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Picture Dictionary
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π
size
noun
how
big
or
small
something
is
;
its
overall
measurement
or
magnitude
β’
The
skyscraper
impressed
everyone
with
its
enormous
size
.
The
skyscraper
impressed
everyone
with
its
enormous
size
.
β’
Because
of
the
suitcase's
small
size
,
it
fit
easily
in
the
overhead
compartment
of
the
plane
.
Because
of
the
suitcase's
small
size
,
it
fit
easily
in
the
overhead
compartment
of
the
plane
.
From
Old
French
β
sis
β,
from
Latin
β
situs
β
meaning
β
position
β
or
β
arrangement
β,
later
influenced
by
β
assize
β
in
the
sense
of
measurement
.
noun
a
numbered
or
lettered
label
showing
the
set
of
measurements
made
to
fit
clothing
,
shoes
,
or
other
items
β’
Do
you
know
what
size
shirt
you
wear
?
Do
you
know
what
size
shirt
you
wear
?
β’
I
tried
on
the
shoes
in
a
larger
size
,
but
they
were
still
too
tight
.
I
tried
on
the
shoes
in
a
larger
size
,
but
they
were
still
too
tight
.
Extended
from
the
general
sense
of
measurement
to
the
specific
numbering
system
for
garments
in
the
late
19th
century
as
ready-made
clothing
became
common
.
verb
-
size
,
sizing
,
sizes
,
sized
to
measure
,
classify
,
or
adjust
something
according
to
its
dimensions
β’
The
carpenter
carefully
sized
each
plank
before
cutting
it
.
The
carpenter
carefully
sized
each
plank
before
cutting
it
.
β’
Engineers
must
size
the
pipes
correctly
so
the
system
works
safely
.
Engineers
must
size
the
pipes
correctly
so
the
system
works
safely
.
From
the
noun
β
size
β,
with
the
verb
sense
β
to
arrange
according
to
size
β
recorded
from
the
early
15th
century
.
reality
noun
-
reality
,
realities
,
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
the
true
state
of
things
as
they
actually
exist
,
not
as
they
are
imagined
or
wished
for
β’
After
waking
from
a
vivid
dream
,
Mia
felt
a
jolt
as
she
returned
to
reality
.
After
waking
from
a
vivid
dream
,
Mia
felt
a
jolt
as
she
returned
to
reality
.
β’
The
climbing
team
had
trained
for
months
,
but
the
freezing
wind
on
the
mountain
made
the
reality
of
the
ascent
clear
.
The
climbing
team
had
trained
for
months
,
but
the
freezing
wind
on
the
mountain
made
the
reality
of
the
ascent
clear
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Old
French
β
realite
β,
from
medieval
Latin
β
realitas
β,
from
Latin
β
realis
β
meaning
β
relating
to
things
β.
noun
-
reality
,
realities
,
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
a
real
fact
,
situation
,
or
experience
,
especially
one
of
several
kinds
or
examples
β’
The
book
explores
the
different
realities
faced
by
refugees
around
the
world
.
The
book
explores
the
different
realities
faced
by
refugees
around
the
world
.
β’
Climate
scientists
warn
us
about
the
stark
realities
of
global
warming
.
Climate
scientists
warn
us
about
the
stark
realities
of
global
warming
.
See
Sense
1
etymology
;
the
countable
use
evolved
in
the
17th
century
to
refer
to
specific
factual
situations
.
realize
verb
-
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
to
suddenly
understand
or
become
aware
of
something
β’
Looking
at
the
empty
fridge
,
Carlos
realized
he
had
forgotten
to
shop
for
groceries
.
Looking
at
the
empty
fridge
,
Carlos
realized
he
had
forgotten
to
shop
for
groceries
.
β’
Emma
realized
the
shortcut
was
a
mistake
when
the
path
ended
at
a
tall
fence
.
Emma
realized
the
shortcut
was
a
mistake
when
the
path
ended
at
a
tall
fence
.
Borrowed
from
French
rΓ©aliser
β
make
real
,
understand
β,
from
Latin
realis
β
actual
β
+β
-ize
.
verb
-
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
to
achieve
or
make
a
plan
,
dream
,
or
idea
happen
in
reality
β’
After
years
of
hard
work
,
the
inventor
finally
realized
her
vision
of
a
solar-powered
car
.
After
years
of
hard
work
,
the
inventor
finally
realized
her
vision
of
a
solar-powered
car
.
β’
The
charity
hopes
to
realize
its
goal
of
building
a
new
community
center
by
next
summer
.
The
charity
hopes
to
realize
its
goal
of
building
a
new
community
center
by
next
summer
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
French
rΓ©aliser
β
make
real
β.
verb
-
realize
,
realizing
,
realizes
,
realized
to
obtain
money
from
something
,
especially
by
selling
it
,
or
to
make
a
profit
β’
The
company
realized
$2
million
from
the
sale
of
its
old
factory
.
The
company
realized
$2
million
from
the
sale
of
its
old
factory
.
β’
Investors
realized
a
substantial
profit
when
the
startup
was
bought
by
a
larger
firm
.
Investors
realized
a
substantial
profit
when
the
startup
was
bought
by
a
larger
firm
.
Financial
use
developed
in
the
19th
century
from
the
idea
of
β
making
something
real
or
actual
β
in
monetary
terms
.
recognize
verb
-
recognize
,
recognizing
,
recognizes
,
recognized
to
know
who
or
what
someone
or
something
is
because
you
have
seen
,
heard
,
or
experienced
them
before
β’
I
recognized
my
old
teacher
across
the
crowded
airport
terminal
.
I
recognized
my
old
teacher
across
the
crowded
airport
terminal
.
β’
Do
you
recognize
the
song
that's
playing
on
the
radio
?
Do
you
recognize
the
song
that's
playing
on
the
radio
?
From
Middle
French
reconoistre
,
from
Latin
recognoscere
meaning
β
to
know
again
β.
verb
-
recognize
,
recognizing
,
recognizes
,
recognized
to
accept
that
something
is
true
,
legal
,
or
exists
β’
Many
countries
now
recognize
the
new
government
.
Many
countries
now
recognize
the
new
government
.
β’
The
school
will
not
recognize
that
online
certificate
.
The
school
will
not
recognize
that
online
certificate
.
Same
root
as
the
identifying
sense
,
later
broadened
to
legal
and
abstract
acknowledgment
.
verb
-
recognize
,
recognizing
,
recognizes
,
recognized
to
formally
praise
or
reward
someone
for
their
work
or
success
β’
The
ceremony
will
recognize
outstanding
community
volunteers
.
The
ceremony
will
recognize
outstanding
community
volunteers
.
β’
The
award
recognized
her
years
of
research
.
The
award
recognized
her
years
of
research
.
Sense
developed
in
the
19th
century
from
acknowledging
merit
to
publicly
honoring
it
.
organization
noun
a
group
of
people
who
work
together
in
a
structured
way
for
a
shared
purpose
such
as
a
business
,
charity
,
club
,
or
government
body
.
β’
The
organization
collected
coats
for
families
in
need
during
winter
.
The
organization
collected
coats
for
families
in
need
during
winter
.
β’
He
started
a
new
organization
to
teach
coding
to
teenagers
.
He
started
a
new
organization
to
teach
coding
to
teenagers
.
From
French
organisation
,
from
Medieval
Latin
organizatio
,
from
organizare
β
to
arrange
,
set
in
order
,β
ultimately
from
Ancient
Greek
organon
β
tool
,
instrument
.β
noun
-
organization
the
act
or
process
of
arranging
things
or
people
in
an
orderly
and
effective
way
.
β’
Good
organization
helped
the
team
finish
the
project
early
.
Good
organization
helped
the
team
finish
the
project
early
.
β’
Her
desk
shows
a
lack
of
organization
,
with
papers
everywhere
.
Her
desk
shows
a
lack
of
organization
,
with
papers
everywhere
.
noun
-
organization
the
way
the
parts
of
something
are
arranged
;
the
structure
and
order
that
something
has
.
β’
The
organization
of
the
book
makes
it
easy
to
follow
.
The
organization
of
the
book
makes
it
easy
to
follow
.
β’
Scientists
study
the
cellular
organization
of
plants
under
a
microscope
.
Scientists
study
the
cellular
organization
of
plants
under
a
microscope
.
citizen
noun
a
person
who
legally
belongs
to
a
country
and
enjoys
the
rights
and
carries
the
duties
that
the
country
gives
its
people
β’
After
a
long
process
,
Maria
finally
became
a
proud
citizen
of
Canada
.
