hardware
that
can
be
installed
or
replaced
in
a
larger
system
•
The
motherboard
failed
because
one
of
the
power
components
overheated
.
The
motherboard
failed
because
one
of
the
power
components
overheated
.
•
Many
hobbyists
enjoy
soldering
their
own
audio
amplifier
components
.
Many
hobbyists
enjoy
soldering
their
own
audio
amplifier
components
.
Sense
extended
in
the
mid-20th
century
with
the
rise
of
electronics
,
referring
to
discrete
parts
that
could
be
assembled
into
complex
devices
.
adjective
forming
part
of
something
larger
,
usually
used
before
a
noun
•
The
watch
was
dismantled
into
its
component
parts
.
The
watch
was
dismantled
into
its
component
parts
.
•
Before
painting
,
you
must
mix
the
three
component
colors
correctly
.
Before
painting
,
you
must
mix
the
three
component
colors
correctly
.
Post-positive
use
dating
from
the
early
19th
century
,
from
the
noun
sense
,
to
describe
something
belonging
to
a
whole
.
bother
verb
-
bother
,
bothering
,
bothers
,
bothered
to
annoy
,
disturb
,
or
upset
someone
•
Please
don
’
t
bother
the
cat
while
it
’
s
sleeping
.
Please
don
’
t
bother
the
cat
while
it
’
s
sleeping
.
•
The
buzzing
mosquitoes
bothered
the
campers
all
night
.
The
buzzing
mosquitoes
bothered
the
campers
all
night
.
Early
18th
century
,
origin
uncertain
;
perhaps
related
to
Irish
‘
bodhar
’
meaning
‘
deaf
,
dull
’.
motion
verb
to
make
a
hand
or
body
movement
that
tells
someone
to
come
,
go
,
or
do
something
•
The
teacher
motioned
for
the
noisy
class
to
settle
down
.
The
teacher
motioned
for
the
noisy
class
to
settle
down
.
•
He
motioned
me
over
to
the
window
to
see
the
rainbow
.
He
motioned
me
over
to
the
window
to
see
the
rainbow
.
fashion
verb
-
fashion
,
fashioning
,
fashions
,
fashioned
to
make
or
shape
something
,
especially
with
the
hands
or
with
careful
effort
•
The
artisan
fashioned
a
beautiful
vase
from
red
clay
.
The
artisan
fashioned
a
beautiful
vase
from
red
clay
.
•
She
fashioned
a
shelter
from
branches
and
leaves
before
nightfall
.
She
fashioned
a
shelter
from
branches
and
leaves
before
nightfall
.
opponent
noun
a
person
or
team
that
you
are
playing
against
or
competing
with
in
a
sport
,
game
,
or
other
contest
•
During
the
chess
tournament
,
Maria
studied
her
opponent's
moves
carefully
.
During
the
chess
tournament
,
Maria
studied
her
opponent's
moves
carefully
.
•
The
boxer
knocked
his
opponent
down
in
the
second
round
.
The
boxer
knocked
his
opponent
down
in
the
second
round
.
From
Latin
opponens
,
present
participle
of
opponere
“
to
set
against
”.
noun
someone
who
disagrees
with
and
actively
tries
to
stop
an
idea
,
plan
,
or
policy
•
She
is
a
vocal
opponent
of
single-use
plastics
.
She
is
a
vocal
opponent
of
single-use
plastics
.
•
Many
citizens
became
opponents
of
the
new
tax
law
.
Many
citizens
became
opponents
of
the
new
tax
law
.
From
Latin
opponens
,
present
participle
of
opponere
“
to
set
against
”.
The
sense
of
political
or
ideological
opposition
developed
in
the
17th
century
.
button
verb
-
button
,
buttoning
,
buttons
,
buttoned
to
fasten
or
close
something
by
pushing
buttons
through
the
matching
holes
or
loops
•
It's
cold
outside
,
so
button
your
coat
before
you
leave
.
It's
cold
outside
,
so
button
your
coat
before
you
leave
.
•
She
buttoned
the
baby's
tiny
sweater
carefully
.
She
buttoned
the
baby's
tiny
sweater
carefully
.
From
the
noun
sense
of
the
clothing
fastener
,
recorded
as
a
verb
since
the
16th
century
.
portion
verb
to
divide
something
into
parts
and
give
each
part
to
someone
or
for
a
purpose
•
The
manager
portioned
the
budget
equally
among
the
teams
.
