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rat
noun
a
small
gray
or
brown
rodent
with
a
long
tail
that
often
lives
in
buildings
,
fields
,
or
sewers
•
A
rat
ran
across
the
kitchen
floor
,
making
everyone
jump
.
A
rat
ran
across
the
kitchen
floor
,
making
everyone
jump
.
•
City
workers
set
traps
in
the
alley
to
catch
the
rats
.
City
workers
set
traps
in
the
alley
to
catch
the
rats
.
From
Old
English
ræt
,
related
to
German
Ratte
and
Latin
rattus
.
noun
a
person
considered
disloyal
or
unpleasant
,
especially
someone
who
secretly
gives
information
about
others
•
I
thought
he
was
my
friend
,
but
the
rat
told
the
teacher
about
our
plan
.
I
thought
he
was
my
friend
,
but
the
rat
told
the
teacher
about
our
plan
.
•
No
one
trusts
a
rat
on
the
team
.
No
one
trusts
a
rat
on
the
team
.
Transferred
from
the
animal
meaning
,
comparing
a
sneaky
informer
to
a
rat
.
verb
-
rat
,
ratting
,
rats
,
ratted
to
secretly
give
information
about
someone
to
an
authority
,
betraying
their
trust
•
He
refused
to
rat on
his
friends
even
when
the
principal
threatened
detention
.
He
refused
to
rat on
his
friends
even
when
the
principal
threatened
detention
.
•
She
felt
guilty
after
ratting
to
her
parents
about
her
brother's
broken
window
.
She
felt
guilty
after
ratting
to
her
parents
about
her
brother's
broken
window
.
Extension
of
the
slang
noun
sense
,
likening
betrayal
to
the
sneaky
movements
of
a
rat
.
rate
noun
the
amount
of
money
that
is
paid
,
charged
,
or
received
for
each
unit
of
something
,
such
as
time
,
distance
,
or
quantity
•
The
hotel
offers
a
discounted
weekend
rate
for
families
.
The
hotel
offers
a
discounted
weekend
rate
for
families
.
•
He
checked
three
banks
to
compare
the
exchange
rate
before
buying
euros
.
He
checked
three
banks
to
compare
the
exchange
rate
before
buying
euros
.
From
Middle
English
rate
,
from
Old
French
rate
"
assessment
,"
from
Medieval
Latin
rata
(
pars
) "
reckoned
(
part
)."
noun
the
speed
at
which
something
happens
or
moves
•
Rain
was
falling
at
a
steady
rate
all
morning
.
Rain
was
falling
at
a
steady
rate
all
morning
.
•
The
doctor
measured
her
heart
rate
after
the
workout
.
The
doctor
measured
her
heart
rate
after
the
workout
.
Sense
of
speed
developed
in
the
17th
century
from
earlier
meanings
of
proportion
and
assessment
.
noun
a
level
or
amount
of
something
when
it
is
compared
with
something
else
,
often
shown
as
a
number
or
percentage
•
The
unemployment
rate
dropped
to
4
percent
this
year
.
The
unemployment
rate
dropped
to
4
percent
this
year
.
•
Infants
have
a
higher
breathing
rate
than
adults
.
Infants
have
a
higher
breathing
rate
than
adults
.
Adopted
in
statistical
use
in
the
19th
century
,
building
on
earlier
senses
of
proportion
and
assessment
.
verb
-
rate
,
rating
,
rates
,
rated
to
judge
or
assign
a
level
of
quality
,
importance
,
or
value
to
someone
or
something
•
Critics
rated
the
film
five
stars
.
Critics
rated
the
film
five
stars
.
•
I
rate
this
restaurant
as
the
best
in
town
.
I
rate
this
restaurant
as
the
best
in
town
.
The
verb
sense
comes
from
the
noun
meaning
"
value
"
in
late
Middle
English
,
extending
to
the
act
of
assigning
that
value
.
rather
adverb
to
a
fairly
high
or
noticeable
degree
,
but
not
extremely
•
The
soup
is
rather
salty
tonight
.
The
soup
is
rather
salty
tonight
.
•
It
was
rather
cold
,
so
James
grabbed
his
coat
before
leaving
the
house
.
It
was
rather
cold
,
so
James
grabbed
his
coat
before
leaving
the
house
.
From
Old
English
‘
hrathor
’
meaning
‘
sooner
,
more
readily
’,
later
evolving
to
express
degree
and
preference
.
adverb
used
to
introduce
a
correction
or
a
more
accurate
statement
•
He
was
angry
—
rather
,
disappointed
—
when
he
heard
the
news
.
He
was
angry
—
rather
,
disappointed
—
when
he
heard
the
news
.
•
The
book
is
a
biography
,
or
rather
,
a
memoir
.
The
book
is
a
biography
,
or
rather
,
a
memoir
.
adverb
more
willingly
;
preferably
•
I
’
d
rather
stay
home
tonight
.
I
’
d
rather
stay
home
tonight
.
•
Would
you
rather
have
coffee
or
tea
?
Would
you
rather
have
coffee
or
tea
?
conjunction
used
with
“
than
”
to
show
preference
between
two
things
•
She
chose
water
rather
than
soda
.
She
chose
water
rather
than
soda
.
•
Take
the
train
rather
than
drive
—
it
’
s
quicker
.
Take
the
train
rather
than
drive
—
it
’
s
quicker
.
rating
noun
a
score
or
grade
that
shows
how
good
,
popular
,
safe
,
or
efficient
something
is
•
The
hotel
has
a
five-star
rating
on
most
travel
websites
.
The
hotel
has
a
five-star
rating
on
most
travel
websites
.
•
Always
check
the
energy-efficiency
rating
before
buying
a
new
fridge
.
Always
check
the
energy-efficiency
rating
before
buying
a
new
fridge
.
From
the
verb
“
rate
”
+
–ing
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
to
mean
a
numerical
assessment
or
classification
.
noun
an
official
classification
that
shows
who
is
allowed
to
watch
,
read
,
or
use
something
,
especially
a
film
,
TV
show
,
or
video
game
•
The
movie
has
an
R
rating
,
so
children
cannot
see
it
without
an
adult
.
The
movie
has
an
R
rating
,
so
children
cannot
see
it
without
an
adult
.
•
Always
check
the
age
rating
on
video
games
before
buying
them
for
kids
.
Always
check
the
age
rating
on
video
games
before
buying
them
for
kids
.
Developed
from
earlier
senses
of
“
rating
”
in
the
early
20th
century
as
governments
and
industry
groups
began
labeling
films
by
suitability
for
audiences
.
noun
-
rating
the
act
or
process
of
judging
the
quality
,
importance
,
or
value
of
something
•
Online
rating
of
restaurants
has
become
very
popular
.
Online
rating
of
restaurants
has
become
very
popular
.
•
The
committee
spent
hours
on
the
rating
of
scholarship
applications
.
The
committee
spent
hours
on
the
rating
of
scholarship
applications
.
Gerund
of
the
verb
“
rate
,”
meaning
the
ongoing
action
of
judging
or
estimating
worth
.
ratio
noun
the
relationship
between
two
numbers
that
shows
how
many
times
one
number
fits
into
the
other
•
The
ratio
of
students
to
teachers
in
the
class
is
20
to
1
.
The
ratio
of
students
to
teachers
in
the
class
is
20
to
1
.
•
Mix
the
paint
in
a
2
to
1
ratio
of
blue
to
white
for
the
perfect
shade
.
Mix
the
paint
in
a
2
to
1
ratio
of
blue
to
white
for
the
perfect
shade
.
From
Latin
ratiō
(“
reckoning
,
reason
,
calculation
”).
noun
on
social
media
,
a
situation
where
a
reply
or
comment
receives
far
more
likes
or
up-votes
than
the
original
post
,
showing
that
people
dislike
or
disagree
with
the
original
•
His
unpopular
tweet
earned
an
embarrassing
ratio
within
an
hour
.
His
unpopular
tweet
earned
an
embarrassing
ratio
within
an
hour
.
•
"
Post
that
and
you
’
ll
get
a
huge
ratio
,"
her
friend
warned
.
"
Post
that
and
you
’
ll
get
a
huge
ratio
,"
her
friend
warned
.
Extension
of
the
mathematical
sense
;
first
popularized
on
Twitter
in
the
late
2010s
.
rational
adjective
using
clear
and
logical
thinking
rather
than
emotion
or
guesswork
•
Mia
stayed
rational
while
everyone
else
panicked
during
the
fire
drill
.
Mia
stayed
rational
while
everyone
else
panicked
during
the
fire
drill
.
•
After
a
night
’
s
sleep
,
Luis
made
a
more
rational
decision
about
quitting
his
job
.
After
a
night
’
s
sleep
,
Luis
made
a
more
rational
decision
about
quitting
his
job
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
rationalis
‘
reasoning
’,
from
ratio
‘
reason
’.
adjective
(
mathematics
)
able
to
be
expressed
as
the
ratio
of
two
whole
numbers
•
Three-quarters
is
a
rational
number
because
it
equals
3⁄4
.
Three-quarters
is
a
rational
number
because
it
equals
3⁄4
.
•
The
square
root
of
two
is
not
rational
.
The
square
root
of
two
is
not
rational
.
Extended
mathematical
sense
recorded
from
the
17th
century
.
noun
(
mathematics
)
a
number
that
can
be
written
as
one
whole
number
divided
by
another
•
Negative
five-thirds
is
a
rational
because
it
equals
−5⁄3
.
Negative
five-thirds
is
a
rational
because
it
equals
−5⁄3
.
•
The
set
of
all
rationals
is
denoted
by
the
letter
ℚ
.
The
set
of
all
rationals
is
denoted
by
the
letter
ℚ
.
Noun
use
developed
from
the
adjective
in
mathematical
contexts
.
administration
noun
the
practical
work
of
organizing
and
running
the
day-to-day
affairs
of
a
company
,
school
,
or
other
organization
•
Clear
record-keeping
is
vital
for
the
smooth
administration
of
a
charity
.
Clear
record-keeping
is
vital
for
the
smooth
administration
of
a
charity
.
•
The
college
hired
extra
staff
to
improve
the
administration
of
student
services
.
The
college
hired
extra
staff
to
improve
the
administration
of
student
services
.
From
Latin
administratio
“
management
,
direction
”,
from
administrare
“
to
manage
”.
noun
the
group
of
people
who
manage
and
make
decisions
for
an
organization
,
such
as
a
school
,
hospital
,
or
business
•
The
museum's
new
administration
announced
longer
opening
hours
.
The
museum's
new
administration
announced
longer
opening
hours
.
•
Teachers
met
with
the
school
administration
to
discuss
classroom
needs
.
Teachers
met
with
the
school
administration
to
discuss
classroom
needs
.
noun
the
government
of
a
particular
U
.
S
.
president
,
or
the
period
during
which
they
are
in
office
•
The
Biden
administration
passed
a
major
climate
bill
in
its
second
year
.
The
Biden
administration
passed
a
major
climate
bill
in
its
second
year
.
•
During
the
Roosevelt
administration
,
many
social
programs
were
created
.
During
the
Roosevelt
administration
,
many
social
programs
were
created
.
noun
the
act
of
giving
a
medicine
or
treatment
to
someone
•
The
nurse
checked
the
dosage
before
the
administration
of
the
drug
.
The
nurse
checked
the
dosage
before
the
administration
of
the
drug
.
•
Oral
administration
is
easier
for
children
than
injections
.
Oral
administration
is
easier
for
children
than
injections
.
strategy
noun
-
strategy
,
strategies
a
carefully
designed
plan
or
set
of
actions
intended
to
achieve
a
particular
long-term
goal
•
Our
coach
explained
the
new
strategy
before
the
championship
game
.
Our
coach
explained
the
new
strategy
before
the
championship
game
.
•
Using
coupons
was
Maria
’
s
simple
strategy
for
saving
money
each
month
.
Using
coupons
was
Maria
’
s
simple
strategy
for
saving
money
each
month
.
From
Ancient
Greek
στρατηγία
(
stratēgía
, “
office
or
command
of
a
general
”),
from
στρατηγός
(
stratēgós
, “
general
”).
noun
-
strategy
,
strategies
the
skill
or
study
of
planning
and
directing
overall
operations
,
especially
in
war
,
business
,
or
games
•
He
is
taking
a
university
course
in
military
strategy
.
He
is
taking
a
university
course
in
military
strategy
.
•
Chess
masters
devote
years
to
understanding
strategy
at
the
highest
level
.
