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ear
noun
the
part
of
the
body
on
the
side
of
the
head
that
lets
people
and
many
animals
hear
and
keep
their
balance
•
The
puppy
perked
up
its
ear
when
it
heard
its
owner's
whistle
.
The
puppy
perked
up
its
ear
when
it
heard
its
owner's
whistle
.
•
Emma
covered
her
ears
during
the
loud
fireworks
display
.
Emma
covered
her
ears
during
the
loud
fireworks
display
.
Old
English
“
ēare
,”
from
Proto-Germanic
*ausō
,
related
to
Latin
"
auris
."
noun
the
natural
ability
to
notice
,
understand
,
and
appreciate
sounds
such
as
music
,
voices
,
or
the
way
words
are
pronounced
•
Sofia
has
a
good
ear
for
languages
and
can
copy
accents
perfectly
.
Sofia
has
a
good
ear
for
languages
and
can
copy
accents
perfectly
.
•
The
music
teacher
praised
Jake's
ear
after
he
tuned
the
guitar
precisely
.
The
music
teacher
praised
Jake's
ear
after
he
tuned
the
guitar
precisely
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
the
physical
organ
to
the
sense
of
perception
,
first
recorded
in
the
16th
century
.
noun
the
top
part
of
a
cereal
plant
,
such
as
wheat
or
corn
,
that
contains
the
seeds
or
grains
•
The
farmer
inspected
each
ear
of
corn
for
pests
.
The
farmer
inspected
each
ear
of
corn
for
pests
.
•
A
single
golden
ear
of
wheat
swayed
in
the
evening
breeze
.
A
single
golden
ear
of
wheat
swayed
in
the
evening
breeze
.
Old
English
“
ēar
”
referring
to
the
grain-bearing
head
of
cereals
,
related
to
German
“
Ähre
.”
early
adjective
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
happening
,
arriving
,
or
done
before
the
usual
or
expected
time
•
Jacob
caught
the
early
bus
to
work
.
Jacob
caught
the
early
bus
to
work
.
•
An
early
frost
damaged
the
tender
garden
plants
.
An
early
frost
damaged
the
tender
garden
plants
.
Old
English
ǣrlīce
,
from
ǣr
“
soon
,
before
”
+
‑līc
“
-ly
”.
adverb
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
before
the
usual
or
expected
time
;
sooner
than
planned
•
Let
’
s
leave
early
to
beat
the
rush-hour
traffic
.
Let
’
s
leave
early
to
beat
the
rush-hour
traffic
.
•
She
arrived
early
and
helped
set
up
the
chairs
.
She
arrived
early
and
helped
set
up
the
chairs
.
adjective
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
happening
or
done
before
the
usual
or
expected
time
•
She
caught
an
early
train
to
the
city
.
She
caught
an
early
train
to
the
city
.
•
We
had
an
early
dinner
before
the
play
.
We
had
an
early
dinner
before
the
play
.
adverb
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
before
the
usual
or
expected
time
;
sooner
than
planned
•
If
we
leave
early
,
we'll
miss
the
traffic
jams
.
If
we
leave
early
,
we'll
miss
the
traffic
jams
.
•
She
always
wakes
up
early
to
jog
around
the
park
.
She
always
wakes
up
early
to
jog
around
the
park
.
adjective
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
belonging
to
or
occurring
in
the
first
part
of
a
period
,
process
,
or
series
•
Archaeologists
studied
artifacts
from
the
early
Bronze
Age
.
Archaeologists
studied
artifacts
from
the
early
Bronze
Age
.
•
The
company
’
s
profits
doubled
in
the
early
2000s
.
The
company
’
s
profits
doubled
in
the
early
2000s
.
adverb
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
near
the
beginning
of
a
period
,
event
,
or
sequence
•
We
planted
the
seeds
early
in
the
spring
.
We
planted
the
seeds
early
in
the
spring
.
•
He
figured
it
out
early
in
the
experiment
.
He
figured
it
out
early
in
the
experiment
.
adjective
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
at
or
near
the
beginning
of
a
period
,
event
,
or
process
•
The
project
is
still
in
its
early
stages
.
The
project
is
still
in
its
early
stages
.
•
During
the
early
1990s
,
mobile
phones
were
very
large
.
During
the
early
1990s
,
mobile
phones
were
very
large
.
adjective
-
early
,
earlier
,
earliest
belonging
to
a
time
far
in
the
past
;
existing
or
happening
long
ago
•
Archaeologists
discovered
tools
made
by
early
humans
.
Archaeologists
discovered
tools
made
by
early
humans
.
•
The
museum
displays
early
Egyptian
pottery
.
The
museum
displays
early
Egyptian
pottery
.
earth
noun
-
earth
the
brown
soil
that
forms
the
top
layer
of
ground
•
The
dog
dug
a
hole
and
sprayed
loose
earth
everywhere
.
The
dog
dug
a
hole
and
sprayed
loose
earth
everywhere
.
•
She
filled
the
flowerpot
with
rich
black
earth
before
planting
the
seeds
.
She
filled
the
flowerpot
with
rich
black
earth
before
planting
the
seeds
.
Old
English
‘
eorþe
’
meaning
‘
ground
,
soil
,
dry
land
’.
noun
an
electrical
connection
that
carries
unwanted
current
safely
into
the
ground
•
Always
attach
the
green–yellow
wire
to
the
earth
terminal
.
Always
attach
the
green–yellow
wire
to
the
earth
terminal
.
•
A
faulty
earth
can
make
an
appliance
dangerous
.
A
faulty
earth
can
make
an
appliance
dangerous
.
Named
because
the
current
is
directed
literally
into
the
earth
.
verb
to
connect
a
piece
of
electrical
equipment
to
the
ground
for
safety
•
The
engineer
earthed
the
metal
casing
to
prevent
shocks
.
The
engineer
earthed
the
metal
casing
to
prevent
shocks
.
•
You
must
earth
the
washing
machine
according
to
the
instructions
.
You
must
earth
the
washing
machine
according
to
the
instructions
.
Verb
use
developed
from
the
noun
‘
earth
’
in
electrical
sense
around
the
1880s
.
verb
to
cover
the
bottom
part
of
a
plant
with
soil
to
protect
or
support
it
•
In
spring
,
gardeners
earth
their
potatoes
to
protect
the
shoots
from
frost
.
In
spring
,
gardeners
earth
their
potatoes
to
protect
the
shoots
from
frost
.
•
She
carefully
earthed
the
young
saplings
so
the
roots
stayed
moist
.
She
carefully
earthed
the
young
saplings
so
the
roots
stayed
moist
.
Agricultural
sense
recorded
from
the
17th
century
,
from
using
soil
(
earth
)
to
mound
around
crops
.
earn
verb
to
receive
money
for
work
that
you
do
•
She
worked
overtime
to
earn
extra
money
for
her
vacation
.
She
worked
overtime
to
earn
extra
money
for
her
vacation
.
•
Teenagers
often
get
a
part-time
job
to
earn
their
own
spending
money
.
Teenagers
often
get
a
part-time
job
to
earn
their
own
spending
money
.
Old
English
‘
earnian
’,
meaning
‘
to
deserve
or
gain
’,
related
to
Old
High
German
‘
arniōn
’.
verb
to
obtain
something
such
as
respect
,
praise
,
or
the
right
to
do
something
because
of
your
actions
•
It
takes
years
of
honest
service
to
earn
the
trust
of
the
community
.
It
takes
years
of
honest
service
to
earn
the
trust
of
the
community
.
•
The
athlete's
hard
training
helped
her
earn
a
place
on
the
national
team
.
The
athlete's
hard
training
helped
her
earn
a
place
on
the
national
team
.