The
manager
portioned
the
budget
equally
among
the
teams
.
•
She
portioned
the
cake
so
every
child
got
a
slice
.
She
portioned
the
cake
so
every
child
got
a
slice
.
tone
noun
-
tone
,
toning
,
tones
,
toned
the
quality
,
pitch
,
or
character
of
a
sound
or
voice
•
Her
friendly
tone
made
the
nervous
child
feel
welcome
.
Her
friendly
tone
made
the
nervous
child
feel
welcome
.
•
The
bell's
clear
tone
echoed
across
the
quiet
valley
.
The
bell's
clear
tone
echoed
across
the
quiet
valley
.
From
Latin
“
tonus
”,
meaning
“
sound
”
or
“
tone
”,
ultimately
from
Ancient
Greek
“
tonos
” (
stretch
,
tone
).
noun
-
tone
,
toning
,
tones
,
toned
a
particular
shade
or
degree
of
lightness
or
darkness
of
a
color
•
She
painted
her
room
in
a
soft
tone
of
blue
.
She
painted
her
room
in
a
soft
tone
of
blue
.
•
The
designer
chose
neutral
tones
to
create
a
calm
atmosphere
.
The
designer
chose
neutral
tones
to
create
a
calm
atmosphere
.
Extended
from
the
musical
sense
to
color
in
the
18th
century
,
comparing
visual
and
auditory
qualities
of
richness
and
depth
.
noun
-
tone
,
toning
,
tones
,
toned
the
general
mood
,
feeling
,
or
attitude
expressed
by
words
,
actions
,
or
a
piece
of
writing
•
The
email
’
s
friendly
tone
made
the
client
feel
valued
.
The
email
’
s
friendly
tone
made
the
client
feel
valued
.
•
His
sarcastic
tone
upset
the
audience
.
His
sarcastic
tone
upset
the
audience
.
Metaphorical
extension
from
sound
to
manner
of
expression
appeared
in
the
15th
century
.
noun
-
tone
,
toning
,
tones
,
toned
the
natural
firmness
and
slight
tension
in
healthy
muscles
•
Physical
therapy
helped
him
regain
muscle
tone
after
the
injury
.
Physical
therapy
helped
him
regain
muscle
tone
after
the
injury
.
•
Good
posture
depends
on
the
tone
of
core
muscles
.
Good
posture
depends
on
the
tone
of
core
muscles
.
Adopted
in
medical
language
in
the
17th
century
,
linking
muscle
tension
to
the
idea
of
tightness
in
musical
strings
.
verb
-
tone
,
toning
,
tones
,
toned
to
make
a
part
of
the
body
,
especially
muscles
,
firmer
and
stronger
through
exercise
•
She
does
yoga
every
morning
to
tone
her
arms
.
She
does
yoga
every
morning
to
tone
her
arms
.
•
These
exercises
will
tone
your
core
muscles
.
These
exercises
will
tone
your
core
muscles
.
Verb
sense
emerged
in
the
late
19th
century
fitness
movement
,
likening
muscle
conditioning
to
tightening
strings
for
a
clearer
musical
tone
.
transition
verb
to
change
from
one
state
,
activity
,
or
place
to
another
•
After
graduation
,
she
transitioned
quickly
into
a
full-time
engineer
.
After
graduation
,
she
transitioned
quickly
into
a
full-time
engineer
.
•
The
conversation
smoothly
transitions
from
politics
to
sports
.
The
conversation
smoothly
transitions
from
politics
to
sports
.
iron
verb
-
iron
,
ironing
,
irons
,
ironed
to
make
clothes
smooth
by
pressing
them
with
a
hot
iron
•
I
still
need
to
iron
my
trousers
before
the
meeting
.
I
still
need
to
iron
my
trousers
before
the
meeting
.
•
He
carefully
ironed
the
collar
until
it
was
crisp
.
He
carefully
ironed
the
collar
until
it
was
crisp
.
abandon
verb
-
abandon
to
leave
a
person
,
animal
,
or
place
forever
,
especially
when
they
still
need
you
•
During
the
storm
,
the
sailors
had
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
During
the
storm
,
the
sailors
had
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
•
The
frightened
kitten
was
abandoned
outside
the
animal
shelter
overnight
.