Chess
masters
devote
years
to
understanding
strategy
at
the
highest
level
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
;
later
broadened
in
English
in
the
19th
century
to
fields
beyond
war
.
democrat
noun
a
person
who
supports
democracy
and
believes
that
all
people
should
have
an
equal
say
in
how
they
are
governed
•
The
young
activist
considered
herself
a
proud
democrat
who
fought
for
fair
elections
.
The
young
activist
considered
herself
a
proud
democrat
who
fought
for
fair
elections
.
•
Throughout
history
,
many
democrats
have
campaigned
for
universal
suffrage
.
Throughout
history
,
many
democrats
have
campaigned
for
universal
suffrage
.
From
French
démocrate
,
from
Ancient
Greek
dēmos
“
people
”
+
-kratēs
“
ruler
;
supporter
.”
Used
since
the
late
18th
century
to
describe
supporters
of
popular
government
.
Democrat
noun
a
member
or
supporter
of
the
Democratic
Party
in
the
United
States
•
My
grandfather
has
been
a
registered
Democrat
for
fifty
years
.
My
grandfather
has
been
a
registered
Democrat
for
fifty
years
.
•
The
Democrats
in
Congress
introduced
a
new
healthcare
bill
.
The
Democrats
in
Congress
introduced
a
new
healthcare
bill
.
Capitalized
from
‘
democrat
,’
first
applied
to
supporters
of
Thomas
Jefferson
in
the
early
19th
century
and
later
formalized
as
the
Democratic
Party
.
operation
noun
the
way
a
machine
,
system
,
or
process
works
and
is
used
•
The
new
washing
machine
runs
quietly
during
its
operation
.
The
new
washing
machine
runs
quietly
during
its
operation
.
•
Engineers
watched
computer
screens
to
track
the
bridge
’
s
operation
on
a
windy
day
.
Engineers
watched
computer
screens
to
track
the
bridge
’
s
operation
on
a
windy
day
.
noun
a
business
or
organized
activity
that
produces
goods
or
provides
services
•
Her
cupcake
shop
started
as
a
small
home
operation
and
grew
into
three
busy
stores
.
Her
cupcake
shop
started
as
a
small
home
operation
and
grew
into
three
busy
stores
.
•
The
mining
operation
employs
hundreds
of
workers
in
the
desert
.
The
mining
operation
employs
hundreds
of
workers
in
the
desert
.
noun
a
medical
procedure
in
which
doctors
cut
into
the
body
to
treat
or
fix
something
•
The
heart
operation
lasted
four
hours
and
was
a
success
.
The
heart
operation
lasted
four
hours
and
was
a
success
.
•
After
her
knee
operation
,
she
used
crutches
for
two
weeks
.
After
her
knee
operation
,
she
used
crutches
for
two
weeks
.
noun
a
process
such
as
addition
,
subtraction
,
multiplication
,
or
division
that
changes
numbers
or
amounts
•
Multiplication
is
a
faster
operation
than
repeated
addition
.
Multiplication
is
a
faster
operation
than
repeated
addition
.
•
The
calculator
can
perform
every
basic
operation
.
The
calculator
can
perform
every
basic
operation
.
noun
a
planned
military
,
police
,
or
rescue
action
•
The
rescue
operation
saved
the
sailors
from
the
sinking
ship
.
The
rescue
operation
saved
the
sailors
from
the
sinking
ship
.
•
Police
launched
an
undercover
operation
to
catch
the
smugglers
.
Police
launched
an
undercover
operation
to
catch
the
smugglers
.
noun
an
action
or
command
that
a
computer
or
machine
carries
out
on
data
•
Copying
a
file
is
a
simple
operation
in
most
operating
systems
.
Copying
a
file
is
a
simple
operation
in
most
operating
systems
.
•
The
robot
repeated
the
sorting
operation
thousands
of
times
without
error
.
The
robot
repeated
the
sorting
operation
thousands
of
times
without
error
.
generation
noun
all
the
people
born
and
living
at
about
the
same
time
,
considered
as
a
group
•
People
of
my
generation
often
remember
life
before
smartphones
.
People
of
my
generation
often
remember
life
before
smartphones
.
•
The
younger
generation
is
more
concerned
about
climate
change
.
The
younger
generation
is
more
concerned
about
climate
change
.
noun
-
generation
the
act
or
process
of
producing
or
creating
something
,
especially
power
,
heat
,
or
ideas
•
Wind
farms
help
with
the
generation
of
clean
electricity
.
Wind
farms
help
with
the
generation
of
clean
electricity
.
•
Brainstorming
meetings
spark
the
generation
of
new
ideas
.
Brainstorming
meetings
spark
the
generation
of
new
ideas
.
noun
each
stage
in
a
family
line
,
measured
from
parent
to
child
•
My
family
has
lived
in
this
village
for
five
generations
.
My
family
has
lived
in
this
village
for
five
generations
.
•
She
is
the
third
generation
of
doctors
in
her
family
.
She
is
the
third
generation
of
doctors
in
her
family
.
noun
a
particular
stage
in
the
development
of
a
product
,
technology
,
or
idea
•
This
is
the
latest
generation
of
smartphone
with
a
folding
screen
.
This
is
the
latest
generation
of
smartphone
with
a
folding
screen
.
•
Second-generation
vaccines
show
fewer
side
effects
.
Second-generation
vaccines
show
fewer
side
effects
.
democratic
adjective
being
based
on
the
principles
of
democracy
,
where
citizens
choose
leaders
and
laws
through
free
and
fair
elections
•
After
years
of
dictatorship
,
the
nation
finally
held
its
first
democratic
elections
.
After
years
of
dictatorship
,
the
nation
finally
held
its
first
democratic
elections
.
•
Freedom
of
the
press
is
essential
in
a
democratic
society
.
Freedom
of
the
press
is
essential
in
a
democratic
society
.
From
Greek
dēmos
‘
people
’
+
-cratic
‘
relating
to
rule
’,
appearing
in
English
in
the
18th
century
to
describe
systems
of
popular
government
.
adjective
treating
everyone
as
equal
and
letting
all
people
take
part
in
decisions
•
Our
manager
prefers
a
democratic
style
,
asking
the
whole
team
for
ideas
before
acting
.
Our
manager
prefers
a
democratic
style
,
asking
the
whole
team
for
ideas
before
acting
.
•
The
classroom
became
more
democratic
once
students
helped
write
the
rules
.
The
classroom
became
more
democratic
once
students
helped
write
the
rules
.
Democratic
adjective
relating
to
the
Democratic
Party
of
the
United
States
•
He
has
been
a
loyal
Democratic
voter
for
decades
.
He
has
been
a
loyal
Democratic
voter
for
decades
.
•
The
Democratic
candidate
focused
on
healthcare
reform
during
the
campaign
.
The
Democratic
candidate
focused
on
healthcare
reform
during
the
campaign
.
Capitalized
sense
arose
in
the
mid-19th
century
as
the
proper
adjective
for
members
and
policies
of
the
U
.
S
.
Democratic
Party
.
demonstrate
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
show
how
something
works
or
how
to
do
something
by
actually
doing
it
•
The
chef
demonstrated
how
to
fillet
a
fish
in
front
of
the
cooking
class
.
The
chef
demonstrated
how
to
fillet
a
fish
in
front
of
the
cooking
class
.
•
At
the
trade
fair
,
a
young
engineer
demonstrated
the
new
robot
arm
’
s
precise
movements
.
At
the
trade
fair
,
a
young
engineer
demonstrated
the
new
robot
arm
’
s
precise
movements
.
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
prove
or
make
something
clear
by
providing
evidence
,
facts
,
or
examples
•
The
scientist
demonstrated
that
the
new
medicine
was
safe
by
showing
the
test
results
.
The
scientist
demonstrated
that
the
new
medicine
was
safe
by
showing
the
test
results
.
•
Her
calm
reaction
demonstrated
true
leadership
during
the
sudden
power
outage
.
Her
calm
reaction
demonstrated
true
leadership
during
the
sudden
power
outage
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
demonstrāre
“
to
point
out
,
show
,
prove
,”
from
de-
“
completely
”
+
monstrāre
“
to
show
.”
verb
-
demonstrate
,
demonstrating
,
demonstrates
,
demonstrated
to
take
part
in
a
public
protest
or
march
to
show
support
or
opposition
•
Thousands
of
students
demonstrated
outside
the
parliament
for
climate
action
.
Thousands
of
students
demonstrated
outside
the
parliament
for
climate
action
.
•
Workers
demonstrated
in
the
main
square
,
holding
bright
red
banners
demanding
fair
wages
.
Workers
demonstrated
in
the
main
square
,
holding
bright
red
banners
demanding
fair
wages
.
temperature
noun
how
hot
or
cold
something
is
,
measured
with
a
scale
such
as
degrees
Celsius
or
Fahrenheit
•
The
temperature
dropped
below
freezing
overnight
.
The
temperature
dropped
below
freezing
overnight
.
•
Set
the
oven
to
a
temperature
of
200
degrees
Celsius
before
you
put
in
the
bread
.
Set
the
oven
to
a
temperature
of
200
degrees
Celsius
before
you
put
in
the
bread
.
From
Latin
temperatūra
“
moderation
,
mixture
,
proper
proportion
,”
later
“
degree
of
heat
,”
from
temperāre
“
to
mix
in
proper
proportion
.”
noun
the
level
of
heat
in
a
person
’
s
or
animal
’
s
body
,
used
to
see
if
they
have
a
fever
•
The
nurse
took
my
temperature
with
an
ear
thermometer
.
The
nurse
took
my
temperature
with
an
ear
thermometer
.
•
If
your
temperature
is
above
38
°C
,
you
should
rest
and
drink
plenty
of
water
.
If
your
temperature
is
above
38
°C
,
you
should
rest
and
drink
plenty
of
water
.
Same
origin
as
general
sense
;
use
in
medicine
recorded
since
the
mid-18th
century
.
noun
the
general
level
of
emotion
,
tension
,
or
excitement
in
a
situation
or
group
•
The
moderator
’
s
calm
voice
lowered
the
temperature
of
the
heated
debate
.
The
moderator
’
s
calm
voice
lowered
the
temperature
of
the
heated
debate
.
•
Managers
use
surveys
to
take
the
temperature
of
employee
morale
.
Managers
use
surveys
to
take
the
temperature
of
employee
morale
.
Figurative
extension
recorded
since
the
early
20th
century
,
comparing
social
mood
to
heat
.
operate
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
machine
or
system
)
to
work
or
function
in
the
way
it
was
designed
•
You
must
fix
the
wiring
before
the
elevator
can
operate
again
.
You
must
fix
the
wiring
before
the
elevator
can
operate
again
.
•
My
old
wristwatch
still
operates
perfectly
after
twenty
years
.
My
old
wristwatch
still
operates
perfectly
after
twenty
years
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
to
control
or
use
a
machine
,
device
,
or
piece
of
equipment
•
Only
trained
pilots
are
allowed
to
operate
the
aircraft
.
Only
trained
pilots
are
allowed
to
operate
the
aircraft
.
•
She
learned
to
operate
the
3D
printer
in
one
afternoon
.
She
learned
to
operate
the
3D
printer
in
one
afternoon
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
person
,
company
,
or
service
)
to
carry
out
business
or
be
active
,
especially
in
a
particular
place
or
way
•
The
bakery
will
operate
seven
days
a
week
during
the
holidays
.
The
bakery
will
operate
seven
days
a
week
during
the
holidays
.
•
They
operate
mainly
in
South
America
and
Asia
.
They
operate
mainly
in
South
America
and
Asia
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
to
perform
surgery
on
someone
•
The
surgeon
will
operate
on
the
patient
at
noon
.
The
surgeon
will
operate
on
the
patient
at
noon
.
•
Doctors
had
to
operate
immediately
to
stop
the
bleeding
.
Doctors
had
to
operate
immediately
to
stop
the
bleeding
.
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
(
of
a
law
,
rule
,
or
force
)
to
have
an
effect
or
exert
influence
•
The
new
law
will
operate
to
protect
tenants
from
unfair
rent
increases
.
The
new
law
will
operate
to
protect
tenants
from
unfair
rent
increases
.
•
In
zero
gravity
,
different
physical
laws
operate
.
In
zero
gravity
,
different
physical
laws
operate
.
literature
noun
-
literature
written
works
such
as
novels
,
poems
,
and
plays
that
are
valued
for
their
imaginative
or
artistic
quality
•
During
her
first
year
at
university
,
Anna
chose
to
major
in
literature
because
she
loved
reading
stories
from
around
the
world
.
