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Picture Dictionary
English
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Chinese
adjective
-
Chinese
coming
from
,
belonging
to
,
or
connected
with
China
or
its
people
,
culture
,
or
products
β’
We
went
to
a
Chinese
restaurant
for
dinner
.
We
went
to
a
Chinese
restaurant
for
dinner
.
β’
She
loves
Chinese
art
and
calligraphy
.
She
loves
Chinese
art
and
calligraphy
.
From
China
+
βese
,
a
suffix
forming
demonyms
and
adjectives
.
noun
-
Chinese
a
person
who
comes
from
China
or
whose
family
comes
from
China
β’
A
Chinese
greeted
us
warmly
when
we
arrived
in
Beijing
.
A
Chinese
greeted
us
warmly
when
we
arrived
in
Beijing
.
β’
The
team
includes
a
Chinese
and
a
Japanese
player
.
The
team
includes
a
Chinese
and
a
Japanese
player
.
First
recorded
in
English
in
the
16th
century
,
as
a
demonym
formed
from
China
+
βese
.
noun
-
Chinese
the
language
or
group
of
related
languages
spoken
in
China
,
especially
Mandarin
β’
He
speaks
Chinese
fluently
after
living
in
Shanghai
.
He
speaks
Chinese
fluently
after
living
in
Shanghai
.
β’
I
am
learning
Chinese
online
every
evening
.
I
am
learning
Chinese
online
every
evening
.
Adopted
in
English
to
refer
to
the
language
(
s
)
of
China
by
the
17th
century
.
child
noun
-
child
,
children
A
very
young
person
who
is
not
yet
an
adult
.
β’
The
child
giggled
as
she
chased
bubbles
in
the
park
.
The
child
giggled
as
she
chased
bubbles
in
the
park
.
β’
Each
child
in
the
class
painted
a
picture
of
their
family
.
Each
child
in
the
class
painted
a
picture
of
their
family
.
noun
-
child
,
children
Someone
β
s
son
or
daughter
,
no
matter
how
old
they
are
.
β’
Even
as
an
adult
,
Maria
is
still
her
parents
β
child
.
Even
as
an
adult
,
Maria
is
still
her
parents
β
child
.
β’
They
have
one
child
living
overseas
and
two
at
home
.
They
have
one
child
living
overseas
and
two
at
home
.
noun
-
child
,
children
A
person
who
behaves
in
a
silly
,
impatient
,
or
immature
way
.
β’
β
Stop
being
a
child
β
just
apologize
!β
β
Stop
being
a
child
β
just
apologize
!β
β’
He
acted
like
a
child
when
he
didn
β
t
get
his
way
.
He
acted
like
a
child
when
he
didn
β
t
get
his
way
.
noun
-
child
,
children
In
computing
,
an
element
,
file
,
or
process
that
is
directly
controlled
by
another
one
called
the
parent
.
β’
The
main
window
spawns
a
child
process
to
handle
printing
.
The
main
window
spawns
a
child
process
to
handle
printing
.
β’
Each
folder
can
contain
many
child
directories
.
Each
folder
can
contain
many
child
directories
.
watch
verb
-
watch
,
watching
,
watches
,
watched
to
look
at
someone
or
something
carefully
for
a
period
of
time
β’
We
sat
on
the
hill
and
watched
the
sunset
paint
the
sky
orange
.
We
sat
on
the
hill
and
watched
the
sunset
paint
the
sky
orange
.
β’
Lena
likes
to
watch
movies
on
rainy
evenings
.
Lena
likes
to
watch
movies
on
rainy
evenings
.
Old
English
wacian
meant
β
stay
awake
,
be
vigilant
,β
which
later
developed
into
the
idea
of
looking
at
something
attentively
.
verb
-
watch
,
watching
,
watches
,
watched
to
look
after
someone
or
something
so
that
it
is
safe
β’
Could
you
watch
my
bag
while
I
go
to
the
restroom
?
Could
you
watch
my
bag
while
I
go
to
the
restroom
?
β’
Sam
watched
his
little
sister
after
school
until
their
parents
got
home
.
Sam
watched
his
little
sister
after
school
until
their
parents
got
home
.
The
sense
of
guarding
developed
from
the
older
idea
of
keeping
awake
and
being
alert
.
research
verb
-
research
,
researching
,
researches
,
researched
to
study
something
in
detail
to
discover
new
information
or
reach
new
conclusions
β’
Before
buying
a
car
,
Tom
carefully
researched
different
models
and
prices
online
.
Before
buying
a
car
,
Tom
carefully
researched
different
models
and
prices
online
.
β’
The
journalist
is
researching
a
story
about
renewable
energy
.
The
journalist
is
researching
a
story
about
renewable
energy
.
Derived
from
the
noun
form
;
first
used
as
a
verb
in
early
17th
century
.
reach
verb
-
reach
,
reaches
,
reaching
,
reached
to
stretch
out
your
arm
or
body
so
that
your
hand
can
touch
,
pick
up
,
or
take
something
β’
Mia
stood
on
a
chair
to
reach
the
cookie
jar
on
the
top
shelf
.
Mia
stood
on
a
chair
to
reach
the
cookie
jar
on
the
top
shelf
.
β’
The
boy
jumped
but
still
couldn
β
t
reach
the
basketball
hoop
.
The
boy
jumped
but
still
couldn
β
t
reach
the
basketball
hoop
.
Old
English
rΗ£can
β
to
stretch
out
,
extend
.β
verb
-
reach
,
reaches
,
reaching
,
reached
to
arrive
at
a
place
after
travelling
β’
We
finally
reached
the
hotel
just
before
midnight
.
We
finally
reached
the
hotel
just
before
midnight
.
β’
The
hikers
reached
the
mountain
summit
after
six
hours
.
The
hikers
reached
the
mountain
summit
after
six
hours
.
Same
Old
English
root
rΗ£can
,
extended
figuratively
to
arriving
at
a
place
.
verb
-
reach
,
reaches
,
reaching
,
reached
to
achieve
a
particular
level
,
amount
,
or
result
β’
The
temperature
reached
40Β°C
yesterday
.
The
temperature
reached
40Β°C
yesterday
.
β’
Her
video
quickly
reached
one
million
views
.
Her
video
quickly
reached
one
million
views
.
Metaphorical
extension
of
reaching
with
the
hand
to
figuratively
touching
a
target
number
or
level
.
teach
verb
-
teach
,
teaching
,
teaches
,
taught
to
give
knowledge
,
skill
,
or
information
to
someone
so
that
they
can
learn
it
β’
Ms
.
Gomez
teaches
math
to
the
seventh-grade
class
every
morning
.
Ms
.
Gomez
teaches
math
to
the
seventh-grade
class
every
morning
.
β’
My
father
taught
me
how
to
change
a
tire
when
I
was
ten
.
My
father
taught
me
how
to
change
a
tire
when
I
was
ten
.
Old
English
β
tΗ£can
β
meaning
β
to
show
,
point
out
,
instruct
,β
related
to
β
token
β
and
German
β
zeigen
β (
to
show
).
verb
-
teach
,
teaching
,
teaches
,
taught
to
work
as
a
teacher
,
giving
lessons
as
a
job
β’
She
has
taught
at
the
local
university
for
over
twenty
years
.
She
has
taught
at
the
local
university
for
over
twenty
years
.
β’
After
retiring
from
football
,
he
decided
to
teach
full-time
at
a
high
school
.
After
retiring
from
football
,
he
decided
to
teach
full-time
at
a
high
school
.
verb
-
teach
,
teaching
,
teaches
,
taught
to
make
someone
learn
or
realize
something
through
an
experience
,
often
as
a
consequence
or
punishment
β’
Stealing
his
bike
will
teach
him
not
to
leave
it
unlocked
again
.