Same
Old
English
roots
as
the
monetary
sense
,
originally
meaning
‘
to
deserve
’.
verb
to
produce
a
profit
,
income
,
or
interest
•
His
savings
account
earns
interest
every
month
.
His
savings
account
earns
interest
every
month
.
•
Investing
in
government
bonds
can
earn
you
a
steady
return
.
Investing
in
government
bonds
can
earn
you
a
steady
return
.
Extension
of
the
basic
meaning
‘
receive
as
a
result
of
effort
’,
applied
to
money
produced
by
capital
.
earnings
noun
money
that
a
person
receives
for
work
,
services
,
or
investments
•
After
moving
to
the
city
,
Maria's
earnings
increased
by
20%
.
After
moving
to
the
city
,
Maria's
earnings
increased
by
20%
.
•
He
saves
a
part
of
his
weekly
earnings
for
his
daughter's
education
.
He
saves
a
part
of
his
weekly
earnings
for
his
daughter's
education
.
From
the
verb
“
earn
”
+
plural
noun
suffix
“
-ings
”,
recorded
since
the
15th
century
.
noun
the
profit
that
a
business
makes
during
a
particular
period
,
after
costs
are
subtracted
•
The
tech
giant
announced
record
quarterly
earnings
on
Tuesday
.
The
tech
giant
announced
record
quarterly
earnings
on
Tuesday
.
•
Higher
oil
prices
boosted
the
firm's
earnings
last
year
.
Higher
oil
prices
boosted
the
firm's
earnings
last
year
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
;
extended
to
corporate
profits
in
the
late
19th
century
.
year
noun
a
period
of
twelve
months
,
counted
from
January
to
December
,
or
any
continuous
span
of
twelve
months
•
I
want
to
travel
around
the
world
next
year
.
I
want
to
travel
around
the
world
next
year
.
•
It
has
been
a
rainy
year
for
the
farmers
.
It
has
been
a
rainy
year
for
the
farmers
.
Old
English
gēar
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*jērą
,
related
to
Greek
hōra
“
year
,
season
.”
noun
a
unit
for
stating
or
measuring
how
old
someone
or
something
is
•
Maria
is
eight
years
old
and
loves
drawing
.
Maria
is
eight
years
old
and
loves
drawing
.
•
At
21
years
of
age
,
he
started
his
own
business
.
At
21
years
of
age
,
he
started
his
own
business
.
noun
the
period
during
which
a
school
,
college
,
or
university
holds
classes
,
usually
from
late
summer
or
early
autumn
to
the
next
summer
•
The
new
year
at
our
school
starts
in
September
.
The
new
year
at
our
school
starts
in
September
.
•
During
her
final
year
of
university
,
she
wrote
a
thesis
.
During
her
final
year
of
university
,
she
wrote
a
thesis
.
noun
(
usually
in
plural
)
a
very
long
time
•
I
haven't
seen
you
in
years
!
I
haven't
seen
you
in
years
!
•
It
took
years
to
build
the
Great
Wall
.
It
took
years
to
build
the
Great
Wall
.
hear
verb
-
hear
,
hearing
,
hears
,
heard
to
notice
sounds
with
your
ears
•
From
the
quiet
forest
,
Mia
could
hear
birds
singing
at
dawn
.
From
the
quiet
forest
,
Mia
could
hear
birds
singing
at
dawn
.
•
Grandpa
can
’
t
hear
the
doorbell
ring
without
his
hearing
aid
.
Grandpa
can
’
t
hear
the
doorbell
ring
without
his
hearing
aid
.
verb
-
hear
,
hearing
,
hears
,
heard
to
learn
information
because
someone
tells
you
or
you
read
or
see
it
•
I
heard
that
our
history
exam
has
been
canceled
.
I
heard
that
our
history
exam
has
been
canceled
.
•
Have
you
heard
about
the
new
bakery
on
Maple
Street
?
Have
you
heard
about
the
new
bakery
on
Maple
Street
?
verb
-
hear
,
hearing
,
hears
,
heard
to
listen
to
and
consider
something
officially
,
especially
in
a
court
or
meeting
•
Tomorrow
the
judge
will
hear
the
evidence
from
both
sides
.
Tomorrow
the
judge
will
hear
the
evidence
from
both
sides
.
•
The
school
board
heard
parents
’
concerns
during
the
meeting
.
The
school
board
heard
parents
’
concerns
during
the
meeting
.
verb
-
hear
,
hearing
,
hears
,
heard
to
listen
to
and
answer
a
prayer
,
request
,
or
wish
(
often
about
a
deity
or
authority
)
•
She
prayed
that
the
heavens
would
hear
her
plea
for
rain
.
She
prayed
that
the
heavens
would
hear
her
plea
for
rain
.
•
May
the
spirits
hear
our
song
and
protect
the
village
.
May
the
spirits
hear
our
song
and
protect
the
village
.
learn
verb
-
learn
,
learning
,
learns
,
learned
,
learnt
to
gain
knowledge
or
a
new
skill
by
studying
,
practicing
,
or
being
taught
•
I
want
to
learn
how
to
play
the
guitar
.
I
want
to
learn
how
to
play
the
guitar
.
•
Children
learn
new
words
quickly
when
they
hear
bedtime
stories
.
Children
learn
new
words
quickly
when
they
hear
bedtime
stories
.
Old
English
‘
leornian
’
meaning
‘
to
acquire
knowledge
’,
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
‘
leren
’
and
German
‘
lernen
’.
verb
-
learn
,
learning
,
learns
,
learned
,
learnt
to
find
out
or
become
aware
of
something
•
I
just
learned
that
the
train
is
delayed
by
an
hour
.
I
just
learned
that
the
train
is
delayed
by
an
hour
.
•
Did
you
learn
about
the
change
in
schedule
?
Did
you
learn
about
the
change
in
schedule
?
verb
-
learn
,
learning
,
learns
,
learned
,
learnt
(
archaic
,
dialect
)
to
teach
someone
•
My
grandmother
used
to
learn
me
how
to
bake
bread
.
My
grandmother
used
to
learn
me
how
to
bake
bread
.
•
He
promised
to
learn
the
apprentice
a
new
fishing
knot
.
He
promised
to
learn
the
apprentice
a
new
fishing
knot
.
research
noun
-
research
careful
and
organized
study
to
discover
new
facts
or
gain
deeper
knowledge
about
a
subject
•
The
scientist
spent
years
collecting
samples
for
her
research
on
climate
change
.
The
scientist
spent
years
collecting
samples
for
her
research
on
climate
change
.
•
Recent
research
suggests
that
getting
enough
sleep
improves
memory
.
Recent
research
suggests
that
getting
enough
sleep
improves
memory
.
Late
16th
century
,
from
French
"
recherche
"
meaning
"
search
" (
noun
and
verb
).
verb
-
research
,
researching
,
researches
,
researched
to
study
something
in
detail
to
discover
new
information
or
reach
new
conclusions
•
Before
buying
a
car
,
Tom
carefully
researched
different
models
and
prices
online
.
Before
buying
a
car
,
Tom
carefully
researched
different
models
and
prices
online
.
•
The
journalist
is
researching
a
story
about
renewable
energy
.
The
journalist
is
researching
a
story
about
renewable
energy
.
Derived
from
the
noun
form
;
first
used
as
a
verb
in
early
17th
century
.
appear
verb
to
come
into
sight
after
not
being
seen
•
After
the
heavy
rain
stopped
,
a
bright
rainbow
began
to
appear
in
the
sky
.
After
the
heavy
rain
stopped
,
a
bright
rainbow
began
to
appear
in
the
sky
.
•
The
magician
waved
his
wand
,
and
a
dove
suddenly
appeared
from
an
empty
hat
.