During
her
first
year
at
university
,
Anna
chose
to
major
in
literature
because
she
loved
reading
stories
from
around
the
world
.
•
The
city
hosts
an
annual
festival
that
celebrates
children
’
s
literature
with
lively
readings
and
puppet
shows
.
The
city
hosts
an
annual
festival
that
celebrates
children
’
s
literature
with
lively
readings
and
puppet
shows
.
from
Latin
litteratura
“
learning
,
writing
,
grammar
,”
from
littera
“
letter
.”
noun
-
literature
all
the
books
,
articles
,
and
other
writings
on
a
particular
subject
,
period
,
or
place
•
Before
starting
her
research
paper
on
renewable
energy
,
Zoe
reviewed
the
scientific
literature
on
the
topic
.
Before
starting
her
research
paper
on
renewable
energy
,
Zoe
reviewed
the
scientific
literature
on
the
topic
.
•
The
professor
asked
us
to
summarize
the
existing
literature
on
bilingual
education
.
The
professor
asked
us
to
summarize
the
existing
literature
on
bilingual
education
.
noun
-
literature
printed
information
such
as
brochures
or
leaflets
used
to
advertise
or
inform
about
products
or
services
•
The
travel
agent
handed
us
glossy
literature
about
several
beach
resorts
.
The
travel
agent
handed
us
glossy
literature
about
several
beach
resorts
.
•
Please
send
me
your
company
’
s
promotional
literature
by
email
.
Please
send
me
your
company
’
s
promotional
literature
by
email
.
corporate
adjective
connected
with
large
companies
or
with
the
business
world
•
The
firm
unveiled
a
new
corporate
logo
to
modernize
its
image
.
The
firm
unveiled
a
new
corporate
logo
to
modernize
its
image
.
•
She
hopes
to
climb
the
corporate
ladder
and
become
a
manager
within
five
years
.
She
hopes
to
climb
the
corporate
ladder
and
become
a
manager
within
five
years
.
From
Latin
corporatus
‘
formed
into
a
body
’,
past
participle
of
corporare
,
from
corpus
‘
body
’.
adjective
shared
by
or
belonging
to
the
whole
group
,
not
just
to
one
person
•
The
clean-up
of
the
beach
was
a
corporate
responsibility
for
all
volunteers
.
The
clean-up
of
the
beach
was
a
corporate
responsibility
for
all
volunteers
.
•
They
joined
in
a
corporate
prayer
for
peace
.
They
joined
in
a
corporate
prayer
for
peace
.
Sense
extension
from
the
idea
of
a
‘
body
’
acting
as
one
.
generate
verb
-
generate
,
generating
,
generates
,
generated
to
produce
or
create
something
such
as
heat
,
electricity
,
feelings
,
or
results
•
The
wind
turbines
on
the
hill
generate
enough
electricity
for
the
entire
village
.
The
wind
turbines
on
the
hill
generate
enough
electricity
for
the
entire
village
.
•
Squeezing
the
hand
warmer
causes
a
reaction
that
generates
heat
within
seconds
.
Squeezing
the
hand
warmer
causes
a
reaction
that
generates
heat
within
seconds
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
generāre
“
to
beget
,
produce
”,
from
genus
“
birth
,
kind
”.
verb
-
generate
,
generating
,
generates
,
generated
to
create
data
,
images
,
or
other
output
automatically
using
a
machine
or
computer
program
•
The
computer
program
can
generate
ten
random
passwords
in
a
second
.
The
computer
program
can
generate
ten
random
passwords
in
a
second
.
•
Clicking
the
button
generates
a
detailed
weather
map
for
the
pilots
.
Clicking
the
button
generates
a
detailed
weather
map
for
the
pilots
.
Same
origin
as
main
sense
:
Latin
generāre
“
to
beget
,
produce
”.
celebrate
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
show
happiness
about
an
event
,
achievement
,
or
special
day
by
doing
something
enjoyable
such
as
having
a
party
,
eating
together
,
or
joining
a
public
festivity
•
After
passing
her
exam
,
Mia
invited
her
friends
over
to
celebrate
.
After
passing
her
exam
,
Mia
invited
her
friends
over
to
celebrate
.
•
Fireworks
lit
the
sky
as
the
city
gathered
to
celebrate
the
national
holiday
.
Fireworks
lit
the
sky
as
the
city
gathered
to
celebrate
the
national
holiday
.
From
Latin
celebrāre
“
to
honor
,
to
frequent
,”
related
to
celeber
“
frequented
,
populous
,
renowned
.”
The
meaning
of
rejoicing
at
an
event
dates
from
the
16th
century
.
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
perform
a
religious
ceremony
,
especially
the
Christian
Mass
or
another
act
of
worship
•
The
priest
will
celebrate
Mass
at
dawn
on
Easter
Sunday
.
The
priest
will
celebrate
Mass
at
dawn
on
Easter
Sunday
.
•
Hundreds
of
faithful
gathered
as
the
bishop
celebrated
the
sacred
liturgy
.
Hundreds
of
faithful
gathered
as
the
bishop
celebrated
the
sacred
liturgy
.
verb
-
celebrate
,
celebrating
,
celebrates
,
celebrated
to
praise
,
honor
,
or
draw
special
attention
to
the
good
qualities
of
someone
or
something
•
Her
new
song
celebrates
the
beauty
of
ordinary
life
.
Her
new
song
celebrates
the
beauty
of
ordinary
life
.
•
The
exhibition
celebrates
the
achievements
of
women
scientists
.
The
exhibition
celebrates
the
achievements
of
women
scientists
.
corporation
noun
a
large
company
that
the
law
treats
as
a
single
organization
,
separate
from
the
people
who
own
or
run
it
•
Mia
was
thrilled
when
she
landed
a
job
at
a
corporation
that
designs
electric
cars
.
Mia
was
thrilled
when
she
landed
a
job
at
a
corporation
that
designs
electric
cars
.
•
The
corporation
announced
that
it
would
open
new
factories
and
create
hundreds
of
jobs
.
The
corporation
announced
that
it
would
open
new
factories
and
create
hundreds
of
jobs
.
From
Latin
corporātiō
(“
a
group
of
people
united
in
one
body
”),
from
corpus
(“
body
”).
noun
humorous
old-fashioned
word
for
a
large
round
stomach
•
Uncle
Joe
patted
his
growing
corporation
after
the
big
holiday
meal
.
Uncle
Joe
patted
his
growing
corporation
after
the
big
holiday
meal
.
•
He
blamed
his
corporation
on
a
love
of
pastries
and
a
dislike
of
exercise
.
He
blamed
his
corporation
on
a
love
of
pastries
and
a
dislike
of
exercise
.
Playful
extension
of
the
main
sense
,
joking
that
a
person
’
s
body
has
incorporated
a
large
amount
of
food
into
one
“
company
.”
noun
in
British
law
in
the
past
,
an
officially
recognized
group
of
people
chosen
to
govern
a
town
or
city
•
Until
the
reforms
of
the
19th
century
,
the
corporation
of
Bristol
had
the
power
to
set
local
taxes
.
Until
the
reforms
of
the
19th
century
,
the
corporation
of
Bristol
had
the
power
to
set
local
taxes
.
•
The
town
’
s
medieval
charter
granted
its
corporation
exclusive
rights
to
run
the
weekly
market
.
The
town
’
s
medieval
charter
granted
its
corporation
exclusive
rights
to
run
the
weekly
market
.
Same
Latin
origin
as
the
commercial
sense
;
this
meaning
developed
in
medieval
England
for
town
governments
incorporated
by
royal
charter
.
immigration
noun
-
immigration
the
process
of
people
moving
to
live
permanently
in
a
country
that
is
not
the
one
where
they
were
born
•
Canada
has
encouraged
immigration
to
increase
its
labour
force
.
Canada
has
encouraged
immigration
to
increase
its
labour
force
.
•
Skilled-worker
immigration
helped
his
family
start
a
new
life
in
Germany
.
Skilled-worker
immigration
helped
his
family
start
a
new
life
in
Germany
.
From
Latin
immigrare
“
to
move
into
,
enter
and
settle
,”
formed
with
the
prefix
in-
“
into
”
and
migrare
“
to
move
,
change
abode
.”
noun
-
immigration
the
place
or
official
checks
at
a
border
,
airport
,
or
port
where
passports
and
visas
are
examined
before
you
are
allowed
into
a
country
•
We
went
through
immigration
quickly
because
the
airport
was
quiet
.
We
went
through
immigration
quickly
because
the
airport
was
quiet
.
•
She
smiled
with
relief
after
clearing
immigration
and
collecting
her
luggage
.
She
smiled
with
relief
after
clearing
immigration
and
collecting
her
luggage
.
Sense
extended
from
the
general
idea
of
‘
immigration
’
to
the
office
and
procedure
handling
it
,
first
recorded
in
the
late
19th
century
as
international
travel
increased
.
separate
adjective
not
joined
,
connected
,
or
combined
with
something
else
•
They
keep
work
and
family
life
in
separate
calendars
.
They
keep
work
and
family
life
in
separate
calendars
.
•
The
campsite
offers
separate
showers
for
men
and
women
.
The
campsite
offers
separate
showers
for
men
and
women
.
Adjective
pronunciation
reduced
to
/ˈseprət/
by
the
mid-18th
century
as
stress
shifted
.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
move
or
divide
people
or
things
so
they
are
no
longer
together
•
The
librarian
separated
the
old
magazines
from
the
new
ones
.
The
librarian
separated
the
old
magazines
from
the
new
ones
.
•
After
the
school
fight
,
a
male
teacher
quickly
separated
the
two
boys
.
After
the
school
fight
,
a
male
teacher
quickly
separated
the
two
boys
.
From
Latin
separare
“
to
put
apart
,
divide
”,
from
se-
“
apart
”
+
parare
“
to
prepare
”.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
stop
living
together
as
a
married
or
romantic
couple
•
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
decided
to
separate
but
remain
friends
.
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
decided
to
separate
but
remain
friends
.
•
My
aunt
and
uncle
separated
last
spring
and
now
live
in
different
cities
.
My
aunt
and
uncle
separated
last
spring
and
now
live
in
different
cities
.
Sense
developed
from
general
meaning
of
“
move
apart
”
in
the
early
17th
century
.
verb
-
separate
,
separating
,
separates
,
separated
to
recognise
and
treat
two
or
more
things
as
different
•
It
can
be
hard
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
on
social
media
.
It
can
be
hard
to
separate
fact
from
opinion
on
social
media
.
•
Experienced
tasters
can
easily
separate
the
flavors
of
chocolate
and
coffee
in
this
dessert
.
Experienced
tasters
can
easily
separate
the
flavors
of
chocolate
and
coffee
in
this
dessert
.
Logical
sense
arose
in
the
19th
century
alongside
advances
in
science
and
philosophy
.
noun
a
piece
of
clothing
,
such
as
a
skirt
or
jacket
,
that
is
designed
to
be
worn
with
others
rather
than
as
part
of
a
fixed
suit
•
She
bought
a
linen
separate
that
pairs
well
with
many
blouses
.
She
bought
a
linen
separate
that
pairs
well
with
many
blouses
.
•
These
wool
separates
are
perfect
for
building
a
winter
wardrobe
.
These
wool
separates
are
perfect
for
building
a
winter
wardrobe
.
Noun
use
for
mix-and-match
garments
began
in
the
1940s
fashion
industry
.
consideration
noun
-
consideration
the
act
of
thinking
carefully
about
something
before
deciding
or
judging
•
After
long
consideration
,
she
accepted
the
job
offer
.
After
long
consideration
,
she
accepted
the
job
offer
.
•
The
proposal
is
still
under
consideration
by
the
committee
.
The
proposal
is
still
under
consideration
by
the
committee
.
From
Latin
“
consideratio
”
meaning
‘
examination
’
or
‘
thought
’.
noun
a
fact
or
detail
that
you
must
think
about
when
deciding
something
•
Cost
is
an
important
consideration
when
choosing
a
hotel
.
Cost
is
an
important
consideration
when
choosing
a
hotel
.
•
Safety
considerations
led
them
to
cancel
the
hike
.
Safety
considerations
led
them
to
cancel
the
hike
.
noun
-
consideration
kind
behaviour
that
shows
you
care
about
other
people's
feelings
and
needs
•
She
showed
great
consideration
by
turning
down
the
music
.
