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February
noun
-
February
the
second
month
of
the
year
,
coming
after
January
and
before
March
,
and
usually
having
28
days
(
29
in
a
leap
year
)
•
School
usually
starts
again
after
winter
break
in
early
February
.
School
usually
starts
again
after
winter
break
in
early
February
.
•
My
birthday
is
on
the
fourteenth
of
February
,
so
we
always
celebrate
with
heart-shaped
cakes
.
My
birthday
is
on
the
fourteenth
of
February
,
so
we
always
celebrate
with
heart-shaped
cakes
.
From
Latin
Februārius
mēnsis
“
month
of
purification
,”
named
after
Februa
,
an
early
Roman
purification
festival
held
on
the
15th
day
of
this
month
.
life
noun
-
life
,
lives
the
state
of
being
alive
rather
than
dead
•
Doctors
fought
all
night
to
save
his
life
.
Doctors
fought
all
night
to
save
his
life
.
•
She
owed
her
life
to
the
quick-thinking
firefighter
.
She
owed
her
life
to
the
quick-thinking
firefighter
.
noun
-
life
,
lives
the
period
of
time
from
birth
to
death
of
a
person
or
animal
•
He
spent
his
whole
life
working
on
the
farm
.
He
spent
his
whole
life
working
on
the
farm
.
•
In
later
life
,
she
travelled
the
world
.
In
later
life
,
she
travelled
the
world
.
noun
-
life
,
lives
living
things
in
general
,
especially
on
a
planet
•
Scientists
search
for
life
on
other
planets
.
Scientists
search
for
life
on
other
planets
.
•
The
forest
is
full
of
life
after
the
spring
rain
.
The
forest
is
full
of
life
after
the
spring
rain
.
noun
-
life
,
lives
energy
,
liveliness
,
or
activity
that
makes
something
interesting
or
exciting
•
The
party
was
full
of
life
and
laughter
.
The
party
was
full
of
life
and
laughter
.
•
His
eyes
sparkled
with
life
when
he
talked
about
music
.
His
eyes
sparkled
with
life
when
he
talked
about
music
.
noun
-
life
,
lives
a
book
or
written
account
that
tells
the
story
of
someone
’
s
life
•
I
’
m
reading
a
life
of
Marie
Curie
.
I
’
m
reading
a
life
of
Marie
Curie
.
•
The
author
spent
years
writing
the
life
of
the
painter
.
The
author
spent
years
writing
the
life
of
the
painter
.
noun
-
life
,
lives
a
punishment
in
which
a
criminal
must
stay
in
prison
for
the
rest
of
their
life
•
The
judge
sentenced
the
murderer
to
life
.
The
judge
sentenced
the
murderer
to
life
.
•
He
could
face
life
if
found
guilty
.
He
could
face
life
if
found
guilty
.
feel
verb
-
feel
,
feeling
,
feels
,
felt
to
experience
an
emotion
or
a
bodily
sensation
•
I
feel
happy
whenever
I
hear
this
song
.
I
feel
happy
whenever
I
hear
this
song
.
•
After
running
the
marathon
,
she
felt
an
ache
in
every
muscle
.
After
running
the
marathon
,
she
felt
an
ache
in
every
muscle
.
Old
English
felan
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*felaną
“
to
touch
,
perceive
”.
verb
-
feel
,
feeling
,
feels
,
felt
to
touch
something
gently
so
you
can
discover
its
texture
,
shape
,
or
temperature
•
Please
feel
the
fabric
before
you
decide
to
buy
the
shirt
.
Please
feel
the
fabric
before
you
decide
to
buy
the
shirt
.
•
The
doctor
felt
her
wrist
to
check
her
pulse
.
The
doctor
felt
her
wrist
to
check
her
pulse
.
verb
-
feel
,
feeling
,
feels
,
felt
to
give
the
sensation
of
being
or
to
seem
a
certain
way
•
The
water
feels
warm
today
.
The
water
feels
warm
today
.
•
This
plan
felt
risky
,
but
we
went
ahead
anyway
.
This
plan
felt
risky
,
but
we
went
ahead
anyway
.
noun
-
feel
the
texture
or
quality
of
something
when
you
touch
it
•
I
love
the
soft
feel
of
this
blanket
.
I
love
the
soft
feel
of
this
blanket
.
•
The
leather
seats
give
the
car
a
luxurious
feel
.
The
leather
seats
give
the
car
a
luxurious
feel
.
noun
-
feel
the
general
mood
,
style
,
or
impression
that
something
gives
•
The
cafe
has
a
relaxed
,
vintage
feel
.
The
cafe
has
a
relaxed
,
vintage
feel
.
•
Her
speech
had
the
feel
of
a
friendly
conversation
.
Her
speech
had
the
feel
of
a
friendly
conversation
.
different
adjective
not
the
same
as
another
person
or
thing
;
distinct
•
My
brother
and
I
chose
different
flavors
of
ice
cream
.
My
brother
and
I
chose
different
flavors
of
ice
cream
.
•
The
two
houses
on
this
street
look
different
even
though
they
were
built
in
the
same
year
.
The
two
houses
on
this
street
look
different
even
though
they
were
built
in
the
same
year
.
late
Middle
English
:
from
Latin
differens
,
different-
‘
carrying
away
,
differing
’,
present
participle
of
differre
‘
to
differ
’.
adjective
unusual
in
a
way
that
attracts
attention
;
out
of
the
ordinary
•
The
artist
’
s
new
painting
is
really
different
;
I
have
never
seen
colors
used
like
that
before
.
The
artist
’
s
new
painting
is
really
different
;
I
have
never
seen
colors
used
like
that
before
.
•
I
like
his
fashion
sense
—
it
’
s
different
in
a
good
way
.
I
like
his
fashion
sense
—
it
’
s
different
in
a
good
way
.
Extension
of
the
primary
sense
“
not
the
same
,”
first
recorded
in
colloquial
American
English
in
the
early
20th
century
.
few
determiner
not
many
but
more
than
none
•
Only
few
seats
were
left
on
the
bus
after
the
school
trip
.
Only
few
seats
were
left
on
the
bus
after
the
school
trip
.
•
We
had
few
options
but
to
wait
for
help
in
the
desert
heat
.
We
had
few
options
but
to
wait
for
help
in
the
desert
heat
.
Old
English
“
fēawe
”
meaning
‘
not
many
’.
adjective
-
few
,
fewer
,
fewest
not
many
in
number
•
The
museum
displays
few
ancient
artifacts
from
that
era
.
The
museum
displays
few
ancient
artifacts
from
that
era
.
•
Her
garden
produced
few
tomatoes
this
summer
.
Her
garden
produced
few
tomatoes
this
summer
.
pronoun
not
many
people
or
things
•
Many
applied
for
the
job
,
but
only
few
were
chosen
.
Many
applied
for
the
job
,
but
only
few
were
chosen
.
•
Only
few
know
the
legend
of
the
hidden
waterfall
.
Only
few
know
the
legend
of
the
hidden
waterfall
.
noun
a
small
,
select
group
of
people
•
The
brave
few
refused
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
The
brave
few
refused
to
abandon
the
sinking
ship
.
•
The
marathon's
finish
line
was
crossed
by
the
determined
few
.
The
marathon's
finish
line
was
crossed
by
the
determined
few
.
offer
verb
to
present
something
to
someone
so
they
can
accept
or
refuse
it
•
She
offered
her
seat
to
the
elderly
man
on
the
crowded
bus
.
She
offered
her
seat
to
the
elderly
man
on
the
crowded
bus
.
•
At
the
picnic
,
the
boy
politely
offered
his
last
slice
of
watermelon
to
his
friend
.
At
the
picnic
,
the
boy
politely
offered
his
last
slice
of
watermelon
to
his
friend
.
Old
English
offrian
,
from
Latin
offerre
‘
to
present
,
bring
before
’.
noun
a
special
price
or
deal
that
lets
you
buy
something
more
cheaply
than
usual
•
The
supermarket
had
a
‘
buy
one
get
one
free
’
offer
on
cereal
this
week
.
The
supermarket
had
a
‘
buy
one
get
one
free
’
offer
on
cereal
this
week
.
•
I
found
a
great
holiday
offer
online
that
includes
flights
and
hotels
.
I
found
a
great
holiday
offer
online
that
includes
flights
and
hotels
.
Commercial
sense
developed
in
the
20th
century
as
marketing
language
for
discounts
.
verb
to
present
something
to
someone
so
that
they
can
accept
or
refuse
it
•
He
politely
offered
his
seat
to
the
elderly
woman
on
the
bus
.
He
politely
offered
his
seat
to
the
elderly
woman
on
the
bus
.
•
The
waiter
offered
a
glass
of
water
as
soon
as
we
sat
down
.
The
waiter
offered
a
glass
of
water
as
soon
as
we
sat
down
.
Old
English
‘
offrian
’,
from
Latin
‘
offerre
’
meaning
“
to
present
,
to
bring
before
”.
noun
a
proposal
to
give
,
do
,
or
buy
something
that
someone
can
accept
or
reject
•
She
received
an
offer
to
work
abroad
for
a
year
.
She
received
an
offer
to
work
abroad
for
a
year
.
•
The
first
buyer
made
an
offer
that
was
too
low
.
The
first
buyer
made
an
offer
that
was
too
low
.
verb
to
say
you
are
willing
to
do
or
give
something
•
He
offered
to
carry
the
heavy
suitcase
up
the
stairs
.
He
offered
to
carry
the
heavy
suitcase
up
the
stairs
.
•
Maria
offered
to
stay
late
at
the
office
to
finish
the
report
.
Maria
offered
to
stay
late
at
the
office
to
finish
the
report
.