Stealing
his
bike
will
teach
him
not
to
leave
it
unlocked
again
.
β’
That
icy
road
taught
us
to
drive
slowly
in
winter
.
That
icy
road
taught
us
to
drive
slowly
in
winter
.
catch
verb
-
catch
,
catching
,
catches
,
caught
to
take
hold
of
someone
or
something
that
is
moving
so
it
cannot
get
away
β’
The
goalkeeper
leapt
to
catch
the
ball
before
it
hit
the
net
.
The
goalkeeper
leapt
to
catch
the
ball
before
it
hit
the
net
.
β’
Grandma
used
a
silk
net
to
catch
a
yellow
butterfly
in
the
garden
.
Grandma
used
a
silk
net
to
catch
a
yellow
butterfly
in
the
garden
.
Old
English
*ceacian*
(
seize
)
blended
with
Old
Norse
*kΗ«kkva*
(
grasp
);
later
influenced
by
French
*cachier*
β
chase
β.
verb
-
catch
,
catching
,
catches
,
caught
to
reach
or
be
in
time
for
something
before
it
leaves
or
ends
β’
Run
,
or
we
won't
catch
the
last
bus
home
!
Run
,
or
we
won't
catch
the
last
bus
home
!
β’
I
caught
the
manager
just
before
she
left
the
office
.
I
caught
the
manager
just
before
she
left
the
office
.
verb
-
catch
,
catching
,
catches
,
caught
to
get
an
illness
,
especially
one
that
spreads
easily
β’
If
you
stay
out
in
the
rain
too
long
,
you
could
catch
a
cold
.
If
you
stay
out
in
the
rain
too
long
,
you
could
catch
a
cold
.
β’
Clara
caught
the
flu
from
her
little
brother
.
Clara
caught
the
flu
from
her
little
brother
.
verb
-
catch
,
catching
,
catches
,
caught
to
hear
or
understand
something
that
is
said
β’
Sorry
,
I
didn't
catch
your
name
.
Sorry
,
I
didn't
catch
your
name
.
β’
Could
you
speak
up
?
I
can't
catch
what
you're
saying
.
Could
you
speak
up
?
I
can't
catch
what
you're
saying
.
verb
-
catch
,
catching
,
catches
,
caught
to
attract
and
hold
someone's
attention
or
interest
β’
Bright
colors
quickly
catch
children's
attention
.
Bright
colors
quickly
catch
children's
attention
.
β’
The
headline
caught
my
eye
as
I
walked
past
the
newsstand
.
The
headline
caught
my
eye
as
I
walked
past
the
newsstand
.
approach
verb
-
approach
,
approaching
,
approaches
,
approached
to
move
closer
to
someone
or
something
β’
The
train
approaches
the
station
slowly
.
The
train
approaches
the
station
slowly
.
β’
Don't
be
afraid
when
the
dog
approaches
you
;
it's
friendly
.
Don't
be
afraid
when
the
dog
approaches
you
;
it's
friendly
.
verb
-
approach
,
approaching
,
approaches
,
approached
to
come
nearer
in
time
β’
As
midnight
approached
,
the
party
grew
quieter
.
As
midnight
approached
,
the
party
grew
quieter
.
β’
Exams
are
approaching
,
so
I
need
to
study
.
Exams
are
approaching
,
so
I
need
to
study
.
verb
-
approach
,
approaching
,
approaches
,
approached
to
speak
to
someone
about
something
for
the
first
time
β’
I
approached
my
teacher
for
extra
help
.
I
approached
my
teacher
for
extra
help
.
β’
She
plans
to
approach
her
boss
about
a
raise
.
She
plans
to
approach
her
boss
about
a
raise
.
verb
-
approach
,
approaching
,
approaches
,
approached
to
begin
to
deal
with
a
task
or
problem
in
a
particular
way
β’
How
will
you
approach
this
complex
math
problem
?
How
will
you
approach
this
complex
math
problem
?
β’
We
need
to
approach
the
project
step
by
step
.
We
need
to
approach
the
project
step
by
step
.
machine
noun
a
piece
of
equipment
with
moving
parts
that
uses
power
to
do
a
particular
job
,
often
more
quickly
or
easily
than
a
person
can
β’
The
washing
machine
suddenly
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
spin
cycle
.
The
washing
machine
suddenly
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
spin
cycle
.
β’
At
the
arcade
,
Leo
tried
every
claw
machine
but
couldn
β
t
win
a
prize
.
At
the
arcade
,
Leo
tried
every
claw
machine
but
couldn
β
t
win
a
prize
.
Borrowed
from
French
β
machine
β,
from
Latin
β
machina
β
meaning
β
device
,
engine
,β
originally
from
Ancient
Greek
β
mΔkhanΔ
β.
noun
a
person
or
animal
who
works
very
hard
and
continuously
,
as
if
they
never
get
tired
β’
Clara
is
a
machine
β
she
finished
the
marathon
and
then
went
to
the
gym
.
Clara
is
a
machine
β
she
finished
the
marathon
and
then
went
to
the
gym
.
β’
When
it
comes
to
coding
,
Marcus
is
a
machine
;
he
writes
thousands
of
lines
without
a
break
.
When
it
comes
to
coding
,
Marcus
is
a
machine
;
he
writes
thousands
of
lines
without
a
break
.
noun
a
well-organized
group
that
controls
political
decisions
and
uses
power
to
stay
in
control
,
often
in
a
city
or
party
β’
The
mayor
owed
his
victory
to
the
powerful
city
machine
.
The
mayor
owed
his
victory
to
the
powerful
city
machine
.
β’
Reformers
struggled
to
break
the
party
machine
that
controlled
local
jobs
.
Reformers
struggled
to
break
the
party
machine
that
controlled
local
jobs
.
verb
-
machine
,
machining
,
machines
,
machined
to
cut
,
shape
,
or
finish
something
,
especially
metal
or
wood
,
using
a
machine
such
as
a
lathe
or
mill
β’
The
technician
will
machine
the
steel
block
to
precise
dimensions
.
The
technician
will
machine
the
steel
block
to
precise
dimensions
.
β’
These
gears
were
machined
from
aluminum
for
extra
lightness
.
These
gears
were
machined
from
aluminum
for
extra
lightness
.
march
verb
-
march
,
marches
,
marching
,
marched
to
walk
with
firm
,
regular
steps
,
often
together
with
other
people
and
usually
toward
a
particular
place
or
goal
β’
The
soldiers
marched
across
the
parade
ground
in
perfect
time
.
The
soldiers
marched
across
the
parade
ground
in
perfect
time
.
β’
Thousands
of
students
marched
through
the
city
to
demand
climate
action
.
Thousands
of
students
marched
through
the
city
to
demand
climate
action
.
From
Middle
French
marcher
,
from
Old
French
marchier
,
meaning
β
to
tread
,
trample
.β
touch
verb
-
touch
,
touches
,
touching
,
touched
to
put
your
hand
or
another
part
of
your
body
lightly
on
someone
or
something
β’
At
the
museum
,
a
guard
reminded
visitors
not
to
touch
the
ancient
statue
.
At
the
museum
,
a
guard
reminded
visitors
not
to
touch
the
ancient
statue
.
β’
The
curious
kitten
touched
the
mirror
and
was
surprised
by
its
own
reflection
.
The
curious
kitten
touched
the
mirror
and
was
surprised
by
its
own
reflection
.