She
showed
great
consideration
by
turning
down
the
music
.
•
Please
have
consideration
for
elderly
passengers
and
give
them
your
seat
.
Please
have
consideration
for
elderly
passengers
and
give
them
your
seat
.
noun
-
consideration
something
of
value
given
by
each
party
in
a
contract
that
makes
the
agreement
legally
binding
•
The
buyer's
payment
served
as
consideration
for
the
seller's
promise
.
The
buyer's
payment
served
as
consideration
for
the
seller's
promise
.
•
Without
consideration
,
a
contract
may
be
unenforceable
.
Without
consideration
,
a
contract
may
be
unenforceable
.
accurate
adjective
free
from
mistakes
or
errors
;
exactly
correct
or
true
•
Make
sure
the
numbers
in
the
report
are
accurate
before
you
send
it
.
Make
sure
the
numbers
in
the
report
are
accurate
before
you
send
it
.
•
The
weather
forecast
was
surprisingly
accurate
today
.
The
weather
forecast
was
surprisingly
accurate
today
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
Latin
accuratus
‘
done
with
care
’,
past
participle
of
accurare
‘
take
care
of
’.
adjective
able
to
hit
or
reach
a
target
or
goal
exactly
;
not
missing
the
intended
point
•
The
archer
’
s
shot
was
accurate
and
hit
the
bullseye
.
The
archer
’
s
shot
was
accurate
and
hit
the
bullseye
.
•
He
threw
an
accurate
pass
that
reached
his
teammate
in
stride
.
He
threw
an
accurate
pass
that
reached
his
teammate
in
stride
.
narrative
noun
a
spoken
or
written
story
that
describes
a
series
of
events
•
Grandma
told
us
a
narrative
about
her
childhood
during
the
war
.
Grandma
told
us
a
narrative
about
her
childhood
during
the
war
.
•
The
film's
gripping
narrative
kept
the
audience
on
the
edge
of
their
seats
.
The
film's
gripping
narrative
kept
the
audience
on
the
edge
of
their
seats
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
French
narratif
,
from
Latin
narrativus
‘
telling
a
story
’,
from
narrare
‘
relate
,
tell
’.
noun
-
narrative
the
act
,
style
,
or
technique
of
telling
a
story
•
The
teacher
praised
Maya's
clear
sense
of
narrative
in
her
essay
.
The
teacher
praised
Maya's
clear
sense
of
narrative
in
her
essay
.
•
Good
narrative
can
turn
simple
facts
into
a
memorable
tale
.
Good
narrative
can
turn
simple
facts
into
a
memorable
tale
.
adjective
relating
to
or
describing
the
telling
of
stories
•
The
novel
uses
a
unique
narrative
structure
.
The
novel
uses
a
unique
narrative
structure
.
•
She
studied
narrative
techniques
at
film
school
.
She
studied
narrative
techniques
at
film
school
.
noun
a
particular
explanation
or
viewpoint
about
events
,
often
promoted
in
politics
or
the
media
•
The
politician
tried
to
shape
the
narrative
surrounding
the
new
law
.
The
politician
tried
to
shape
the
narrative
surrounding
the
new
law
.
•
Social
media
can
quickly
spread
a
false
narrative
.
Social
media
can
quickly
spread
a
false
narrative
.
illustrate
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
add
pictures
,
drawings
,
or
other
visuals
to
a
text
to
make
it
more
attractive
or
easier
to
understand
•
The
children's
storybook
was
beautifully
illustrated
with
bright
watercolor
paintings
.
The
children's
storybook
was
beautifully
illustrated
with
bright
watercolor
paintings
.
•
A
magazine
article
about
ancient
Egypt
was
illustrated
with
detailed
photographs
of
hieroglyphics
.
A
magazine
article
about
ancient
Egypt
was
illustrated
with
detailed
photographs
of
hieroglyphics
.
From
Latin
illustrare
“
make
bright
,
illuminate
,
explain
,
decorate
with
pictures
,”
from
in-
“
in
”
+
lustrare
“
brighten
,
light
up
”.
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
explain
or
make
something
clear
by
giving
examples
,
pictures
,
or
comparisons
•
The
teacher
used
a
simple
diagram
to
illustrate
how
the
water
cycle
works
.
The
teacher
used
a
simple
diagram
to
illustrate
how
the
water
cycle
works
.
•
Let
me
illustrate
my
point
with
a
short
story
about
teamwork
.
Let
me
illustrate
my
point
with
a
short
story
about
teamwork
.
verb
-
illustrate
,
illustrating
,
illustrates
,
illustrated
to
show
clearly
that
something
is
true
or
exists
,
often
by
being
a
typical
example
•
This
map
illustrates
just
how
large
the
desert
region
is
.
This
map
illustrates
just
how
large
the
desert
region
is
.
•
The
sudden
power
outage
illustrated
the
need
for
a
backup
generator
.
The
sudden
power
outage
illustrated
the
need
for
a
backup
generator
.
incorporate
verb
-
incorporate
,
incorporating
,
incorporates
,
incorporated
to
add
or
mix
one
thing
with
others
so
that
it
becomes
part
of
a
larger
whole
•
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
incorporate
more
real-life
examples
in
their
essays
.
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
incorporate
more
real-life
examples
in
their
essays
.
•
She
incorporated
fresh
herbs
into
the
soup
to
give
it
extra
flavor
.
She
incorporated
fresh
herbs
into
the
soup
to
give
it
extra
flavor
.
From
Latin
incorporare
“
to
form
into
a
body
,”
from
in-
“
into
”
+
corpus
“
body
.”
verb
-
incorporate
,
incorporating
,
incorporates
,
incorporated
to
create
a
legal
corporation
,
or
to
become
one
•
After
ten
years
as
a
small
shop
,
the
owners
decided
to
incorporate
to
limit
their
personal
liability
.
After
ten
years
as
a
small
shop
,
the
owners
decided
to
incorporate
to
limit
their
personal
liability
.
•
When
the
startup
incorporates
,
it
will
issue
shares
to
its
founders
.
When
the
startup
incorporates
,
it
will
issue
shares
to
its
founders
.
Same
root
as
general
sense
,
but
specialized
for
business
law
from
18th-century
usage
.
adjective
(
archaic
)
having
no
physical
body
;
not
made
of
matter
•
In
ancient
legends
,
ghosts
were
described
as
incorporate
beings
that
moved
through
walls
.
In
ancient
legends
,
ghosts
were
described
as
incorporate
beings
that
moved
through
walls
.
•
The
philosopher
wrote
of
the
soul
as
an
incorporate
essence
unbound
by
flesh
.
The
philosopher
wrote
of
the
soul
as
an
incorporate
essence
unbound
by
flesh
.
From
Latin
incorporatus
“
not
having
a
body
.”
concentration
noun
the
ability
to
give
all
your
attention
to
one
thought
,
activity
,
or
object
without
being
distracted
•
The
library
was
so
quiet
that
Anna
’
s
concentration
stayed
strong
for
hours
.
The
library
was
so
quiet
that
Anna
’
s
concentration
stayed
strong
for
hours
.
•
Playing
chess
requires
intense
concentration
on
every
possible
move
.
Playing
chess
requires
intense
concentration
on
every
possible
move
.
from
Latin
‘
concentrare
’
meaning
‘
to
bring
to
the
centre
’,
later
used
figuratively
for
mental
focus
noun
the
amount
of
a
substance
present
in
a
mixture
or
solution
compared
with
the
total
amount
of
the
mixture
or
solution
•
A
high
salt
concentration
makes
seawater
unsafe
to
drink
.
A
high
salt
concentration
makes
seawater
unsafe
to
drink
.
•
The
scientist
measured
the
glucose
concentration
in
each
blood
sample
.
The
scientist
measured
the
glucose
concentration
in
each
blood
sample
.
extended
scientific
use
from
sense
of
‘
bringing
substances
together
’
in
the
19th
century
noun
a
large
number
or
amount
of
people
or
things
gathered
in
one
place
•
There
is
a
heavy
concentration
of
restaurants
in
the
city
center
.
There
is
a
heavy
concentration
of
restaurants
in
the
city
center
.
•
The
hurricane
brought
a
dangerous
concentration
of
debris
to
the
shoreline
.
The
hurricane
brought
a
dangerous
concentration
of
debris
to
the
shoreline
.
sense
of
‘
gathering
together
’
appeared
in
English
in
the
17th
century
noun
the
act
of
making
a
liquid
or
substance
stronger
by
removing
water
or
other
diluting
material
•
Fruit
juice
undergoes
concentration
before
it
is
shipped
and
later
diluted
.
Fruit
juice
undergoes
concentration
before
it
is
shipped
and
later
diluted
.
•
Desalination
plants
use
evaporation
for
the
concentration
of
brine
.
Desalination
plants
use
evaporation
for
the
concentration
of
brine
.
derived
from
earlier
sense
of
‘
bringing
together
’
applied
to
liquids
in
the
mid-19th
century
laboratory
noun
-
laboratory
,
laboratories
a
room
or
building
with
special
equipment
where
scientists
,
technicians
,
or
students
carry
out
experiments
,
research
,
or
tests
•
The
students
wore
white
coats
as
they
mixed
chemicals
in
the
school
laboratory
.
The
students
wore
white
coats
as
they
mixed
chemicals
in
the
school
laboratory
.
•
In
the
crime
laboratory
,
a
male
technician
examined
fingerprints
under
a
powerful
microscope
.
In
the
crime
laboratory
,
a
male
technician
examined
fingerprints
under
a
powerful
microscope
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
medieval
Latin
laboratorium
‘
a
place
for
labor
or
work
’,
from
Latin
labor
‘
work
’.
noun
-
laboratory
,
laboratories
a
place
,
situation
,
or
environment
where
new
ideas
,
methods
,
or
activities
are
tested
and
developed
•
Silicon
Valley
is
a
living
laboratory
for
cutting-edge
technology
.
Silicon
Valley
is
a
living
laboratory
for
cutting-edge
technology
.
•
The
island
became
a
real-world
laboratory
of
sustainable
energy
projects
.
The
island
became
a
real-world
laboratory
of
sustainable
energy
projects
.
Extended
figurative
use
dating
from
the
early
20th
century
,
applying
the
idea
of
a
test
environment
to
social
and
creative
fields
.
administrator
noun
a
person
whose
job
is
to
organise
,
manage
,
and
run
the
daily
operations
of
an
organisation
such
as
a
school
,
company
,
or
government
department
•
The
school
administrator
greeted
parents
at
the
entrance
on
the
first
day
of
classes
.
The
school
administrator
greeted
parents
at
the
entrance
on
the
first
day
of
classes
.
•
As
an
administrator
,
Maria
approves
all
budget
requests
before
they
are
sent
to
the
board
.
As
an
administrator
,
Maria
approves
all
budget
requests
before
they
are
sent
to
the
board
.
from
Latin
administrātor
‘
manager
,
steward
’,
from
administrāre
‘
to
manage
’
preparation
noun
the
action
or
process
of
getting
something
or
someone
ready
for
use
,
activity
,
or
an
event
•
After
weeks
of
careful
preparation
,
the
students
finally
presented
their
science
project
.
After
weeks
of
careful
preparation
,
the
students
finally
presented
their
science
project
.
•
Good
preparation
helped
the
marathon
runner
avoid
injuries
during
the
race
.
Good
preparation
helped
the
marathon
runner
avoid
injuries
during
the
race
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
praeparatio
(
n-
),
from
praeparare
‘
make
ready
beforehand
’,
from
prae
‘
before
’
+
parare
‘
make
ready
’.
noun
a
substance
,
mixture
,
or
product
that
has
been
made
ready
for
a
particular
use
•
The
doctor
prescribed
a
herbal
preparation
to
ease
her
cough
.
The
doctor
prescribed
a
herbal
preparation
to
ease
her
cough
.
•
This
vitamin
preparation
should
be
taken
with
food
.
This
vitamin
preparation
should
be
taken
with
food
.
Sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
as
specialized
products
began
to
be
created
for
medicine
,
cooking
,
and
art
.
preparations
noun
the
plans
,
arrangements
,
and
tasks
done
before
an
event
happens
•
Final
preparations
for
the
wedding
were
finished
the
night
before
.
Final
preparations
for
the
wedding
were
finished
the
night
before
.
•
They
made
emergency
preparations
in
case
the
storm
hit
the
town
.
They
made
emergency
preparations
in
case
the
storm
hit
the
town
.