The
frightened
kitten
was
abandoned
outside
the
animal
shelter
overnight
.
occasion
verb
to
cause
something
to
happen
•
The
delays
occasioned
great
frustration
among
passengers
.
The
delays
occasioned
great
frustration
among
passengers
.
•
His
carelessness
occasioned
a
serious
accident
.
His
carelessness
occasioned
a
serious
accident
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
'occaison'
,
from
Latin
'occasio
(
n-
)
'
meaning
‘
juncture
,
reason
’,
from
the
verb
'occidere'
‘
to
fall
,
befall
’.
tension
verb
-
tension
,
tensioning
,
tensions
,
tensioned
To
make
something
tight
by
applying
a
pulling
force
.
•
The
workers
carefully
tensioned
the
steel
cables
before
pouring
concrete
.
The
workers
carefully
tensioned
the
steel
cables
before
pouring
concrete
.
•
Before
painting
,
she
tensioned
the
canvas
over
the
frame
.
Before
painting
,
she
tensioned
the
canvas
over
the
frame
.
provision
verb
to
supply
someone
or
something
with
the
food
,
equipment
,
or
other
things
they
need
•
The
base
camp
was
fully
provisioned
before
the
expedition
began
.
The
base
camp
was
fully
provisioned
before
the
expedition
began
.
•
They
must
provision
the
remote
research
station
twice
a
year
.
They
must
provision
the
remote
research
station
twice
a
year
.
Verb
use
developed
in
the
early
17th
century
from
the
noun
,
meaning
‘
to
supply
with
provisions
’.
telephone
noun
a
device
with
a
mouth-piece
and
an
earpiece
that
lets
people
talk
to
each
other
even
when
they
are
far
apart
,
by
turning
their
voices
into
electrical
signals
and
back
again
•
Maya
picked
up
the
telephone
and
called
her
grandmother
.
Maya
picked
up
the
telephone
and
called
her
grandmother
.
•
The
old
telephone
on
his
desk
still
had
a
rotary
dial
.
The
old
telephone
on
his
desk
still
had
a
rotary
dial
.
from
Greek
tele-
‘
far
’
+
phōnē
‘
voice
,
sound
’;
invented
name
used
by
Alexander
Graham
Bell
in
the
19th
century
noun
the
whole
network
and
technology
that
carries
spoken
messages
over
wires
or
radio
waves
so
people
can
talk
to
each
other
across
distances
•
The
telephone
changed
the
way
businesses
communicated
around
the
world
.
The
telephone
changed
the
way
businesses
communicated
around
the
world
.
•
Strong
winds
knocked
out
the
village
’
s
telephone
for
two
days
.
Strong
winds
knocked
out
the
village
’
s
telephone
for
two
days
.
developed
from
the
device
name
to
describe
the
entire
system
that
carries
calls
verb
-
telephone
,
telephoning
,
telephones
,
telephoned
to
call
someone
and
speak
to
them
using
a
telephone
•
I
will
telephone
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive
.
I
will
telephone
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive
.
•
She
telephoned
the
doctor
for
an
appointment
.
She
telephoned
the
doctor
for
an
appointment
.
back-formation
from
the
noun
;
first
used
as
a
verb
soon
after
the
device
was
invented
prisoner
noun
a
person
who
is
kept
in
prison
as
punishment
for
breaking
the
law
or
while
waiting
for
a
trial
•
The
guard
unlocked
the
cell
door
,
and
the
prisoner
stepped
out
slowly
.
The
guard
unlocked
the
cell
door
,
and
the
prisoner
stepped
out
slowly
.
•
Each
prisoner
in
the
facility
receives
three
meals
a
day
.
Each
prisoner
in
the
facility
receives
three
meals
a
day
.
noun
a
soldier
or
civilian
captured
and
held
by
the
enemy
during
a
war
•
The
captured
pilot
was
treated
as
a
prisoner of war
.
The
captured
pilot
was
treated
as
a
prisoner of war
.
•
International
law
protects
prisoners of war
from
mistreatment
.
International
law
protects
prisoners of war
from
mistreatment
.
noun
someone
who
feels
unable
to
act
freely
because
they
are
tightly
controlled
by
a
situation
,
feeling
,
or
habit
•
She
felt
like
a
prisoner
of
her
own
fears
and
rarely
left
the
house
.
She
felt
like
a
prisoner
of
her
own
fears
and
rarely
left
the
house
.
•
He
became
a
prisoner
to
his
work
and
had
no
time
for
friends
.