After
a
long
process
,
Maria
finally
became
a
proud
citizen
of
Canada
.
β’
Every
citizen
has
the
right
to
vote
once
they
turn
eighteen
.
Every
citizen
has
the
right
to
vote
once
they
turn
eighteen
.
Middle
English
β
citezein
β,
from
Old
French
β
cit
(
e
)
ien
β,
based
on
Latin
β
civitas
β
meaning
β
city
,
state
β.
The
sense
broadened
from
β
town
dweller
β
to
β
member
of
a
nation
β.
noun
a
person
who
lives
in
and
belongs
to
a
particular
town
or
city
β’
The
mayor
invited
every
citizen
to
the
town-hall
meeting
.
The
mayor
invited
every
citizen
to
the
town-hall
meeting
.
β’
Local
citizens
volunteered
to
clean
the
riverbank
over
the
weekend
.
Local
citizens
volunteered
to
clean
the
riverbank
over
the
weekend
.
noun
a
person
who
is
not
a
member
of
the
military
,
police
,
or
other
armed
forces
;
a
civilian
β’
During
the
ceremony
,
the
soldiers
stood
at
attention
while
the
citizens
applauded
.
During
the
ceremony
,
the
soldiers
stood
at
attention
while
the
citizens
applauded
.
β’
In
times
of
war
,
protecting
innocent
citizens
is
a
top
priority
.
In
times
of
war
,
protecting
innocent
citizens
is
a
top
priority
.
crazy
adjective
-
crazy
,
crazier
,
craziest
behaving
in
a
way
that
shows
a
loss
of
normal
judgment
or
control
,
as
if
mentally
ill
β’
Everyone
thought
he
was
crazy
for
climbing
the
icy
mountain
alone
.
Everyone
thought
he
was
crazy
for
climbing
the
icy
mountain
alone
.
β’
The
idea
sounded
crazy
,
but
the
scientist
decided
to
try
it
anyway
.
The
idea
sounded
crazy
,
but
the
scientist
decided
to
try
it
anyway
.
adjective
-
crazy
,
crazier
,
craziest
extremely
enthusiastic
or
very
fond
of
someone
or
something
β’
My
sister
is
crazy
about
old
jazz
records
.
My
sister
is
crazy
about
old
jazz
records
.
β’
The
crowds
went
crazy
over
the
band
β
s
surprise
encore
.
The
crowds
went
crazy
over
the
band
β
s
surprise
encore
.
adjective
-
crazy
,
crazier
,
craziest
wild
,
very
unusual
,
or
out
of
control
β’
We
had
a
crazy
weekend
in
New
York
that
I
β
ll
never
forget
.
We
had
a
crazy
weekend
in
New
York
that
I
β
ll
never
forget
.
β’
The
stock
market
had
a
crazy
day
,
jumping
up
and
down
without
warning
.
The
stock
market
had
a
crazy
day
,
jumping
up
and
down
without
warning
.
adverb
to
a
very
great
degree
;
extremely
β’
This
sauce
is
crazy
hot
!
This
sauce
is
crazy
hot
!
β’
Tickets
sold
out
crazy
fast
.
Tickets
sold
out
crazy
fast
.
noun
-
crazy
,
crazies
a
person
who
seems
mentally
ill
or
behaves
in
a
very
strange
way
β’
Some
people
called
the
neighborhood
inventor
a
crazy
,
but
kids
loved
him
.
Some
people
called
the
neighborhood
inventor
a
crazy
,
but
kids
loved
him
.
β’
The
bar
was
full
of
loud
crazies
after
the
match
.
The
bar
was
full
of
loud
crazies
after
the
match
.
amazing
adjective
very
surprising
and
impressive
in
a
way
that
fills
you
with
wonder
or
admiration
β’
The
view
from
the
mountain
top
was
amazing
.
The
view
from
the
mountain
top
was
amazing
.
β’
Liam
baked
an
amazing
chocolate
cake
for
his
sister's
birthday
.
Liam
baked
an
amazing
chocolate
cake
for
his
sister's
birthday
.
From
amaze
+β
-ing
,
first
used
in
the
late
16th
century
to
describe
something
that
causes
great
wonder
.
verb
-
amaze
,
amazing
,
amazes
,
amazed
present
participle
of
amaze
:
causing
someone
to
feel
great
surprise
or
wonder
β’
The
street
magician
β
s
tricks
were
amazing
the
crowd
gathered
around
him
.
The
street
magician
β
s
tricks
were
amazing
the
crowd
gathered
around
him
.
β’
New
inventions
are
constantly
amazing
scientists
around
the
world
.
New
inventions
are
constantly
amazing
scientists
around
the
world
.
Amaze
comes
from
Middle
English
amasen
,
from
Old
English
Δmasian
β
to
bewilder
β.
The
βing
form
developed
naturally
as
the
present
participle
.
magazine
noun
A
thin
paper
book
that
is
published
regularly
and
contains
articles
,
photographs
,
and
advertisements
for
general
reading
or
on
a
particular
subject
.
β’
I
buy
a
fashion
magazine
every
month
to
see
the
latest
trends
.
I
buy
a
fashion
magazine
every
month
to
see
the
latest
trends
.
β’
The
travel
magazine
had
stunning
photos
of
the
Greek
islands
.
The
travel
magazine
had
stunning
photos
of
the
Greek
islands
.
From
Middle
French
"
magasin
"
meaning
storehouse
,
later
applied
to
a
storehouse
of
printed
information
.
noun
A
television
or
radio
program
made
up
of
a
mix
of
short
news
reports
,
interviews
,
and
feature
items
on
various
topics
.
β’
The
evening
magazine
covered
stories
about
local
heroes
and
new
restaurants
.
The
evening
magazine
covered
stories
about
local
heroes
and
new
restaurants
.
β’
She
appears
weekly
on
a
morning
magazine
to
discuss
health
tips
.
She
appears
weekly
on
a
morning
magazine
to
discuss
health
tips
.
noun
A
detachable
container
in
a
firearm
that
holds
cartridges
and
feeds
them
into
the
chamber
.
β’
The
soldier
reloaded
by
sliding
a
fresh
magazine
into
his
rifle
.
The
soldier
reloaded
by
sliding
a
fresh
magazine
into
his
rifle
.
β’
Make
sure
the
magazine
is
empty
before
cleaning
the
gun
.
Make
sure
the
magazine
is
empty
before
cleaning
the
gun
.
noun
A
building
or
secure
room
where
ammunition
,
gunpowder
,
or
explosives
are
stored
.
β’
The
fort
stored
its
gunpowder
in
a
stone
magazine
to
keep
it
dry
.
The
fort
stored
its
gunpowder
in
a
stone
magazine
to
keep
it
dry
.
β’
An
explosion
in
the
ammunition
magazine
damaged
the
old
warship
.
An
explosion
in
the
ammunition
magazine
damaged
the
old
warship
.
zone
noun
an
area
that
is
separated
from
others
because
it
has
a
particular
purpose
or
characteristic
β’
This
part
of
the
city
is
a
quiet
residential
zone
.
This
part
of
the
city
is
a
quiet
residential
zone
.
β’
Slow
down
,
you're
entering
a
school zone
.
Slow
down
,
you're
entering
a
school zone
.
Borrowed
in
the
Middle
Ages
from
Latin
zona
β
belt
,
girdle
,β
itself
from
Ancient
Greek
zΕnΔ
with
the
same
meaning
,
later
extended
to
describe
any
belt-like
region
of
land
or
sky
.
verb
-
zone
,
zoning
,
zones
,
zoned
to
officially
divide
an
area
of
land
into
sections
that
can
be
used
only
for
particular
purposes
β’
The
city
council
voted
to
zone
the
land
for
industrial
use
.
The
city
council
voted
to
zone
the
land
for
industrial
use
.
β’
If
they
don't
zone
this
area
correctly
,
the
neighborhood
could
become
chaotic
.
If
they
don't
zone
this
area
correctly
,
the
neighborhood
could
become
chaotic
.
Verbal
sense
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
noun
,
as
city
planners
began
to
"
zone
"
land
for
specific
uses
.
organize
verb
-
organize
,
organizing
,
organizes
,
organized
to
arrange
things
or
information
in
a
clear
and
systematic
order
.
β’
After
moving
,
Lisa
had
to
organize
all
her
books
by
genre
on
the
new
shelf
.
After
moving
,
Lisa
had
to
organize
all
her
books
by
genre
on
the
new
shelf
.