From
Old
French
toucher
,
from
Latin
toccare
β
to
knock
,
strike
β.
verb
-
touch
,
touches
,
touching
,
touched
to
cause
someone
to
feel
sympathy
,
sadness
,
or
admiration
β’
The
soldier
β
s
heartfelt
letter
home
deeply
touched
his
family
.
The
soldier
β
s
heartfelt
letter
home
deeply
touched
his
family
.
β’
I
was
touched
by
how
many
people
came
to
help
after
the
storm
.
I
was
touched
by
how
many
people
came
to
help
after
the
storm
.
See
main
verb
sense
for
origin
.
verb
-
touch
,
touches
,
touching
,
touched
to
reach
a
particular
amount
,
level
,
or
point
β’
At
noon
,
the
temperature
touched
40
degrees
Celsius
.
At
noon
,
the
temperature
touched
40
degrees
Celsius
.
β’
The
company's
stock
price
briefly
touched
an
all-time
high
before
falling
back
.
The
company's
stock
price
briefly
touched
an
all-time
high
before
falling
back
.
See
main
verb
sense
for
origin
.
achieve
verb
-
achieve
,
achieving
,
achieves
,
achieved
to
successfully
do
or
obtain
something
after
working
hard
β’
After
months
of
training
,
she
achieved
her
dream
of
running
a
marathon
.
After
months
of
training
,
she
achieved
her
dream
of
running
a
marathon
.
β’
The
underdog
basketball
team
achieved
victory
in
the
final
seconds
of
the
game
.
The
underdog
basketball
team
achieved
victory
in
the
final
seconds
of
the
game
.
Middle
English
β
acheven
β,
from
Old
French
β
achever
β
meaning
β
to
come
to
a
head
,
bring
to
completion
β.
verb
-
achieve
,
achieving
,
achieves
,
achieved
to
reach
a
particular
level
,
amount
,
or
standard
β’
The
new
electric
car
achieves
a
range
of
400
kilometers
on
a
single
charge
.
The
new
electric
car
achieves
a
range
of
400
kilometers
on
a
single
charge
.
β’
Our
school
hopes
to
achieve
a
100%
graduation
rate
this
year
.
Our
school
hopes
to
achieve
a
100%
graduation
rate
this
year
.
Middle
English
β
acheven
β,
from
Old
French
β
achever
β.
The
sense
of
reaching
a
level
developed
in
the
1700s
relating
to
numerical
or
measurable
goals
.
search
verb
-
search
,
searches
,
searching
,
searched
to
look
carefully
for
someone
or
something
that
is
lost
,
hidden
,
or
unknown
β’
The
children
searched
the
beach
for
seashells
until
sunset
.
The
children
searched
the
beach
for
seashells
until
sunset
.
β’
Rescuers
are
searching
the
mountains
for
missing
hikers
.
Rescuers
are
searching
the
mountains
for
missing
hikers
.
Middle
English
β
serchen
β
from
Old
French
β
cerchier
β,
from
Latin
β
circΔre
β
meaning
β
go
about
β
verb
-
search
,
searches
,
searching
,
searched
to
examine
a
person
,
vehicle
,
or
container
to
find
something
hidden
,
illegal
,
or
dangerous
β’
At
the
airport
,
security
officers
searched
every
bag
carefully
.
At
the
airport
,
security
officers
searched
every
bag
carefully
.
β’
Police
searched
the
suspect
β
s
car
for
weapons
.
Police
searched
the
suspect
β
s
car
for
weapons
.
beach
verb
-
beach
,
beaching
,
beaches
,
beached
to
pull
or
drive
a
boat
,
sea
animal
,
or
other
object
onto
the
shore
,
or
to
come
onto
the
shore
and
become
stuck
there
.
β’
To
repair
a
leak
,
the
sailors
decided
to
beach
the
small
boat
on
a
stretch
of
soft
sand
.
To
repair
a
leak
,
the
sailors
decided
to
beach
the
small
boat
on
a
stretch
of
soft
sand
.
β’
At
low
tide
,
the
ferry
accidentally
beached
on
a
hidden
reef
and
could
not
move
.
At
low
tide
,
the
ferry
accidentally
beached
on
a
hidden
reef
and
could
not
move
.
Derived
from
the
noun
"
beach
",
first
recorded
as
a
verb
in
the
early
19th
century
in
seafaring
contexts
.
lunch
verb
-
lunch
,
lunching
,
lunches
,
lunched
to
eat
the
midday
meal
β’
They
lunched
on
sushi
after
the
meeting
.
They
lunched
on
sushi
after
the
meeting
.
β’
We
often
lunch
together
in
the
park
when
the
weather
is
nice
.
We
often
lunch
together
in
the
park
when
the
weather
is
nice
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
noun
β
lunch
,β
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
.
chicken
noun
a
common
farm
bird
kept
for
its
eggs
and
meat
β’
A
chicken
pecked
at
the
corn
in
the
barnyard
.
A
chicken
pecked
at
the
corn
in
the
barnyard
.
β’
We
could
hear
the
chickens
clucking
loudly
at
dawn
.
We
could
hear
the
chickens
clucking
loudly
at
dawn
.
Old
English
β
cicen
β
meaning
a
young
bird
,
later
generalized
to
the
adult
domestic
fowl
.
noun
-
chicken
the
meat
of
a
chicken
,
eaten
as
food
β’
We
had
roast
chicken
for
dinner
last
night
.
We
had
roast
chicken
for
dinner
last
night
.
β’
Would
you
like
chicken
or
beef
in
your
sandwich
?
Would
you
like
chicken
or
beef
in
your
sandwich
?
Sense
extended
from
the
bird
to
its
flesh
for
eating
by
the
14th
century
.
noun
an
informal
word
for
a
person
who
is
easily
frightened
and
not
brave
β’
Don
β
t
be
a
chicken
β
jump
into
the
pool
!
Don
β
t
be
a
chicken
β
jump
into
the
pool
!
β’
My
little
sister
is
such
a
chicken
about
scary
movies
.
My
little
sister
is
such
a
chicken
about
scary
movies
.
From
the
idea
that
a
chicken
bird
is
quick
to
run
away
when
startled
;
figurative
use
recorded
since
the
17th
century
.
adjective
too
scared
or
nervous
to
do
something
difficult
or
risky
β’
I
was
chicken
and
turned
off
the
horror
game
after
five
minutes
.
I
was
chicken
and
turned
off
the
horror
game
after
five
minutes
.
β’
She
felt
chicken
about
asking
for
a
raise
.
She
felt
chicken
about
asking
for
a
raise
.
Adjective
use
grew
out
of
the
noun
sense
β
coward
β
in
early
20th-century
American
English
.
french
verb
-
french
,
frenching
,
frenches
,
frenched
to
trim
meat
away
from
the
end
of
a
bone
or
to
cut
vegetables
into
neat
thin
strips
,
for
a
decorative
presentation
in
cooking
β’
The
chef
frenched
the
lamb
chops
before
roasting
them
.
The
chef
frenched
the
lamb
chops
before
roasting
them
.
β’
He
always
frenches
the
green
beans
so
they
cook
evenly
.
He
always
frenches
the
green
beans
so
they
cook
evenly
.
Early
20th-century
culinary
jargon
,
probably
from
the
idea
of
giving
a
dish
the
stylish
appearance
associated
with
French
cuisine
.
inch
verb
-
inch
,
inching
,
inches
,
inched
to
move
slowly
and
gradually
,
usually
by
very
small
amounts
β’
The
caterpillar
inched
along
the
branch
.
The
caterpillar
inched
along
the
branch
.
β’
She
inched
her
chair
closer
to
the
fire
.
She
inched
her
chair
closer
to
the
fire
.