Developed
from
the
earlier
sense
of
‘
presenting
something
’,
extending
to
the
speaker
’
s
willingness
.
verb
to
provide
or
make
something
available
•
The
museum
offers
guided
tours
in
several
languages
.
The
museum
offers
guided
tours
in
several
languages
.
•
This
smartphone
offers
twelve
hours
of
battery
life
on
a
single
charge
.
This
smartphone
offers
twelve
hours
of
battery
life
on
a
single
charge
.
Sense
broadened
in
the
19th
century
to
describe
services
and
opportunities
made
available
.
noun
a
proposal
to
give
something
or
to
do
something
,
waiting
for
acceptance
•
They
accepted
the
job
offer
within
an
hour
.
They
accepted
the
job
offer
within
an
hour
.
•
The
buyer
’
s
first
offer
on
the
house
was
too
low
.
The
buyer
’
s
first
offer
on
the
house
was
too
low
.
Derived
from
the
verb
use
,
first
recorded
as
a
noun
meaning
‘
proposal
’
in
the
late
16th
century
.
verb
to
say
you
are
willing
to
do
something
for
someone
•
She
offered
to
carry
the
heavy
suitcase
up
the
stairs
.
She
offered
to
carry
the
heavy
suitcase
up
the
stairs
.
•
They
offered
to
babysit
so
we
could
have
a
night
out
.
They
offered
to
babysit
so
we
could
have
a
night
out
.
verb
to
provide
or
make
something
available
for
people
to
use
or
get
•
The
hotel
offers
free
Wi-Fi
in
every
room
.
The
hotel
offers
free
Wi-Fi
in
every
room
.
•
Our
school
offers
French
classes
on
Wednesday
evenings
.
Our
school
offers
French
classes
on
Wednesday
evenings
.
noun
a
reduced
price
or
special
deal
for
a
product
or
service
•
The
supermarket
has
a
special
offer
on
strawberries
this
week
.
The
supermarket
has
a
special
offer
on
strawberries
this
week
.
•
Buy
one
,
get
one
free
is
my
favorite
kind
of
offer
.
Buy
one
,
get
one
free
is
my
favorite
kind
of
offer
.
effect
noun
a
change
,
result
,
or
consequence
that
happens
because
something
else
happens
first
•
The
medicine
took
effect
within
an
hour
and
the
pain
eased
.
The
medicine
took
effect
within
an
hour
and
the
pain
eased
.
•
New
safety
rules
had
a
positive
effect
on
the
factory
’
s
accident
rate
.
New
safety
rules
had
a
positive
effect
on
the
factory
’
s
accident
rate
.
From
Latin
effectus
“
accomplishment
,
result
,”
from
efficere
“
to
accomplish
.”
noun
the
impression
or
feeling
that
something
produces
on
a
person
•
The
lighting
created
a
dramatic
effect
on
the
stage
.
The
lighting
created
a
dramatic
effect
on
the
stage
.
•
Her
speech
had
a
powerful
effect
on
the
audience
,
moving
many
to
tears
.
Her
speech
had
a
powerful
effect
on
the
audience
,
moving
many
to
tears
.
noun
a
visual
or
sound
device
used
in
films
,
theater
,
or
recordings
to
create
an
imagined
scene
or
atmosphere
•
The
explosion
effect
in
the
movie
looked
incredibly
real
.
The
explosion
effect
in
the
movie
looked
incredibly
real
.
•
They
added
a
rain
effect
on
stage
to
make
the
scene
more
convincing
.
They
added
a
rain
effect
on
stage
to
make
the
scene
more
convincing
.
verb
-
effect
,
effecting
,
effects
,
effected
to
make
something
happen
;
to
bring
about
or
cause
•
The
new
CEO
hopes
to
effect
major
changes
in
company
culture
.
The
new
CEO
hopes
to
effect
major
changes
in
company
culture
.
•
The
peace
treaty
finally
effected
an
end
to
the
decade-long
conflict
.
The
peace
treaty
finally
effected
an
end
to
the
decade-long
conflict
.
fall
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
move
downward
suddenly
or
unintentionally
from
a
higher
to
a
lower
place
•
The
toddler
tripped
on
the
rug
and
fell
onto
the
soft
carpet
.
The
toddler
tripped
on
the
rug
and
fell
onto
the
soft
carpet
.
•
Colorful
autumn
leaves
fall
gently
from
a
tall
maple
tree
in
the
park
.
Colorful
autumn
leaves
fall
gently
from
a
tall
maple
tree
in
the
park
.
Old
English
feallan
,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
Old
Norse
falla
and
German
fallen
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
drop
down
from
a
higher
place
to
a
lower
place
,
usually
without
intending
to
•
Be
careful
on
the
icy
sidewalk
or
you
might
fall
.
Be
careful
on
the
icy
sidewalk
or
you
might
fall
.
•
The
glass
slipped
from
his
hand
and
began
to
fall
toward
the
floor
.
The
glass
slipped
from
his
hand
and
began
to
fall
toward
the
floor
.
Old
English
feallan
“
to
drop
from
a
height
;
die
in
battle
,”
from
Proto-Germanic
*fallaną
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
become
lower
in
level
,
amount
,
or
value
•
Share
prices
could
fall
if
the
company
reports
poor
earnings
.
Share
prices
could
fall
if
the
company
reports
poor
earnings
.
•
As
night
came
,
the
temperature
began
to
fall
.
As
night
came
,
the
temperature
began
to
fall
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
enter
or
pass
into
a
particular
state
suddenly
or
unexpectedly
•
He
fell
asleep
during
the
movie
.
He
fell
asleep
during
the
movie
.
•
She
fell
ill
after
drinking
the
contaminated
water
.
She
fell
ill
after
drinking
the
contaminated
water
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
occur
or
happen
on
a
particular
day
,
date
,
or
time
•
Her
birthday
falls
on
a
Saturday
this
year
.
Her
birthday
falls
on
a
Saturday
this
year
.
•
The
meeting
falls
right
after
lunch
.
The
meeting
falls
right
after
lunch
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
become
lower
in
number
,
price
,
amount
,
or
level
•
Gas
prices
have
fallen
significantly
since
last
month
.
Gas
prices
have
fallen
significantly
since
last
month
.
•
The
company
’
s
profits
may
fall
if
sales
continue
to
drop
.
The
company
’
s
profits
may
fall
if
sales
continue
to
drop
.
Figurative
use
recorded
since
Middle
English
,
extending
the
physical
sense
of
descending
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
be
defeated
,
captured
,
or
killed
,
especially
in
war
or
competition
•
The
fortress
finally
fell
after
a
long
siege
.
The
fortress
finally
fell
after
a
long
siege
.
•
Many
brave
soldiers
fell
on
that
field
.
Many
brave
soldiers
fell
on
that
field
.
verb
-
fall
,
falling
,
falls
,
fell
,
fallen
to
occur
or
be
scheduled
on
a
particular
date
,
day
,
or
time
•
My
birthday
falls
on
a
Saturday
this
year
.
My
birthday
falls
on
a
Saturday
this
year
.
•
The
meeting
will
fall
during
the
first
week
of
April
.
The
meeting
will
fall
during
the
first
week
of
April
.
Temporal
sense
recorded
from
the
14th
century
,
from
the
notion
of
an
event
"
dropping
"
onto
a
point
in
time
.
federal
adjective
connected
with
the
central
government
of
a
country
that
is
made
up
of
several
states
or
provinces
•
Canada's
federal
government
sets
nationwide
immigration
policies
.
Canada's
federal
government
sets
nationwide
immigration
policies
.
•
The
new
law
must
survive
challenges
in
both
state
and
federal
courts
.
The
new
law
must
survive
challenges
in
both
state
and
federal
courts
.
From
Latin
foedus
“
league
,
covenant
”;
adopted
into
English
in
the
17th
century
to
describe
agreements
binding
states
together
,
later
referring
to
the
central
authority
itself
.
noun
an
employee
or
officer
of
the
U
.
S
.
federal
government
,
especially
a
law-enforcement
agent
•
The
federal
showed
his
badge
before
entering
the
office
.
The
federal
showed
his
badge
before
entering
the
office
.
•
Local
police
coordinated
with
the
federals
during
the
operation
.
Local
police
coordinated
with
the
federals
during
the
operation
.
Noun
sense
developed
in
20th-century
U
.
S
.
English
as
a
clipped
form
of
“
federal
agent
.”
difference
noun
a
way
in
which
two
or
more
people
or
things
are
not
the
same
•
Can
you
spot
the
difference
between
the
two
pictures
?
Can
you
spot
the
difference
between
the
two
pictures
?
•
There
is
a
big
difference
in
price
between
the
red
jacket
and
the
blue
one
.
There
is
a
big
difference
in
price
between
the
red
jacket
and
the
blue
one
.
From
Latin
differentia
“
diversity
,
distinction
”,
from
differre
“
to
carry
apart
,
differ
”.
noun
the
amount
by
which
one
number
or
quantity
is
larger
or
smaller
than
another
•
The
difference
between
15
and
9
is
6
.
The
difference
between
15
and
9
is
6
.
•
Engineers
calculated
the
temperature
difference
across
the
metal
plate
.
Engineers
calculated
the
temperature
difference
across
the
metal
plate
.
noun
-
difference
importance
or
effect
that
something
has
on
a
situation
•
Turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
makes
a
big
difference
to
the
environment
.
Turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
makes
a
big
difference
to
the
environment
.
•
Arriving
ten
minutes
early
can
make
all
the
difference
in
catching
the
train
.
Arriving
ten
minutes
early
can
make
all
the
difference
in
catching
the
train
.
noun
a
disagreement
or
quarrel
,
especially
when
people
hold
contrasting
opinions
•
They
settled
their
differences
and
became
friends
again
.
They
settled
their
differences
and
became
friends
again
.
•
Political
differences
can
strain
a
family
dinner
.