The
magician
waved
his
wand
,
and
a
dove
suddenly
appeared
from
an
empty
hat
.
From
Latin
apparēre
meaning
“
to
become
visible
,
to
be
evident
.”
verb
to
seem
or
give
the
impression
of
being
something
•
From
his
smile
,
it
appears
that
he
enjoyed
the
concert
.
From
his
smile
,
it
appears
that
he
enjoyed
the
concert
.
•
The
task
appeared
easy
at
first
,
but
it
was
actually
quite
tricky
.
The
task
appeared
easy
at
first
,
but
it
was
actually
quite
tricky
.
Same
origin
as
other
senses
:
Latin
apparēre
.
verb
to
be
printed
,
shown
,
or
become
available
to
read
or
use
•
Her
article
will
appear
in
tomorrow
’
s
newspaper
.
Her
article
will
appear
in
tomorrow
’
s
newspaper
.
•
A
pop-up
message
appeared
on
the
computer
screen
,
asking
me
to
update
the
software
.
A
pop-up
message
appeared
on
the
computer
screen
,
asking
me
to
update
the
software
.
Use
developed
with
the
rise
of
print
media
and
later
digital
displays
.
verb
to
take
part
in
a
public
performance
or
to
be
present
officially
•
The
famous
actor
will
appear
in
a
new
Broadway
musical
next
month
.
The
famous
actor
will
appear
in
a
new
Broadway
musical
next
month
.
•
The
band
appeared
on
a
late-night
talk
show
to
promote
their
album
.
The
band
appeared
on
a
late-night
talk
show
to
promote
their
album
.
Sense
extended
in
Middle
English
to
public
performances
and
legal
presence
.
heart
noun
the
organ
in
your
chest
that
pumps
blood
around
your
body
•
The
doctor
’
s
stethoscope
let
her
listen
to
the
boy
’
s
heart
beating
quickly
after
the
race
.
The
doctor
’
s
stethoscope
let
her
listen
to
the
boy
’
s
heart
beating
quickly
after
the
race
.
•
Eating
too
much
junk
food
can
be
bad
for
your
heart
.
Eating
too
much
junk
food
can
be
bad
for
your
heart
.
wear
verb
-
wear
,
wearing
,
wears
,
wore
,
worn
to
have
clothes
,
jewellery
,
or
other
items
on
your
body
•
He
wears
a
blue
uniform
to
work
every
day
.
He
wears
a
blue
uniform
to
work
every
day
.
•
Please
wear
your
seat
belt
while
the
car
is
moving
.
Please
wear
your
seat
belt
while
the
car
is
moving
.
Old
English
werian
“
to
clothe
,
put
on
,
carry
”,
related
to
German
tragen
“
to
carry
”.
noun
-
wear
clothing
for
a
particular
purpose
or
occasion
•
She
packed
formal
wear
for
the
wedding
.
She
packed
formal
wear
for
the
wedding
.
•
The
store
sells
children's
swimwear
near
the
entrance
.
The
store
sells
children's
swimwear
near
the
entrance
.
verb
-
wear
,
wearing
,
wears
,
wore
,
worn
to
gradually
become
thin
or
damaged
through
long
use
•
The
gold
letters
on
the
sign
have
begun
to
wear
after
years
of
rain
.
The
gold
letters
on
the
sign
have
begun
to
wear
after
years
of
rain
.
•
These
tires
will
wear
quickly
on
rough
roads
.
These
tires
will
wear
quickly
on
rough
roads
.
noun
-
wear
damage
or
change
caused
by
long
or
hard
use
•
The
book
showed
little
wear
despite
its
age
.
The
book
showed
little
wear
despite
its
age
.
•
Check
the
machine
parts
for
signs
of
wear
.
Check
the
machine
parts
for
signs
of
wear
.
clear
adjective
-
clear
,
clearer
,
clearest
easy
to
understand
,
obvious
,
or
not
confusing
•
Her
explanation
was
so
clear
that
everyone
understood
.
Her
explanation
was
so
clear
that
everyone
understood
.
•
Use
short
,
clear
sentences
in
your
report
.
Use
short
,
clear
sentences
in
your
report
.
From
Middle
English
cler
,
from
Old
French
cler
,
from
Latin
clarus
“
bright
,
distinct
,
clear
.”
adjective
-
clear
,
clearer
,
clearest
easy
to
understand
,
see
,
or
hear
,
and
not
confusing
•
Her
handwriting
is
so
neat
and
clear
that
everyone
can
read
it
.
Her
handwriting
is
so
neat
and
clear
that
everyone
can
read
it
.
•
Please
give
clear
instructions
so
we
don't
get
lost
.
Please
give
clear
instructions
so
we
don't
get
lost
.
adjective
-
clear
,
clearer
,
clearest
transparent
;
able
to
be
seen
through
easily
•
The
lake
water
was
so
clear
that
we
could
see
the
rocks
below
.
The
lake
water
was
so
clear
that
we
could
see
the
rocks
below
.
•
Use
a
clear
glass
bowl
so
everyone
can
see
the
salad
layers
.
Use
a
clear
glass
bowl
so
everyone
can
see
the
salad
layers
.
adjective
-
clear
,
clearer
,
clearest
able
to
be
seen
through
;
transparent
or
not
cloudy
•
The
water
in
the
mountain
stream
was
perfectly
clear
.
The
water
in
the
mountain
stream
was
perfectly
clear
.
•
She
chose
a
vase
made
of
clear
glass
.
She
chose
a
vase
made
of
clear
glass
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
.
verb
to
remove
things
from
a
place
so
that
nothing
is
left
blocking
or
covering
it
•
Could
you
clear
the
dishes
from
the
table
?
Could
you
clear
the
dishes
from
the
table
?
•
Firefighters
worked
to
clear
the
road
of
fallen
branches
.
Firefighters
worked
to
clear
the
road
of
fallen
branches
.
From
Middle
English
cleren
,
from
the
adjective
.
verb
(
of
weather
or
the
sky
)
to
become
free
of
clouds
,
rain
,
or
fog
•
The
storm
lasted
all
night
but
it
cleared
by
morning
.
The
storm
lasted
all
night
but
it
cleared
by
morning
.
•
If
the
fog
clears
,
we
can
see
the
mountains
.
If
the
fog
clears
,
we
can
see
the
mountains
.
Extension
of
the
verb
sense
based
on
the
adjective
.
verb
to
remove
things
or
people
from
a
place
so
it
is
empty
or
tidy
•
After
dinner
,
we
clear
the
table
together
.
After
dinner
,
we
clear
the
table
together
.
•
Please
clear
your
desk
before
the
new
employee
arrives
.
Please
clear
your
desk
before
the
new
employee
arrives
.
adverb
completely
or
entirely
;
far
away
from
something
•
Stand
clear
of
the
doors
,
please
.
Stand
clear
of
the
doors
,
please
.
•
The
cyclist
rode
clear
of
the
traffic
.
The
cyclist
rode
clear
of
the
traffic
.
Adverb
use
from
the
adjective
meaning
“
free
of
obstruction
.”
verb
to
successfully
get
over
or
pass
an
obstacle
,
test
,
or
difficulty
•
The
high
jumper
easily
cleared
the
bar
.
The
high
jumper
easily
cleared
the
bar
.
•
She
studied
hard
and
cleared
the
math
exam
on
her
first
try
.
She
studied
hard
and
cleared
the
math
exam
on
her
first
try
.
near
preposition
at
or
within
a
short
distance
from
someone
or
something
•
There
is
a
bus
stop
just
near
the
school
gate
.
There
is
a
bus
stop
just
near
the
school
gate
.