β’
The
scientist
organized
her
research
notes
into
labeled
folders
on
her
laptop
.
The
scientist
organized
her
research
notes
into
labeled
folders
on
her
laptop
.
From
Medieval
Latin
organizare
,
based
on
Latin
organum
β
instrument
,
tool
.β
verb
-
organize
,
organizing
,
organizes
,
organized
to
plan
and
coordinate
an
event
or
activity
so
that
all
parts
work
smoothly
.
β’
The
committee
will
organize
a
charity
concert
next
month
.
The
committee
will
organize
a
charity
concert
next
month
.
β’
He
spent
weeks
organizing
his
sister
β
s
surprise
birthday
party
.
He
spent
weeks
organizing
his
sister
β
s
surprise
birthday
party
.
verb
-
organize
,
organizing
,
organizes
,
organized
to
form
or
join
together
into
a
labor
union
or
similar
group
for
collective
action
.
β’
Workers
at
the
factory
decided
to
organize
so
they
could
negotiate
better
pay
.
Workers
at
the
factory
decided
to
organize
so
they
could
negotiate
better
pay
.
β’
She
helped
farm
laborers
organize
for
safer
working
conditions
.
She
helped
farm
laborers
organize
for
safer
working
conditions
.
0
noun
-
0
,
zeros
the
written
or
printed
symbol
β
0
β
that
stands
for
the
number
zero
β’
Please
make
sure
every
0
in
your
homework
is
neat
and
round
.
Please
make
sure
every
0
in
your
homework
is
neat
and
round
.
β’
The
phone
number
begins
with
two
0s
.
The
phone
number
begins
with
two
0s
.
The
round
shape
of
the
symbol
may
come
from
ancient
Indian
Brahmi
numerals
,
later
passed
through
Arabic
mathematics
into
European
use
.
analyze
verb
-
analyze
,
analyzing
,
analyzes
,
analyzed
to
examine
something
carefully
and
in
detail
in
order
to
understand
it
or
explain
it
β’
The
scientist
will
analyze
the
water
samples
for
traces
of
pollution
.
The
scientist
will
analyze
the
water
samples
for
traces
of
pollution
.
β’
Before
writing
her
report
,
Maya
carefully
analyzed
the
survey
results
.
Before
writing
her
report
,
Maya
carefully
analyzed
the
survey
results
.
Back-formation
from
analysis
(
Middle
English
),
ultimately
from
Greek
"
analusis
"
meaning
β
a
breaking
up
.β
emphasize
verb
-
emphasize
,
emphasizing
,
emphasizes
,
emphasized
to
say
or
show
that
something
is
especially
important
so
people
notice
it
β’
The
teacher
emphasized
the
need
to
finish
the
project
on
time
.
The
teacher
emphasized
the
need
to
finish
the
project
on
time
.
β’
During
the
meeting
,
the
manager
emphasized
that
safety
comes
first
.
During
the
meeting
,
the
manager
emphasized
that
safety
comes
first
.
From
Greek
"
emphasis
"
meaning
β
appearance
,
showing
β
via
Latin
β
emphasis
β
+
English
verb
suffix
β
-ize
β.
verb
-
emphasize
,
emphasizing
,
emphasizes
,
emphasized
to
make
something
stand
out
or
look
more
noticeable
β’
She
wore
a
bright
scarf
to
emphasize
her
outfit
.
She
wore
a
bright
scarf
to
emphasize
her
outfit
.
β’
Soft
lighting
can
emphasize
the
texture
of
a
painting
.
Soft
lighting
can
emphasize
the
texture
of
a
painting
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
ultimately
from
Greek
"
emphainΕ
"
meaning
β
to
show
β.
fiction
noun
-
fictionalize
,
fictionalizing
,
fictionalizes
,
fictionalized
books
and
stories
about
events
and
characters
that
are
invented
,
not
real
β’
Ella
loves
reading
historical
fiction
set
in
ancient
Rome
.
Ella
loves
reading
historical
fiction
set
in
ancient
Rome
.
β’
The
library's
fiction
section
was
twice
as
large
as
the
nonfiction
shelves
.
The
library's
fiction
section
was
twice
as
large
as
the
nonfiction
shelves
.
Late
Middle
English
:
from
Latin
fictio
β
the
act
of
fashioning
,
a
feigning
β,
from
fingere
β
form
,
contrive
β.
noun
-
fictionalize
,
fictionalizing
,
fictionalizes
,
fictionalized
something
that
is
invented
or
imagined
and
is
not
true
β’
The
rumor
that
the
school
would
close
was
pure
fiction
.
The
rumor
that
the
school
would
close
was
pure
fiction
.
β’
He
maintained
the
fiction
that
he
was
rich
,
but
everyone
knew
the
truth
.
He
maintained
the
fiction
that
he
was
rich
,
but
everyone
knew
the
truth
.
Late
Middle
English
:
from
Latin
fictio
β
the
act
of
fashioning
,
a
feigning
β,
from
fingere
β
form
,
contrive
β.
dozen
noun
a
group
of
twelve
things
or
people
considered
as
a
single
unit
β’
He
bought
a
dozen
roses
for
his
mother
.
He
bought
a
dozen
roses
for
his
mother
.
β’
The
baker
set
a
fresh
dozen
muffins
on
the
wooden
display
tray
.
The
baker
set
a
fresh
dozen
muffins
on
the
wooden
display
tray
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
"
dozaine
",
from
"
douze
"
meaning
"
twelve
".
determiner
used
before
a
noun
to
mean
exactly
twelve
β’
She
ordered
a
dozen
doughnuts
for
the
office
breakfast
.
She
ordered
a
dozen
doughnuts
for
the
office
breakfast
.
β’
I
packed
a
dozen
cookies
into
the
picnic
basket
.
I
packed
a
dozen
cookies
into
the
picnic
basket
.
noun
a
large
number
of
people
or
things
,
much
more
than
twelve
,
especially
used
in
the
phrase
β
dozens
of
β
β’
Dozens
of
candles
lit
up
the
old
church
during
the
ceremony
.
Dozens of
candles
lit
up
the
old
church
during
the
ceremony
.
β’
Reporters
asked
him
dozens
of
questions
after
the
match
.
Reporters
asked
him
dozens of
questions
after
the
match
.
prize
noun
something
given
to
the
winner
of
a
contest
or
to
someone
who
has
done
very
well
β’
Lena
jumped
up
and
cheered
when
her
science
project
won
first
prize
.
Lena
jumped
up
and
cheered
when
her
science
project
won
first
prize
.
β’
The
marathon
offered
a
cash
prize
to
the
top
runners
.
The
marathon
offered
a
cash
prize
to
the
top
runners
.
From
Middle
French
prise
β
a
taking
,
capture
β
later
β
reward
taken
,β
from
past
participle
of
prendre
β
to
take
.β
noun
something
or
someone
that
is
very
valuable
,
important
,
or
desired
β’
Grandpa's
old
watch
is
a
family
prize
that
everyone
wants
to
keep
safe
.
Grandpa's
old
watch
is
a
family
prize
that
everyone
wants
to
keep
safe
.
β’
The
rare
blue
diamond
was
the
museum's
greatest
prize
.
The
rare
blue
diamond
was
the
museum's
greatest
prize
.
Developed
figuratively
from
the
sense
of
an
award
to
mean
any
object
thought
of
as
a
great
reward
or
treasure
.
verb
-
prize
,
prizing
,
prizes
,
prized
to
value
something
very
highly
β’
Ella
prizes
her
friendship
with
Maya
above
everything
.
Ella
prizes
her
friendship
with
Maya
above
everything
.
β’
The
chef
prizes
fresh
ingredients
for
their
flavor
.
The
chef
prizes
fresh
ingredients
for
their
flavor
.
From
the
noun
sense
of
something
of
value
,
extended
to
the
action
of
valuing
.
verb
-
prize
,
prizing
,
prizes
,
prized
to
force
something
open
or
apart
with
a
tool
or
with
effort
β’
He
carefully
prized
the
lid
off
the
old
paint
can
with
a
screwdriver
.
He
carefully
prized
the
lid
off
the
old
paint
can
with
a
screwdriver
.
β’
The
child
prized
the
stuck
drawer
open
to
find
his
toys
.
The
child
prized
the
stuck
drawer
open
to
find
his
toys
.
Variant
of
β
prise
β
meaning
to
take
or
seize
,
later
specialized
to
forcing
something
open
.
apologize
verb
-
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
to
say
that
you
are
sorry
for
something
wrong
you
have
done
or
for
upsetting
someone
β’
I
apologized
immediately
after
accidentally
stepping
on
her
foot
.