Political
differences
can
strain
a
family
dinner
.
verb
-
difference
,
differencing
,
differences
,
differenced
(
technical
)
to
find
or
show
how
two
sets
of
data
are
not
the
same
,
especially
by
subtracting
one
from
the
other
•
The
program
differences
the
files
to
detect
changes
.
The
program
differences
the
files
to
detect
changes
.
•
We
differenced
the
data
to
remove
the
seasonal
pattern
.
We
differenced
the
data
to
remove
the
seasonal
pattern
.
foot
noun
-
foot
,
feet
the
lower
part
of
the
leg
that
you
stand
on
and
use
for
walking
•
After
running
the
race
,
Maria
’
s
foot
was
sore
.
After
running
the
race
,
Maria
’
s
foot
was
sore
.
•
The
baby
giggled
as
it
tried
to
grab
its
mother
’
s
foot
while
she
changed
the
diaper
.
The
baby
giggled
as
it
tried
to
grab
its
mother
’
s
foot
while
she
changed
the
diaper
.
Old
English
“
fōt
”,
related
to
German
“
Fuß
”
and
Latin
“
pes
”,
meaning
the
body
part
used
for
standing
and
walking
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
a
unit
for
measuring
length
equal
to
12
inches
,
about
30
centimetres
•
The
snow
was
over
one
foot
deep
after
the
storm
.
The
snow
was
over
one
foot
deep
after
the
storm
.
•
The
pool
is
eight
foot
at
its
deepest
point
.
The
pool
is
eight
foot
at
its
deepest
point
.
Extended
from
the
human
foot
’
s
average
length
,
used
since
ancient
times
for
building
and
land
measurement
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
the
lowest
part
or
end
of
something
such
as
a
mountain
,
page
,
or
bed
•
They
built
their
cabin
at
the
foot
of
the
hill
.
They
built
their
cabin
at
the
foot
of
the
hill
.
•
Read
the
notes
at
the
foot
of
the
page
before
answering
.
Read
the
notes
at
the
foot
of
the
page
before
answering
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
the
body
part
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
to
describe
the
‘
bottom
’
of
objects
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
in
poetry
,
a
basic
repeated
pattern
of
stressed
and
unstressed
syllables
that
forms
part
of
a
line
•
The
iamb
is
a
common
foot
in
English
poetry
.
The
iamb
is
a
common
foot
in
English
poetry
.
•
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
mark
each
foot
in
the
sonnet
.
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
mark
each
foot
in
the
sonnet
.
First
used
in
Latin
poetic
theory
as
“
pes
” (
foot
),
likening
the
repeated
rhythmic
step
of
verse
to
physical
steps
.
wife
noun
-
wife
,
wives
a
woman
who
is
married
,
especially
in
relation
to
her
spouse
•
Carlos
joked
that
his
wife
makes
the
best
pancakes
in
town
.
Carlos
joked
that
his
wife
makes
the
best
pancakes
in
town
.
•
The
wife
held
her
husband's
hand
as
they
watched
the
sunset
from
the
hilltop
.
The
wife
held
her
husband's
hand
as
they
watched
the
sunset
from
the
hilltop
.
Old
English
wīf
(
woman
,
female
spouse
)
related
to
German
Weib
,
originally
meaning
woman
,
later
narrowing
to
married
woman
in
English
noun
-
wife
,
wives
(
archaic
)
a
woman
,
especially
an
adult
female
person
•
In
the
old
tale
,
a
poor
wife
braved
the
winter
storm
to
find
firewood
.
In
the
old
tale
,
a
poor
wife
braved
the
winter
storm
to
find
firewood
.
•
The
town
crier
told
every
wife
to
gather
in
the
square
.
The
town
crier
told
every
wife
to
gather
in
the
square
.
Same
origin
as
main
sense
;
in
older
English
,
wīf
simply
meant
woman
in
general
,
a
meaning
now
largely
obsolete
except
in
certain
dialects
and
compounds
.
staff
verb
-
staff
,
staffing
,
staffs
,
staffed
to
provide
a
place
,
organization
,
or
event
with
workers
•
The
company
staffs
its
call
center
with
friendly
operators
.
The
company
staffs
its
call
center
with
friendly
operators
.
•
During
the
festival
,
volunteers
staff
the
ticket
booths
.
During
the
festival
,
volunteers
staff
the
ticket
booths
.
From
the
noun
sense
of
people
as
support
;
first
used
as
a
verb
in
the
late
19th
century
.
feeling
noun
an
emotion
such
as
happiness
,
fear
,
anger
,
or
sadness
•
Excitement
was
the
first
feeling
she
had
when
she
heard
the
news
.
Excitement
was
the
first
feeling
she
had
when
she
heard
the
news
.
•
He
tried
to
hide
his
feelings
of
disappointment
when
the
project
was
canceled
.
He
tried
to
hide
his
feelings
of
disappointment
when
the
project
was
canceled
.
Derived
from
the
verb
“
feel
”
+
the
noun-forming
suffix
“
-ing
”,
recorded
since
Middle
English
.
noun
a
belief
or
opinion
based
on
instinct
rather
than
clear
proof
•
My
feeling
is
that
we
should
wait
until
tomorrow
before
making
a
decision
.
My
feeling
is
that
we
should
wait
until
tomorrow
before
making
a
decision
.
•
I
have
a
strong
feeling
that
the
train
will
be
late
again
.
I
have
a
strong
feeling
that
the
train
will
be
late
again
.
noun
the
sense
of
touch
in
part
of
the
body
,
or
a
physical
sensation
you
notice
•
After
the
long
hike
,
he
lost
the
feeling
in
his
fingers
for
a
few
minutes
.
After
the
long
hike
,
he
lost
the
feeling
in
his
fingers
for
a
few
minutes
.
•
The
dentist
waited
until
the
feeling
returned
to
my
lip
.
The
dentist
waited
until
the
feeling
returned
to
my
lip
.
adjective
showing
sympathy
,
kindness
,
and
sensitivity
to
others
•
She
is
a
deeply
feeling
person
who
cries
at
sad
movies
.
She
is
a
deeply
feeling
person
who
cries
at
sad
movies
.
•
Only
a
feeling
teacher
would
notice
the
shy
girl's
silence
.
Only
a
feeling
teacher
would
notice
the
shy
girl's
silence
.
defense
noun
the
act
of
protecting
someone
or
something
from
attack
,
danger
,
or
harm
•
The
town
built
high
walls
as
a
strong
defense
against
invaders
.
The
town
built
high
walls
as
a
strong
defense
against
invaders
.
•
Using
sunscreen
is
a
smart
defense
against
sunburn
.
Using
sunscreen
is
a
smart
defense
against
sunburn
.
Borrowed
from
Old
French
“
defens
”,
from
Latin
“
defendere
”
meaning
“
to
ward
off
”.
noun
the
people
,
weapons
,
and
plans
a
country
uses
to
protect
itself
in
war
•
The
government
increased
its
spending
on
national
defense
this
year
.
The
government
increased
its
spending
on
national
defense
this
year
.
•
Modern
defense
systems
include
missiles
that
can
intercept
incoming
rockets
.
Modern
defense
systems
include
missiles
that
can
intercept
incoming
rockets
.
Sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
as
nation-states
formed
standing
armies
for
collective
protection
.
noun
the
players
or
actions
of
a
team
that
try
to
stop
the
opposing
team
from
scoring
•
Her
basketball
team
has
the
best
defense
in
the
league
.
Her
basketball
team
has
the
best
defense
in
the
league
.
•
The
coach
praised
the
solid
defense
after
the
0–0
draw
.
The
coach
praised
the
solid
defense
after
the
0–0
draw
.
Sporting
sense
appeared
in
the
late
19th
century
as
rules
distinguished
offensive
and
defensive
roles
.
noun
the
lawyers
or
arguments
that
try
to
prove
an
accused
person
is
not
guilty
in
a
court
of
law
•
The
defense
called
two
witnesses
to
support
the
alibi
.
The
defense
called
two
witnesses
to
support
the
alibi
.
•
During
closing
statements
,
the
defense
argued
that
the
evidence
was
weak
.
During
closing
statements
,
the
defense
argued
that
the
evidence
was
weak
.
Legal
sense
arose
in
Middle
English
when
‘
defense
’
came
to
mean
protection
of
one
’
s
rights
in
court
.
noun
a
reason
,
fact
,
or
explanation
that
shows
something
is
right
or
that
someone
is
not
to
blame
•
In
defense
of
her
decision
,
she
pointed
to
the
company
’
s
improved
profits
.
In
defense
of
her
decision
,
she
pointed
to
the
company
’
s
improved
profits
.
•
His
only
defense
was
that
he
had
misunderstood
the
instructions
.
His
only
defense
was
that
he
had
misunderstood
the
instructions
.
From
earlier
sense
of
‘
defending
’
one
’
s
actions
in
speech
or
writing
.
noun
the
natural
ways
a
body
or
organism
protects
itself
against
illness
or
harm
•
White
blood
cells
are
an
important
defense
against
infection
.
White
blood
cells
are
an
important
defense
against
infection
.
•
Plants
have
chemical
defenses
that
deter
insects
.
Plants
have
chemical
defenses
that
deter
insects
.
Scientific
sense
broadened
in
the
19th
century
with
discoveries
about
the
immune
system
.
stuff
noun
-
stuff
things
,
objects
,
or
material
when
their
exact
names
are
not
important
or
are
unknown
•
Can
you
put
all
this
stuff
back
in
the
box
?
Can
you
put
all
this
stuff
back
in
the
box
?
•
I
don
’
t
know
what
’
s
in
his
backpack
,
but
it
looks
like
a
lot
of
heavy
stuff
.