•
We
sat
on
a
bench
near
the
river
and
watched
the
ducks
.
We
sat
on
a
bench
near
the
river
and
watched
the
ducks
.
Old
English
nēar
,
comparative
of
nēah
“
nigh
,
close
,”
related
to
German
nah
and
Dutch
naar
.
adverb
-
near
,
nearer
,
nearest
close
to
someone
or
something
;
not
far
away
;
almost
•
The
baby
started
crying
when
the
dog
came
too
near
.
The
baby
started
crying
when
the
dog
came
too
near
.
•
It
’
s
getting
near
midnight
,
so
we
should
head
home
.
It
’
s
getting
near
midnight
,
so
we
should
head
home
.
adjective
-
near
,
nearer
,
nearest
close
in
distance
or
time
•
Our
hotel
is
the
near
building
with
the
blue
roof
.
Our
hotel
is
the
near
building
with
the
blue
roof
.
•
The
deadline
is
getting
near
,
so
we
must
finish
the
project
.
The
deadline
is
getting
near
,
so
we
must
finish
the
project
.
verb
-
near
,
nearing
,
nears
,
neared
to
move
or
come
close
to
something
•
The
train
neared
the
station
as
passengers
stood
ready
.
The
train
neared
the
station
as
passengers
stood
ready
.
•
As
winter
nears
,
temperatures
drop
sharply
.
As
winter
nears
,
temperatures
drop
sharply
.
clearly
adverb
in
a
way
that
is
easy
to
see
,
hear
,
or
understand
•
Please
speak
clearly
so
everyone
at
the
back
can
hear
you
.
Please
speak
clearly
so
everyone
at
the
back
can
hear
you
.
•
Through
the
freshly
washed
window
,
we
could
see
the
snow-capped
mountains
clearly
.
Through
the
freshly
washed
window
,
we
could
see
the
snow-capped
mountains
clearly
.
adverb
without
doubt
;
obviously
•
Clearly
,
we
need
more
time
to
finish
the
project
.
Clearly
,
we
need
more
time
to
finish
the
project
.
•
He
is
clearly
not
interested
in
the
proposal
.
He
is
clearly
not
interested
in
the
proposal
.
nearly
adverb
almost
but
not
completely
or
not
quite
•
I
nearly
fell
off
my
bike
when
a
dog
darted
across
the
road
.
I
nearly
fell
off
my
bike
when
a
dog
darted
across
the
road
.
•
They
nearly
forgot
their
passports
before
leaving
for
the
airport
.
They
nearly
forgot
their
passports
before
leaving
for
the
airport
.
from
Middle
English
"
nerely
",
a
blend
of
"
nere
" (
near
)
+
"
-ly
"
adverb
used
before
numbers
or
amounts
to
mean
approximately
•
The
mountain
is
nearly
3
,
000
meters
high
.
The
mountain
is
nearly
3
,
000
meters
high
.
•
It
took
nearly
two
hours
to
finish
the
puzzle
.
It
took
nearly
two
hours
to
finish
the
puzzle
.
same
origin
as
other
sense
:
from
Middle
English
"
nerely
",
blend
of
"
nere
" (
near
)
+
adverbial
suffix
"
-ly
"
Earth
noun
-
Earth
the
planet
we
live
on
,
the
third
planet
from
the
Sun
•
Astronauts
can
see
the
blue
oceans
of
Earth
from
space
.
Astronauts
can
see
the
blue
oceans
of
Earth
from
space
.
•
Climate
change
affects
every
person
on
Earth
.
Climate
change
affects
every
person
on
Earth
.
Same
root
as
soil
sense
;
capitalized
to
name
the
planet
since
the
14th
century
.
fear
noun
the
unpleasant
feeling
you
have
when
you
think
something
bad
or
dangerous
might
happen
•
A
loud
crash
in
the
middle
of
the
night
filled
the
children
with
fear
.
A
loud
crash
in
the
middle
of
the
night
filled
the
children
with
fear
.
•
He
faced
his
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
the
tall
ladder
.
He
faced
his
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
the
tall
ladder
.
Old
English
“
fǣr
”
meaning
sudden
danger
or
calamity
,
later
shifting
to
the
feeling
caused
by
danger
.
noun
a
strong
,
unpleasant
feeling
that
something
bad
,
painful
,
or
dangerous
might
happen
•
The
little
boy
hid
behind
his
mother
in
fear
when
the
large
dog
barked
.
The
little
boy
hid
behind
his
mother
in
fear
when
the
large
dog
barked
.
•
She
overcame
her
lifelong
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
to
the
top
of
the
rock
wall
.
She
overcame
her
lifelong
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
to
the
top
of
the
rock
wall
.
Old
English
“
fǣr
”
meaning
“
danger
,
sudden
calamity
,”
later
evolving
to
mean
the
emotion
caused
by
danger
.
verb
-
fear
,
fearing
,
fears
,
feared
to
feel
afraid
that
something
bad
may
happen
•
Many
people
fear
flying
in
airplanes
.
Many
people
fear
flying
in
airplanes
.
•
I
fear
that
we
are
lost
in
these
woods
.
I
fear
that
we
are
lost
in
these
woods
.
Developed
from
the
noun
sense
in
Old
English
;
verb
use
recorded
from
the
12th
century
.
verb
to
be
afraid
of
someone
or
something
,
or
to
worry
that
something
bad
might
happen
•
Many
people
fear
spiders
even
though
most
species
are
harmless
to
humans
.
Many
people
fear
spiders
even
though
most
species
are
harmless
to
humans
.
•
I
fear
that
we
will
miss
the
train
if
we
don
’
t
hurry
to
the
station
.
I
fear
that
we
will
miss
the
train
if
we
don
’
t
hurry
to
the
station
.
From
Old
English
“
fǣran
”
meaning
“
frighten
,”
later
used
reflexively
to
mean
“
be
afraid
.”
noun
-
fear
a
feeling
of
deep
respect
and
awe
toward
someone
or
something
powerful
•
They
spoke
of
the
ancient
king
with
fear
and
admiration
.
They
spoke
of
the
ancient
king
with
fear
and
admiration
.
•
The
villagers
approached
the
sacred
mountain
in
fear
,
believing
gods
lived
there
.
The
villagers
approached
the
sacred
mountain
in
fear
,
believing
gods
lived
there
.
In
earlier
English
, “
fear
”
also
carried
the
sense
of
reverent
awe
,
especially
toward
God
or
a
sovereign
.
born
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
,
born
used
as
the
past
participle
of
“
bear
”
with
the
verb
“
be
”
to
show
when
,
where
,
or
in
what
circumstances
someone
or
something
first
came
into
life
•
She
was
born
in
Chicago
in
2010
.
She
was
born
in
Chicago
in
2010
.
•
The
twins
were
born
only
five
minutes
apart
.
The
twins
were
born
only
five
minutes
apart
.
Old
English
“
boren
”,
past
participle
of
“
beran
” (
to
bear
,
carry
,
give
birth
).
In
the
specific
sense
of
childbirth
, “
born
”
gradually
replaced
earlier
“
borne
”
from
the
17th
century
onward
.
learning
noun
-
learning
knowledge
and
skills
gained
through
study
or
experience
•
Her
love
of
learning
led
her
to
read
a
new
book
every
week
.
Her
love
of
learning
led
her
to
read
a
new
book
every
week
.
•
The
school
encourages
project-based
learning
to
keep
students
engaged
.
The
school
encourages
project-based
learning
to
keep
students
engaged
.