The
plural
sense
emphasizing
collective
arrangements
became
common
in
the
18th
century
,
especially
in
reference
to
social
events
.
strategic
adjective
connected
with
planning
and
directing
actions
to
achieve
a
long-term
or
overall
goal
•
The
company
hired
a
consultant
to
design
a
strategic
roadmap
for
the
next
five
years
.
The
company
hired
a
consultant
to
design
a
strategic
roadmap
for
the
next
five
years
.
•
Good
teachers
take
a
strategic
approach
when
deciding
how
to
present
difficult
ideas
.
Good
teachers
take
a
strategic
approach
when
deciding
how
to
present
difficult
ideas
.
From
strategy
+
-ic
,
first
recorded
in
the
early
19th
century
,
modelling
on
French
stratégique
.
adjective
relating
to
military
planning
intended
to
secure
a
long-term
advantage
or
deterrence
•
The
general
emphasized
the
importance
of
modern
strategic
bombers
in
maintaining
national
security
.
The
general
emphasized
the
importance
of
modern
strategic
bombers
in
maintaining
national
security
.
•
Several
countries
store
strategic
missiles
in
underground
silos
.
Several
countries
store
strategic
missiles
in
underground
silos
.
Adopted
in
military
contexts
from
the
broader
sense
of
strategy
in
the
late
19th
century
.
adjective
done
deliberately
to
gain
an
immediate
or
specific
advantage
•
Maya
made
a
strategic
pause
before
answering
the
tricky
question
.
Maya
made
a
strategic
pause
before
answering
the
tricky
question
.
•
He
placed
the
sample
tray
in
a
strategic
spot
right
by
the
store
entrance
.
He
placed
the
sample
tray
in
a
strategic
spot
right
by
the
store
entrance
.
Extended
figurative
use
from
the
main
sense
of
strategy
,
first
appearing
in
everyday
English
in
the
mid-20th
century
.
concentrate
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
give
all
your
attention
to
one
subject
or
activity
•
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
Please
concentrate
on
the
road
while
you
are
driving
.
•
I
can
’
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
I
can
’
t
concentrate
with
the
television
blaring
in
the
background
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
make
a
liquid
or
substance
thicker
or
stronger
by
removing
water
or
other
elements
•
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
Boil
the
soup
for
ten
minutes
to
concentrate
its
flavor
.
•
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
The
factory
concentrates
orange
juice
before
shipping
it
overseas
.
verb
-
concentrate
,
concentrating
,
concentrates
,
concentrated
to
come
together
,
or
cause
people
or
things
to
come
together
,
in
a
particular
place
•
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
Protesters
began
to
concentrate
outside
the
city
hall
.
•
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
We
should
concentrate
our
forces
near
the
bridge
.
noun
a
thick
or
strong
form
of
a
substance
,
especially
food
or
drink
,
made
by
removing
water
•
Mix
one
part
fruit
concentrate
with
three
parts
water
to
make
juice
.
Mix
one
part
fruit
concentrate
with
three
parts
water
to
make
juice
.
•
She
bought
tomato
concentrate
to
thicken
the
sauce
.
She
bought
tomato
concentrate
to
thicken
the
sauce
.
noun
the
valuable
material
that
remains
after
unwanted
rock
has
been
removed
from
mined
ore
•
The
copper
concentrate
was
shipped
overseas
for
smelting
.
The
copper
concentrate
was
shipped
overseas
for
smelting
.
•
After
processing
,
the
ore
yielded
a
gold
concentrate
ready
for
refining
.
After
processing
,
the
ore
yielded
a
gold
concentrate
ready
for
refining
.
narrator
noun
the
person
,
often
unseen
,
who
tells
the
events
of
a
story
in
a
book
,
play
,
film
,
or
other
medium
•
The
narrator
described
the
snow-covered
mountains
in
a
calm
,
gentle
voice
.
The
narrator
described
the
snow-covered
mountains
in
a
calm
,
gentle
voice
.
•
In
many
detective
novels
,
the
narrator
already
knows
who
committed
the
crime
.
In
many
detective
novels
,
the
narrator
already
knows
who
committed
the
crime
.
From
Latin
nārrātor
(“
relater
,
storyteller
”),
from
nārrō
(“
relate
,
tell
”).
Narrator
noun
-
Narrator
the
built-in
Windows
screen-reader
program
that
reads
text
and
interface
elements
aloud
for
people
who
cannot
easily
see
the
screen
•
After
installing
Windows
,
he
turned
on
Narrator
to
set
up
his
account
without
a
mouse
.
After
installing
Windows
,
he
turned
on
Narrator
to
set
up
his
account
without
a
mouse
.
•
Pressing
Windows-Logo+Ctrl+Enter
starts
Narrator
right
away
.
Pressing
Windows-Logo+Ctrl+Enter
starts
Narrator
right
away
.
Named
by
Microsoft
for
its
function
of
“
narrating
”
on-screen
text
.
cooperation
noun
-
cooperation
the
act
of
working
together
with
other
people
or
groups
to
reach
a
shared
goal
•
The
students'
cooperation
made
the
group
project
fun
and
successful
.
The
students'
cooperation
made
the
group
project
fun
and
successful
.
•
International
scientists
showed
remarkable
cooperation
while
developing
the
vaccine
.
International
scientists
showed
remarkable
cooperation
while
developing
the
vaccine
.
From
Latin
cooperātiō
,
from
cooperārī
“
to
work
together
.”
noun
-
cooperation
the
willingness
to
do
what
someone
asks
or
tells
you
,
by
following
rules
or
instructions
•
Thank
you
for
your
cooperation
during
the
security
screening
.
Thank
you
for
your
cooperation
during
the
security
screening
.
•
The
teacher
asked
for
the
class's
cooperation
in
keeping
the
room
tidy
.
The
teacher
asked
for
the
class's
cooperation
in
keeping
the
room
tidy
.
Same
origin
as
the
primary
sense
,
but
used
in
formal
requests
for
help
or
discipline
.
desperate
adjective
feeling
or
showing
a
loss
of
all
hope
•
After
months
without
work
,
he
felt
desperate
and
alone
.
After
months
without
work
,
he
felt
desperate
and
alone
.
•
The
lost
hikers
grew
desperate
when
their
water
ran
out
.
The
lost
hikers
grew
desperate
when
their
water
ran
out
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Latin
"
desperatus
,"
past
participle
of
"
desperare
"
meaning
“
to
lose
hope
.”
adjective
needing
or
wanting
something
so
much
that
you
will
try
almost
anything
to
get
it
•
I'm
desperate
for
a
cup
of
coffee
this
morning
.
I'm
desperate
for
a
cup
of
coffee
this
morning
.
•
The
plants
were
desperate
for
rain
after
the
long
drought
.
The
plants
were
desperate
for
rain
after
the
long
drought
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
Latin
“
desperare
,”
but
figurative
use
for
strong
need
developed
in
the
19th
century
.
adjective
(
of
an
action
)
showing
reckless
determination
because
all
other
options
seem
to
have
failed
•
In
a
desperate
bid
to
win
,
the
runner
sprinted
despite
his
injury
.
In
a
desperate
bid
to
win
,
the
runner
sprinted
despite
his
injury
.
•
The
doctor
made
a
desperate
attempt
to
restart
the
patient's
heart
.
The
doctor
made
a
desperate
attempt
to
restart
the
patient's
heart
.
Sense
extended
in
the
17th
century
to
actions
taken
when
hope
is
lost
.
operating
verb
-
operate
,
operating
,
operates
,
operated
running
or
controlling
something
so
that
it
works
as
it
should
•
The
technician
is
operating
the
3-D
printer
during
the
demonstration
.
The
technician
is
operating
the
3-D
printer
during
the
demonstration
.
•
Emergency
workers
kept
operating
the
pumps
all
night
to
remove
the
floodwater
.
Emergency
workers
kept
operating
the
pumps
all
night
to
remove
the
floodwater
.
noun
the
activity
of
running
or
controlling
something
so
that
it
works
•
Proper
operating
of
heavy
machinery
reduces
the
risk
of
accidents
.
Proper
operating
of
heavy
machinery
reduces
the
risk
of
accidents
.
•
The
manual
explains
the
operating
of
the
new
coffee
machine
step
by
step
.
The
manual
explains
the
operating
of
the
new
coffee
machine
step
by
step
.
adjective
relating
to
the
normal
working
or
day-to-day
running
of
a
machine
,
business
,
or
system
•
The
company
’
s
operating
costs
fell
after
switching
to
solar
power
.
The
company
’
s
operating
costs
fell
after
switching
to
solar
power
.
•
Always
read
the
operating
instructions
before
starting
the
blender
.
Always
read
the
operating
instructions
before
starting
the
blender
.
celebration
noun
a
joyful
social
event
held
to
mark
a
special
occasion
,
success
,
or
holiday
•
We
held
a
big
celebration
for
Grandma's
90th
birthday
.
We
held
a
big
celebration
for
Grandma's
90th
birthday
.
•
After
winning
the
championship
,
the
team
organized
a
street
celebration
.
After
winning
the
championship
,
the
team
organized
a
street
celebration
.
From
Latin
celebratiō
(“
frequented
,
solemnizing
of
a
day
”).
noun
the
act
of
showing
happiness
or
respect
for
something
through
activities
,
words
,
or
ritual
•
There
was
much
celebration
when
the
results
were
announced
.
There
was
much
celebration
when
the
results
were
announced
.
•
Music
and
dancing
are
forms
of
celebration
in
many
cultures
.
Music
and
dancing
are
forms
of
celebration
in
many
cultures
.
From
Latin
celebratiō
,
same
as
Sense
1
.
moderate
adjective
average
in
amount
,
size
,
or
degree
;
not
extreme
or
excessive
•
We
chose
a
moderate
hike
that
beginners
could
finish
in
two
hours
.
We
chose
a
moderate
hike
that
beginners
could
finish
in
two
hours
.
•
The
soup
has
a
moderate
amount
of
salt
,
making
it
flavorful
but
not
too
salty
.
The
soup
has
a
moderate
amount
of
salt
,
making
it
flavorful
but
not
too
salty
.
verb
-
moderate
,
moderating
,
moderates
,
moderated
to
make
something
less
intense
,
severe
,
or
extreme
•
Drinking
water
before
meals
can
moderate
your
appetite
.
Drinking
water
before
meals
can
moderate
your
appetite
.
•
The
city
planted
more
trees
to
moderate
summer
temperatures
.
The
city
planted
more
trees
to
moderate
summer
temperatures
.
verb
-
moderate
,
moderating
,
moderates
,
moderated
to
guide
and
control
a
discussion
,
debate
,
or
meeting
in
a
fair
and
orderly
way
•
The
teacher
will
moderate
the
debate
between
the
two
teams
.
The
teacher
will
moderate
the
debate
between
the
two
teams
.
•
She
was
invited
to
moderate
an
online
panel
on
renewable
energy
.
She
was
invited
to
moderate
an
online
panel
on
renewable
energy
.
noun
a
person
whose
opinions
are
not
extreme
and
who
seeks
a
middle
position
between
opposing
views
•
He
considers
himself
a
political
moderate
rather
than
an
extremist
.
He
considers
himself
a
political
moderate
rather
than
an
extremist
.
•
The
new
law
was
crafted
by
a
coalition
of
moderates
from
both
parties
.
The
new
law
was
crafted
by
a
coalition
of
moderates
from
both
parties
.
grateful
adjective
feeling
or
showing
thanks
for
something
received
or
done
•
After
the
storm
,
the
townspeople
were
deeply
grateful
to
the
firefighters
who
rescued
them
.
After
the
storm
,
the
townspeople
were
deeply
grateful
to
the
firefighters
who
rescued
them
.
•
Mia
felt
grateful
when
her
friend
brought
her
soup
while
she
was
sick
.
Mia
felt
grateful
when
her
friend
brought
her
soup
while
she
was
sick
.
From
Latin
grātus
meaning
"
pleasing
,
thankful
"
+
the
suffix
-ful
.
adjective
(
literary
,
archaic
)
giving
or
causing
pleasure
;
pleasant
to
the
senses
•
They
rested
under
the
grateful
shade
of
an
old
oak
on
the
hot
afternoon
.
They
rested
under
the
grateful
shade
of
an
old
oak
on
the
hot
afternoon
.
•
A
grateful
breeze
drifted
through
the
hall
,
carrying
the
scent
of
jasmine
.
A
grateful
breeze
drifted
through
the
hall
,
carrying
the
scent
of
jasmine
.