First
used
as
a
verb
in
the
17th
century
,
derived
from
the
noun
sense
of
a
small
measure
,
implying
movement
by
small
steps
.
chief
noun
the
leader
of
a
tribe
or
traditional
community
β’
The
chief
welcomed
the
visitors
to
the
village
.
The
chief
welcomed
the
visitors
to
the
village
.
β’
After
the
old
chief
passed
away
,
his
daughter
was
chosen
to
lead
.
After
the
old
chief
passed
away
,
his
daughter
was
chosen
to
lead
.
noun
the
person
with
the
highest
rank
in
a
department
,
group
,
or
organization
β’
The
fire
chief
inspected
the
new
station
before
it
opened
.
The
fire
chief
inspected
the
new
station
before
it
opened
.
β’
Our
police
chief
held
a
press
conference
about
the
investigation
.
Our
police
chief
held
a
press
conference
about
the
investigation
.
adjective
most
important
or
main
β’
Our
chief
concern
is
safety
during
the
festival
.
Our
chief
concern
is
safety
during
the
festival
.
β’
Water
is
the
chief
ingredient
in
the
soup
.
Water
is
the
chief
ingredient
in
the
soup
.
noun
used
as
a
friendly
way
to
address
a
man
when
you
do
not
know
his
name
β’
Thanks
,
chief
,
I'll
be
on
my
way
.
Thanks
,
chief
,
I'll
be
on
my
way
.
β’
Morning
,
chief
!
Morning
,
chief
!
launch
verb
-
launch
,
launching
,
launches
,
launched
to
send
a
rocket
,
spacecraft
,
or
missile
up
into
the
air
or
into
space
β’
Crowds
at
the
seaside
observatory
gasped
as
the
agency
launched
its
newest
weather
satellite
into
the
twilight
sky
.
Crowds
at
the
seaside
observatory
gasped
as
the
agency
launched
its
newest
weather
satellite
into
the
twilight
sky
.
β’
In
the
classroom
video
,
scientists
carefully
counted
down
before
launching
a
probe
toward
Mars
.
In
the
classroom
video
,
scientists
carefully
counted
down
before
launching
a
probe
toward
Mars
.
Middle
English
"
launchen
"
meaning
"
to
hurl
"
or
"
to
throw
",
from
Old
French
"
lancier
".
verb
-
launch
,
launching
,
launches
,
launched
to
start
selling
,
showing
,
or
offering
a
new
product
,
service
,
or
publication
to
the
public
β’
The
tech
company
will
launch
its
latest
smartphone
next
Tuesday
.
The
tech
company
will
launch
its
latest
smartphone
next
Tuesday
.
β’
Our
bakery
launched
a
gluten-free
range
to
meet
customer
demand
.
Our
bakery
launched
a
gluten-free
range
to
meet
customer
demand
.
Sense
of
β
bring
to
market
β
dates
from
the
mid-19th
century
,
extending
the
idea
of
β
sending
forth
β.
verb
-
launch
,
launching
,
launches
,
launched
to
begin
or
set
in
motion
an
important
plan
,
campaign
,
or
activity
β’
The
mayor
launched
a
major
clean-up
campaign
to
reduce
plastic
waste
in
the
city
.
The
mayor
launched
a
major
clean-up
campaign
to
reduce
plastic
waste
in
the
city
.
β’
Scientists
recently
launched
a
global
study
on
climate-change
impacts
.
Scientists
recently
launched
a
global
study
on
climate-change
impacts
.
Developed
figuratively
from
the
nautical
sense
of
β
put
a
boat
to
sea
β,
meaning
β
set
something
going
β.
verb
-
launch
,
launching
,
launches
,
launched
to
move
a
boat
from
land
into
the
water
so
that
it
starts
floating
β’
With
a
final
push
the
sailors
launched
the
lifeboat
into
the
choppy
sea
.
With
a
final
push
the
sailors
launched
the
lifeboat
into
the
choppy
sea
.
β’
Visitors
gathered
to
watch
the
shipyard
workers
launch
the
newly
built
fishing
vessel
.
Visitors
gathered
to
watch
the
shipyard
workers
launch
the
newly
built
fishing
vessel
.
Old
French
β
lancier
β
meaning
β
to
throw
β
influenced
the
nautical
sense
in
the
14th
century
.
teaching
noun
-
teaching
the
work
or
activity
of
giving
lessons
and
helping
people
learn
β’
She
loves
teaching
and
spends
hours
preparing
her
lessons
.
She
loves
teaching
and
spends
hours
preparing
her
lessons
.
β’
After
teaching
for
ten
years
,
he
received
an
award
for
inspiring
his
students
.
After
teaching
for
ten
years
,
he
received
an
award
for
inspiring
his
students
.
Derived
from
the
verb
β
teach
β
+
βing
around
the
13th
century
to
describe
the
action
or
profession
of
instructing
.
noun
a
principle
,
belief
,
or
piece
of
advice
that
someone
,
especially
a
religious
or
philosophical
leader
,
gives
to
others
β’
The
Buddha
β
s
teachings
emphasize
kindness
and
mindfulness
.
The
Buddha
β
s
teachings
emphasize
kindness
and
mindfulness
.
β’
We
try
to
live
according
to
our
grandparents
β
teachings
about
honesty
.
We
try
to
live
according
to
our
grandparents
β
teachings
about
honesty
.
From
Middle
English
,
meaning
β
that
which
is
taught
,β
later
broadened
to
include
doctrines
and
principles
,
especially
in
religious
contexts
.
match
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
put
two
or
more
things
together
because
they
are
the
same
,
similar
,
or
look
good
together
β’
Can
you
match
these
socks
for
me
?
Can
you
match
these
socks
for
me
?
β’
The
designer
matched
the
wall
paint
to
the
rug
perfectly
.
The
designer
matched
the
wall
paint
to
the
rug
perfectly
.
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
be
as
good
as
,
strong
as
,
or
the
same
as
someone
or
something
else
β’
No
one
can
match
his
speed
on
the
track
.
No
one
can
match
his
speed
on
the
track
.
β’
The
brightness
of
the
new
bulb
matched
the
old
one
perfectly
.
The
brightness
of
the
new
bulb
matched
the
old
one
perfectly
.
bunch
verb
-
bunch
,
bunching
,
bunches
,
bunched
to
gather
or
form
things
into
a
tight
group
,
or
to
become
gathered
or
wrinkled
in
this
way
β’
She
bunched
the
papers
together
with
a
rubber
band
.
She
bunched
the
papers
together
with
a
rubber
band
.
β’
The
fabric
bunched
at
his
shoulders
when
he
tried
on
the
too-small
shirt
.
The
fabric
bunched
at
his
shoulders
when
he
tried
on
the
too-small
shirt
.
branch
verb
-
branch
,
branching
,
branches
,
branched
to
divide
or
spread
out
from
a
main
part
into
smaller
parts
or
directions
β’
The
path
branches
off
toward
the
lake
.
The
path
branches
off
toward
the
lake
.
β’
Small
veins
branch
from
the
main
artery
inside
the
diagram
.
Small
veins
branch
from
the
main
artery
inside
the
diagram
.
stretch
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
make
something
longer
,
wider
,
or
looser
by
pulling
it
gently
;
or
to
become
longer
or
wider
in
this
way
β’
The
tailor
can
stretch
the
sleeve
so
it
reaches
your
wrist
properly
.
The
tailor
can
stretch
the
sleeve
so
it
reaches
your
wrist
properly
.
β’
Every
morning
,
I
stretch
my
arms
high
above
my
head
before
getting
out
of
bed
.
Every
morning
,
I
stretch
my
arms
high
above
my
head
before
getting
out
of
bed
.