Old
English
leornung
,
from
leornian
(“
to
learn
”)
+
-ing
,
originally
meaning
the
act
of
learning
,
later
extended
to
the
knowledge
obtained
.
verb
-
learn
,
learning
,
learns
,
learned
,
learnt
present
participle
of
learn
:
the
act
of
gaining
knowledge
or
skill
while
an
action
is
in
progress
or
described
as
a
general
activity
•
The
children
are
learning
to
swim
this
summer
.
The
children
are
learning
to
swim
this
summer
.
•
He
spent
the
afternoon
learning
new
guitar
chords
.
He
spent
the
afternoon
learning
new
guitar
chords
.
noun
-
learning
deep
academic
or
scholarly
knowledge
in
a
particular
field
•
The
professor's
vast
learning
in
medieval
history
impressed
everyone
.
The
professor's
vast
learning
in
medieval
history
impressed
everyone
.
•
She
gained
her
learning
through
years
of
dedicated
research
.
She
gained
her
learning
through
years
of
dedicated
research
.
researcher
noun
a
person
who
studies
a
subject
closely
in
order
to
discover
new
facts
or
deepen
knowledge
about
it
•
The
researcher
examined
the
soil
samples
under
a
microscope
.
The
researcher
examined
the
soil
samples
under
a
microscope
.
•
As
a
medical
researcher
,
she
hopes
to
find
a
cure
for
the
disease
.
As
a
medical
researcher
,
she
hopes
to
find
a
cure
for
the
disease
.
From
research
+
-er
,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
late
17th
century
.
nuclear
adjective
relating
to
the
energy
,
reactions
,
weapons
,
or
technology
that
involve
the
nucleus
of
an
atom
•
The
country
built
its
first
nuclear
power
station
to
generate
electricity
.
The
country
built
its
first
nuclear
power
station
to
generate
electricity
.
•
A
massive
amount
of
energy
is
released
during
a
nuclear
explosion
.
A
massive
amount
of
energy
is
released
during
a
nuclear
explosion
.
early
19th
century
:
from
nucleus
+
-ar
,
originally
‘
like
the
nucleus
of
a
cell
’;
later
(
in
physics
)
relating
to
the
nucleus
of
an
atom
.
adjective
relating
to
the
nucleus
of
a
cell
or
other
biological
structure
•
The
nuclear
membrane
separates
the
genetic
material
from
the
cell
’
s
cytoplasm
.
The
nuclear
membrane
separates
the
genetic
material
from
the
cell
’
s
cytoplasm
.
•
The
dye
helped
the
researchers
observe
nuclear
DNA
within
the
cell
.
The
dye
helped
the
researchers
observe
nuclear
DNA
within
the
cell
.
from
Latin
nucleus
‘
kernel
’
+
-ar
,
first
applied
to
cell
biology
in
the
19th
century
when
scientists
identified
the
nucleus
as
the
control
center
of
the
cell
.
adjective
forming
or
acting
as
the
core
or
central
part
of
something
•
Trust
is
nuclear
to
any
strong
friendship
.
Trust
is
nuclear
to
any
strong
friendship
.
•
The
CEO
highlighted
the
nuclear
goals
that
would
drive
the
company
forward
.
The
CEO
highlighted
the
nuclear
goals
that
would
drive
the
company
forward
.
derived
from
the
original
sense
‘
like
a
nucleus
’;
extended
figuratively
in
the
mid-20th
century
to
mean
‘
central
or
essential
’.
search
verb
-
search
,
searching
,
searches
,
searched
to
look
for
someone
or
something
by
checking
places
carefully
or
examining
things
closely
•
The
children
searched
the
park
for
their
lost
puppy
.
The
children
searched
the
park
for
their
lost
puppy
.
•
After
school
,
I
search
my
backpack
to
make
sure
I
haven't
forgotten
any
books
.
After
school
,
I
search
my
backpack
to
make
sure
I
haven't
forgotten
any
books
.
verb
-
search
,
searches
,
searching
,
searched
to
look
carefully
for
someone
or
something
that
is
lost
,
hidden
,
or
unknown
•
The
children
searched
the
beach
for
seashells
until
sunset
.
The
children
searched
the
beach
for
seashells
until
sunset
.
•
Rescuers
are
searching
the
mountains
for
missing
hikers
.
Rescuers
are
searching
the
mountains
for
missing
hikers
.
Middle
English
‘
serchen
’
from
Old
French
‘
cerchier
’,
from
Latin
‘
circāre
’
meaning
‘
go
about
’
noun
-
search
,
searches
an
attempt
to
find
someone
or
something
by
looking
carefully
•
A
quick
search
on
the
internet
gave
me
the
answer
.
A
quick
search
on
the
internet
gave
me
the
answer
.
•
The
hikers
organized
a
search
for
the
lost
dog
.
The
hikers
organized
a
search
for
the
lost
dog
.
verb
-
search
,
searching
,
searches
,
searched
to
examine
a
person
,
bag
,
or
place
closely
to
find
something
hidden
,
often
for
safety
or
law-enforcement
reasons
•
The
security
guard
searched
the
visitor's
bag
before
letting
him
enter
the
museum
.
The
security
guard
searched
the
visitor's
bag
before
letting
him
enter
the
museum
.
•
At
the
airport
,
officers
search
passengers
for
prohibited
items
.
At
the
airport
,
officers
search
passengers
for
prohibited
items
.
noun
-
search
,
searches
an
attempt
to
find
someone
or
something
by
looking
carefully
•
Our
search
for
a
new
apartment
took
three
months
.
Our
search
for
a
new
apartment
took
three
months
.
•
The
rescue
team's
search
ended
when
they
found
the
lost
hiker
.
The
rescue
team's
search
ended
when
they
found
the
lost
hiker
.
verb
-
search
,
searches
,
searching
,
searched
to
examine
a
person
,
vehicle
,
or
container
to
find
something
hidden
,
illegal
,
or
dangerous
•
At
the
airport
,
security
officers
searched
every
bag
carefully
.
At
the
airport
,
security
officers
searched
every
bag
carefully
.
•
Police
searched
the
suspect
’
s
car
for
weapons
.
Police
searched
the
suspect
’
s
car
for
weapons
.
noun
-
search
,
searches
an
official
or
thorough
examination
of
a
person
,
place
,
or
container
to
find
something
hidden
or
illegal
•
The
customs
officer
performed
a
thorough
search
of
my
suitcase
.
The
customs
officer
performed
a
thorough
search
of
my
suitcase
.
•
She
felt
uncomfortable
during
the
body
search
.
She
felt
uncomfortable
during
the
body
search
.
noun
-
search
,
searches
the
box
,
tool
,
or
action
of
entering
words
on
a
computer
or
phone
to
find
information
on
a
website
or
the
internet
•
A
quick
search
on
the
internet
gave
me
the
answer
.
A
quick
search
on
the
internet
gave
me
the
answer
.
•
Type
your
question
into
the
search
and
hit
enter
.
Type
your
question
into
the
search
and
hit
enter
.
disappear
verb
to
suddenly
go
out
of
sight
so
that
no
longer
anything
can
be
seen
•
Watch
the
magician
make
the
coin
disappear
right
in
front
of
you
!
Watch
the
magician
make
the
coin
disappear
right
in
front
of
you
!
•
When
the
sun
came
out
,
the
thick
morning
fog
began
to
disappear
.
When
the
sun
came
out
,
the
thick
morning
fog
began
to
disappear
.
From
French
disparoir
,
from
Latin
disparēre
(
to
vanish
).
verb
to
stop
existing
or
being
available
•
Many
small
bookshops
could
disappear
if
people
only
shop
online
.
Many
small
bookshops
could
disappear
if
people
only
shop
online
.
•
Over
the
years
,
the
ancient
language
began
to
disappear
from
daily
life
.
Over
the
years
,
the
ancient
language
began
to
disappear
from
daily
life
.