I
don
’
t
know
what
’
s
in
his
backpack
,
but
it
looks
like
a
lot
of
heavy
stuff
.
From
Middle
English
‘
stoff
’,
borrowed
from
Old
French
‘
estoffe
’
meaning
material
or
provisions
.
verb
to
fill
something
tightly
until
there
is
no
more
space
•
He
stuffed
his
suitcase
with
clothes
for
the
long
trip
.
He
stuffed
his
suitcase
with
clothes
for
the
long
trip
.
•
Sara
stuffed
the
turkey
with
bread
and
herbs
before
roasting
it
.
Sara
stuffed
the
turkey
with
bread
and
herbs
before
roasting
it
.
Originally
meaning
‘
fit
out
,
furnish
’,
from
Old
French
‘
estoffer
’,
of
Germanic
origin
.
perfect
adjective
having
no
mistakes
,
flaws
,
or
weaknesses
;
as
good
as
something
can
be
•
The
sky
was
clear
and
the
weather
was
perfect
for
a
picnic
.
The
sky
was
clear
and
the
weather
was
perfect
for
a
picnic
.
•
Mia
smiled
proudly
when
she
saw
her
perfect
score
on
the
math
test
.
Mia
smiled
proudly
when
she
saw
her
perfect
score
on
the
math
test
.
From
Latin
perfectus
,
past
participle
of
perficere
“
to
complete
,
accomplish
”.
verb
to
make
something
completely
free
from
faults
or
to
improve
it
until
it
is
as
good
as
possible
•
She
practiced
every
day
to
perfect
her
violin
solo
before
the
concert
.
She
practiced
every
day
to
perfect
her
violin
solo
before
the
concert
.
•
Engineers
are
working
to
perfect
a
new
type
of
eco-friendly
battery
.
Engineers
are
working
to
perfect
a
new
type
of
eco-friendly
battery
.
From
the
adjective
perfect
;
verb
use
recorded
since
the
late
14th
century
,
meaning
“
to
bring
to
perfection
”.
noun
a
verb
tense
that
shows
an
action
finished
before
now
or
before
another
stated
time
•
In
the
sentence
“
She
has
eaten
”,
the
verb
is
in
the
perfect
.
In
the
sentence
“
She
has
eaten
”,
the
verb
is
in
the
perfect
.
•
Our
tutor
asked
us
to
change
each
past
tense
verb
into
the
present
perfect
.
Our
tutor
asked
us
to
change
each
past
tense
verb
into
the
present
perfect
.
Adopted
into
grammatical
terminology
in
the
17th
century
,
modelling
Latin
tempus
perfectum
“
completed
time
”.
safe
adjective
-
safe
,
safer
,
safest
protected
from
danger
,
harm
,
or
risk
•
The
children
felt
safe
when
their
parents
came
home
.
The
children
felt
safe
when
their
parents
came
home
.
•
Wear
a
helmet
to
stay
safe
while
cycling
on
busy
streets
.
Wear
a
helmet
to
stay
safe
while
cycling
on
busy
streets
.
From
Old
French
‘
sauf
’,
from
Latin
‘
salvus
’
meaning
‘
uninjured
,
in
good
condition
’.
adjective
-
safe
,
safer
,
safest
not
likely
to
cause
harm
,
injury
,
or
damage
;
harmless
•
The
doctor
assured
us
this
medicine
is
safe
for
children
.
The
doctor
assured
us
this
medicine
is
safe
for
children
.
•
These
eco-friendly
cleaning
products
are
safe
for
the
environment
.
These
eco-friendly
cleaning
products
are
safe
for
the
environment
.
adjective
-
safe
,
safer
,
safest
acting
with
caution
to
avoid
danger
or
mistakes
•
Julia
is
a
very
safe
driver
and
never
speeds
.
Julia
is
a
very
safe
driver
and
never
speeds
.
•
He
made
a
safe
investment
in
government
bonds
.
He
made
a
safe
investment
in
government
bonds
.
noun
a
strong
,
lockable
box
or
cabinet
used
to
store
money
,
documents
,
or
other
valuables
securely
•
The
jewels
were
kept
in
a
steel
safe
overnight
.
The
jewels
were
kept
in
a
steel
safe
overnight
.
•
He
forgot
the
combination
to
the
office
safe
.
He
forgot
the
combination
to
the
office
safe
.
adjective
-
safe
,
safer
,
safest
certain
to
succeed
or
not
fail
;
reliable
•
Everyone
thought
the
incumbent
was
a
safe bet
to
win
the
election
.
Everyone
thought
the
incumbent
was
a
safe bet
to
win
the
election
.
•
A
savings
account
is
a
safe
place
to
keep
emergency
funds
.
A
savings
account
is
a
safe
place
to
keep
emergency
funds
.
adjective
-
safe
,
safer
,
safest
in
baseball
,
having
reached
a
base
without
being
put
out
•
The
runner
slid
into
home
plate
and
was
called
safe
by
the
umpire
.
The
runner
slid
into
home
plate
and
was
called
safe
by
the
umpire
.
•
If
the
ball
hits
your
glove
first
,
you
are
usually
safe
at
first
base
.
If
the
ball
hits
your
glove
first
,
you
are
usually
safe
at
first
base
.
affect
verb
to
produce
a
change
in
someone
or
something
•
Cold
weather
can
affect
your
smartphone
battery
life
.
Cold
weather
can
affect
your
smartphone
battery
life
.
•
Lack
of
sleep
deeply
affects
how
well
students
learn
in
class
.
Lack
of
sleep
deeply
affects
how
well
students
learn
in
class
.
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
affectare
‘
aim
at
,
strive
after
’,
frequentative
of
afficere
‘
do
to
,
act
on
’.
verb
to
regularly
like
,
choose
,
or
wear
something
•
She
affects
bright
colors
in
her
artwork
.
She
affects
bright
colors
in
her
artwork
.
•
The
author
affects
long
,
winding
sentences
in
his
novels
.
The
author
affects
long
,
winding
sentences
in
his
novels
.
Sense
evolved
in
17th
century
from
Latin
‘
afficere
’
with
nuance
of
‘
be
inclined
toward
’.
verb
to
pretend
to
have
a
particular
feeling
,
way
of
speaking
,
or
style
to
impress
others
•
He
likes
to
affect
a
British
accent
when
he
tells
jokes
.
He
likes
to
affect
a
British
accent
when
he
tells
jokes
.
•
She
affected
indifference
,
but
I
could
see
she
was
excited
.
She
affected
indifference
,
but
I
could
see
she
was
excited
.
Same
Latin
root
as
primary
sense
,
later
developing
the
meaning
‘
pretend
to
feel
’.
noun
-
affect
a
person
’
s
visible
emotional
state
or
expression
•
The
therapist
noted
that
the
patient's
affect
was
flat
during
the
session
.
The
therapist
noted
that
the
patient's
affect
was
flat
during
the
session
.
•
A
sudden
burst
of
laughter
showed
a
change
in
his
affect
.
A
sudden
burst
of
laughter
showed
a
change
in
his
affect
.
Adopted
into
psychology
in
late
19th
century
from
German
Affect
,
ultimately
from
Latin
affectus
‘
feeling
’.
professor
noun
a
teacher
at
a
college
or
university
,
especially
one
who
holds
the
highest
academic
rank
and
also
does
research
•
After
class
,
the
professor
stayed
to
answer
the
students'
questions
.
After
class
,
the
professor
stayed
to
answer
the
students'
questions
.
•
The
professor
published
a
new
paper
on
climate
change
.
The
professor
published
a
new
paper
on
climate
change
.
from
Latin
"
professor
"
meaning
"
one
who
declares
publicly
,"
later
"
person
who
teaches
a
branch
of
knowledge
"
Professor
noun
-
Professor
a
respectful
title
placed
before
someone's
last
name
to
show
that
the
person
is
a
professor
•
Professor
Chen
will
chair
the
meeting
at
noon
.
Professor
Chen
will
chair
the
meeting
at
noon
.
•
We
invited
Professor
Adams
to
deliver
the
commencement
speech
.
We
invited
Professor
Adams
to
deliver
the
commencement
speech
.
title
use
started
in
the
18th
century
,
capitalized
before
a
name
conference
noun
a
large
,
often
formal
meeting
where
people
with
shared
interests
come
together
to
give
talks
,
discuss
ideas
,
and
network
•
Hundreds
of
scientists
attended
the
annual
conference
on
climate
change
in
Geneva
.
Hundreds
of
scientists
attended
the
annual
conference
on
climate
change
in
Geneva
.
•
Our
company
paid
for
the
whole
team
to
fly
to
a
tech
conference
in
San
Francisco
.
Our
company
paid
for
the
whole
team
to
fly
to
a
tech
conference
in
San
Francisco
.
from
Latin
'conferentia'
meaning
'bringing
together'
,
from
'conferre'
–
to
bring
together
noun
a
small
or
private
meeting
where
people
discuss
a
particular
issue
or
make
a
decision
•
The
manager
called
a
quick
conference
with
the
designers
to
fix
the
last-minute
problem
.
The
manager
called
a
quick
conference
with
the
designers
to
fix
the
last-minute
problem
.
•
Before
issuing
the
statement
,
the
lawyer
requested
a
private
conference
with
her
client
.
Before
issuing
the
statement
,
the
lawyer
requested
a
private
conference
with
her
client
.
same
Latin
root
as
primary
sense
;
smaller
meetings
recorded
in
English
since
the
16th
century
noun
a
league
or
division
of
sports
teams
that
compete
mainly
among
themselves
during
a
season
•
The
Lakers
play
in
the
Western
Conference
of
the
NBA
.
The
Lakers
play
in
the
Western
Conference
of
the
NBA
.
•
Our
college
football
team
switched
to
a
new
conference
to
face
tougher
opponents
.