Same
origin
as
the
modern
sense
:
from
Latin
grātus
"
pleasing
";
this
older
meaning
survives
mainly
in
literary
contexts
.
operator
noun
someone
whose
job
is
to
control
a
machine
,
vehicle
,
or
system
•
The
escalator
stopped
because
the
operator
turned
it
off
for
maintenance
.
The
escalator
stopped
because
the
operator
turned
it
off
for
maintenance
.
•
A
skilled
crane
operator
lifted
the
steel
beams
into
place
.
A
skilled
crane
operator
lifted
the
steel
beams
into
place
.
From
Latin
“
operator
”
meaning
‘
worker
’,
from
“
operārī
” ‘
to
work
’.
noun
a
person
whose
job
is
to
connect
telephone
calls
and
give
information
to
callers
•
When
I
dialed
zero
,
the
operator
asked
which
department
I
wanted
.
When
I
dialed
zero
,
the
operator
asked
which
department
I
wanted
.
•
In
old
movies
,
you
often
see
a
telephone
operator
plugging
cables
into
a
big
board
.
In
old
movies
,
you
often
see
a
telephone
operator
plugging
cables
into
a
big
board
.
Extension
of
the
general
sense
‘
one
who
operates
’,
applied
to
early
telephone
switchboards
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
a
symbol
or
word
in
mathematics
or
computing
that
tells
the
system
to
perform
a
particular
calculation
or
action
•
In
the
equation
3
+
2
,
the
plus
sign
is
an
operator
.
In
the
equation
3
+
2
,
the
plus
sign
is
an
operator
.
•
Use
the
multiplication
operator
*
to
find
the
product
of
two
numbers
in
the
program
.
Use
the
multiplication
operator
*
to
find
the
product
of
two
numbers
in
the
program
.
Technical
use
developed
in
the
19th
century
to
name
symbols
that
‘
operate
’
on
numbers
or
variables
.
noun
informal
:
someone
who
is
very
good
at
making
deals
or
getting
what
they
want
,
often
in
a
clever
or
sometimes
dishonest
way
•
Jake
is
a
real
operator
;
he
always
walks
away
with
the
best
bargain
.
Jake
is
a
real
operator
;
he
always
walks
away
with
the
best
bargain
.
•
The
smooth
operator
convinced
investors
to
fund
his
risky
scheme
.
The
smooth
operator
convinced
investors
to
fund
his
risky
scheme
.
Metaphorical
extension
from
‘
one
who
works
machinery
’
to
‘
one
who
skillfully
works
situations
’,
attested
since
the
early
20th
century
.
administrative
adjective
connected
with
planning
,
organizing
,
and
managing
the
ordinary
,
everyday
work
of
a
business
,
school
,
or
other
organization
•
Maria
handles
the
administrative
paperwork
for
the
entire
department
.
Maria
handles
the
administrative
paperwork
for
the
entire
department
.
•
The
company
hired
an
assistant
to
reduce
the
manager's
administrative
burden
.
The
company
hired
an
assistant
to
reduce
the
manager's
administrative
burden
.
From
Latin
administrativus
“
serving
,
helping
to
manage
,”
from
administrare
“
to
manage
.”
adjective
relating
to
official
actions
,
rules
,
or
decisions
made
by
government
departments
or
public
agencies
rather
than
by
courts
•
The
agency
issued
an
administrative
order
to
close
the
unsafe
factory
.
The
agency
issued
an
administrative
order
to
close
the
unsafe
factory
.
•
She
specializes
in
administrative
law
and
represents
clients
in
disputes
with
government
departments
.
She
specializes
in
administrative
law
and
represents
clients
in
disputes
with
government
departments
.
Same
root
as
Sense
1
;
modern
legal
use
dates
from
the
19th-century
growth
of
government
agencies
.
inspiration
noun
a
sudden
clever
idea
or
strong
feeling
that
makes
you
want
to
create
or
do
something
•
While
sketching
in
the
park
,
Mia
felt
a
surge
of
inspiration
and
quickly
drew
a
new
character
.
While
sketching
in
the
park
,
Mia
felt
a
surge
of
inspiration
and
quickly
drew
a
new
character
.
•
The
chef
found
bold
inspiration
in
the
colorful
piles
of
peppers
and
herbs
at
the
farmers'
market
.
The
chef
found
bold
inspiration
in
the
colorful
piles
of
peppers
and
herbs
at
the
farmers'
market
.
from
Latin
‘
inspirare
’
meaning
‘
breathe
into
’
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
makes
you
want
to
do
something
better
or
be
creative
•
Grandma
,
who
learned
to
surf
at
70
,
is
an
inspiration
to
the
whole
family
.
Grandma
,
who
learned
to
surf
at
70
,
is
an
inspiration
to
the
whole
family
.
•
The
Paralympic
athletes
are
a
powerful
inspiration
for
young
people
everywhere
.
The
Paralympic
athletes
are
a
powerful
inspiration
for
young
people
everywhere
.
same
root
as
sense
1
,
but
used
for
a
person
or
thing
that
‘
breathes
life
’
into
effort
noun
-
inspiration
the
act
of
drawing
air
into
the
lungs
;
inhalation
•
During
deep
breathing
exercises
,
slow
inspiration
fills
the
lungs
with
fresh
air
.
During
deep
breathing
exercises
,
slow
inspiration
fills
the
lungs
with
fresh
air
.
•
Proper
diaphragm
movement
is
essential
for
efficient
inspiration
.
Proper
diaphragm
movement
is
essential
for
efficient
inspiration
.
adopted
in
anatomy
to
keep
the
original
Latin
sense
of
‘
breathing
in
’
integrate
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
combine
two
or
more
parts
so
they
work
together
or
form
a
complete
whole
•
The
new
software
integrates
all
the
company
’
s
data
into
one
easy-to-use
dashboard
.
The
new
software
integrates
all
the
company
’
s
data
into
one
easy-to-use
dashboard
.
•
Architects
worked
hard
to
integrate
the
ancient
stone
walls
with
the
modern
glass
facade
.
Architects
worked
hard
to
integrate
the
ancient
stone
walls
with
the
modern
glass
facade
.
From
Latin
‘
integratus
’,
past
participle
of
‘
integrare
’
meaning
‘
to
make
whole
’.
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
bring
people
of
different
races
,
cultures
,
or
social
groups
together
so
they
can
participate
equally
•
The
school
was
one
of
the
first
in
the
country
to
integrate
students
of
all
races
.
The
school
was
one
of
the
first
in
the
country
to
integrate
students
of
all
races
.
•
The
company
launched
workshops
to
help
immigrant
workers
integrate
into
the
local
community
.
The
company
launched
workshops
to
help
immigrant
workers
integrate
into
the
local
community
.
verb
-
integrate
,
integrating
,
integrates
,
integrated
to
calculate
the
integral
of
a
function
in
mathematics
•
In
calculus
class
,
we
learned
how
to
integrate
x
squared
to
get
one-third
x
cubed
plus
C
.
In
calculus
class
,
we
learned
how
to
integrate
x
squared
to
get
one-third
x
cubed
plus
C
.
•
Engineers
must
integrate
the
velocity
function
to
find
the
distance
traveled
.
Engineers
must
integrate
the
velocity
function
to
find
the
distance
traveled
.
frustration
noun
-
frustration
a
feeling
of
anger
,
disappointment
,
or
worry
because
you
cannot
do
or
achieve
something
•
After
trying
to
open
the
stuck
jar
for
ten
minutes
,
Leo
groaned
in
frustration
.
After
trying
to
open
the
stuck
jar
for
ten
minutes
,
Leo
groaned
in
frustration
.
•
Sofia
slammed
her
laptop
shut
in
sheer
frustration
when
the
internet
dropped
during
her
video
call
.
Sofia
slammed
her
laptop
shut
in
sheer
frustration
when
the
internet
dropped
during
her
video
call
.
From
Latin
frustratio
“
disappointment
,
deceit
”,
from
frustra
“
in
vain
,
for
nothing
”.
noun
something
that
makes
you
feel
annoyed
because
it
stops
you
from
succeeding
or
feeling
satisfied
•
Slow
customer
service
is
a
common
frustration
for
diners
at
the
café
.
Slow
customer
service
is
a
common
frustration
for
diners
at
the
café
.
•
One
major
frustration
of
apartment
living
is
noisy
neighbors
.
One
major
frustration
of
apartment
living
is
noisy
neighbors
.
noun
-
frustration
the
act
of
preventing
a
plan
,
effort
,
or
desire
from
being
achieved
•
The
sudden
storm
resulted
in
the
frustration
of
their
rescue
mission
.
The
sudden
storm
resulted
in
the
frustration
of
their
rescue
mission
.
•
The
walls
were
built
for
the
complete
frustration
of
any
attack
.
The
walls
were
built
for
the
complete
frustration
of
any
attack
.
demonstration
noun
the
act
of
clearly
showing
or
explaining
how
something
works
or
how
to
do
something
•
The
science
teacher
gave
a
demonstration
of
the
volcano
experiment
,
and
the
students
cheered
when
it
erupted
.
The
science
teacher
gave
a
demonstration
of
the
volcano
experiment
,
and
the
students
cheered
when
it
erupted
.
•
Before
using
the
new
coffeemaker
,
Marco
watched
an
online
demonstration
to
understand
all
the
buttons
.
Before
using
the
new
coffeemaker
,
Marco
watched
an
online
demonstration
to
understand
all
the
buttons
.
Late
15th
century
,
from
Latin
demonstratio
“
pointing
out
,
proof
”,
from
demonstrare
“
to
point
out
,
show
”.
noun
a
public
gathering
of
people
marching
or
standing
together
to
show
their
support
for
or
protest
against
something
•
Thousands
joined
the
peaceful
demonstration
calling
for
cleaner
air
in
the
city
center
.
Thousands
joined
the
peaceful
demonstration
calling
for
cleaner
air
in
the
city
center
.
•
Police
redirected
traffic
to
make
space
for
the
demonstration
outside
the
parliament
building
.
Police
redirected
traffic
to
make
space
for
the
demonstration
outside
the
parliament
building
.
Same
Latin
origin
as
sense
1
;
political
use
emerged
in
the
19th
century
to
describe
public
shows
of
opinion
.
noun
something
that
clearly
proves
a
fact
or
shows
that
a
statement
is
true
•
Her
quick
recovery
was
a
strong
demonstration
of
the
benefits
of
regular
exercise
.
Her
quick
recovery
was
a
strong
demonstration
of
the
benefits
of
regular
exercise
.
•
The
experiment
provided
clear
demonstration
that
plants
grow
faster
under
blue
light
.
The
experiment
provided
clear
demonstration
that
plants
grow
faster
under
blue
light
.
From
Latin
demonstratio
“
proof
”,
emphasizing
the
idea
of
showing
something
to
be
true
.
illustration
noun
a
picture
,
drawing
,
or
diagram
used
to
decorate
or
explain
something
written
•
The
children's
book
is
full
of
colorful
illustrations
that
bring
the
story
to
life
.
The
children's
book
is
full
of
colorful
illustrations
that
bring
the
story
to
life
.
•
A
detailed
illustration
shows
exactly
how
the
engine
is
assembled
.
A
detailed
illustration
shows
exactly
how
the
engine
is
assembled
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
illustratio
(
n-
) ‘
explanation
,
enlightening
’,
from
illustrare
‘
light
up
’
noun
something
that
serves
as
an
example
to
make
an
idea
,
rule
,
or
process
easier
to
understand
•
As
an
illustration
of
teamwork
,
the
coach
told
the
story
of
ants
building
a
bridge
.
As
an
illustration
of
teamwork
,
the
coach
told
the
story
of
ants
building
a
bridge
.
•
The
chart
provides
a
clear
illustration
of
the
rising
costs
.
The
chart
provides
a
clear
illustration
of
the
rising
costs
.
Same
origin
as
sense
1
;
later
extended
to
mean
"
exemplification
"
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
the
art
or
process
of
creating
pictures
to
accompany
or
explain
text
•
She
studied
illustration
at
art
school
.
She
studied
illustration
at
art
school
.
•
Digital
illustration
is
becoming
more
popular
among
magazine
artists
.
Digital
illustration
is
becoming
more
popular
among
magazine
artists
.
Sense
developed
in
the
late
19th
century
as
printing
technologies
advanced
,
highlighting
the
craft
of
creating
artwork
for
reproduction
.
collaboration
noun
the
activity
of
working
together
with
other
people
or
groups
to
achieve
a
shared
goal
•
The
engineers
and
designers
improved
the
product
through
close
collaboration
.