See
primary
sense
etymology
.
verb
for
a
person
or
animal
:
to
go
somewhere
secretly
or
be
missing
so
that
no
one
knows
where
they
are
•
Our
cat
likes
to
disappear
for
hours
and
return
just
before
dinner
.
Our
cat
likes
to
disappear
for
hours
and
return
just
before
dinner
.
•
During
the
trek
,
one
of
the
hikers
suddenly
disappears
from
view
.
During
the
trek
,
one
of
the
hikers
suddenly
disappears
from
view
.
Same
historical
origin
as
primary
sense
.
bear
noun
a
large
,
strong
mammal
with
thick
fur
and
a
very
short
tail
that
lives
in
forests
or
on
snowy
mountains
•
The
campers
froze
when
a
huge
brown
bear
stepped
out
of
the
trees
.
The
campers
froze
when
a
huge
brown
bear
stepped
out
of
the
trees
.
•
A
polar
bear
uses
its
big
paws
to
break
a
hole
in
the
ice
and
catch
a
seal
.
A
polar
bear
uses
its
big
paws
to
break
a
hole
in
the
ice
and
catch
a
seal
.
Old
English
“
bera
,”
related
to
German
“
Bär
,”
from
Proto-Germanic
*berô
‘
the
brown
one
’.
noun
a
large
,
strong
mammal
with
thick
fur
and
a
very
short
tail
that
lives
in
forests
or
mountains
and
eats
meat
,
fish
,
and
plants
•
The
bear
stood
on
its
hind
legs
to
reach
the
honeycomb
in
the
tree
.
The
bear
stood
on
its
hind
legs
to
reach
the
honeycomb
in
the
tree
.
•
We
saw
a
mother
bear
guiding
her
two
cubs
across
the
river
.
We
saw
a
mother
bear
guiding
her
two
cubs
across
the
river
.
Old
English
"
bera
",
related
to
German
"
Bär
",
originally
meaning
"
the
brown
one
"
to
avoid
saying
the
animal
’
s
true
name
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
carry
or
support
the
weight
of
something
•
The
old
bridge
can
still
bear
heavy
trucks
.
The
old
bridge
can
still
bear
heavy
trucks
.
•
Please
bear
this
tray
carefully
;
the
glasses
are
full
.
Please
bear
this
tray
carefully
;
the
glasses
are
full
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
accept
or
tolerate
something
difficult
or
unpleasant
•
I
can
’
t
bear
loud
noises
when
I
’
m
studying
.
I
can
’
t
bear
loud
noises
when
I
’
m
studying
.
•
She
had
to
bear
the
pain
until
help
arrived
.
She
had
to
bear
the
pain
until
help
arrived
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
move
or
turn
in
a
particular
direction
•
At
the
fork
in
the
road
,
bear
left
toward
the
lake
.
At
the
fork
in
the
road
,
bear
left
toward
the
lake
.
•
The
trail
bears
north
after
the
old
oak
tree
.
The
trail
bears
north
after
the
old
oak
tree
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
carry
or
support
the
weight
of
something
•
The
old
bridge
can
no
longer
bear
the
weight
of
heavy
trucks
.
The
old
bridge
can
no
longer
bear
the
weight
of
heavy
trucks
.
•
She
bore
a
tray
of
hot
tea
carefully
up
the
stairs
.
She
bore
a
tray
of
hot
tea
carefully
up
the
stairs
.
Old
English
“
beran
”
meant
“
to
carry
or
bring
,”
related
to
German
“
tragen
”
and
Latin
“
ferre
.”
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
turn
or
move
in
a
stated
direction
•
At
the
fork
,
bear
left
toward
the
beach
.
At
the
fork
,
bear
left
toward
the
beach
.
•
The
hiking
trail
bears
right
after
the
waterfall
.
The
hiking
trail
bears
right
after
the
waterfall
.
Navigation
use
recorded
since
the
16th
century
,
perhaps
from
the
idea
of
a
path
‘
bearing
’
or
carrying
you
in
a
direction
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
give
birth
to
a
child
or
a
young
animal
•
The
queen
is
expected
to
bear
an
heir
next
spring
.
The
queen
is
expected
to
bear
an
heir
next
spring
.
•
The
ewe
bore
two
healthy
lambs
during
the
night
.
The
ewe
bore
two
healthy
lambs
during
the
night
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
produce
flowers
,
fruit
,
or
results
•
The
apple
tree
will
bear
fruit
in
the
autumn
.
The
apple
tree
will
bear
fruit
in
the
autumn
.
•
His
hard
work
finally
bore
results
when
he
got
the
patent
.
His
hard
work
finally
bore
results
when
he
got
the
patent
.
noun
a
large
,
strong
,
or
rough
person
who
seems
clumsy
or
behaves
in
a
gruff
way
,
often
used
affectionately
or
jokingly
•
Don
looks
scary
,
but
he
’
s
really
a
gentle
bear
once
you
know
him
.
Don
looks
scary
,
but
he
’
s
really
a
gentle
bear
once
you
know
him
.
•
At
parties
,
she
can
be
a
bear
to
talk
to
until
she
has
her
first
cup
of
coffee
.
At
parties
,
she
can
be
a
bear
to
talk
to
until
she
has
her
first
cup
of
coffee
.
Transferred
sense
from
the
animal
’
s
size
and
strength
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
accept
or
endure
something
difficult
or
unpleasant
•
I
can
’
t
bear
the
sound
of
nails
scratching
a
chalkboard
.
I
can
’
t
bear
the
sound
of
nails
scratching
a
chalkboard
.
•
She
bore
the
loss
of
her
pet
with
quiet
bravery
.
She
bore
the
loss
of
her
pet
with
quiet
bravery
.
Same
Old
English
root
“
beran
,”
expanding
from
physical
carrying
to
mental
burden
in
Middle
English
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
borne
to
produce
fruit
,
flowers
,
or
results
•
Our
apple
tree
bore
a
record
number
of
fruit
this
year
.
Our
apple
tree
bore
a
record
number
of
fruit
this
year
.
•
The
experiment
is
starting
to
bear
results
after
months
of
testing
.
The
experiment
is
starting
to
bear
results
after
months
of
testing
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
‘
carry
’
to
‘
bring
forth
’
first
appears
in
Middle
English
farming
texts
.
noun
an
investor
who
believes
that
prices
will
fall
and
who
may
sell
shares
hoping
to
buy
them
back
cheaper
later
•
The
market
drop
rewarded
the
bear
who
had
sold
early
.
The
market
drop
rewarded
the
bear
who
had
sold
early
.
•
Many
bears
expect
the
company
’
s
stock
to
decline
this
quarter
.
Many
bears
expect
the
company
’
s
stock
to
decline
this
quarter
.
From
18th-century
London
Stock
Exchange
slang
,
shortening
of
"
bearskin
jobber
"—
someone
who
sold
the
bear
’
s
skin
before
catching
the
bear
.
noun
an
investor
who
expects
prices
on
a
financial
market
to
fall
and
may
try
to
profit
from
that
drop
•
During
the
crash
,
bears
made
money
by
betting
that
stocks
would
keep
falling
.
During
the
crash
,
bears
made
money
by
betting
that
stocks
would
keep
falling
.
•
Even
though
the
economy
looked
strong
,
some
bears
warned
that
the
market
was
overvalued
.
Even
though
the
economy
looked
strong
,
some
bears
warned
that
the
market
was
overvalued
.
By
the
early
18th
century
,
London
traders
spoke
of
“
selling
the
bear
’
s
skin
before
one
has
caught
the
bear
,”
meaning
selling
something
you
do
not
yet
own
.