Our
college
football
team
switched
to
a
new
conference
to
face
tougher
opponents
.
sports
sense
developed
in
late
19th-century
America
when
colleges
formed
‘
conferences
’
to
regulate
competition
fear
noun
the
unpleasant
feeling
you
have
when
you
think
something
bad
or
dangerous
might
happen
•
A
loud
crash
in
the
middle
of
the
night
filled
the
children
with
fear
.
A
loud
crash
in
the
middle
of
the
night
filled
the
children
with
fear
.
•
He
faced
his
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
the
tall
ladder
.
He
faced
his
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
the
tall
ladder
.
Old
English
“
fǣr
”
meaning
sudden
danger
or
calamity
,
later
shifting
to
the
feeling
caused
by
danger
.
noun
a
strong
,
unpleasant
feeling
that
something
bad
,
painful
,
or
dangerous
might
happen
•
The
little
boy
hid
behind
his
mother
in
fear
when
the
large
dog
barked
.
The
little
boy
hid
behind
his
mother
in
fear
when
the
large
dog
barked
.
•
She
overcame
her
lifelong
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
to
the
top
of
the
rock
wall
.
She
overcame
her
lifelong
fear
of
heights
and
climbed
to
the
top
of
the
rock
wall
.
Old
English
“
fǣr
”
meaning
“
danger
,
sudden
calamity
,”
later
evolving
to
mean
the
emotion
caused
by
danger
.
verb
-
fear
,
fearing
,
fears
,
feared
to
feel
afraid
that
something
bad
may
happen
•
Many
people
fear
flying
in
airplanes
.
Many
people
fear
flying
in
airplanes
.
•
I
fear
that
we
are
lost
in
these
woods
.
I
fear
that
we
are
lost
in
these
woods
.
Developed
from
the
noun
sense
in
Old
English
;
verb
use
recorded
from
the
12th
century
.
verb
to
be
afraid
of
someone
or
something
,
or
to
worry
that
something
bad
might
happen
•
Many
people
fear
spiders
even
though
most
species
are
harmless
to
humans
.
Many
people
fear
spiders
even
though
most
species
are
harmless
to
humans
.
•
I
fear
that
we
will
miss
the
train
if
we
don
’
t
hurry
to
the
station
.
I
fear
that
we
will
miss
the
train
if
we
don
’
t
hurry
to
the
station
.
From
Old
English
“
fǣran
”
meaning
“
frighten
,”
later
used
reflexively
to
mean
“
be
afraid
.”
noun
-
fear
a
feeling
of
deep
respect
and
awe
toward
someone
or
something
powerful
•
They
spoke
of
the
ancient
king
with
fear
and
admiration
.
They
spoke
of
the
ancient
king
with
fear
and
admiration
.
•
The
villagers
approached
the
sacred
mountain
in
fear
,
believing
gods
lived
there
.
The
villagers
approached
the
sacred
mountain
in
fear
,
believing
gods
lived
there
.
In
earlier
English
, “
fear
”
also
carried
the
sense
of
reverent
awe
,
especially
toward
God
or
a
sovereign
.
feature
noun
a
part
of
something
that
is
interesting
,
important
,
or
useful
•
Our
new
phone
has
a
fingerprint
sensor
,
a
useful
feature
for
security
.
Our
new
phone
has
a
fingerprint
sensor
,
a
useful
feature
for
security
.
•
One
feature
of
the
museum
is
its
huge
glass
roof
that
lets
in
sunlight
.
One
feature
of
the
museum
is
its
huge
glass
roof
that
lets
in
sunlight
.
Middle
English
feauture
“
form
,
appearance
”,
from
Anglo-French
,
from
Latin
factura
“
something
made
”
from
facere
“
to
make
”.
noun
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
a
noticeable
or
important
part
or
quality
of
something
,
especially
a
person
’
s
face
,
a
place
,
or
a
product
•
The
waterfall
is
the
most
striking
feature
of
the
park
.
The
waterfall
is
the
most
striking
feature
of
the
park
.
•
Her
dimples
are
a
charming
facial
feature
everyone
notices
.
Her
dimples
are
a
charming
facial
feature
everyone
notices
.
noun
a
part
of
the
face
such
as
the
eyes
,
nose
,
or
mouth
•
Her
most
striking
feature
is
her
bright
green
eyes
.
Her
most
striking
feature
is
her
bright
green
eyes
.
•
He
covered
his
facial
features
with
a
scarf
on
the
cold
day
.
He
covered
his
facial
features
with
a
scarf
on
the
cold
day
.
noun
a
newspaper
,
magazine
,
TV
,
or
radio
article
or
program
that
looks
at
a
subject
in
depth
•
I
read
an
in-depth
feature
on
climate
change
in
the
Sunday
paper
.
I
read
an
in-depth
feature
on
climate
change
in
the
Sunday
paper
.
•
Tonight's
radio
feature
explores
the
history
of
jazz
.
Tonight's
radio
feature
explores
the
history
of
jazz
.
verb
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
to
include
or
show
something
or
someone
as
an
important
part
•
The
exhibition
features
interactive
robots
that
dance
with
visitors
.
The
exhibition
features
interactive
robots
that
dance
with
visitors
.
•
Next
week's
show
will
feature
a
famous
violinist
.
Next
week's
show
will
feature
a
famous
violinist
.
noun
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
a
useful
or
interesting
part
of
a
product
,
service
,
or
piece
of
software
•
The
new
update
adds
a
dark-mode
feature
to
the
app
.
The
new
update
adds
a
dark-mode
feature
to
the
app
.
•
Automatic
braking
is
a
safety
feature
in
modern
cars
.
Automatic
braking
is
a
safety
feature
in
modern
cars
.
verb
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
to
include
someone
or
something
as
an
important
part
or
highlight
•
The
poster
features
the
band
’
s
new
lead
singer
at
the
center
.
The
poster
features
the
band
’
s
new
lead
singer
at
the
center
.
•
The
museum
is
featuring
an
exhibition
on
ancient
Egypt
this
month
.
The
museum
is
featuring
an
exhibition
on
ancient
Egypt
this
month
.
noun
a
full-length
movie
shown
as
the
main
film
at
a
cinema
•
We
saw
the
new
Marvel
feature
at
the
cinema
last
night
.
We
saw
the
new
Marvel
feature
at
the
cinema
last
night
.
•
Before
the
main
feature
,
there
was
a
funny
cartoon
short
.
Before
the
main
feature
,
there
was
a
funny
cartoon
short
.
noun
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
a
special
newspaper
or
magazine
article
,
or
a
radio
or
TV
program
that
gives
detailed
information
about
a
topic
•
The
Sunday
newspaper
ran
a
six-page
feature
on
climate
change
.
The
Sunday
newspaper
ran
a
six-page
feature
on
climate
change
.
•
We
listened
to
a
radio
feature
about
space
travel
on
the
drive
home
.
We
listened
to
a
radio
feature
about
space
travel
on
the
drive
home
.
noun
-
feature
,
featuring
,
features
,
featured
a
full-length
film
shown
in
cinemas
,
usually
about
90
minutes
or
longer
•
We
watched
an
animated
feature
at
the
cinema
last
night
.
We
watched
an
animated
feature
at
the
cinema
last
night
.
•
The
festival
opens
with
a
new
French
feature
about
friendship
.
The
festival
opens
with
a
new
French
feature
about
friendship
.
suffer
verb
to
feel
physical
pain
or
strong
unhappiness
•
During
the
long
drought
,
the
farmers
suffered
because
their
fields
were
dry
and
cracked
.
During
the
long
drought
,
the
farmers
suffered
because
their
fields
were
dry
and
cracked
.
•
The
injured
puppy
lay
on
the
roadside
,
clearly
suffering
and
whimpering
softly
.
The
injured
puppy
lay
on
the
roadside
,
clearly
suffering
and
whimpering
softly
.
From
Latin
‘
sufferre
’
meaning
‘
to
bear
up
or
endure
’.
verb
to
become
worse
or
be
badly
affected
because
of
something
•
The
small
shop
suffered
when
a
huge
supermarket
opened
across
the
street
.
The
small
shop
suffered
when
a
huge
supermarket
opened
across
the
street
.
•
Her
grades
suffered
after
she
started
working
late-night
shifts
.
Her
grades
suffered
after
she
started
working
late-night
shifts
.
verb
to
allow
something
unpleasant
to
continue
,
usually
because
of
patience
or
tolerance
•
The
strict
teacher
would
not
suffer
rude
behavior
in
her
classroom
.
The
strict
teacher
would
not
suffer
rude
behavior
in
her
classroom
.
•
He
refuses
to
suffer
fools
gladly
and
often
walks
away
from
pointless
debates
.
He
refuses
to
suffer
fools
gladly
and
often
walks
away
from
pointless
debates
.
safety
noun
-
safety
the
condition
of
being
protected
from
danger
,
harm
,
or
risk
•
Wearing
a
helmet
adds
an
extra
layer
of
safety
when
you
ride
a
bicycle
.
Wearing
a
helmet
adds
an
extra
layer
of
safety
when
you
ride
a
bicycle
.
•
Parents
checked
the
playground
equipment
for
safety
before
letting
the
children
play
.
Parents
checked
the
playground
equipment
for
safety
before
letting
the
children
play
.
From
safe
+
-ty
,
borrowed
from
Old
French
sauveté
,
from
Latin
salvitās
“
soundness
,
health
”.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
a
device
or
feature
that
prevents
accidents
or
makes
equipment
work
only
under
secure
conditions
•
He
forgot
to
switch
off
the
gun
’
s
safety
before
aiming
at
the
target
on
the
range
.
He
forgot
to
switch
off
the
gun
’
s
safety
before
aiming
at
the
target
on
the
range
.
•
The
blender
will
not
start
until
its
lid
safety
is
locked
in
place
.