Old
English
streccan
,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
Dutch
strekken
and
German
strecken
,
meaning
β
to
make
straight
β.
noun
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
an
act
of
straightening
or
lengthening
muscles
,
a
continuous
area
,
or
a
period
of
time
β’
She
did
a
quick
stretch
before
her
jog
.
She
did
a
quick
stretch
before
her
jog
.
β’
We
walked
along
a
beautiful
stretch
of
beach
.
We
walked
along
a
beautiful
stretch
of
beach
.
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
continue
over
a
distance
,
area
,
or
period
of
time
β’
The
desert
stretches
for
miles
with
no
sign
of
water
.
The
desert
stretches
for
miles
with
no
sign
of
water
.
β’
A
long
bridge
stretches
across
the
wide
river
.
A
long
bridge
stretches
across
the
wide
river
.
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
make
someone
or
something
use
all
their
strength
,
skill
,
or
resources
;
to
test
limits
β’
The
difficult
riddle
stretched
my
mind
.
The
difficult
riddle
stretched
my
mind
.
β’
Rising
food
prices
stretch
the
family's
budget
to
its
limit
.
Rising
food
prices
stretch
the
family's
budget
to
its
limit
.
adjective
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
(
of
cloth
or
clothing
)
containing
elastic
threads
so
it
can
expand
when
pulled
β’
He
bought
a
pair
of
stretch
jeans
for
extra
comfort
.
He
bought
a
pair
of
stretch
jeans
for
extra
comfort
.
β’
She
prefers
stretch
skirts
when
flying
long
distances
.
She
prefers
stretch
skirts
when
flying
long
distances
.
chip
noun
a
thin
,
crispy
slice
of
potato
that
is
fried
or
baked
until
crunchy
and
eaten
as
a
snack
β’
He
opened
a
bag
of
potato
chips
during
the
movie
.
He
opened
a
bag
of
potato
chips
during
the
movie
.
β’
She
likes
to
dip
her
chips
in
salsa
.
She
likes
to
dip
her
chips
in
salsa
.
Food
sense
arose
in
1850s
America
for
thin
β
chips
β
cut
from
potatoes
.
noun
a
long
,
thick
piece
of
potato
deep-fried
until
soft
inside
and
slightly
crisp
outside
,
often
eaten
with
fish
or
other
food
β’
We
bought
fish
and
chips
from
the
takeaway
.
We
bought
fish
and
chips
from
the
takeaway
.
β’
Would
you
like
ketchup
or
vinegar
on
your
chips
?
Would
you
like
ketchup
or
vinegar
on
your
chips
?
British
use
dates
to
the
1860s
,
from
cutting
potatoes
into
β
chips
β.
noun
a
small
piece
that
has
been
cut
or
broken
off
something
larger
,
usually
hard
,
such
as
wood
,
stone
,
ice
,
or
chocolate
β’
The
carpenter
swept
the
wood
chips
into
a
neat
pile
.
The
carpenter
swept
the
wood
chips
into
a
neat
pile
.
β’
Thin
ice
chips
clinked
in
her
glass
of
lemonade
.
Thin
ice
chips
clinked
in
her
glass
of
lemonade
.
From
Old
English
"
Δipp
"
meaning
a
small
piece
of
wood
,
related
to
Old
Norse
"
kip
" β
stump
β.
noun
a
small
damaged
place
where
a
bit
of
the
surface
of
something
hard
has
broken
off
β’
There
β
s
a
chip
in
the
rim
of
this
cup
.
There
β
s
a
chip
in
the
rim
of
this
cup
.
β’
The
windshield
had
a
tiny
chip
from
a
flying
stone
.
The
windshield
had
a
tiny
chip
from
a
flying
stone
.
verb
-
chip
,
chipping
,
chips
,
chipped
to
break
off
small
pieces
from
something
,
or
to
become
damaged
so
that
small
pieces
come
off
β’
Be
careful
not
to
chip
the
glass
when
you
wash
it
.
Be
careful
not
to
chip
the
glass
when
you
wash
it
.
β’
He
chipped
a
tooth
while
biting
the
hard
candy
.
He
chipped
a
tooth
while
biting
the
hard
candy
.
noun
an
extremely
small
,
flat
piece
of
silicon
that
contains
an
electronic
circuit
and
works
as
the
brain
of
computers
and
other
devices
β’
Every
smartphone
has
a
powerful
chip
inside
it
.
Every
smartphone
has
a
powerful
chip
inside
it
.
β’
The
factory
had
to
slow
production
because
of
a
global
chip
shortage
.
The
factory
had
to
slow
production
because
of
a
global
chip
shortage
.
Shortened
from
β
microchip
,β
first
used
in
the
1960s
with
the
rise
of
integrated
circuits
.
noun
a
small
,
flat
,
round
piece
of
plastic
used
instead
of
money
for
betting
in
casinos
and
some
games
β’
She
slid
a
red
chip
onto
the
roulette
table
.
She
slid
a
red
chip
onto
the
roulette
table
.
β’
He
stacked
his
chips
proudly
after
winning
the
hand
.
He
stacked
his
chips
proudly
after
winning
the
hand
.
From
β
counter
β
or
β
token
β;
gambling
sense
dates
to
the
19th
century
when
small
pieces
of
bone
or
clay
were
used
to
represent
money
.
coach
verb
-
coach
,
coaching
,
coaches
,
coached
to
teach
and
guide
someone
to
improve
their
skills
or
performance
β’
Ms
.
Patel
was
hired
to
coach
the
new
employees
on
customer
service
.
Ms
.
Patel
was
hired
to
coach
the
new
employees
on
customer
service
.
β’
He
loves
to
coach
kids
in
chess
after
school
.
He
loves
to
coach
kids
in
chess
after
school
.
achievement
noun
something
important
that
you
succeed
in
doing
after
working
hard
β’
Winning
the
science
fair
was
a
huge
achievement
for
Maya
.
Winning
the
science
fair
was
a
huge
achievement
for
Maya
.
β’
Climbing
to
the
summit
of
the
mountain
felt
like
the
greatest
achievement
of
his
life
.
Climbing
to
the
summit
of
the
mountain
felt
like
the
greatest
achievement
of
his
life
.
late
Middle
English
:
from
Old
French
achevement
,
from
achiever
β
bring
to
a
head
,
accomplish
β
noun
the
act
or
process
of
successfully
reaching
a
goal
β’
Hard
work
is
essential
for
the
achievement
of
your
goals
.
Hard
work
is
essential
for
the
achievement
of
your
goals
.
β’
Rapid
economic
achievement
cannot
happen
without
investment
in
education
.
Rapid
economic
achievement
cannot
happen
without
investment
in
education
.
noun
a
digital
badge
or
reward
given
when
a
player
completes
a
specific
task
in
a
video
game
β’
I
unlocked
a
rare
achievement
for
finishing
the
level
without
taking
damage
.
I
unlocked
a
rare
achievement
for
finishing
the
level
without
taking
damage
.
β’
Collecting
every
hidden
coin
will
earn
you
a
secret
achievement
.
Collecting
every
hidden
coin
will
earn
you
a
secret
achievement
.
childhood
noun
-
childhood
the
period
of
life
when
a
person
is
a
child
β’
Maria
spent
her
happy
childhood
climbing
trees
in
the
countryside
.
Maria
spent
her
happy
childhood
climbing
trees
in
the
countryside
.
β’
He
has
been
friends
with
Jake
since
childhood
.
He
has
been
friends
with
Jake
since
childhood
.