The
engineers
and
designers
improved
the
product
through
close
collaboration
.
•
The
school's
music
festival
was
a
collaboration
between
students
and
teachers
.
The
school's
music
festival
was
a
collaboration
between
students
and
teachers
.
mid-19th
century
:
from
Latin
collaborare
‘
work
together
’
+
‑ion
noun
the
act
of
helping
or
cooperating
with
an
enemy
force
that
has
occupied
your
country
•
During
the
war
,
he
was
accused
of
collaboration
with
the
invaders
.
During
the
war
,
he
was
accused
of
collaboration
with
the
invaders
.
•
Acts
of
collaboration
were
harshly
punished
after
liberation
.
Acts
of
collaboration
were
harshly
punished
after
liberation
.
sense
emerged
during
the
First
and
Second
World
Wars
,
extending
the
general
idea
of
working
together
to
refer
specifically
to
aiding
an
occupying
enemy
integration
noun
the
act
or
process
of
combining
separate
parts
or
systems
so
that
they
work
together
as
a
single
unit
•
The
integration
of
renewable
energy
sources
into
the
national
power
grid
is
speeding
up
every
year
.
The
integration
of
renewable
energy
sources
into
the
national
power
grid
is
speeding
up
every
year
.
•
Our
new
software
update
offers
seamless
integration
with
popular
cloud-storage
services
.
Our
new
software
update
offers
seamless
integration
with
popular
cloud-storage
services
.
From
Latin
integrātiō
,
meaning
“
renewal
,
making
whole
,”
based
on
integer
“
whole
.”
noun
the
process
of
bringing
people
of
different
races
,
cultures
,
or
social
groups
into
equal
membership
in
a
society
or
organization
•
The
civil
rights
movement
fought
for
the
integration
of
public
schools
in
the
1960s
.
The
civil
rights
movement
fought
for
the
integration
of
public
schools
in
the
1960s
.
•
Language
classes
can
speed
up
the
integration
of
immigrants
into
the
community
.
Language
classes
can
speed
up
the
integration
of
immigrants
into
the
community
.
Sense
developed
in
the
mid-20th
century
to
describe
the
end
of
legal
racial
segregation
,
extending
the
older
idea
of
“
making
whole
”
to
society
.
noun
in
mathematics
,
the
operation
of
finding
the
integral
of
a
function
,
which
measures
the
area
under
its
curve
or
accumulates
quantities
•
In
calculus
class
we
used
integration
to
calculate
the
distance
a
car
traveled
from
its
velocity
graph
.
In
calculus
class
we
used
integration
to
calculate
the
distance
a
car
traveled
from
its
velocity
graph
.
•
Numerical
integration
methods
like
the
trapezoidal
rule
are
useful
when
an
exact
formula
is
impossible
.
Numerical
integration
methods
like
the
trapezoidal
rule
are
useful
when
an
exact
formula
is
impossible
.
Adopted
into
mathematics
in
the
late
17th
century
from
the
general
Latin
meaning
of
“
making
whole
,”
describing
the
act
of
summing
infinitely
many
parts
into
one
quantity
.
separation
noun
the
space
or
distance
that
exists
between
two
things
•
There
is
a
ten-meter
separation
between
the
two
runners
at
the
finish
line
.
There
is
a
ten-meter
separation
between
the
two
runners
at
the
finish
line
.
•
The
architect
recommended
a
wider
separation
between
the
buildings
for
safety
.
The
architect
recommended
a
wider
separation
between
the
buildings
for
safety
.
noun
the
act
or
process
of
moving
people
or
things
apart
,
or
the
state
of
being
apart
•
The
separation
of
recyclable
materials
helps
reduce
waste
.
The
separation
of
recyclable
materials
helps
reduce
waste
.
•
Careful
separation
of
the
two
fighting
dogs
prevented
injuries
.
Careful
separation
of
the
two
fighting
dogs
prevented
injuries
.
noun
a
situation
in
which
a
married
couple
decides
to
live
apart
without
divorcing
•
After
fifteen
years
together
,
they
agreed
on
a
trial
separation
to
work
on
their
problems
.
After
fifteen
years
together
,
they
agreed
on
a
trial
separation
to
work
on
their
problems
.
•
The
children's
routine
changed
very
little
during
their
parents'
separation
.
The
children's
routine
changed
very
little
during
their
parents'
separation
.
noun
a
scientific
or
industrial
process
that
divides
a
mixture
into
its
different
parts
•
Centrifuges
speed
up
the
separation
of
blood
components
in
medical
labs
.
Centrifuges
speed
up
the
separation
of
blood
components
in
medical
labs
.
•
The
company
specializes
in
oil-water
separation
technology
for
offshore
rigs
.
The
company
specializes
in
oil-water
separation
technology
for
offshore
rigs
.
declaration
noun
A
clear
public
or
official
statement
that
tells
people
what
you
think
,
feel
,
or
plan
.
•
During
the
press
conference
,
the
mayor
made
a
declaration
of
support
for
the
new
park
.
During
the
press
conference
,
the
mayor
made
a
declaration
of
support
for
the
new
park
.
•
He
opened
the
letter
with
the
bold
declaration
“
I
love
you
.”
He
opened
the
letter
with
the
bold
declaration
“
I
love
you
.”
Late
Middle
English
from
Latin
declaratio
,
from
declarare
meaning
“
to
make
clear
.”
noun
A
written
statement
that
you
must
give
to
an
authority
,
listing
facts
such
as
what
goods
you
are
bringing
into
a
country
or
details
needed
by
a
court
.
•
At
the
airport
,
travelers
must
fill
out
a
customs
declaration
before
entering
the
country
.
At
the
airport
,
travelers
must
fill
out
a
customs
declaration
before
entering
the
country
.
•
The
witness
signed
a
sworn
declaration
for
the
court
.
The
witness
signed
a
sworn
declaration
for
the
court
.
noun
In
computer
programming
,
a
line
of
code
that
introduces
a
variable
,
function
,
or
other
item
and
gives
its
name
and
basic
properties
.
•
The
student
learned
how
to
write
a
variable
declaration
in
Java
.
The
student
learned
how
to
write
a
variable
declaration
in
Java
.
•
Without
a
function
declaration
,
the
program
would
not
compile
correctly
.
Without
a
function
declaration
,
the
program
would
not
compile
correctly
.
noun
In
cricket
,
the
act
of
a
captain
ending
the
team
’
s
innings
before
all
players
are
out
.
•
After
scoring
450
runs
,
the
captain
made
a
surprise
declaration
.
After
scoring
450
runs
,
the
captain
made
a
surprise
declaration
.
•
The
early
declaration
gave
the
bowlers
extra
time
to
win
the
match
.
The
early
declaration
gave
the
bowlers
extra
time
to
win
the
match
.
exploration
noun
the
act
of
traveling
through
or
over
a
place
that
is
unfamiliar
in
order
to
discover
what
it
is
like
•
Early
astronauts
risked
their
lives
in
the
exploration
of
outer
space
.
Early
astronauts
risked
their
lives
in
the
exploration
of
outer
space
.
•
The
kids
set
off
on
an
afternoon
exploration
of
the
nearby
forest
,
armed
with
maps
and
snacks
.
The
kids
set
off
on
an
afternoon
exploration
of
the
nearby
forest
,
armed
with
maps
and
snacks
.
late
15th
century
,
from
Latin
exploratio
“
investigation
,
scouting
,”
from
explorare
“
search
out
,
investigate
.”
noun
a
careful
study
or
discussion
of
an
idea
,
subject
,
or
feeling
in
order
to
understand
it
better
•
The
novel
is
an
exploration
of
loneliness
and
human
connection
.
The
novel
is
an
exploration
of
loneliness
and
human
connection
.
•
His
lecture
offered
a
deep
exploration
of
climate
change
ethics
.
His
lecture
offered
a
deep
exploration
of
climate
change
ethics
.
same
origin
as
sense
1
,
applied
figuratively
from
17th
century
onward
to
intellectual
investigation
.
noun
a
medical
procedure
in
which
a
surgeon
or
doctor
looks
inside
the
body
to
find
the
cause
of
a
problem
•
The
patient
underwent
an
abdominal
exploration
to
locate
the
source
of
internal
bleeding
.
The
patient
underwent
an
abdominal
exploration
to
locate
the
source
of
internal
bleeding
.
•
If
imaging
is
inconclusive
,
surgical
exploration
may
be
necessary
.
If
imaging
is
inconclusive
,
surgical
exploration
may
be
necessary
.
medical
use
recorded
since
mid-19th
century
,
extending
the
general
sense
of
‘
searching
’
to
surgical
practice
.
registration
noun
the
act
of
putting
a
person
’
s
or
thing
’
s
name
and
details
on
an
official
list
•
Online
registration
for
the
summer
camp
opens
at
9
a
.
m
.
tomorrow
.
Online
registration
for
the
summer
camp
opens
at
9
a
.
m
.
tomorrow
.
•
When
we
reached
the
hotel
,
the
registration
took
only
a
few
minutes
at
the
front
desk
.
When
we
reached
the
hotel
,
the
registration
took
only
a
few
minutes
at
the
front
desk
.
Late
14th
century
,
from
Latin
“
registrare
”
meaning
“
to
record
in
writing
,”
via
Medieval
Latin
“
registratio
”.
noun
an
official
document
,
number
,
or
plate
that
shows
something
is
registered
•
The
police
officer
asked
to
see
the
car's
registration
and
insurance
card
.
The
police
officer
asked
to
see
the
car's
registration
and
insurance
card
.
•
Don't
forget
to
renew
your
vehicle
registration
before
it
expires
.
Don't
forget
to
renew
your
vehicle
registration
before
it
expires
.
noun
in
organ
music
,
the
choice
and
combination
of
stops
to
create
a
particular
sound
•
The
organist
adjusted
the
registration
to
create
a
softer
sound
for
the
hymn
.
The
organist
adjusted
the
registration
to
create
a
softer
sound
for
the
hymn
.
•
Each
piece
in
the
recital
demanded
a
different
registration
.
Each
piece
in
the
recital
demanded
a
different
registration
.
noun
in
printing
,
the
exact
alignment
of
colors
or
images
so
they
line
up
perfectly
on
the
page
•
The
poster
looked
blurry
because
the
registration
was
off
by
a
hair
.
The
poster
looked
blurry
because
the
registration
was
off
by
a
hair
.
•
She
checked
the
crosshairs
to
make
sure
the
registration
marks
matched
.
She
checked
the
crosshairs
to
make
sure
the
registration
marks
matched
.
carbohydrate
noun
foods
containing
sugars
or
starches
,
or
the
nutrient
itself
,
that
the
body
breaks
down
to
get
energy
•
Bread
and
pasta
are
high
in
carbohydrate
,
which
helps
runners
keep
their
energy
up
.
Bread
and
pasta
are
high
in
carbohydrate
,
which
helps
runners
keep
their
energy
up
.
•
People
with
diabetes
often
monitor
how
much
carbohydrate
they
eat
at
each
meal
.
People
with
diabetes
often
monitor
how
much
carbohydrate
they
eat
at
each
meal
.
Sense
extended
from
the
chemical
term
to
the
dietary
nutrient
in
the
early
20th
century
.
noun
an
organic
compound
made
of
carbon
,
hydrogen
,
and
oxygen
that
living
things
use
for
energy
,
such
as
sugars
,
starches
,
and
cellulose
•
Glucose
,
a
simple
carbohydrate
,
fuels
many
of
the
body
’
s
basic
activities
.
Glucose
,
a
simple
carbohydrate
,
fuels
many
of
the
body
’
s
basic
activities
.
•
The
cellulose
in
plant
cell
walls
is
a
complex
carbohydrate
that
gives
stems
their
strength
.
The
cellulose
in
plant
cell
walls
is
a
complex
carbohydrate
that
gives
stems
their
strength
.
19th-century
scientific
coinage
from
‘
carbo-
’ (
carbon
)
+
‘
hydrate
’ (
compound
with
water
),
because
the
general
formula
was
thought
to
be
Cx
(
H2O
)
y
.
cooperate
verb
-
cooperate
,
cooperating
,
cooperates
,
cooperated
to
work
together
with
another
person
or
group
so
that
you
can
all
reach
the
same
goal
•
The
two
companies
agreed
to
cooperate
on
developing
new
electric
cars
.