The
phrase
was
shortened
to
“
bear
”
for
anyone
expecting
a
price
fall
.
verb
-
bear
,
bearing
,
bears
,
bore
,
born
,
borne
to
give
birth
to
a
child
or
young
•
Queen
Victoria
bore
nine
children
during
her
lifetime
.
Queen
Victoria
bore
nine
children
during
her
lifetime
.
•
The
mare
will
bear
a
foal
in
early
spring
.
The
mare
will
bear
a
foal
in
early
spring
.
Sense
of
childbirth
from
Old
English
“
beran
,”
with
past
participle
form
“
born
”
eventually
becoming
a
separate
adjective
.
appearance
noun
the
way
a
person
,
place
,
or
thing
looks
to
other
people
•
Lena
changed
her
appearance
by
cutting
her
long
hair
into
a
short
bob
.
Lena
changed
her
appearance
by
cutting
her
long
hair
into
a
short
bob
.
•
The
old
library
’
s
dusty
shelves
hide
its
grand
appearance
from
the
street
.
The
old
library
’
s
dusty
shelves
hide
its
grand
appearance
from
the
street
.
From
Middle
French
apparence
,
from
Latin
apparentia
‘
being
visible
’,
from
apparēre
‘
to
appear
’.
noun
the
act
of
becoming
visible
or
of
arriving
where
people
can
see
you
•
Everyone
cheered
at
the
sudden
appearance
of
a
rainbow
after
the
storm
.
Everyone
cheered
at
the
sudden
appearance
of
a
rainbow
after
the
storm
.
•
The
famous
actor
’
s
first
appearance
on
stage
lasted
only
a
minute
,
but
the
audience
loved
it
.
The
famous
actor
’
s
first
appearance
on
stage
lasted
only
a
minute
,
but
the
audience
loved
it
.
noun
the
impression
something
gives
,
which
may
hide
the
truth
•
The
deal
seemed
fair
,
but
that
was
only
the
appearance
of
honesty
.
The
deal
seemed
fair
,
but
that
was
only
the
appearance
of
honesty
.
•
She
kept
up
the
appearance
of
confidence
even
though
she
was
nervous
.
She
kept
up
the
appearance
of
confidence
even
though
she
was
nervous
.
noun
a
short
public
performance
,
visit
,
or
interview
by
a
well-known
person
•
The
singer
’
s
surprise
appearance
on
the
morning
show
boosted
ratings
.
The
singer
’
s
surprise
appearance
on
the
morning
show
boosted
ratings
.
•
She
donated
her
fee
from
the
store
appearance
to
charity
.
She
donated
her
fee
from
the
store
appearance
to
charity
.
noun
the
act
of
a
lawyer
or
party
formally
attending
court
in
a
legal
case
•
The
defendant
’
s
first
appearance
before
the
judge
was
brief
.
The
defendant
’
s
first
appearance
before
the
judge
was
brief
.
•
Failing
to
make
an
appearance
can
lead
to
a
default
judgment
.
Failing
to
make
an
appearance
can
lead
to
a
default
judgment
.
hearing
noun
-
hearing
the
ability
to
notice
sounds
with
your
ears
•
Grandpa's
hearing
has
become
weaker
,
so
he
uses
a
small
hearing
aid
.
Grandpa's
hearing
has
become
weaker
,
so
he
uses
a
small
hearing
aid
.
•
In
complete
silence
,
you
can
almost
feel
your
hearing
searching
for
the
tiniest
noise
.
In
complete
silence
,
you
can
almost
feel
your
hearing
searching
for
the
tiniest
noise
.
Old
English
‘
hēring
’,
from
‘
hēran
’ (“
to
hear
”),
originally
meaning
the
action
of
hearing
;
later
extended
to
mean
the
sense
itself
.
noun
a
formal
meeting
in
a
court
,
parliament
,
or
other
official
place
where
facts
or
opinions
are
presented
and
listened
to
•
The
judge
scheduled
a
hearing
for
next
Tuesday
to
review
the
evidence
.
The
judge
scheduled
a
hearing
for
next
Tuesday
to
review
the
evidence
.
•
Citizens
crowded
the
town
hall
for
the
public
hearing
about
the
new
highway
project
.
Citizens
crowded
the
town
hall
for
the
public
hearing
about
the
new
highway
project
.
noun
an
occasion
when
someone
listens
seriously
to
what
you
have
to
say
•
The
angry
workers
felt
the
manager
never
gave
their
concerns
a
fair
hearing
.
The
angry
workers
felt
the
manager
never
gave
their
concerns
a
fair
hearing
.
•
If
you
let
me
have
a
hearing
,
I
can
explain
why
I
was
late
.
If
you
let
me
have
a
hearing
,
I
can
explain
why
I
was
late
.
tear
noun
a
drop
of
salty
liquid
that
comes
from
your
eye
when
you
cry
or
when
your
eyes
water
•
A
single
tear
rolled
down
his
cheek
as
he
watched
the
sad
movie
.
A
single
tear
rolled
down
his
cheek
as
he
watched
the
sad
movie
.
•
The
cold
wind
was
so
strong
that
it
brought
tears
to
her
eyes
.
The
cold
wind
was
so
strong
that
it
brought
tears
to
her
eyes
.
noun
a
drop
of
salty
liquid
that
comes
from
the
eye
when
you
cry
,
laugh
hard
,
or
when
the
eye
is
irritated
.
•
A
single
tear
rolled
down
her
cheek
during
the
sad
song
.
A
single
tear
rolled
down
her
cheek
during
the
sad
song
.
•
Cold
wind
brought
tears
to
his
eyes
as
he
walked
along
the
snowy
street
.
Cold
wind
brought
tears
to
his
eyes
as
he
walked
along
the
snowy
street
.
verb
-
tear
,
tearing
,
tears
,
tore
,
torn
to
pull
something
apart
or
make
a
hole
in
it
with
force
•
Be
careful
not
to
tear
the
wrapping
paper
when
you
open
the
gift
.
Be
careful
not
to
tear
the
wrapping
paper
when
you
open
the
gift
.
•
She
tore
the
letter
into
tiny
pieces
and
threw
it
away
.
She
tore
the
letter
into
tiny
pieces
and
threw
it
away
.
verb
-
tear
,
tearing
,
tears
,
tore
,
torn
to
pull
something
apart
,
or
make
a
hole
in
it
,
especially
suddenly
or
with
force
.
•
Please
don
’
t
tear
the
gift
wrap
before
we
give
the
present
.
Please
don
’
t
tear
the
gift
wrap
before
we
give
the
present
.
•
Angry
,
she
tore
the
letter
in
half
and
threw
it
into
the
bin
.
Angry
,
she
tore
the
letter
in
half
and
threw
it
into
the
bin
.
noun
a
hole
or
split
in
material
where
it
has
been
ripped
.
•
There
’
s
a
small
tear
in
the
sofa
cushion
.
There
’
s
a
small
tear
in
the
sofa
cushion
.
•
She
sewed
the
tear
quickly
so
the
dress
looked
new
again
.
She
sewed
the
tear
quickly
so
the
dress
looked
new
again
.
noun
a
hole
or
split
in
cloth
,
paper
,
or
another
material
•
There
was
a
small
tear
in
the
sleeve
of
her
jacket
.
There
was
a
small
tear
in
the
sleeve
of
her
jacket
.
•
The
librarian
repaired
the
tear
in
the
ancient
map
with
special
tape
.
The
librarian
repaired
the
tear
in
the
ancient
map
with
special
tape
.
verb
-
tear
,
tearing
,
tears
,
tore
,
torn
to
move
very
quickly
and
often
noisily
or
recklessly
•
The
kids
tore
down
the
hallway
after
the
final
bell
rang
.