Old
English
β
cildhΔd
β
from
β
cild
β (
child
)
+
β
-hΔd
β (
state
or
condition
).
noun
-
childhood
the
early
or
first
stage
in
the
growth
or
development
of
something
β’
In
the
childhood
of
aviation
,
planes
were
made
from
wood
and
fabric
.
In
the
childhood
of
aviation
,
planes
were
made
from
wood
and
fabric
.
β’
The
project
is
still
in
its
childhood
and
will
take
years
to
finish
.
The
project
is
still
in
its
childhood
and
will
take
years
to
finish
.
Extension
of
the
literal
β
childhood
β
sense
to
figurative
uses
from
the
17th
century
onward
.
switch
verb
-
switch
,
switching
,
switches
,
switched
to
turn
a
machine
,
light
,
or
device
on
or
off
by
operating
its
switch
β’
Please
switch
the
radio
off
before
the
meeting
starts
.
Please
switch
the
radio
off
before
the
meeting
starts
.
β’
She
switched
on
the
fan
because
it
was
so
hot
.
She
switched
on
the
fan
because
it
was
so
hot
.
verb
-
switch
,
switching
,
switches
,
switched
to
change
or
exchange
one
thing
,
position
,
or
activity
for
another
β’
Let's
switch
seats
so
you
can
see
better
.
Let's
switch
seats
so
you
can
see
better
.
β’
He
switched
his
major
from
history
to
biology
.
He
switched
his
major
from
history
to
biology
.
verb
-
switch
,
switching
,
switches
,
switched
to
hit
or
whip
a
person
or
animal
lightly
with
a
thin
stick
or
switch
β’
The
jockey
switched
the
horse
to
urge
it
forward
.
The
jockey
switched
the
horse
to
urge
it
forward
.
β’
In
the
old
tale
,
the
teacher
switched
the
mischievous
boys
.
In
the
old
tale
,
the
teacher
switched
the
mischievous
boys
.
attach
verb
-
attach
,
attaching
,
attaches
,
attached
to
fasten
or
join
one
thing
to
another
so
that
they
stay
connected
β’
Please
attach
the
label
to
the
suitcase
so
it
doesn
β
t
get
lost
.
Please
attach
the
label
to
the
suitcase
so
it
doesn
β
t
get
lost
.
β’
The
carpenter
attached
the
shelves
to
the
wall
with
sturdy
brackets
.
The
carpenter
attached
the
shelves
to
the
wall
with
sturdy
brackets
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
attacher
,
from
a-
(
to
)
+
tacher
(
fasten
).
verb
-
attach
,
attaching
,
attaches
,
attached
to
add
a
file
or
document
to
an
email
or
other
electronic
message
β’
I
attached
the
photo
to
the
email
before
hitting
send
.
I
attached
the
photo
to
the
email
before
hitting
send
.
β’
Don
β
t
forget
to
attach
your
rΓ©sumΓ©
when
you
apply
online
.
Don
β
t
forget
to
attach
your
rΓ©sumΓ©
when
you
apply
online
.
verb
-
attach
,
attaching
,
attaches
,
attached
to
believe
that
something
is
important
or
has
a
particular
quality
;
to
attribute
β’
Many
cultures
attach
great
importance
to
family
gatherings
.
Many
cultures
attach
great
importance
to
family
gatherings
.
β’
We
attached
little
significance
to
the
rumor
at
first
.
We
attached
little
significance
to
the
rumor
at
first
.
verb
-
attach
,
attaching
,
attaches
,
attached
to
send
someone
to
work
with
a
different
group
or
organization
for
a
period
of
time
β’
She
was
attached
to
the
embassy
in
Madrid
for
two
years
.
She
was
attached
to
the
embassy
in
Madrid
for
two
years
.
β’
Several
engineers
have
been
attached
to
the
project
from
headquarters
.
Several
engineers
have
been
attached
to
the
project
from
headquarters
.
stomach
verb
to
accept
or
tolerate
something
unpleasant
without
becoming
upset
.
β’
I
can't
stomach
his
arrogant
attitude
anymore
.
I
can't
stomach
his
arrogant
attitude
anymore
.
β’
She
could
barely
stomach
the
bitter
medicine
.
She
could
barely
stomach
the
bitter
medicine
.
Verb
sense
developed
in
16th
century
from
noun
,
influenced
by
idea
of
β
swallowing
β
displeasure
.
bench
verb
-
bench
,
benching
,
benches
,
benched
to
remove
a
player
from
a
game
so
they
sit
on
the
bench
and
do
not
continue
playing
β’
The
coach
benched
the
striker
after
he
missed
two
easy
goals
.
The
coach
benched
the
striker
after
he
missed
two
easy
goals
.
β’
If
you
keep
arguing
with
the
referee
,
I
β
ll
have
to
bench
you
.
If
you
keep
arguing
with
the
referee
,
I
β
ll
have
to
bench
you
.
verb
-
bench
,
benching
,
benches
,
benched
to
lift
(
a
specified
amount
of
weight
)
in
the
bench
press
exercise
β’
He
can
bench
120
kilos
after
months
of
training
.
He
can
bench
120
kilos
after
months
of
training
.
β’
I
benched
more
this
week
than
ever
before
.
I
benched
more
this
week
than
ever
before
.
pitch
verb
-
pitch
,
pitching
,
pitches
,
pitched
to
set
up
or
erect
a
tent
or
camp
β’
We
pitched
our
tent
beside
the
lake
before
sunset
.
We
pitched
our
tent
beside
the
lake
before
sunset
.
β’
It
took
only
ten
minutes
to
pitch
the
small
dome
tent
.
It
took
only
ten
minutes
to
pitch
the
small
dome
tent
.
From
the
idea
of
β
driving
in
β
pegs
,
13th-century
usage
.
verb
-
pitch
,
pitching
,
pitches
,
pitched
to
throw
something
,
especially
a
ball
,
forcefully
through
the
air
β’
Evan
pitched
the
ball
across
the
yard
to
his
brother
.
Evan
pitched
the
ball
across
the
yard
to
his
brother
.
β’
She
can
pitch
a
softball
farther
than
anyone
on
the
team
.
She
can
pitch
a
softball
farther
than
anyone
on
the
team
.
Old
English
β
piccean
β β
to
thrust
β,
later
specialized
to
throwing
.
verb
-
pitch
,
pitching
,
pitches
,
pitched
to
present
or
promote
an
idea
,
product
,
or
plan
in
order
to
persuade
someone
β’
The
advertising
team
will
pitch
three
concepts
to
the
client
tomorrow
.
The
advertising
team
will
pitch
three
concepts
to
the
client
tomorrow
.
β’
He
pitched
his
novel
idea
to
several
publishers
before
getting
accepted
.
He
pitched
his
novel
idea
to
several
publishers
before
getting
accepted
.
From
earlier
sense
β
to
set
before
β,
later
β
to
offer
for
sale
β.
sandwich
verb
-
sandwich
,
sandwiching
,
sandwiches
,
sandwiched
To
place
or
squeeze
someone
or
something
tightly
between
two
other
people
or
things
.
β’
The
little
house
was
sandwiched
between
two
skyscrapers
.
The
little
house
was
sandwiched
between
two
skyscrapers
.
β’
She
sandwiched
her
notes
between
the
pages
of
the
textbook
.
She
sandwiched
her
notes
between
the
pages
of
the
textbook
.
Verb
sense
developed
from
the
noun
,
figuratively
extending
the
idea
of
food
between
bread
slices
to
any
object
or
person
trapped
between
two
others
.
couch
verb
-
couch
,
couching
,
couches
,
couched
to
say
or
write
something
using
particular
words
or
style
,
often
to
make
it
sound
more
polite
or
indirect
β’
The
teacher
couched
her
feedback
in
gentle
terms
so
the
student
would
not
feel
embarrassed
.