The
two
companies
agreed
to
cooperate
on
developing
new
electric
cars
.
•
During
the
group
project
,
all
the
students
cooperated
to
finish
the
model
on
time
.
During
the
group
project
,
all
the
students
cooperated
to
finish
the
model
on
time
.
From
Latin
cooperārī
,
from
co-
(“
together
”)
+
operārī
(“
to
work
”).
verb
-
cooperate
,
cooperating
,
cooperates
,
cooperated
to
be
helpful
by
doing
what
someone
asks
or
expects
you
to
do
,
especially
an
authority
•
The
suspect
refused
to
cooperate
with
the
police
during
questioning
.
The
suspect
refused
to
cooperate
with
the
police
during
questioning
.
•
Please
cooperate
and
stay
seated
until
the
airplane
has
stopped
.
Please
cooperate
and
stay
seated
until
the
airplane
has
stopped
.
Same
origin
as
other
sense
:
from
Latin
cooperārī
,
meaning
“
work
together
.”
pirate
noun
a
person
who
attacks
and
robs
ships
at
sea
•
The
fearsome
pirate
raised
a
black
flag
as
his
ship
closed
in
on
the
merchant
vessel
.
The
fearsome
pirate
raised
a
black
flag
as
his
ship
closed
in
on
the
merchant
vessel
.
•
Children
at
the
party
dressed
up
as
pirates
and
searched
for
hidden
treasure
in
the
backyard
.
Children
at
the
party
dressed
up
as
pirates
and
searched
for
hidden
treasure
in
the
backyard
.
From
Latin
‘
pirata
’,
through
Old
French
and
Middle
English
,
originally
meaning
‘
sea
robber
’.
noun
someone
who
illegally
copies
and
distributes
music
,
movies
,
software
,
or
other
copyrighted
material
•
The
court
fined
the
notorious
software
pirate
for
distributing
cracked
programs
online
.
The
court
fined
the
notorious
software
pirate
for
distributing
cracked
programs
online
.
•
Streaming
services
have
reduced
the
number
of
pirates
who
used
to
share
movies
illegally
.
Streaming
services
have
reduced
the
number
of
pirates
who
used
to
share
movies
illegally
.
Extended
meaning
from
the
original
‘
sea
robber
’
to
‘
intellectual
property
thief
’
in
the
20th
century
.
verb
-
pirate
,
pirating
,
pirates
,
pirated
to
attack
and
rob
ships
at
sea
•
During
the
golden
age
of
sailing
,
crews
would
pirate
merchant
ships
for
their
gold
.
During
the
golden
age
of
sailing
,
crews
would
pirate
merchant
ships
for
their
gold
.
•
They
plotted
to
pirate
the
cargo
once
the
vessel
reached
open
waters
.
They
plotted
to
pirate
the
cargo
once
the
vessel
reached
open
waters
.
verb
-
pirate
,
pirating
,
pirates
,
pirated
to
illegally
copy
and
share
music
,
movies
,
software
,
or
other
copyrighted
material
•
Some
people
still
pirate
movies
instead
of
paying
for
legal
copies
.
Some
people
still
pirate
movies
instead
of
paying
for
legal
copies
.
•
She
refuses
to
pirate
e-books
,
preferring
to
support
her
favorite
authors
.
She
refuses
to
pirate
e-books
,
preferring
to
support
her
favorite
authors
.
tolerate
verb
-
tolerate
,
tolerating
,
tolerates
,
tolerated
to
allow
something
you
dislike
or
disagree
with
to
happen
or
exist
without
trying
to
stop
it
•
The
teacher
will
not
tolerate
bullying
in
her
classroom
.
The
teacher
will
not
tolerate
bullying
in
her
classroom
.
•
His
parents
tolerate
loud
music
as
long
as
he
finishes
his
homework
.
His
parents
tolerate
loud
music
as
long
as
he
finishes
his
homework
.
From
Latin
tolerāre
“
to
bear
,
endure
.”
verb
-
tolerate
,
tolerating
,
tolerates
,
tolerated
to
be
able
to
continue
,
survive
,
or
function
despite
something
unpleasant
or
difficult
•
These
desert
plants
tolerate
extreme
heat
and
little
water
.
These
desert
plants
tolerate
extreme
heat
and
little
water
.
•
Most
people
cannot
tolerate
working
without
breaks
for
twelve
hours
straight
.
Most
people
cannot
tolerate
working
without
breaks
for
twelve
hours
straight
.
Extended
sense
of
‘
endure
’
appeared
in
English
in
the
17th
century
.
verb
-
tolerate
,
tolerating
,
tolerates
,
tolerated
(
medicine
)
if
a
body
or
patient
can
tolerate
a
drug
,
food
,
or
treatment
,
it
does
not
harm
them
or
cause
bad
side
effects
•
Some
patients
cannot
tolerate
penicillin
and
need
alternative
antibiotics
.
Some
patients
cannot
tolerate
penicillin
and
need
alternative
antibiotics
.
•
After
a
few
days
,
her
stomach
could
tolerate
solid
food
again
.
After
a
few
days
,
her
stomach
could
tolerate
solid
food
again
.
Medical
use
developed
from
general
sense
of
‘
bear
without
harm
’.
migration
noun
the
movement
of
large
groups
of
people
from
one
place
or
country
to
another
to
live
or
work
•
After
the
war
,
the
country
saw
a
massive
wave
of
migration
to
safer
neighboring
nations
.
After
the
war
,
the
country
saw
a
massive
wave
of
migration
to
safer
neighboring
nations
.
•
Industrial
growth
in
the
city
triggered
rapid
rural-to-urban
migration
.
Industrial
growth
in
the
city
triggered
rapid
rural-to-urban
migration
.
From
Latin
migratio
“
a
removal
,
change
of
abode
,”
from
migrare
“
to
move
from
one
place
to
another
.”
noun
the
regular
seasonal
movement
of
animals
from
one
place
to
another
•
Tourists
gather
each
year
to
watch
the
dramatic
migration
of
wildebeests
across
the
river
.
Tourists
gather
each
year
to
watch
the
dramatic
migration
of
wildebeests
across
the
river
.
•
The
monarch
butterflies
begin
their
long
southward
migration
in
autumn
.
The
monarch
butterflies
begin
their
long
southward
migration
in
autumn
.
Same
origin
as
general
sense
:
Latin
migratio
,
but
applied
to
animal
behavior
since
the
1720s
.
noun
the
process
of
moving
computer
data
or
software
from
one
location
,
system
,
or
format
to
another
•
The
IT
team
completed
the
data
migration
to
the
new
cloud
server
overnight
.
The
IT
team
completed
the
data
migration
to
the
new
cloud
server
overnight
.
•
Software
migration
requires
careful
testing
to
avoid
downtime
.
Software
migration
requires
careful
testing
to
avoid
downtime
.
Borrowed
into
computing
jargon
in
the
1960s
,
extending
the
older
sense
of
physical
movement
to
digital
information
.
deliberately
adverb
on
purpose
;
with
clear
intention
,
not
by
accident
•
He
deliberately
left
the
gate
open
so
the
dog
could
run
outside
.
He
deliberately
left
the
gate
open
so
the
dog
could
run
outside
.
•
Maya
deliberately
ignored
her
ringing
phone
during
dinner
with
her
family
.
Maya
deliberately
ignored
her
ringing
phone
during
dinner
with
her
family
.
From
Latin
deliberatus
,
past
participle
of
deliberare
“
to
consider
carefully
”.
adverb
in
a
slow
,
careful
,
and
thoughtful
way
•
The
judge
spoke
deliberately
,
choosing
each
word
with
care
.
The
judge
spoke
deliberately
,
choosing
each
word
with
care
.
•
The
old
turtle
moved
deliberately
across
the
sandy
beach
toward
the
ocean
.
The
old
turtle
moved
deliberately
across
the
sandy
beach
toward
the
ocean
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
reflecting
the
idea
of
weighing
and
considering
actions
.
accurately
adverb
in
a
way
that
is
correct
,
exact
,
and
without
mistakes
•
The
scientist
recorded
the
temperature
accurately
to
ensure
reliable
results
.
The
scientist
recorded
the
temperature
accurately
to
ensure
reliable
results
.
•
You
must
throw
the
ball
accurately
to
hit
the
target
.
You
must
throw
the
ball
accurately
to
hit
the
target
.
From
the
adjective
accurate
+
-ly
;
ultimately
from
Latin
accuratus
“
done
with
care
”.
scratch
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
rub
or
cut
skin
or
another
surface
with
your
nails
or
something
sharp
,
often
to
stop
an
itch
or
to
make
a
small
mark
•
The
cat
scratched
the
sofa
,
leaving
little
tears
in
the
fabric
.
The
cat
scratched
the
sofa
,
leaving
little
tears
in
the
fabric
.
•
Tom
laughed
as
the
puppy
scratched
his
arm
with
its
tiny
paws
.
Tom
laughed
as
the
puppy
scratched
his
arm
with
its
tiny
paws
.
noun
-
scratch
,
scratches
a
thin
,
shallow
cut
or
mark
made
on
a
surface
or
on
skin
•
There
was
a
deep
scratch
across
my
phone
screen
after
I
dropped
it
.
There
was
a
deep
scratch
across
my
phone
screen
after
I
dropped
it
.
•
Lucy
showed
the
tiny
scratch
the
kitten
gave
her
on
her
hand
.
Lucy
showed
the
tiny
scratch
the
kitten
gave
her
on
her
hand
.
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
remove
or
cancel
something
by
drawing
a
line
through
it
or
deciding
not
to
do
it
•
Please
scratch
the
last
sentence
;
it
doesn't
make
sense
.
Please
scratch
the
last
sentence
;
it
doesn't
make
sense
.
•
They
scratched
his
name
off
the
guest
list
after
he
declined
the
invitation
.
They
scratched
his
name
off
the
guest
list
after
he
declined
the
invitation
.
noun
-
scratch
the
point
where
nothing
has
been
done
or
prepared
,
used
especially
in
the
phrase
‘
from
scratch
’
•
We
built
the
website
from scratch
in
just
three
weeks
.
We
built
the
website
from scratch
in
just
three
weeks
.
•
Grandma
always
bakes
her
bread
from scratch
,
starting
with
flour
,
water
,
and
yeast
.
Grandma
always
bakes
her
bread
from scratch
,
starting
with
flour
,
water
,
and
yeast
.
verb
-
scratch
,
scratching
,
scratches
,
scratched
to
withdraw
from
a
race
,
game
,
or
event
that
you
were
expected
to
take
part
in
•
The
sprinter
had
to
scratch
from
the
final
because
of
a
pulled
muscle
.
The
sprinter
had
to
scratch
from
the
final
because
of
a
pulled
muscle
.
•
Our
band
scratched
from
the
festival
when
the
lead
singer
lost
her
voice
.
Our
band
scratched
from
the
festival
when
the
lead
singer
lost
her
voice
.
adjective
put
together
quickly
with
whatever
materials
or
people
are
available
;
makeshift
or
improvised
•
They
formed
a
scratch
team
of
volunteers
to
clean
the
beach
.
They
formed
a
scratch
team
of
volunteers
to
clean
the
beach
.
•
Dinner
was
just
a
scratch
meal
of
eggs
and
toast
,
but
it
tasted
great
.
Dinner
was
just
a
scratch
meal
of
eggs
and
toast
,
but
it
tasted
great
.
desperately
adverb
in
a
way
that
shows
great
need
,
fear
,
or
urgency
•
The
hiker
desperately
called
for
help
after
slipping
down
the
cliff
.
The
hiker
desperately
called
for
help
after
slipping
down
the
cliff
.
•
They
desperately
searched
the
crowd
for
their
lost
child
at
the
busy
festival
.
They
desperately
searched
the
crowd
for
their
lost
child
at
the
busy
festival
.
Formed
by
adding
the
adverbial
suffix
-ly
to
desperate
in
the
17th
century
,
meaning
“
in
a
hopeless
manner
.”
adverb
very
;
extremely
(
used
for
emphasis
)
•
I
’
m
desperately
sorry
for
the
confusion
.
I
’
m
desperately
sorry
for
the
confusion
.
•
The
roses
in
the
garden
smelled
desperately
sweet
after
the
rain
.
The
roses
in
the
garden
smelled
desperately
sweet
after
the
rain
.
Extension
of
the
primary
meaning
,
first
recorded
in
the
19th
century
,
where
“
desperately
”
began
to
function
purely
as
an
intensifier
.