I
apologized
immediately
after
accidentally
stepping
on
her
foot
.
β’
Please
apologize
to
your
teacher
for
being
late
.
Please
apologize
to
your
teacher
for
being
late
.
From
Greek
β
apologeisthai
β
meaning
β
to
give
an
account
or
defense
β;
sense
shifted
in
English
during
the
16thβ17th
centuries
to
expressing
regret
.
verb
-
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
to
give
a
formal
defence
or
justification
of
an
action
,
idea
,
or
person
β’
The
historian
apologized
the
emperor
β
s
harsh
policies
in
his
latest
book
.
The
historian
apologized
the
emperor
β
s
harsh
policies
in
his
latest
book
.
β’
In
parliament
,
he
rose
to
apologize
the
controversial
tax
measures
.
In
parliament
,
he
rose
to
apologize
the
controversial
tax
measures
.
Early
Modern
English
sense
meaning
β
to
make
a
spoken
or
written
defence
,β
from
Greek
β
apologia
β (
a
speech
in
defence
).
This
sense
is
now
rare
.
criticize
verb
-
criticize
,
criticizing
,
criticizes
,
criticized
to
point
out
what
you
think
is
wrong
or
bad
about
someone
or
something
β’
After
the
game
,
the
coach
criticized
the
players
for
not
working
together
.
After
the
game
,
the
coach
criticized
the
players
for
not
working
together
.
β’
Many
people
online
criticize
the
new
phone
for
its
short
battery
life
.
Many
people
online
criticize
the
new
phone
for
its
short
battery
life
.
From
Greek
kritikos
β
able
to
judge
β
via
Latin
criticus
and
French
critiquer
,
plus
the
verb-forming
suffix
-ize
.
verb
-
criticize
,
criticizing
,
criticizes
,
criticized
to
examine
something
carefully
and
give
a
detailed
judgement
of
both
its
good
and
bad
points
,
as
in
a
review
or
academic
discussion
β’
In
her
essay
,
the
student
criticizes
Shakespeare
β
s
use
of
imagery
.
In
her
essay
,
the
student
criticizes
Shakespeare
β
s
use
of
imagery
.
β’
The
art
magazine
criticized
the
exhibition
for
its
lack
of
originality
but
praised
the
lighting
.
The
art
magazine
criticized
the
exhibition
for
its
lack
of
originality
but
praised
the
lighting
.
Same
origin
as
the
general
sense
,
with
the
academic
meaning
developing
in
the
18th
century
alongside
literary
criticism
.
freeze
verb
-
freeze
,
freezing
,
freezes
,
froze
,
frozen
to
become
solid
because
of
very
cold
temperatures
β’
If
the
temperature
drops
below
zero
,
water
will
freeze
.
If
the
temperature
drops
below
zero
,
water
will
freeze
.
β’
The
puddle
on
the
road
froze
overnight
and
became
slippery
.
The
puddle
on
the
road
froze
overnight
and
became
slippery
.
Old
English
β
frΔosan
β (
to
freeze
)
from
Proto-Germanic
*freusanΔ
,
related
to
frost
.
verb
-
freeze
,
freezing
,
freezes
,
froze
,
frozen
to
make
something
very
cold
until
it
becomes
solid
,
or
keep
it
at
a
very
low
temperature
to
preserve
it
β’
I
always
freeze
berries
so
I
can
use
them
in
smoothies
later
.
I
always
freeze
berries
so
I
can
use
them
in
smoothies
later
.
β’
The
chef
decided
to
freeze
the
fish
to
keep
it
fresh
.
The
chef
decided
to
freeze
the
fish
to
keep
it
fresh
.
verb
-
freeze
,
freezing
,
freezes
,
froze
,
frozen
to
suddenly
stop
moving
and
stay
completely
still
,
usually
because
of
fear
or
surprise
β’
When
the
guard
yelled
,
the
thief
froze
in
place
.
When
the
guard
yelled
,
the
thief
froze
in
place
.
β’
The
children
froze
like
statues
during
the
game
of
'Red
Light
,
Green
Light'
.
The
children
froze
like
statues
during
the
game
of
'Red
Light
,
Green
Light'
.
noun
a
period
of
very
cold
weather
when
the
temperature
falls
below
0
Β°C
β’
Farmers
worry
that
an
early
freeze
could
damage
the
crops
.
Farmers
worry
that
an
early
freeze
could
damage
the
crops
.
β’
Tonight
β
s
forecast
warns
of
a
hard
freeze
.
Tonight
β
s
forecast
warns
of
a
hard
freeze
.
verb
-
freeze
,
freezing
,
freezes
,
froze
,
frozen
of
a
computer
or
app
,
to
stop
responding
and
become
unusable
β’
My
laptop
froze
while
I
was
saving
the
document
.
My
laptop
froze
while
I
was
saving
the
document
.
β’
The
game
keeps
freezing
right
before
the
final
level
.
The
game
keeps
freezing
right
before
the
final
level
.
noun
an
official
stopping
of
increases
or
changes
,
especially
in
prices
,
wages
,
or
spending
β’
The
government
announced
a
three-month
freeze
on
electricity
prices
.
The
government
announced
a
three-month
freeze
on
electricity
prices
.
β’
Workers
are
upset
about
the
wage
freeze
.
Workers
are
upset
about
the
wage
freeze
.
scandal
noun
-
scandalize
,
scandalizing
,
scandalizes
,
scandalized
a
shocking
action
or
event
that
breaks
laws
or
moral
rules
and
angers
many
people
when
it
becomes
known
β’
The
minister
resigned
after
the
corruption
scandal
was
revealed
.
The
minister
resigned
after
the
corruption
scandal
was
revealed
.
β’
The
company's
share
price
plummeted
because
of
a
safety
scandal
involving
its
latest
product
.
The
company's
share
price
plummeted
because
of
a
safety
scandal
involving
its
latest
product
.
from
Latin
scandalum
β
cause
for
offense
β,
through
Old
French
escandle
,
Middle
English
skandal
;
originally
meaning
a
trap
or
stumbling
block
to
faith
noun
-
scandalize
,
scandalizing
,
scandalizes
,
scandalized
talk
or
gossip
about
shocking
wrongdoing
,
especially
rumors
that
spread
quickly
β’
She
loves
reading
magazines
full
of
celebrity
scandal
.
She
loves
reading
magazines
full
of
celebrity
scandal
.
β’
The
small
town
buzzed
with
scandal
after
the
mayor
β
s
unexpected
divorce
.
The
small
town
buzzed
with
scandal
after
the
mayor
β
s
unexpected
divorce
.
same
origin
as
Sense
1
;
over
time
also
came
to
mean
the
talk
about
disgraceful
acts
characterize
verb
-
characterize
,
characterizing
,
characterizes
,
characterized
to
describe
the
main
qualities
or
features
of
a
person
,
place
,
or
thing
so
that
others
can
understand
what
it
is
like
β’
The
historian
tried
to
characterize
the
period
as
one
of
rapid
social
change
.
The
historian
tried
to
characterize
the
period
as
one
of
rapid
social
change
.
β’
Many
critics
have
characterized
the
movie
as
a
modern
fairy
tale
.
Many
critics
have
characterized
the
movie
as
a
modern
fairy
tale
.
Mid-17th
century
:
from
French
caractΓ©riser
,
from
caractère
β
character
β.
verb
-
characterize
,
characterizing
,
characterizes
,
characterized
to
be
a
typical
or
noticeable
quality
of
someone
or
something
β’
A
love
of
adventure
characterizes
her
novels
.
A
love
of
adventure
characterizes
her
novels
.
β’
The
coastal
climate
is
characterized
by
heavy
rainfall
and
lush
forests
.
The
coastal
climate
is
characterized
by
heavy
rainfall
and
lush
forests
.
Mid-17th
century
:
from
French
caractΓ©riser
,
from
caractère
β
character
β.
robot
noun
-
robotize
,
robotizing
,
robotizes
,
robotized
A
machine
that
is
controlled
by
a
computer
and
can
do
work
automatically
,
sometimes
looking
or
moving
like
a
human
.
β’
In
the
automobile
plant
,
a
robot
swiftly
paints
each
car
body
the
same
perfect
shade
of
red
.
In
the
automobile
plant
,
a
robot
swiftly
paints
each
car
body
the
same
perfect
shade
of
red
.
β’
At
home
,
a
small
vacuum
robot
glided
under
the
sofa
and
picked
up
crumbs
.