He
became
a
prisoner
to
his
work
and
had
no
time
for
friends
.
champion
verb
-
champion
,
championing
,
champions
,
championed
to
actively
support
,
defend
,
or
fight
for
a
person
,
idea
,
or
cause
•
The
young
lawyer
vowed
to
champion
the
rights
of
migrant
workers
.
The
young
lawyer
vowed
to
champion
the
rights
of
migrant
workers
.
•
She
championed
renewable
energy
policies
throughout
her
career
.
She
championed
renewable
energy
policies
throughout
her
career
.
vacation
verb
to
spend
a
period
of
time
away
from
home
for
rest
or
pleasure
•
They
vacation
in
Italy
every
spring
.
They
vacation
in
Italy
every
spring
.
•
We
plan
to
vacation
near
the
lakes
this
autumn
.
We
plan
to
vacation
near
the
lakes
this
autumn
.
dimension
verb
-
dimension
,
dimensioning
,
dimensions
,
dimensioned
to
mark
,
specify
,
or
design
the
measurements
of
something
•
The
engineer
dimensioned
each
bolt
hole
to
the
nearest
millimeter
.
The
engineer
dimensioned
each
bolt
hole
to
the
nearest
millimeter
.
•
Please
dimension
the
component
so
the
machinist
knows
its
size
.
Please
dimension
the
component
so
the
machinist
knows
its
size
.
honestly
adverb
in
a
truthful
and
sincere
way
,
without
lying
or
cheating
•
Please
tell
me
honestly
—
did
you
eat
the
last
cookie
?
Please
tell
me
honestly
—
did
you
eat
the
last
cookie
?
•
She
answered
the
police
officer
honestly
about
what
she
saw
.
She
answered
the
police
officer
honestly
about
what
she
saw
.
Derived
from
the
adjective
"
honest
"
+
adverbial
suffix
"
-ly
";
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
around
the
14th
century
.
adverb
used
to
emphasize
that
what
you
are
saying
is
true
or
to
introduce
a
frank
opinion
•
Honestly
,
I
think
this
is
the
best
pizza
in
town
.
Honestly
,
I
think
this
is
the
best
pizza
in
town
.
•
You
should
honestly
try
talking
to
your
parents
about
it
.
You
should
honestly
try
talking
to
your
parents
about
it
.
interjection
an
exclamation
showing
annoyance
,
disbelief
,
or
impatience
•
Honestly
!
Can
you
stop
making
so
much
noise
?
Honestly
!
Can
you
stop
making
so
much
noise
?
•
Honestly
,
these
buses
are
always
late
.
Honestly
,
these
buses
are
always
late
.
iPhone
noun
a
touchscreen
smartphone
made
by
Apple
Inc
.
•
Maria
proudly
showed
her
friends
the
photos
she
had
taken
on
her
new
iPhone
.
Maria
proudly
showed
her
friends
the
photos
she
had
taken
on
her
new
iPhone
.
•
During
the
train
ride
,
James
listened
to
music
on
his
iPhone
to
pass
the
time
.
During
the
train
ride
,
James
listened
to
music
on
his
iPhone
to
pass
the
time
.
Launched
by
Apple
Inc
.
in
2007
,
combining
the
words
“
internet
”
and
“
phone
”
to
emphasize
its
web
capabilities
alongside
traditional
calling
.
proportion
verb
to
adjust
or
design
something
so
that
its
amount
,
size
,
or
shape
matches
or
relates
well
to
something
else
•
The
staircase
was
carefully
proportioned
to
fit
the
narrow
hallway
.
The
staircase
was
carefully
proportioned
to
fit
the
narrow
hallway
.
•
She
proportioned
the
ingredients
so
the
sauce
had
the
right
thickness
.
She
proportioned
the
ingredients
so
the
sauce
had
the
right
thickness
.
assert oneself
verb
to
behave
or
speak
confidently
so
that
people
notice
and
respect
you
•
In
her
first
week
at
the
job
,
Anna
knew
she
had
to
assert
herself
to
be
taken
seriously
.
In
her
first
week
at
the
job
,
Anna
knew
she
had
to
assert herself
to
be
taken
seriously
.
•
The
shy
student
tried
to
assert
himself
by
joining
class
discussions
.