The
blender
will
not
start
until
its
lid
safety
is
locked
in
place
.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
in
American
football
,
a
play
in
which
the
offensive
team
is
tackled
,
loses
the
ball
,
or
commits
a
foul
in
its
own
end
zone
,
giving
the
defensive
team
two
points
•
The
crowd
roared
when
the
linebacker
forced
a
safety
in
the
fourth
quarter
.
The
crowd
roared
when
the
linebacker
forced
a
safety
in
the
fourth
quarter
.
•
A
bad
snap
flew
over
the
quarterback
’
s
head
and
out
of
the
end
zone
for
a
safety
.
A
bad
snap
flew
over
the
quarterback
’
s
head
and
out
of
the
end
zone
for
a
safety
.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
in
American
football
,
a
defensive
back
who
plays
deep
behind
the
other
defenders
and
protects
against
long
passes
•
The
experienced
safety
read
the
play
perfectly
and
intercepted
the
pass
.
The
experienced
safety
read
the
play
perfectly
and
intercepted
the
pass
.
•
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
starting
safety
on
her
college
team
.
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
starting
safety
on
her
college
team
.
professional
adjective
relating
to
a
job
that
needs
special
training
and
is
done
for
pay
rather
than
as
a
hobby
•
Maria
hired
a
professional
photographer
for
her
wedding
.
Maria
hired
a
professional
photographer
for
her
wedding
.
•
He
dreams
of
becoming
a
professional
musician
instead
of
playing
in
his
garage
on
weekends
.
He
dreams
of
becoming
a
professional
musician
instead
of
playing
in
his
garage
on
weekends
.
adjective
behaving
in
a
polite
,
skilled
,
and
responsible
way
that
people
expect
in
the
workplace
•
Even
when
the
customer
yelled
,
the
clerk
stayed
calm
and
professional
.
Even
when
the
customer
yelled
,
the
clerk
stayed
calm
and
professional
.
•
Your
report
looks
very
professional
with
those
clear
charts
.
Your
report
looks
very
professional
with
those
clear
charts
.
noun
a
person
who
does
a
job
that
needs
special
training
and
who
is
paid
for
that
work
•
You
should
let
a
professional
fix
the
wiring
instead
of
doing
it
yourself
.
You
should
let
a
professional
fix
the
wiring
instead
of
doing
it
yourself
.
•
Doctors
,
lawyers
,
and
teachers
are
all
examples
of
professionals
.
Doctors
,
lawyers
,
and
teachers
are
all
examples
of
professionals
.
noun
a
person
with
special
training
and
qualifications
who
does
a
skilled
job
as
their
main
paid
work
•
The
hospital
hired
a
professional
to
maintain
its
computer
network
.
The
hospital
hired
a
professional
to
maintain
its
computer
network
.
•
If
you
are
unsure
about
your
taxes
,
talk
to
a
financial
professional
.
If
you
are
unsure
about
your
taxes
,
talk
to
a
financial
professional
.
noun
a
person
who
earns
money
by
playing
a
sport
or
doing
an
activity
that
many
people
do
only
for
fun
•
After
years
of
practice
,
Maya
finally
became
a
tennis
professional
.
After
years
of
practice
,
Maya
finally
became
a
tennis
professional
.
•
The
golf
professional
gave
us
a
lesson
on
improving
our
swing
.
The
golf
professional
gave
us
a
lesson
on
improving
our
swing
.
adjective
connected
with
the
work
,
standards
,
or
rules
of
people
who
are
specially
trained
in
a
particular
job
•
She
wore
a
suit
to
give
a
professional
presentation
to
the
clients
.
She
wore
a
suit
to
give
a
professional
presentation
to
the
clients
.
•
The
company
is
seeking
professional
advice
before
expanding
overseas
.
The
company
is
seeking
professional
advice
before
expanding
overseas
.
adjective
done
as
a
paid
occupation
rather
than
as
a
hobby
•
He
bought
a
high-end
camera
because
he
is
a
professional
photographer
.
He
bought
a
high-end
camera
because
he
is
a
professional
photographer
.
•
The
town
invited
a
professional
chef
to
judge
the
cooking
contest
.
The
town
invited
a
professional
chef
to
judge
the
cooking
contest
.
adjective
showing
the
skill
,
care
,
and
responsible
behaviour
expected
in
paid
skilled
work
•
Despite
the
noisy
crowd
,
the
actor
stayed
professional
on
stage
.
Despite
the
noisy
crowd
,
the
actor
stayed
professional
on
stage
.
•
Her
email
was
short
,
clear
,
and
professional
.
Her
email
was
short
,
clear
,
and
professional
.
refer
verb
-
refer
,
referring
,
refers
,
referred
to
mention
or
speak
about
someone
or
something
•
In
his
speech
,
the
mayor
referred
to
the
new
hospital
several
times
.
In
his
speech
,
the
mayor
referred
to
the
new
hospital
several
times
.
•
Please
don't
refer
to
her
mistakes
during
the
meeting
.
Please
don't
refer
to
her
mistakes
during
the
meeting
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
‘
referre
’
meaning
“
bring
back
,
report
.”
verb
-
refer
,
referring
,
refers
,
referred
to
be
about
,
relate
to
,
or
describe
something
•
The
code
name
'Project
Sunrise'
refers
to
the
company's
renewable
energy
plan
.
The
code
name
'Project
Sunrise'
refers
to
the
company's
renewable
energy
plan
.
•
This
rule
refers
only
to
full-time
employees
.
This
rule
refers
only
to
full-time
employees
.
verb
-
refer
,
referring
,
refers
,
referred
to
look
at
a
book
,
chart
,
or
other
source
of
information
for
help
•
If
you
’
re
not
sure
of
the
answer
,
refer
to
the
instruction
manual
.
If
you
’
re
not
sure
of
the
answer
,
refer
to
the
instruction
manual
.
•
Students
can
refer
to
the
glossary
for
difficult
terms
.
Students
can
refer
to
the
glossary
for
difficult
terms
.
verb
-
refer
,
referring
,
refers
,
referred
to
send
someone
to
another
person
or
place
for
advice
,
help
,
or
treatment
•
The
family
doctor
referred
the
patient
to
a
heart
specialist
.
The
family
doctor
referred
the
patient
to
a
heart
specialist
.
•
My
teacher
referred
me
to
a
helpful
website
for
extra
practice
.
My
teacher
referred
me
to
a
helpful
website
for
extra
practice
.
verb
-
refer
,
referring
,
refers
,
referred
to
pass
a
matter
to
someone
with
higher
authority
to
deal
with
•
The
police
referred
the
case
to
the
public
prosecutor
.
The
police
referred
the
case
to
the
public
prosecutor
.
•
Any
big
budget
changes
must
be
referred
to
the
board
.
Any
big
budget
changes
must
be
referred
to
the
board
.
effective
adjective
producing
the
result
that
you
want
•
Taking
notes
during
class
is
an
effective
way
to
remember
the
material
.
Taking
notes
during
class
is
an
effective
way
to
remember
the
material
.
•
The
mosquito
spray
was
so
effective
that
no
one
got
bitten
.
The
mosquito
spray
was
so
effective
that
no
one
got
bitten
.
adjective
starting
to
be
used
and
having
legal
or
practical
force
•
The
new
parking
rules
will
be
effective
next
Monday
.
The
new
parking
rules
will
be
effective
next
Monday
.
•
The
price
changes
become
effective
at
the
start
of
the
new
year
.
The
price
changes
become
effective
at
the
start
of
the
new
year
.
adjective
producing
a
strong
or
pleasing
impression
•
The
play
used
simple
lights
,
but
the
results
were
very
effective
.
The
play
used
simple
lights
,
but
the
results
were
very
effective
.
•
His
effective
speech
inspired
the
whole
audience
.
His
effective
speech
inspired
the
whole
audience
.
coffee
noun
a
hot
or
cold
drink
made
by
passing
water
through
ground
roasted
coffee
beans
•
I
like
to
drink
coffee
every
morning
to
wake
up
.
I
like
to
drink
coffee
every
morning
to
wake
up
.
•
Would
you
like
a
cup
of
coffee
with
your
dessert
?
Would
you
like
a
cup
of
coffee
with
your
dessert
?
From
Arabic
“
qahwa
”
through
Turkish
“
kahve
”
and
Italian
“
caffè
,”
entering
English
in
the
16th
century
.
noun
the
roasted
beans
or
brown
powder
from
the
coffee
plant
that
are
used
to
make
the
drink
•
We
ground
fresh
coffee
for
the
guests
.
We
ground
fresh
coffee
for
the
guests
.
•
The
kitchen
smelled
of
roasted
coffee
and
cinnamon
.
The
kitchen
smelled
of
roasted
coffee
and
cinnamon
.
noun
an
informal
meeting
or
short
break
when
people
get
together
to
talk
,
usually
while
drinking
coffee
•
Let's
meet
for
coffee
after
class
.
Let's
meet
for
coffee
after
class
.
•
Our
manager
called
the
team
to
a
quick
coffee
at
10
a
.
m
.
Our
manager
called
the
team
to
a
quick
coffee
at
10
a
.
m
.
noun
-
coffee
a
dark
brown
colour
that
looks
like
the
drink
•
He
painted
the
wall
a
warm
shade
of
coffee
.
He
painted
the
wall
a
warm
shade
of
coffee
.
•
The
designer
chose
a
coffee
sofa
for
the
living
room
.
The
designer
chose
a
coffee
sofa
for
the
living
room
.
feed
verb
-
feed
,
feeding
,
feeds
,
fed
to
give
food
to
a
person
or
animal
•
Every
evening
,
Mia
feeds
her
cat
with
a
bowl
of
chicken
.