The
kids
tore
down
the
hallway
after
the
final
bell
rang
.
•
A
red
sports
car
tore
past
us
on
the
highway
.
A
red
sports
car
tore
past
us
on
the
highway
.
noun
a
short
period
of
wild
or
energetic
activity
,
especially
spending
,
drinking
,
or
winning
repeatedly
•
After
getting
his
bonus
,
he
went
on
a
shopping
tear
downtown
.
After
getting
his
bonus
,
he
went
on
a
shopping
tear
downtown
.
•
They
’
d
been
on
a
two-day
party
tear
in
Las
Vegas
.
They
’
d
been
on
a
two-day
party
tear
in
Las
Vegas
.
swear
verb
-
swear
,
swearing
,
swears
,
swore
,
sworn
to
use
rude
or
offensive
words
,
especially
when
you
are
angry
or
in
pain
•
When
he
hit
his
thumb
with
the
hammer
,
Jake
couldn
’
t
help
but
swear
.
When
he
hit
his
thumb
with
the
hammer
,
Jake
couldn
’
t
help
but
swear
.
•
My
mom
says
she
will
wash
my
mouth
out
with
soap
if
I
swear
again
.
My
mom
says
she
will
wash
my
mouth
out
with
soap
if
I
swear
again
.
Old
English
swerian
“
to
take
an
oath
”
→
Middle
English
“
swere
”
→
Modern
English
“
swear
”.
Offensive-language
sense
developed
later
when
oaths
were
considered
irreverent
.
verb
-
swear
,
swearing
,
swears
,
swore
,
sworn
to
promise
seriously
that
you
will
do
something
or
that
something
is
true
•
I
swear
I
will
finish
the
project
by
Friday
.
I
swear
I
will
finish
the
project
by
Friday
.
•
She
swore
never
to
lie
to
her
best
friend
again
.
She
swore
never
to
lie
to
her
best
friend
again
.
Originally
meant
“
to
take
an
oath
.”
The
promise
meaning
remains
close
to
the
early
sense
.
verb
-
swear
,
swearing
,
swears
,
swore
,
sworn
to
make
a
formal
oath
in
a
law
court
or
when
starting
an
official
job
•
The
witness
stood
and
swore
to
tell
the
whole
truth
.
The
witness
stood
and
swore
to
tell
the
whole
truth
.
•
Every
new
citizen
must
swear
allegiance
during
the
ceremony
.
Every
new
citizen
must
swear
allegiance
during
the
ceremony
.
Legal
oath-taking
sense
is
a
direct
continuation
of
the
Old
English
meaning
,
reinforced
by
medieval
court
practice
.
dear
adjective
-
dear
,
dearer
,
dearest
loved
and
valued
very
much
•
Maria
gave
her
dear
friend
a
warm
hug
at
the
airport
.
Maria
gave
her
dear
friend
a
warm
hug
at
the
airport
.
•
He
keeps
a
photo
of
his
dear
grandmother
on
his
desk
.
He
keeps
a
photo
of
his
dear
grandmother
on
his
desk
.
noun
a
person
who
is
loved
or
cared
for
,
used
as
a
friendly
or
affectionate
form
of
address
•
Don't
worry
,
dear
,
everything
will
be
fine
.
Don't
worry
,
dear
,
everything
will
be
fine
.
•
Dear
,
could
you
pass
me
the
salt
,
please
?
Dear
,
could
you
pass
me
the
salt
,
please
?
adjective
-
dear
,
dearer
,
dearest
costing
a
lot
of
money
•
Fresh
berries
are
quite
dear
in
winter
.
Fresh
berries
are
quite
dear
in
winter
.
•
The
watch
was
nice
but
too
dear
for
my
budget
.
The
watch
was
nice
but
too
dear
for
my
budget
.
interjection
used
to
show
surprise
,
worry
,
or
sympathy
•
Oh
dear
,
I
forgot
to
lock
the
door
!
Oh
dear
,
I
forgot
to
lock
the
door
!
•
Dear
me
,
look
at
the
mess
the
puppy
has
made
!
Dear
me
,
look
at
the
mess
the
puppy
has
made
!
adverb
-
dear
,
dearer
,
dearest
at
a
high
price
;
expensively
•
During
the
shortage
,
farmers
had
to
buy
grain
dear
and
sell
milk
cheap
.
During
the
shortage
,
farmers
had
to
buy
grain
dear
and
sell
milk
cheap
.
•
We
paid
dear
for
a
last-minute
hotel
room
in
the
city
center
.
We
paid
dear
for
a
last-minute
hotel
room
in
the
city
center
.
gear
noun
-
gear
the
special
clothes
,
tools
,
or
equipment
needed
for
a
particular
activity
•
Before
the
hike
,
we
packed
our
camping
gear
into
sturdy
backpacks
.
Before
the
hike
,
we
packed
our
camping
gear
into
sturdy
backpacks
.
•
The
firefighters
quickly
put
on
their
protective
gear
when
the
alarm
sounded
.
The
firefighters
quickly
put
on
their
protective
gear
when
the
alarm
sounded
.
sense
extended
in
19th
century
from
earlier
meaning
of
machinery
parts
to
include
personal
equipment
noun
a
toothed
wheel
or
set
of
toothed
parts
in
a
machine
that
fit
together
and
pass
movement
or
power
from
one
part
to
another
•
When
the
clock
struck
noon
,
you
could
see
the
tiny
gears
turning
behind
the
glass
face
.
When
the
clock
struck
noon
,
you
could
see
the
tiny
gears
turning
behind
the
glass
face
.
•
The
mechanic
showed
the
class
a
large
steel
gear
whose
teeth
had
worn
down
.
The
mechanic
showed
the
class
a
large
steel
gear
whose
teeth
had
worn
down
.
from
Old
Norse
gervi
“
equipment
,
apparatus
”,
later
narrowed
to
the
mechanical
sense
in
Middle
English
noun
one
of
several
fixed
positions
in
a
vehicle
’
s
transmission
that
controls
the
balance
of
speed
and
power
•
She
shifted
into
first
gear
before
climbing
the
steep
hill
.
She
shifted
into
first
gear
before
climbing
the
steep
hill
.
•
On
the
highway
he
kept
the
car
in
fifth
gear
for
better
fuel
efficiency
.
On
the
highway
he
kept
the
car
in
fifth
gear
for
better
fuel
efficiency
.
automotive
sense
arose
in
late
19th
century
when
multi-speed
transmissions
were
invented
verb
-
gear
,
gearing
,
gears
,
geared
to
design
or
adjust
something
so
that
it
suits
a
particular
purpose
,
situation
,
or
group
•
The
new
math
course
is
geared
toward
beginners
.
The
new
math
course
is
geared
toward
beginners
.
•
They
geared
the
advertising
campaign
to
young
voters
.
They
geared
the
advertising
campaign
to
young
voters
.
extended
verb
use
from
noun
in
19th
century
,
originally
"
gear
up
"
in
rail
and
factory
contexts
then
shortened
nearby
adjective
located
a
short
distance
away
•
We
found
a
nearby
café
and
stopped
for
coffee
.
We
found
a
nearby
café
and
stopped
for
coffee
.
•
There
is
a
nearby
playground
where
the
children
can
play
safely
.
There
is
a
nearby
playground
where
the
children
can
play
safely
.
adverb
not
far
away
;
close
to
the
place
being
talked
about
•
My
grandparents
live
nearby
,
so
we
visit
them
often
.
My
grandparents
live
nearby
,
so
we
visit
them
often
.
•
A
waiter
was
standing
nearby
and
came
to
take
our
order
.
A
waiter
was
standing
nearby
and
came
to
take
our
order
.