The
teacher
couched
her
feedback
in
gentle
terms
so
the
student
would
not
feel
embarrassed
.
β’
Please
couch
your
request
politely
,
or
it
may
be
ignored
.
Please
couch
your
request
politely
,
or
it
may
be
ignored
.
Derived
from
the
noun
sense
of
lying
down
;
figuratively
,
words
are
β
laid
down
β
in
a
certain
way
.
patch
verb
-
patch
,
patching
,
patches
,
patched
to
repair
something
by
putting
a
patch
over
a
hole
or
damaged
area
β’
Grandpa
patched
the
roof
with
new
shingles
after
the
storm
.
Grandpa
patched
the
roof
with
new
shingles
after
the
storm
.
β’
She
quickly
patched
a
hole
in
the
tent
with
duct
tape
.
She
quickly
patched
a
hole
in
the
tent
with
duct
tape
.
verb
-
patch
,
patching
,
patches
,
patched
to
update
computer
software
by
applying
a
patch
that
fixes
problems
or
adds
improvements
β’
Remember
to
patch
your
operating
system
against
new
threats
.
Remember
to
patch
your
operating
system
against
new
threats
.
β’
The
engineers
patched
the
software
overnight
to
stop
the
crash
bug
.
The
engineers
patched
the
software
overnight
to
stop
the
crash
bug
.
franchise
noun
an
arrangement
in
which
a
company
sells
someone
the
right
to
use
its
name
,
products
,
and
business
system
in
return
for
a
fee
and
ongoing
payments
β’
Maria
saved
money
for
years
to
buy
a
franchise
of
the
famous
coffee
chain
.
Maria
saved
money
for
years
to
buy
a
franchise
of
the
famous
coffee
chain
.
β’
Owning
a
fast-food
franchise
gave
him
a
proven
business
model
from
day
one
.
Owning
a
fast-food
franchise
gave
him
a
proven
business
model
from
day
one
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
,
meaning
β
freedom
β
or
β
right
β,
originally
referring
to
a
special
privilege
granted
by
a
sovereign
.
noun
a
professional
sports
team
that
has
official
permission
to
operate
in
a
league
and
a
particular
city
or
region
β’
The
basketball
franchise
relocated
from
Seattle
to
Oklahoma
City
.
The
basketball
franchise
relocated
from
Seattle
to
Oklahoma
City
.
β’
He
bought
a
minority
share
in
the
baseball
franchise
.
He
bought
a
minority
share
in
the
baseball
franchise
.
Extended
from
the
business
sense
in
the
early
20th
century
to
describe
professional
sports
teams
authorized
by
a
league
.
noun
a
set
of
related
films
,
books
,
games
,
or
other
media
that
share
the
same
characters
or
world
and
are
marketed
as
a
single
brand
β’
The
superhero
franchise
has
earned
billions
at
the
box
office
.
The
superhero
franchise
has
earned
billions
at
the
box
office
.
β’
The
studio
plans
to
expand
the
fantasy
franchise
with
a
TV
series
.
The
studio
plans
to
expand
the
fantasy
franchise
with
a
TV
series
.
Media
companies
borrowed
the
business
term
in
the
late
20th
century
to
describe
branded
storytelling
properties
that
could
be
licensed
and
expanded
.
verb
-
franchise
,
franchising
,
franchises
,
franchised
to
give
someone
the
official
right
to
sell
a
company
β
s
products
or
services
in
a
particular
area
using
its
name
and
system
β’
The
bakery
decided
to
franchise
its
brand
across
the
country
.
The
bakery
decided
to
franchise
its
brand
across
the
country
.
β’
They
plan
to
franchise
the
restaurant
model
within
two
years
.
They
plan
to
franchise
the
restaurant
model
within
two
years
.
Verb
use
grew
in
the
mid-20th
century
as
companies
formalized
the
practice
of
granting
brand
rights
to
independent
operators
.
noun
-
franchise
the
legal
right
to
vote
in
public
elections
β’
After
the
reform
,
women
finally
gained
the
franchise
in
national
elections
.
After
the
reform
,
women
finally
gained
the
franchise
in
national
elections
.
β’
Some
activists
are
working
hard
to
protect
the
franchise
for
all
citizens
.
Some
activists
are
working
hard
to
protect
the
franchise
for
all
citizens
.
Originally
meaning
β
freedom
β
or
β
privilege
β;
by
the
15th
century
it
referred
to
the
right
of
citizens
to
vote
.
architecture
noun
the
art
and
science
of
planning
,
designing
,
and
constructing
buildings
β’
She
studied
architecture
at
university
to
become
an
urban
designer
.
She
studied
architecture
at
university
to
become
an
urban
designer
.
β’
The
city's
modern
architecture
attracts
tourists
from
around
the
world
.
The
city's
modern
architecture
attracts
tourists
from
around
the
world
.
From
Latin
architectura
,
from
architectus
β
chief
builder
β,
originally
from
Ancient
Greek
arkhitektΕn
.
noun
the
overall
design
and
structure
of
a
computer
system
or
other
complex
system
and
how
its
parts
work
together
β’
The
new
smartphone's
architecture
allows
it
to
run
apps
faster
and
use
less
power
.
The
new
smartphone's
architecture
allows
it
to
run
apps
faster
and
use
less
power
.
β’
Engineers
redesigned
the
network
architecture
to
improve
security
.
Engineers
redesigned
the
network
architecture
to
improve
security
.
Sense
extended
from
building
design
to
computing
in
the
1960s
as
engineers
drew
analogies
between
physical
and
logical
structures
.
ranch
verb
-
ranch
,
ranching
,
ranches
,
ranched
to
work
on
or
manage
a
ranch
,
especially
by
raising
livestock
β’
They
ranch
cattle
in
the
foothills
year-round
.
They
ranch
cattle
in
the
foothills
year-round
.
β’
Her
family
has
ranched
sheep
on
that
land
for
generations
.
Her
family
has
ranched
sheep
on
that
land
for
generations
.
Verbal
use
developed
from
the
noun
β
ranch
β
in
the
late
19th
century
,
meaning
to
engage
in
ranch
work
.
architect
noun
a
professional
who
designs
buildings
and
prepares
plans
,
often
supervising
their
construction
β’
The
city
hired
an
award-winning
architect
to
design
the
new
library
.
The
city
hired
an
award-winning
architect
to
design
the
new
library
.
β’
The
architect
presented
detailed
blueprints
to
the
construction
team
.
The
architect
presented
detailed
blueprints
to
the
construction
team
.
noun
someone
who
creates
and
carefully
plans
an
important
idea
,
system
,
or
event
β’
Nelson
Mandela
is
often
called
the
architect
of
modern
South
Africa
β
s
democracy
.
Nelson
Mandela
is
often
called
the
architect
of
modern
South
Africa
β
s
democracy
.
β’
She
was
the
chief
architect
behind
the
company
β
s
turnaround
strategy
.
She
was
the
chief
architect
behind
the
company
β
s
turnaround
strategy
.
verb
to
design
and
plan
the
structure
of
something
complex
,
such
as
a
building
,
computer
system
,
or
strategy
β’
A
small
team
was
hired
to
architect
the
new
software
platform
.
A
small
team
was
hired
to
architect
the
new
software
platform
.
β’
They
spent
months
architecting
a
flexible
supply-chain
model
.
They
spent
months
architecting
a
flexible
supply-chain
model
.
punch
verb
-
punch
,
punching
,
punches
,
punched
to
hit
someone
or
something
hard
with
your
closed
hand
β’
The
boxer
punched
the
heavy
bag
again
and
again
during
training
.