Every
evening
,
Mia
feeds
her
cat
with
a
bowl
of
chicken
.
•
The
farmer
fed
the
horses
fresh
hay
before
sunrise
.
The
farmer
fed
the
horses
fresh
hay
before
sunrise
.
verb
-
feed
,
feeding
,
feeds
,
fed
to
eat
or
obtain
food
,
especially
animals
eating
continuously
•
In
summer
,
the
deer
feed on
the
tender
grass
near
the
river
.
In
summer
,
the
deer
feed on
the
tender
grass
near
the
river
.
•
The
baby
birds
fed on
insects
that
their
mother
brought
.
The
baby
birds
fed on
insects
that
their
mother
brought
.
noun
-
feed
food
given
to
farm
animals
•
The
farmer
bought
a
truckload
of
chicken
feed
from
the
supply
store
.
The
farmer
bought
a
truckload
of
chicken
feed
from
the
supply
store
.
•
Store
the
cattle
feed
in
a
dry
place
to
keep
it
fresh
.
Store
the
cattle
feed
in
a
dry
place
to
keep
it
fresh
.
noun
a
continuous
stream
of
information
or
images
,
especially
on
social
media
or
in
broadcasting
•
She
scrolled
through
her
Instagram
feed
while
waiting
for
the
bus
.
She
scrolled
through
her
Instagram
feed
while
waiting
for
the
bus
.
•
The
live
video
feed
cut
out
during
the
storm
.
The
live
video
feed
cut
out
during
the
storm
.
verb
-
feed
,
feeding
,
feeds
,
fed
to
supply
a
machine
,
system
,
or
process
with
material
or
information
•
He
fed
the
documents
into
the
scanner
one
by
one
.
He
fed
the
documents
into
the
scanner
one
by
one
.
•
The
program
automatically
feeds
data
to
the
main
server
every
hour
.
The
program
automatically
feeds
data
to
the
main
server
every
hour
.
verb
-
feed
,
feeding
,
feeds
,
fed
to
supply
or
add
something
that
sustains
or
increases
another
thing
,
such
as
water
,
money
,
or
energy
•
A
small
creek
feeds
the
larger
river
during
the
rainy
season
.
A
small
creek
feeds
the
larger
river
during
the
rainy
season
.
•
Melting
snow
from
the
mountains
feeds
the
reservoir
.
Melting
snow
from
the
mountains
feeds
the
reservoir
.
female
adjective
belonging
to
or
characteristic
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
give
birth
•
The
vet
examined
the
female
dog
to
make
sure
she
was
healthy
.
The
vet
examined
the
female
dog
to
make
sure
she
was
healthy
.
•
Only
the
female
plants
produce
fruit
on
this
farm
.
Only
the
female
plants
produce
fruit
on
this
farm
.
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
‘
femella
’,
diminutive
of
‘
femina
’
meaning
‘
woman
’.
adjective
describing
a
person
,
animal
,
or
plant
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
The
female
lion
hunts
while
the
male
guards
the
pride
.
The
female
lion
hunts
while
the
male
guards
the
pride
.
•
Our
science
class
studied
how
female
flowers
develop
seeds
after
pollination
.
Our
science
class
studied
how
female
flowers
develop
seeds
after
pollination
.
noun
a
woman
,
girl
,
or
any
animal
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
A
young
female
was
elected
president
of
the
student
council
.
A
young
female
was
elected
president
of
the
student
council
.
•
The
zoo
welcomed
a
new
panda
,
a
five-year-old
female
named
Mei
.
The
zoo
welcomed
a
new
panda
,
a
five-year-old
female
named
Mei
.
noun
a
woman
,
girl
,
or
any
animal
or
plant
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
The
wildlife
biologist
tagged
each
female
to
study
her
nesting
habits
.
The
wildlife
biologist
tagged
each
female
to
study
her
nesting
habits
.
•
One
female
and
two
male
engineers
led
the
robotics
project
.
One
female
and
two
male
engineers
led
the
robotics
project
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
from
Latin
‘
femella
’,
little
woman
.
adjective
describing
a
fitting
or
part
with
a
hollow
opening
into
which
another
(
male
)
part
is
inserted
•
Plug
the
cable
into
the
female
port
on
the
back
of
the
computer
.
Plug
the
cable
into
the
female
port
on
the
back
of
the
computer
.
•
The
lamp
uses
a
female
socket
to
hold
the
bulb
securely
.
The
lamp
uses
a
female
socket
to
hold
the
bulb
securely
.
noun
a
connector
or
fitting
with
a
hollow
opening
designed
to
receive
a
pin
or
plug
,
the
opposite
of
a
male
connector
•
Plug
the
charger
into
the
female
socket
on
the
wall
.
Plug
the
charger
into
the
female
socket
on
the
wall
.
•
The
cable
has
a
female
USB
connector
at
one
end
and
a
male
at
the
other
.
The
cable
has
a
female
USB
connector
at
one
end
and
a
male
at
the
other
.
By
analogy
with
biological
terms
,
first
recorded
in
engineering
contexts
in
the
late
19th
century
.
defend
verb
to
protect
someone
or
something
from
harm
,
danger
,
or
attack
•
The
knight
raised
his
shield
to
defend
the
village
from
invaders
.
The
knight
raised
his
shield
to
defend
the
village
from
invaders
.
•
A
sturdy
umbrella
can
defend
you
against
heavy
summer
rain
.
A
sturdy
umbrella
can
defend
you
against
heavy
summer
rain
.
From
Latin
‘
defendere
’
meaning
‘
to
ward
off
,
protect
’.
verb
in
team
sports
,
to
try
to
stop
the
opposing
side
from
scoring
•
The
goalkeeper
leaped
to
defend
against
the
penalty
kick
.
The
goalkeeper
leaped
to
defend
against
the
penalty
kick
.
•
Our
team
needs
to
defend
better
in
the
second
half
.
Our
team
needs
to
defend
better
in
the
second
half
.
Sports
writers
began
using
‘
defend
’
for
preventing
scores
in
the
late
19th
century
.
verb
to
speak
or
act
in
support
of
someone
or
something
,
especially
when
they
are
criticized
or
accused
•
The
lawyer
promised
to
defend
his
client
vigorously
in
court
.
The
lawyer
promised
to
defend
his
client
vigorously
in
court
.
•
She
went
on
television
to
defend
the
new
policy
against
criticism
.
She
went
on
television
to
defend
the
new
policy
against
criticism
.
The
sense
of
‘
argue
in
favor
’
developed
from
the
physical
idea
of
protection
in
the
late
Middle
Ages
.
verb
to
try
to
win
again
a
title
,
position
,
or
record
that
you
already
hold
•
The
champion
boxer
will
defend
his
title
next
Saturday
.
The
champion
boxer
will
defend
his
title
next
Saturday
.
•
She
trained
all
year
to
defend
her
marathon
crown
.
She
trained
all
year
to
defend
her
marathon
crown
.
This
sporting
sense
grew
from
‘
protect
what
one
has
’
in
the
early
20th
century
.
reference
noun
a
mention
of
a
person
,
thing
,
or
idea
in
speech
or
writing
•
In
his
speech
,
the
mayor
made
a
reference
to
the
town's
history
.
In
his
speech
,
the
mayor
made
a
reference
to
the
town's
history
.
•
The
cartoon
includes
a
clever
pop-culture
reference
that
adults
notice
instantly
.
The
cartoon
includes
a
clever
pop-culture
reference
that
adults
notice
instantly
.
noun
a
book
,
article
,
document
,
or
other
source
you
use
to
get
information
•
Always
list
every
book
you
use
as
a
reference
at
the
end
of
your
essay
.
Always
list
every
book
you
use
as
a
reference
at
the
end
of
your
essay
.
•
The
encyclopedia
is
a
useful
reference
for
quick
facts
.
The
encyclopedia
is
a
useful
reference
for
quick
facts
.
noun
a
letter
or
person
who
gives
information
about
your
character
and
abilities
when
you
apply
for
a
job
,
school
,
or
apartment
•
Could
you
write
me
a
reference
for
the
scholarship
committee
?
Could
you
write
me
a
reference
for
the
scholarship
committee
?
•
The
hiring
manager
called
my
former
boss
for
a
reference
.
The
hiring
manager
called
my
former
boss
for
a
reference
.
verb
-
reference
,
referencing
,
references
,
referenced
to
mention
or
point
to
a
source
,
person
,
or
idea
when
speaking
or
writing
•
In
your
report
,
be
sure
to
reference
the
original
study
.
In
your
report
,
be
sure
to
reference
the
original
study
.
•
The
notice
references
city
ordinance
12-B
.
The
notice
references
city
ordinance
12-B
.
prefer
verb
-
prefer
,
preferring
,
prefers
,
preferred
to
like
one
thing
,
person
,
or
action
more
than
another
and
choose
it
if
you
can
•
Most
kids
prefer
ice
cream
to
vegetables
.
Most
kids
prefer
ice
cream
to
vegetables
.
•
I
prefer
walking
to
work
because
it
helps
me
wake
up
.
I
prefer
walking
to
work
because
it
helps
me
wake
up
.
From
Latin
praeferre
“
to
carry
before
,
esteem
more
highly
,”
from
prae
“
before
”
+
ferre
“
to
carry
.”
verb
-
prefer
,
preferring
,
prefers
,
preferred
(
law
)
to
give
one
person
or
creditor
priority
over
another
when
paying
debts
or
distributing
money
•
Under
bankruptcy
rules
,
a
company
cannot
prefer
certain
creditors
unfairly
.
Under
bankruptcy
rules
,
a
company
cannot
prefer
certain
creditors
unfairly
.
•
The
trustee
discovered
payments
that
preferred
the
CEO
’
s
relatives
.