At
home
,
a
small
vacuum
robot
glided
under
the
sofa
and
picked
up
crumbs
.
From
Czech
β
robot
β,
meaning
'forced
labour'
,
coined
by
writer
Karel
Δapek
in
his
1920
play
β
R
.
U
.
R
.β.
noun
-
robotize
,
robotizing
,
robotizes
,
robotized
A
computer
program
that
automatically
performs
repetitive
tasks
on
the
internet
,
such
as
indexing
pages
or
answering
simple
questions
.
β’
A
search
engine
robot
crawls
millions
of
web
pages
every
day
.
A
search
engine
robot
crawls
millions
of
web
pages
every
day
.
β’
The
chat
robot
on
the
company
website
answers
basic
shipping
questions
instantly
.
The
chat
robot
on
the
company
website
answers
basic
shipping
questions
instantly
.
Based
on
the
earlier
sense
of
a
mechanical
robot
;
later
applied
metaphorically
to
software
that
does
automated
work
.
noun
-
robotize
,
robotizing
,
robotizes
,
robotized
A
person
who
acts
or
speaks
in
a
very
mechanical
,
emotionless
way
,
as
if
they
were
a
machine
.
β’
During
the
presentation
,
he
repeated
the
script
like
a
robot
,
without
any
feeling
.
During
the
presentation
,
he
repeated
the
script
like
a
robot
,
without
any
feeling
.
β’
After
weeks
of
overtime
,
she
felt
like
a
tired
robot
just
going
through
the
motions
.
After
weeks
of
overtime
,
she
felt
like
a
tired
robot
just
going
through
the
motions
.
Extended
figurative
use
from
the
mechanical
sense
of
β
robot
β.
jazz
noun
-
jazz
a
style
of
music
that
began
in
the
United
States
that
uses
swing
rhythms
,
improvisation
,
and
instruments
such
as
the
saxophone
,
trumpet
,
and
piano
β’
The
band
started
playing
smooth
jazz
in
the
cozy
cafΓ©
.
The
band
started
playing
smooth
jazz
in
the
cozy
cafΓ©
.
β’
Miles
carefully
practiced
his
jazz
solo
every
afternoon
.
Miles
carefully
practiced
his
jazz
solo
every
afternoon
.
Early
20th-century
American
slang
,
first
used
by
musicians
in
New
Orleans
;
exact
origin
uncertain
,
possibly
from
African-American
Vernacular
English
.
noun
-
jazz
informal
extra
style
,
energy
,
or
fancy
details
that
make
something
more
exciting
β’
The
marketing
team
added
bright
colors
,
catchy
slogans
,
and
all
that
jazz
to
the
campaign
.
The
marketing
team
added
bright
colors
,
catchy
slogans
,
and
all
that
jazz
to
the
campaign
.
β’
The
chef
topped
the
cake
with
edible
glitter
,
fruit
,
and
other
jazz
.
The
chef
topped
the
cake
with
edible
glitter
,
fruit
,
and
other
jazz
.
verb
-
jazz
,
jazzing
,
jazzes
,
jazzed
informal
to
make
something
more
lively
,
colorful
,
or
exciting
β’
They
jazzed
the
bland
logo
with
a
splash
of
neon
green
.
They
jazzed
the
bland
logo
with
a
splash
of
neon
green
.
β’
A
bright
scarf
will
jazz up
your
outfit
.
A
bright
scarf
will
jazz up
your
outfit
.
squeeze
verb
-
squeeze
,
squeezing
,
squeezes
,
squeezed
to
press
something
firmly
with
your
hand
,
fingers
,
or
an
object
,
often
to
change
its
shape
or
force
liquid
or
air
out
β’
She
squeezed
the
orange
to
make
fresh
juice
.
She
squeezed
the
orange
to
make
fresh
juice
.
β’
The
little
boy
squeezed
his
water
pistol
and
sprayed
his
sister
.
The
little
boy
squeezed
his
water
pistol
and
sprayed
his
sister
.
From
Middle
English
β
squesen
β,
probably
a
variant
of
β
queisen
β
meaning
β
to
press
β,
influenced
by
Scandinavian
languages
.
noun
a
firm
pressing
action
with
the
hand
or
fingers
β’
Give
the
lemon
a
quick
squeeze
to
get
the
juice
out
.
Give
the
lemon
a
quick
squeeze
to
get
the
juice
out
.
β’
She
felt
a
comforting
squeeze
on
her
shoulder
.
She
felt
a
comforting
squeeze
on
her
shoulder
.
verb
-
squeeze
,
squeezing
,
squeezes
,
squeezed
to
move
yourself
or
something
into
or
through
a
space
that
is
very
small
or
narrow
β’
The
cat
squeezed
through
the
half-open
window
.
The
cat
squeezed
through
the
half-open
window
.
β’
We
squeezed
into
the
last
two
seats
on
the
crowded
bus
.
We
squeezed
into
the
last
two
seats
on
the
crowded
bus
.
noun
a
quick
,
friendly
or
loving
hug
β’
She
gave
her
grandma
a
big
squeeze
before
leaving
.
She
gave
her
grandma
a
big
squeeze
before
leaving
.
β’
After
the
win
,
the
teammates
shared
a
joyful
squeeze
.
After
the
win
,
the
teammates
shared
a
joyful
squeeze
.
verb
-
squeeze
,
squeezing
,
squeezes
,
squeezed
to
manage
to
get
money
,
information
,
time
,
or
another
resource
from
someone
or
something
by
putting
pressure
on
them
β’
The
landlord
tried
to
squeeze
more
rent
out
of
the
students
.
The
landlord
tried
to
squeeze
more
rent
out
of
the
students
.
β’
The
charity
hopes
to
squeeze
a
few
extra
donations
from
local
businesses
.
The
charity
hopes
to
squeeze
a
few
extra
donations
from
local
businesses
.
noun
someone
you
are
romantically
involved
with
;
boyfriend
or
girlfriend
β’
Is
that
your
new
squeeze
?
Is
that
your
new
squeeze
?
β’
She
brought
her
squeeze
to
the
family
picnic
.
She
brought
her
squeeze
to
the
family
picnic
.
noun
a
situation
in
which
there
is
not
enough
money
,
time
,
space
,
or
another
resource
β’
Small
businesses
are
feeling
the
cash-flow
squeeze
this
year
.
Small
businesses
are
feeling
the
cash-flow
squeeze
this
year
.
β’
There
β
s
a
real
housing
squeeze
in
the
city
.
There
β
s
a
real
housing
squeeze
in
the
city
.
noun
in
finance
,
a
rapid
rise
in
a
stock
β
s
price
forced
by
short
sellers
buying
to
cover
their
positions
(
short
squeeze
)
β’
Traders
were
caught
in
a
massive
short
squeeze
on
Monday
.
Traders
were
caught
in
a
massive
short
squeeze
on
Monday
.
β’
The
squeeze
pushed
the
share
price
up
40
percent
in
one
day
.
The
squeeze
pushed
the
share
price
up
40
percent
in
one
day
.
zero
noun
the
number
0
,
showing
no
amount
β’
When
you
subtract
five
from
five
,
the
answer
is
zero
.
When
you
subtract
five
from
five
,
the
answer
is
zero
.
β’
The
temperature
fell
to
zero
degrees
overnight
.
The
temperature
fell
to
zero
degrees
overnight
.
Borrowed
from
French
zΓ©ro
,
from
Italian
zero
,
from
Medieval
Latin
zephirum
,
from
Arabic
αΉ£ifr
meaning
β
empty
.β
noun
a
score
of
no
points
in
a
game
or
competition
β’
The
final
score
was
three
to
zero
in
favor
of
the
home
team
.
The
final
score
was
three
to
zero
in
favor
of
the
home
team
.
β’
Our
defense
was
so
strong
that
the
opponents
stayed
at
zero
all
game
.
Our
defense
was
so
strong
that
the
opponents
stayed
at
zero
all
game
.
adjective
having
none
;
not
any
β’
There
is
zero
chance
of
rain
today
,
so
let's
have
a
picnic
.
There
is
zero
chance
of
rain
today
,
so
let's
have
a
picnic
.
β’
After
the
sale
,
the
store
had
zero
stock
left
of
the
popular
toy
.
After
the
sale
,
the
store
had
zero
stock
left
of
the
popular
toy
.
verb
to
set
a
measuring
device
so
that
it
reads
0
β’
The
technician
carefully
zeroed
the
scale
before
measuring
the
chemicals
.
The
technician
carefully
zeroed
the
scale
before
measuring
the
chemicals
.