The
shy
student
tried
to
assert himself
by
joining
class
discussions
.
extension
of
the
verb
“
assert
”
with
the
reflexive
pronoun
emphasizing
personal
confidence
.
exceed oneself
verb
to
do
something
better
than
you
have
ever
done
before
•
In
the
final
game
,
the
young
striker
exceeded
himself
and
scored
three
brilliant
goals
.
In
the
final
game
,
the
young
striker
exceeded himself
and
scored
three
brilliant
goals
.
•
She
exceeded
herself
with
a
cake
that
looked
too
beautiful
to
eat
.
She
exceeded herself
with
a
cake
that
looked
too
beautiful
to
eat
.
Extension
of
the
core
verb
“
exceed
”
with
reflexive
pronoun
since
the
16th
century
.
commissioner
noun
an
official
who
is
chosen
to
lead
or
supervise
a
government
department
,
public
agency
,
or
other
administrative
area
•
The
city
appointed
Jane
Smith
as
the
new
commissioner
of
public
health
.
The
city
appointed
Jane
Smith
as
the
new
commissioner
of
public
health
.
•
A
commissioner
inspected
the
construction
site
to
ensure
safety
standards
were
met
.
A
commissioner
inspected
the
construction
site
to
ensure
safety
standards
were
met
.
Middle
English
,
from
Anglo-French
,
from
Medieval
Latin
commissarius
“
delegate
,
agent
,”
from
Latin
committere
“
to
entrust
.”
noun
the
chief
executive
who
oversees
and
governs
a
professional
sports
league
or
organization
•
The
NBA
commissioner
announced
the
draft
picks
on
live
television
.
The
NBA
commissioner
announced
the
draft
picks
on
live
television
.
•
Fans
praised
the
league
commissioner
for
expanding
the
women
’
s
tournament
.
Fans
praised
the
league
commissioner
for
expanding
the
women
’
s
tournament
.
shine
verb
-
shine
,
shining
,
shines
,
shone
,
shined
to
give
off
or
reflect
light
so
that
something
is
bright
•
At
night
,
the
full
moon
shines
over
the
quiet
lake
.
At
night
,
the
full
moon
shines
over
the
quiet
lake
.
•
The
polished
car
hood
shone
like
a
mirror
in
the
afternoon
sun
.
The
polished
car
hood
shone
like
a
mirror
in
the
afternoon
sun
.
Old
English
‘
scīnan
’,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
German
‘
scheinen
’,
meaning
‘
to
appear
,
shine
’.
verb
-
shine
,
shining
,
shines
,
shone
to
perform
exceptionally
well
and
stand
out
because
of
great
ability
•
Maya
always
shines
in
mathematics
and
finishes
every
test
early
.
Maya
always
shines
in
mathematics
and
finishes
every
test
early
.
•
During
the
championship
game
,
the
rookie
player
shone
when
the
team
needed
him
most
.
During
the
championship
game
,
the
rookie
player
shone
when
the
team
needed
him
most
.
sanction
verb
to
officially
approve
or
allow
something
•
The
council
sanctioned
the
building
of
a
new
playground
.
The
council
sanctioned
the
building
of
a
new
playground
.
•
The
teacher
sanctions
quiet
discussion
during
group
work
.
The
teacher
sanctions
quiet
discussion
during
group
work
.
From
Latin
sancīre
“
to
decree
,
confirm
.”
verb
to
punish
or
impose
an
official
penalty
on
someone
or
something
•
The
league
sanctioned
the
team
for
fielding
an
ineligible
player
.
The
league
sanctioned
the
team
for
fielding
an
ineligible
player
.
•
Regulators
sanctioned
the
bank
after
repeated
violations
.
Regulators
sanctioned
the
bank
after
repeated
violations
.
Meaning
"
to
penalize
"
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
noun
sense
of
"
penalty
."
undergo
verb
-
undergo
,
undergoing
,
undergoes
,
underwent
,
undergone
to
experience
or
be
subjected
to
a
process
,
test
,
change
,
or
something
often
difficult
or
unpleasant
•
The
old
mansion
will
undergo
major
renovations
next
year
.
The
old
mansion
will
undergo
major
renovations
next
year
.
•
After
the
accident
,
she
had
to
undergo
several
surgeries
to
recover
.
After
the
accident
,
she
had
to
undergo
several
surgeries
to
recover
.
Middle
English
undergoon
,
from
under
+
go
,
originally
meaning
“
undertake
”
or
“
go
among
difficulties
.”