The
boxer
punched
the
heavy
bag
again
and
again
during
training
.
β’
Tom
felt
bad
after
he
accidentally
punched
the
door
and
left
a
dent
.
Tom
felt
bad
after
he
accidentally
punched
the
door
and
left
a
dent
.
From
Middle
English
punchen
,
from
Old
French
ponchier
β
to
prick
,
pierce
,β
later
β
to
hit
β;
sense
shifted
to
striking
with
the
fist
in
the
17th
century
.
verb
-
punch
,
punching
,
punches
,
punched
to
make
a
hole
in
something
by
pushing
a
small
tool
or
by
pressing
keys
on
a
machine
β’
Please
punch
your
ticket
before
you
get
on
the
train
.
Please
punch
your
ticket
before
you
get
on
the
train
.
β’
The
clerk
punched
the
customer
β
s
details
into
the
computer
.
The
clerk
punched
the
customer
β
s
details
into
the
computer
.
Extension
of
the
noun
sense
β
tool
that
cuts
a
hole
,β
first
recorded
in
the
19th
century
for
ticket
machines
.
witch
verb
-
witch
,
witching
,
witches
,
witched
to
use
magic
or
witchcraft
to
influence
or
harm
someone
or
something
β’
The
sorcerer
witched
the
sword
so
it
could
cut
through
stone
.
The
sorcerer
witched
the
sword
so
it
could
cut
through
stone
.
β’
Some
say
the
widow
witched
the
farm
animals
,
causing
them
to
fall
ill
overnight
.
Some
say
the
widow
witched
the
farm
animals
,
causing
them
to
fall
ill
overnight
.
Verb
use
dates
to
Middle
English
,
originally
meaning
β
to
practice
witchcraft
β;
the
-ed
form
β
bewitched
β
later
became
more
common
.
archive
noun
a
collection
of
historical
documents
,
records
,
or
digital
data
,
or
the
place
where
such
materials
are
kept
for
long-term
preservation
β’
The
city
plans
to
digitize
its
entire
archive
to
make
it
accessible
online
.
The
city
plans
to
digitize
its
entire
archive
to
make
it
accessible
online
.
β’
Researchers
traveled
to
the
national
archive
to
study
letters
from
the
18th
century
.
Researchers
traveled
to
the
national
archive
to
study
letters
from
the
18th
century
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
French
archives
(
plural
),
from
Latin
archΔ«va
,
from
Greek
arkheia
β
public
records
β,
from
arkhΔ
β
government
β.
verb
-
archive
,
archiving
,
archives
,
archived
to
place
documents
,
data
,
or
other
materials
into
long-term
storage
so
they
can
be
preserved
and
consulted
later
β’
After
scanning
the
letters
,
the
librarian
archived
them
in
a
secure
database
.
After
scanning
the
letters
,
the
librarian
archived
them
in
a
secure
database
.
β’
Make
sure
you
archive
old
emails
so
your
inbox
stays
tidy
.
Make
sure
you
archive
old
emails
so
your
inbox
stays
tidy
.
Derived
from
the
noun
sense
;
first
used
as
a
verb
in
the
mid-17th
century
meaning
β
place
in
the
archives
β.
chin
noun
the
part
of
your
face
just
below
your
lower
lip
β’
She
rested
her
chin
on
her
folded
hands
while
she
listened
.
She
rested
her
chin
on
her
folded
hands
while
she
listened
.
β’
The
baby
had
milk
dribbling
down
his
round
chin
as
he
laughed
.
The
baby
had
milk
dribbling
down
his
round
chin
as
he
laughed
.
Old
English
"
cin
" (
jaw
,
chin
),
from
Proto-Germanic
*kinnuz
,
related
to
German
"
Kinn
"
and
Dutch
"
kin
".
verb
-
chin
,
chinning
,
chins
,
chinned
to
pull
your
body
upward
until
your
chin
rises
above
a
bar
,
as
in
a
chin-up
exercise
β’
During
gym
class
,
Max
managed
to
chin
himself
five
times
in
a
row
.
During
gym
class
,
Max
managed
to
chin
himself
five
times
in
a
row
.
β’
The
rock
climber
chinned
over
the
ledge
and
grinned
at
her
friends
below
.
The
rock
climber
chinned
over
the
ledge
and
grinned
at
her
friends
below
.
Early
20th-century
American
English
,
derived
from
the
noun
β
chin
β
because
the
exercise
finishes
when
the
chin
passes
the
bar
.
verb
-
chin
,
chinning
,
chins
,
chinned
(
informal
)
to
hit
someone
on
the
chin
with
your
fist
β’
The
boxer
chinned
his
opponent
with
a
swift
uppercut
.
The
boxer
chinned
his
opponent
with
a
swift
uppercut
.
β’
He
warned
that
he
would
chin
anyone
who
insulted
his
sister
.
He
warned
that
he
would
chin
anyone
who
insulted
his
sister
.
20th-century
British
slang
,
from
the
noun
β
chin
,β
focusing
on
the
target
of
the
blow
.
preach
verb
-
preach
,
preaching
,
preaches
,
preached
to
deliver
a
religious
sermon
or
speak
publicly
about
faith
or
moral
teaching
β’
Every
Sunday
morning
,
the
minister
preaches
to
a
packed
congregation
.
Every
Sunday
morning
,
the
minister
preaches
to
a
packed
congregation
.
β’
The
monk
traveled
from
village
to
village
,
preaching
about
kindness
and
compassion
.
The
monk
traveled
from
village
to
village
,
preaching
about
kindness
and
compassion
.
Middle
English
β
prechen
β,
from
Old
French
β
precher
β,
from
Late
Latin
β
praedicare
β
meaning
β
to
proclaim
β.
verb
-
preach
,
preaching
,
preaches
,
preached
to
give
moral
advice
or
opinions
to
others
,
often
in
a
way
that
seems
annoying
or
superior
β’
My
older
brother
is
always
preaching
to
me
about
saving
money
.
My
older
brother
is
always
preaching
to
me
about
saving
money
.
β’
Stop
preaching
and
let
people
make
their
own
choices
.
Stop
preaching
and
let
people
make
their
own
choices
.
scratch
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
rub
or
cut
skin
or
another
surface
with
your
nails
or
something
sharp
,
often
to
stop
an
itch
or
to
make
a
small
mark
β’
The
cat
scratched
the
sofa
,
leaving
little
tears
in
the
fabric
.
The
cat
scratched
the
sofa
,
leaving
little
tears
in
the
fabric
.
β’
Tom
laughed
as
the
puppy
scratched
his
arm
with
its
tiny
paws
.
Tom
laughed
as
the
puppy
scratched
his
arm
with
its
tiny
paws
.
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
remove
or
cancel
something
by
drawing
a
line
through
it
or
deciding
not
to
do
it
β’
Please
scratch
the
last
sentence
;
it
doesn't
make
sense
.
Please
scratch
the
last
sentence
;
it
doesn't
make
sense
.
β’
They
scratched
his
name
off
the
guest
list
after
he
declined
the
invitation
.
They
scratched
his
name
off
the
guest
list
after
he
declined
the
invitation
.
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
withdraw
from
a
race
,
game
,
or
event
that
you
were
expected
to
take
part
in
β’
The
sprinter
had
to
scratch
from
the
final
because
of
a
pulled
muscle
.
The
sprinter
had
to
scratch
from
the
final
because
of
a
pulled
muscle
.
β’
Our
band
scratched
from
the
festival
when
the
lead
singer
lost
her
voice
.
Our
band
scratched
from
the
festival
when
the
lead
singer
lost
her
voice
.