β’
Remember
to
zero
the
trip
odometer
before
you
start
driving
.
Remember
to
zero
the
trip
odometer
before
you
start
driving
.
pizza
noun
a
round
flat
food
made
of
baked
dough
covered
with
tomato
sauce
,
melted
cheese
,
and
often
other
toppings
such
as
meat
or
vegetables
β’
We
ordered
a
large
pizza
for
dinner
.
We
ordered
a
large
pizza
for
dinner
.
β’
My
favorite
pizza
has
mushrooms
and
olives
on
top
.
My
favorite
pizza
has
mushrooms
and
olives
on
top
.
Borrowed
into
English
in
the
early
1800s
from
Italian
β
pizza
,β
which
probably
comes
from
a
Latin
root
meaning
β
flatbread
.β
horizon
noun
the
distant
line
where
the
land
or
sea
appears
to
meet
the
sky
β’
A
boy
stood
on
the
beach
at
sunset
,
staring
at
the
glowing
horizon
.
A
boy
stood
on
the
beach
at
sunset
,
staring
at
the
glowing
horizon
.
β’
From
the
top
of
the
snowy
mountain
,
city
lights
twinkled
just
above
the
dark
horizon
.
From
the
top
of
the
snowy
mountain
,
city
lights
twinkled
just
above
the
dark
horizon
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Old
French
,
based
on
Greek
β
horizΕn
(
kyklos
)β
meaning
β
limiting
(
circle
)β.
noun
the
limit
of
someone
β
s
knowledge
,
experience
,
or
possibilities
β’
Traveling
abroad
really
broadened
Maria
β
s
horizons
.
Traveling
abroad
really
broadened
Maria
β
s
horizons
.
β’
Reading
science
fiction
opened
a
new
horizon
of
ideas
for
the
students
.
Reading
science
fiction
opened
a
new
horizon
of
ideas
for
the
students
.
Derived
from
the
idea
of
the
physical
horizon
as
a
boundary
,
adopted
figuratively
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
a
natural
layer
of
soil
or
rock
that
is
roughly
the
same
all
the
way
through
and
lies
parallel
to
the
ground
β
s
surface
β’
The
geologist
pointed
to
the
dark
horizon
rich
in
clay
in
the
cliff
wall
.
The
geologist
pointed
to
the
dark
horizon
rich
in
clay
in
the
cliff
wall
.
β’
Farmers
test
each
soil
horizon
to
see
which
crops
will
grow
best
.
Farmers
test
each
soil
horizon
to
see
which
crops
will
grow
best
.
In
geology
,
borrowed
in
the
19th
century
to
describe
a
layer
that
forms
a
visible
line
,
similar
to
the
skyβearth
horizon
.
civilization
noun
the
stage
of
human
social
development
in
which
societies
form
cities
,
governments
,
writing
,
and
other
complex
institutions
β’
Archaeologists
agree
that
the
invention
of
writing
marked
a
turning
point
in
human
civilization
.
Archaeologists
agree
that
the
invention
of
writing
marked
a
turning
point
in
human
civilization
.
β’
Access
to
stable
food
supplies
allowed
civilization
to
flourish
along
the
Nile
River
.
Access
to
stable
food
supplies
allowed
civilization
to
flourish
along
the
Nile
River
.
From
Latin
civΔ«lis
(β
civil
β)
+β
βation
,
originally
referring
to
the
process
of
making
a
society
civil
or
orderly
.
noun
a
particular
well-organized
human
society
that
existed
or
exists
at
a
specific
time
and
place
β’
The
Mayan
civilization
built
towering
pyramids
in
the
jungle
.
The
Mayan
civilization
built
towering
pyramids
in
the
jungle
.
β’
Roads
and
aqueducts
were
hallmarks
of
Roman
civilization
.
Roads
and
aqueducts
were
hallmarks
of
Roman
civilization
.
Sense
developed
in
the
18th
century
as
historians
began
comparing
distinct
societies
across
time
.
noun
the
comforts
and
conveniences
of
modern
life
,
especially
when
contrasted
with
remote
or
wild
places
β’
After
hiking
for
five
days
,
they
were
eager
to
return
to
civilization
.
After
hiking
for
five
days
,
they
were
eager
to
return
to
civilization
.
β’
The
cabin
had
no
electricity
,
leaving
us
completely
cut
off
from
civilization
.
The
cabin
had
no
electricity
,
leaving
us
completely
cut
off
from
civilization
.
By
the
late
19th
century
,
campers
and
explorers
began
using
the
word
humorously
to
mean
the
amenities
of
the
city
.
seize
verb
-
seize
,
seizing
,
seizes
,
seized
to
take
hold
of
someone
or
something
suddenly
and
firmly
β’
The
little
girl
seized
her
mother
β
s
hand
as
they
crossed
the
busy
street
.
The
little
girl
seized
her
mother
β
s
hand
as
they
crossed
the
busy
street
.
β’
A
quick-thinking
firefighter
seized
the
ladder
before
it
toppled
.
A
quick-thinking
firefighter
seized
the
ladder
before
it
toppled
.
From
Old
French
β
seisir
β (
to
take
possession
of
)
and
Medieval
Latin
β
sacire
β,
meaning
to
take
or
put
in
possession
.
verb
-
seize
,
seizing
,
seizes
,
seized
to
take
something
such
as
property
,
goods
,
or
control
by
legal
authority
or
by
force
β’
Customs
officers
seized
the
illegal
ivory
hidden
in
the
suitcase
.
Customs
officers
seized
the
illegal
ivory
hidden
in
the
suitcase
.
β’
Rebel
forces
seized
control
of
the
radio
station
at
dawn
.
Rebel
forces
seized
control
of
the
radio
station
at
dawn
.
Extended
sense
of
physical
taking
applied
to
legal
and
military
contexts
from
the
15th
century
.
verb
-
seize
,
seizing
,
seizes
,
seized
(
of
a
machine
or
engine
)
to
stop
moving
because
its
parts
can
no
longer
move
smoothly
together
β’
The
car
engine
seized
halfway
up
the
mountain
road
.
The
car
engine
seized
halfway
up
the
mountain
road
.
β’
If
you
run
the
chainsaw
without
oil
,
the
motor
could
seize
.
If
you
run
the
chainsaw
without
oil
,
the
motor
could
seize
.
Mechanical
sense
developed
in
the
18th
century
,
likening
stuck
parts
to
being
grabbed
tightly
together
.
verb
-
seize
,
seizing
,
seizes
,
seized
(
of
melted
chocolate
or
sugar
)
to
become
thick
,
grainy
,
and
unworkable
suddenly
when
a
tiny
amount
of
moisture
is
introduced
β’
The
chocolate
seized
as
soon
as
a
drop
of
water
fell
into
the
bowl
.
The
chocolate
seized
as
soon
as
a
drop
of
water
fell
into
the
bowl
.
β’
Be
careful
,
or
the
sugar
syrup
will
seize
and
form
crystals
.
Be
careful
,
or
the
sugar
syrup
will
seize
and
form
crystals
.
Culinary
sense
recorded
since
mid-20th
century
,
based
on
the
idea
that
moisture
β
grabs
β
the
sugar
particles
together
.
gaze
verb
-
gaze
,
gazing
,
gazes
,
gazed
to
look
at
someone
or
something
steadily
and
with
full
attention
β’
The
little
girl
gazed
at
the
stars
,
amazed
by
their
brightness
.
The
little
girl
gazed
at
the
stars
,
amazed
by
their
brightness
.
β’
He
gazed
out
of
the
window
,
lost
in
thought
.
He
gazed
out
of
the
window
,
lost
in
thought
.
From
Middle
English
gasen
,
probably
related
to
the
Scandinavian
word
for
"
stare
."
noun
a
steady
,
focused
look
at
someone
or
something
β’
Under
her
grandfather's
gentle
gaze
,
the
baby
smiled
.
Under
her
grandfather's
gentle
gaze
,
the
baby
smiled
.
β’
The
lion
met
the
photographer's
gaze
without
fear
.
The
lion
met
the
photographer's
gaze
without
fear
.
Derived
from
the
verb
"
gaze
,"
first
recorded
as
a
noun
in
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
particular
way
of
seeing
or
interpreting
the
world
,
often
shaped
by
culture
,
gender
,
or
ideology
β’
The
novel
is
written
from
a
colonial
gaze
that
exoticizes
the
local
people
.
The
novel
is
written
from
a
colonial
gaze
that
exoticizes
the
local
people
.
β’
Critics
analyzed
the
film
through
the
male
gaze
,
noting
how
it
portrayed
women
.
Critics
analyzed
the
film
through
the
male
gaze
,
noting
how
it
portrayed
women
.
Extended
figurative
use
arose
in
late
20th-century
critical
theory
,
where
"
gaze
"
refers
to
the
viewer's
cultural
or
ideological
standpoint
.
utilize
verb
-
utilize
,
utilizing
,
utilizes
,
utilized
to
use
something
effectively
for
a
particular
purpose
β’
The
company
plans
to
utilize
solar
energy
to
power
its
factories
.
The
company
plans
to
utilize
solar
energy
to
power
its
factories
.
β’
Students
can
utilize
the
online
library
to
access
scholarly
articles
for
their
research
.
Students
can
utilize
the
online
library
to
access
scholarly
articles
for
their
research
.
Early
19th
century
:
from
French
utiliser
,
from
Italian
utilizzare
,
from
Latin
utilis
β
useful
β.
apology
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
words
that
say
you
are
sorry
for
something
you
did
wrong
or
for
a
problem
you
caused
.
β’
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
β’
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
From
Late
Latin
apologia
β
a
defense
,
justification
,β
later
shifting
in
English
to
the
sense
of
saying
sorry
.
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
formal
spoken
or
written
defense
of
an
idea
,
belief
,
or
action
that
people
criticize
.
β’
Plato
β
s
β
Apology
β
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
Plato
β
s
β
Apology
β
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
β’
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
Sense
follows
the
original
Greek
apologia
β
a
speech
in
defense
.β
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
very
poor
or
inadequate
example
of
something
,
often
used
humorously
.
β’
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
β
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
β
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
β’
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
Developed
by
figurative
use
of
the
main
sense
,
suggesting
something
so
poor
that
it
must
itself
apologize
.
minimize
verb
-
minimize
,
minimizing
,
minimizes
,
minimized
to
make
something
as
small
,
few
,
or
insignificant
as
possible
;
to
reduce
to
the
minimum
β’
The
factory
installed
new
filters
to
minimize
air
pollution
.
The
factory
installed
new
filters
to
minimize
air
pollution
.
β’
She
spoke
softly
to
minimize
the
chance
of
waking
the
baby
.
She
spoke
softly
to
minimize
the
chance
of
waking
the
baby
.
From
Latin
minimus
β
smallest
β
+
βize
.
verb
-
minimize
,
minimizing
,
minimizes
,
minimized
to
make
something
seem
less
important
or
serious
than
it
really
is
;
to
downplay
or
belittle
β’
The
company
tried
to
minimize
the
impact
of
the
data
breach
in
its
press
release
.
The
company
tried
to
minimize
the
impact
of
the
data
breach
in
its
press
release
.
β’
He
tends
to
minimize
his
own
achievements
and
praise
others
instead
.
He
tends
to
minimize
his
own
achievements
and
praise
others
instead
.
Extension
of
the
idea
β
make
smallest
β
to
β
treat
as
small
β.
frozen
adjective
turned
into
ice
or
kept
at
a
very
low
temperature
until
it
becomes
hard
β’
The
pond
was
completely
frozen
after
the
long
winter
night
.
The
pond
was
completely
frozen
after
the
long
winter
night
.
β’
I
bought
a
bag
of
frozen
peas
for
dinner
.
I
bought
a
bag
of
frozen
peas
for
dinner
.
adjective
feeling
extremely
cold
β’
My
fingers
were
frozen
after
waiting
for
the
bus
in
the
snow
.
My
fingers
were
frozen
after
waiting
for
the
bus
in
the
snow
.
β’
He
felt
frozen
and
could
not
stop
shivering
when
the
heater
broke
.
He
felt
frozen
and
could
not
stop
shivering
when
the
heater
broke
.
adjective
unable
to
move
,
speak
,
or
show
emotion
because
of
fear
,
shock
,
or
surprise
β’
She
stood
frozen
when
she
saw
the
snake
on
the
path
.
She
stood
frozen
when
she
saw
the
snake
on
the
path
.
β’
He
was
frozen
with
fear
as
the
roller
coaster
climbed
higher
.
He
was
frozen
with
fear
as
the
roller
coaster
climbed
higher
.
adjective
not
allowed
to
change
,
move
,
or
be
used
,
especially
by
official
rule
β’
The
government
announced
that
gas
prices
would
be
frozen
for
six
months
.
The
government
announced
that
gas
prices
would
be
frozen
for
six
months
.
β’
My
bank
account
was
frozen
while
they
investigated
the
transaction
.
My
bank
account
was
frozen
while
they
investigated
the
transaction
.
adjective
(
of
a
computer
,
screen
,
or
app
)
stopped
working
and
not
responding
to
commands
β’
My
screen
is
frozen
,
so
I
can
β
t
click
anything
.
My
screen
is
frozen
,
so
I
can
β
t
click
anything
.
β’
The
app
became
frozen
in
the
middle
of
the
game
.
The
app
became
frozen
in
the
middle
of
the
game
.
authorize
verb
-
authorize
,
authorizing
,
authorizes
,
authorized
to
give
official
permission
for
something
to
happen
or
be
done
β’
The
city
council
authorized
the
construction
of
a
new
playground
in
the
neighborhood
.
The
city
council
authorized
the
construction
of
a
new
playground
in
the
neighborhood
.
β’
The
bank
has
authorized
the
loan
after
reviewing
all
the
paperwork
.
The
bank
has
authorized
the
loan
after
reviewing
all
the
paperwork
.
From
Middle
French
autoriser
,
from
Medieval
Latin
auctorizare
,
ultimately
from
Latin
auctor
meaning
β
author
,
creator
,
authority
β.
verb
-
authorize
,
authorizing
,
authorizes
,
authorized
to
give
someone
the
legal
power
or
official
right
to
do
something
β’
I
authorized
my
accountant
to
access
all
of
my
financial
records
.
I
authorized
my
accountant
to
access
all
of
my
financial
records
.
β’
Parents
must
authorize
their
children
β
s
participation
in
the
field
trip
.
Parents
must
authorize
their
children
β
s
participation
in
the
field
trip
.
Same
origin
as
other
sense
:
from
Latin
auctor
through
French
autoriser
.
puzzle
noun
a
game
,
toy
,
or
activity
with
pieces
or
clues
that
you
must
fit
together
or
figure
out
to
discover
the
answer
β’
Lena
spread
the
pieces
of
the
new
1
,
000-piece
puzzle
across
the
dining
room
table
.
Lena
spread
the
pieces
of
the
new
1
,
000-piece
puzzle
across
the
dining
room
table
.
β’
Completing
a
crossword
puzzle
every
morning
keeps
my
grandfather's
mind
sharp
.
Completing
a
crossword
puzzle
every
morning
keeps
my
grandfather's
mind
sharp
.
From
late
16th-century
English
"
pusle
"
meaning
"
bewilder
or
confound
,"
later
applied
to
toys
and
games
that
cause
such
a
feeling
.
noun
something
that
is
difficult
to
understand
or
explain
;
a
mystery
β’
Why
the
lights
kept
flickering
remained
a
complete
puzzle
to
the
engineers
.
Why
the
lights
kept
flickering
remained
a
complete
puzzle
to
the
engineers
.
β’
For
centuries
,
the
construction
of
the
pyramids
has
been
a
puzzle
to
historians
.
For
centuries
,
the
construction
of
the
pyramids
has
been
a
puzzle
to
historians
.
Sense
extended
from
the
idea
of
something
that
perplexes
the
mind
to
any
mysterious
problem
.
verb
-
puzzle
,
puzzling
,
puzzles
,
puzzled
to
confuse
or
baffle
someone
by
being
difficult
to
understand
β’
The
complicated
instructions
puzzled
the
tourists
at
the
ticket
machine
.
The
complicated
instructions
puzzled
the
tourists
at
the
ticket
machine
.
β’
Her
unexpected
answer
puzzled
the
teacher
.
Her
unexpected
answer
puzzled
the
teacher
.
Earliest
verb
sense
meaning
β
confuse
β
dates
from
late
1500s
,
possibly
related
to
β
pose
β
a
problem
.
verb
-
puzzle
,
puzzling
,
puzzles
,
puzzled
to
think
carefully
for
a
long
time
while
trying
to
understand
or
solve
something
β’
He
sat
by
the
fire
,
puzzling
over
the
ancient
map
.
He
sat
by
the
fire
,
puzzling
over
the
ancient
map
.
β’
I
spent
the
afternoon
puzzling
about
how
to
fix
the
leak
.
I
spent
the
afternoon
puzzling
about
how
to
fix
the
leak
.
Derived
from
the
transitive
sense
:
one
who
is
puzzled
begins
to
puzzle
over
a
problem
.
citizenship
noun
the
legal
status
of
being
a
recognized
member
of
a
particular
country
,
with
the
rights
and
duties
that
go
with
it
β’
After
living
in
Canada
for
five
years
,
Maria
finally
obtained
citizenship
.
After
living
in
Canada
for
five
years
,
Maria
finally
obtained
citizenship
.
β’
The
baby's
birth
abroad
automatically
gave
him
dual
citizenship
.
The
baby's
birth
abroad
automatically
gave
him
dual
citizenship
.
From
citizen
+β
-ship
;
first
recorded
in
the
17th
century
,
modeled
on
words
like
kingship
.
noun
the
qualities
and
responsible
behaviour
expected
of
a
good
member
of
a
community
or
society
β’
Volunteering
at
the
local
food
bank
is
an
act
of
good
citizenship
.
Volunteering
at
the
local
food
bank
is
an
act
of
good
citizenship
.
β’
The
school
teaches
digital
citizenship
to
help
students
behave
responsibly
online
.
The
school
teaches
digital
citizenship
to
help
students
behave
responsibly
online
.
Sense
of
β
behaviour
of
a
citizen
β
grew
in
the
mid-19th
century
alongside
movements
for
public
education
and
civic
reform
.
specialize
verb
-
specialize
,
specializing
,
specializes
,
specialized
to
focus
your
study
,
work
,
or
activities
on
one
particular
subject
or
skill
β’
After
medical
school
,
Dr
.
Lee
decided
to
specialize
in
pediatrics
.
After
medical
school
,
Dr
.
Lee
decided
to
specialize
in
pediatrics
.
β’
Many
lawyers
specialize
in
environmental
law
to
help
protect
natural
resources
.
Many
lawyers
specialize
in
environmental
law
to
help
protect
natural
resources
.
From
Latin
specialis
β
of
a
kind
,
particular
β
+
βize
.
lazy
adjective
-
lazy
,
lazier
,
laziest
not
wanting
to
work
,
make
an
effort
,
or
be
active
β’
My
lazy
brother
spent
the
whole
Saturday
watching
TV
instead
of
cleaning
his
room
.
My
lazy
brother
spent
the
whole
Saturday
watching
TV
instead
of
cleaning
his
room
.
β’
The
manager
warned
the
staff
that
being
lazy
during
busy
hours
would
not
be
tolerated
.
The
manager
warned
the
staff
that
being
lazy
during
busy
hours
would
not
be
tolerated
.
From
Middle
English
lasye
,
from
Old
Norse
lasleikr
(β
weakness
β),
related
to
β
loose
β.
adjective
-
lazy
,
lazier
,
laziest
moving
slowly
and
gently
,
without
energy
or
speed
β’
We
spent
a
lazy
afternoon
swinging
in
hammocks
by
the
lake
.
We
spent
a
lazy
afternoon
swinging
in
hammocks
by
the
lake
.
β’
A
lazy
river
meandered
through
the
valley
,
shining
under
the
sun
.
A
lazy
river
meandered
through
the
valley
,
shining
under
the
sun
.
adjective
-
lazy
,
lazier
,
laziest
done
only
when
needed
,
especially
to
save
time
or
resources
,
as
in
computer
programming
β’
In
JavaScript
,
lazy
loading
delays
image
downloads
until
the
user
scrolls
near
them
.
In
JavaScript
,
lazy
loading
delays
image
downloads
until
the
user
scrolls
near
them
.
β’
Functional
languages
often
rely
on
lazy
evaluation
to
improve
efficiency
.
Functional
languages
often
rely
on
lazy
evaluation
to
improve
efficiency
.
breeze
noun
a
gentle
and
pleasant
wind
that
blows
softly
β’
A
cool
breeze
drifted
in
through
the
open
window
,
making
the
curtains
flutter
.
A
cool
breeze
drifted
in
through
the
open
window
,
making
the
curtains
flutter
.
β’
We
walked
along
the
beach
,
enjoying
the
salty
breeze
coming
off
the
sea
.
We
walked
along
the
beach
,
enjoying
the
salty
breeze
coming
off
the
sea
.
From
Middle
English
brese
β
cold
wind
β,
probably
from
Old
Spanish
briza
β
cold
northeast
wind
β.
noun
something
that
is
very
easy
to
do
or
achieve
β’
The
math
test
was
a
breeze
for
Maya
because
she
had
studied
hard
.
The
math
test
was
a
breeze
for
Maya
because
she
had
studied
hard
.
β’
After
weeks
of
training
,
running
the
5-kilometer
race
felt
like
a
breeze
.
After
weeks
of
training
,
running
the
5-kilometer
race
felt
like
a
breeze
.
verb
-
breeze
,
breezing
,
breezes
,
breezed
to
move
or
act
in
a
relaxed
,
confident
,
and
easy
way
,
often
quickly
β’
She
breezed
into
the
room
,
smiling
and
full
of
energy
.
She
breezed
into
the
room
,
smiling
and
full
of
energy
.
β’
The
team
breezed
past
the
competition
and
reached
the
finals
.
The
team
breezed
past
the
competition
and
reached
the
finals
.
bizarre
adjective
very
strange
or
unusual
,
especially
in
a
way
that
surprises
or
puzzles
people
β’
A
woman
wore
a
bizarre
hat
shaped
like
a
giant
teacup
to
the
party
.
A
woman
wore
a
bizarre
hat
shaped
like
a
giant
teacup
to
the
party
.
β’
The
museum
displayed
a
bizarre
sculpture
made
entirely
of
spoons
.
The
museum
displayed
a
bizarre
sculpture
made
entirely
of
spoons
.
Borrowed
into
English
in
the
mid-17th
century
from
French
β
bizarre
β (β
strange
,
odd
β),
which
probably
traces
back
to
Basque
β
bizar
β
meaning
β
beard
,β
with
the
sense
shifting
from
β
wild-looking
β
to
β
unusual
.β
sensitivity
noun
-
sensitivity
,
sensitivities
,
sensitize
,
sensitizing
,
sensitizes
,
sensitized
the
quality
of
reacting
quickly
or
strongly
to
physical
things
such
as
light
,
sound
,
temperature
,
or
touch
β’
Some
people
have
extreme
sensitivity
to
bright
light
and
must
wear
sunglasses
indoors
.
Some
people
have
extreme
sensitivity
to
bright
light
and
must
wear
sunglasses
indoors
.
β’
The
new
face
cream
is
designed
for
skin
with
heightened
sensitivity
.
The
new
face
cream
is
designed
for
skin
with
heightened
sensitivity
.
From
sensitive
+β
-ity
,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
18th
century
,
following
the
French
sensibilitΓ©
.
noun
-
sensitivity
,
sensitivities
,
sensitize
,
sensitizing
,
sensitizes
,
sensitized
the
ability
to
notice
and
understand
other
people
β
s
feelings
and
needs
β’
His
sensitivity
toward
his
friend's
grief
was
appreciated
.
His
sensitivity
toward
his
friend's
grief
was
appreciated
.
β’
A
good
teacher
shows
sensitivity
to
different
learning
styles
.
A
good
teacher
shows
sensitivity
to
different
learning
styles
.
noun
-
sensitivity
,
sensitivities
,
sensitize
,
sensitizing
,
sensitizes
,
sensitized
a
tendency
to
be
easily
hurt
or
offended
by
what
other
people
say
or
do
β’
Because
of
her
sensitivity
about
her
accent
,
she
avoided
speaking
in
public
.
Because
of
her
sensitivity
about
her
accent
,
she
avoided
speaking
in
public
.
β’
He
reacted
with
undue
sensitivity
to
a
harmless
joke
.
He
reacted
with
undue
sensitivity
to
a
harmless
joke
.
noun
-
sensitivity
,
sensitivities
,
sensitize
,
sensitizing
,
sensitizes
,
sensitized
the
degree
to
which
a
device
,
test
,
or
system
can
detect
or
respond
to
very
small
changes
or
signals
β’
The
microphone's
high
sensitivity
picks
up
even
the
faintest
whispers
.
The
microphone's
high
sensitivity
picks
up
even
the
faintest
whispers
.
β’
Scientists
improved
the
sensor's
sensitivity
for
more
accurate
readings
.
Scientists
improved
the
sensor's
sensitivity
for
more
accurate
readings
.