The
trustee
discovered
payments
that
preferred
the
CEO
’
s
relatives
.
verb
-
prefer
,
preferring
,
prefers
,
preferred
(
formal
)
to
officially
present
or
submit
a
charge
,
accusation
,
or
request
for
consideration
•
The
prosecutor
decided
to
prefer
charges
against
the
suspect
.
The
prosecutor
decided
to
prefer
charges
against
the
suspect
.
•
Citizens
may
prefer
a
petition
to
the
committee
for
review
.
Citizens
may
prefer
a
petition
to
the
committee
for
review
.
fee
noun
an
amount
of
money
you
pay
to
receive
a
service
,
join
something
,
or
be
allowed
to
do
something
•
We
had
to
pay
a
small
fee
to
enter
the
museum
.
We
had
to
pay
a
small
fee
to
enter
the
museum
.
•
The
lawyer
explained
her
hourly
fee
before
starting
the
case
.
The
lawyer
explained
her
hourly
fee
before
starting
the
case
.
From
Middle
English
fe
,
from
Anglo-French
fee
,
from
Old
French
fieu
,
fee
“
feudal
payment
,”
from
Medieval
Latin
feodum
“
fief
.”
noun
(
law
,
historical
)
an
inheritable
estate
in
land
,
especially
one
held
in
feudal
tenure
,
as
in
fee
simple
or
fee
tail
•
The
land
was
granted
to
the
knight
in
fee
,
allowing
his
heirs
to
inherit
it
.
The
land
was
granted
to
the
knight
in
fee
,
allowing
his
heirs
to
inherit
it
.
•
Under
English
law
,
a
fee
simple
gives
the
owner
absolute
title
to
the
property
.
Under
English
law
,
a
fee
simple
gives
the
owner
absolute
title
to
the
property
.
Same
origin
as
modern
noun
sense
,
but
the
legal
meaning
developed
in
medieval
English
law
referring
to
inheritable
real
property
.
verb
-
fee
,
feeing
,
fees
,
feed
(
archaic
)
to
pay
someone
for
services
rendered
;
to
reward
with
money
•
Kings
would
fee
their
messengers
to
ensure
swift
delivery
of
news
.
Kings
would
fee
their
messengers
to
ensure
swift
delivery
of
news
.
•
The
wealthy
merchant
fees
his
guards
at
the
end
of
every
voyage
.
The
wealthy
merchant
fees
his
guards
at
the
end
of
every
voyage
.
Verb
use
evolved
from
the
noun
meaning
“
payment
,”
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
leaf
verb
-
leaf
,
leafing
,
leaves
,
leafed
(
of
a
plant
or
tree
)
to
put
out
new
leaves
•
The
cherry
trees
will
leaf
in
early
April
,
covering
the
park
in
green
.
The
cherry
trees
will
leaf
in
early
April
,
covering
the
park
in
green
.
•
Once
the
oaks
leaf
out
,
the
forest
becomes
much
shadier
.
Once
the
oaks
leaf
out
,
the
forest
becomes
much
shadier
.
verb
-
leaf
,
leafing
,
leaves
,
leafed
to
turn
the
pages
of
a
book
,
magazine
,
or
document
quickly
,
often
looking
for
something
•
She
leafed
through
the
cookbook
looking
for
a
vegetarian
recipe
.
She
leafed
through
the
cookbook
looking
for
a
vegetarian
recipe
.
•
He
sat
in
the
waiting
room
and
leafed
a
travel
magazine
.
He
sat
in
the
waiting
room
and
leafed
a
travel
magazine
.
golf
verb
To
play
the
sport
of
golf
.
•
They
love
to
golf
together
during
their
vacations
.
They
love
to
golf
together
during
their
vacations
.
•
We
golfed
nine
holes
before
the
rain
started
.
We
golfed
nine
holes
before
the
rain
started
.
Verbal
use
from
the
noun
"
golf
."
Earliest
recorded
18th
century
.
knife
noun
-
knife
,
knives
a
tool
or
utensil
with
a
sharp-edged
blade
fixed
in
a
handle
,
used
for
cutting
food
,
materials
,
or
other
objects
•
Carefully
,
Mia
used
a
sharp
knife
to
slice
a
ripe
tomato
.
Carefully
,
Mia
used
a
sharp
knife
to
slice
a
ripe
tomato
.
•
The
picnic
basket
held
plates
,
forks
,
and
a
small
knife
for
spreading
butter
on
bread
.
The
picnic
basket
held
plates
,
forks
,
and
a
small
knife
for
spreading
butter
on
bread
.
Old
English
cnīf
,
from
Old
Norse
knífr
,
meaning
“
blade
”
or
“
instrument
for
cutting
”.
verb
-
knife
,
knifing
,
knifes
,
knifed
to
stab
,
cut
,
or
wound
a
person
or
object
using
a
knife
•
In
the
novel
,
the
villain
threatened
to
knife
the
detective
during
a
tense
confrontation
.
In
the
novel
,
the
villain
threatened
to
knife
the
detective
during
a
tense
confrontation
.
•
With
a
swift
motion
,
she
knifed
open
the
thick
package
to
see
what
was
inside
.
With
a
swift
motion
,
she
knifed
open
the
thick
package
to
see
what
was
inside
.
Verb
sense
developed
from
the
noun
in
Middle
English
,
meaning
“
to
attack
with
a
knife
”.
fellow
noun
an
informal
word
for
a
man
or
boy
•
A
friendly
fellow
helped
me
carry
my
groceries
up
the
stairs
.
A
friendly
fellow
helped
me
carry
my
groceries
up
the
stairs
.
•
The
fellow
at
the
ticket
counter
answered
all
our
questions
with
a
smile
.
The
fellow
at
the
ticket
counter
answered
all
our
questions
with
a
smile
.
adjective
belonging
to
the
same
group
,
activity
,
or
situation
as
you
•
During
orientation
,
we
met
our
fellow
students
from
different
countries
.
During
orientation
,
we
met
our
fellow
students
from
different
countries
.
•
She
apologized
to
her
fellow
passengers
for
blocking
the
aisle
.
She
apologized
to
her
fellow
passengers
for
blocking
the
aisle
.
noun
a
member
of
a
university
,
college
,
or
learned
society
who
receives
a
special
scholarship
,
position
,
or
honor
•
After
completing
his
PhD
,
Luis
became
a
research
fellow
at
the
university
.
After
completing
his
PhD
,
Luis
became
a
research
fellow
at
the
university
.
•
The
Royal
Society
elected
her
a
fellow
for
her
groundbreaking
work
in
physics
.
The
Royal
Society
elected
her
a
fellow
for
her
groundbreaking
work
in
physics
.
proof
verb
to
treat
or
cover
something
so
that
it
becomes
resistant
to
water
,
fire
,
etc
.
•
We
need
to
proof
the
tent
before
our
camping
trip
.
We
need
to
proof
the
tent
before
our
camping
trip
.
•
The
laboratory
proofed
the
fabric
against
chemical
spills
.
The
laboratory
proofed
the
fabric
against
chemical
spills
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
idea
of
‘
making
something
proof
’—
ensuring
it
passes
a
test
of
resistance
.
verb
to
allow
bread
dough
to
rest
so
that
it
rises
before
baking
•
Cover
the
bowl
and
let
the
dough
proof
for
an
hour
.
Cover
the
bowl
and
let
the
dough
proof
for
an
hour
.
•
The
baker
proofed
the
baguette
dough
twice
for
better
texture
.
The
baker
proofed
the
baguette
dough
twice
for
better
texture
.
Baking
sense
arose
in
the
19th
century
from
‘
prove
the
yeast
’—
testing
that
it
was
active
by
letting
dough
rise
.
brief
adjective
-
brief
,
briefer
,
briefest
lasting
only
a
short
time
•
Their
meeting
was
brief
,
finishing
in
just
ten
minutes
.
Their
meeting
was
brief
,
finishing
in
just
ten
minutes
.
•
After
a
brief
pause
,
the
actor
continued
speaking
.
After
a
brief
pause
,
the
actor
continued
speaking
.
adjective
-
brief
,
briefer
,
briefest
expressed
in
few
words
;
concise
•
Keep
your
introduction
brief
so
everyone
has
time
to
speak
.
Keep
your
introduction
brief
so
everyone
has
time
to
speak
.
•
The
email
was
brief
but
clear
.
The
email
was
brief
but
clear
.
verb
to
give
someone
information
or
instructions
in
a
short
summary
•
Before
the
flight
,
the
captain
briefed
the
crew
on
safety
procedures
.
Before
the
flight
,
the
captain
briefed
the
crew
on
safety
procedures
.
•
The
spokesperson
will
brief
reporters
after
the
meeting
.
The
spokesperson
will
brief
reporters
after
the
meeting
.
transfer
verb
-
transfer
,
transferring
,
transfers
,
transferred
to
move
a
person
or
physical
object
from
one
place
to
another
•
The
museum
will
transfer
the
ancient
vase
to
a
climate-controlled
room
tomorrow
.
The
museum
will
transfer
the
ancient
vase
to
a
climate-controlled
room
tomorrow
.
•
Please
transfer
the
boxes
from
the
truck
to
the
warehouse
before
it
rains
.
Please
transfer
the
boxes
from
the
truck
to
the
warehouse
before
it
rains
.
from
Latin
‘
transferre
’
meaning
‘
to
carry
across
’ (
trans
‘
across
’
+
ferre
‘
to
carry
’)
verb
-
transfer
,
transferring
,
transfers
,
transferred
to
move
money
,
files
,
or
data
electronically
from
one
account
or
device
to
another
•
I
just
transfered
Wait
correct
:
I
just
transferred
the
photos
from
my
phone
to
my
laptop
.
I
just
transfered
Wait
correct
:
I
just
transferred
the
photos
from
my
phone
to
my
laptop
.
•
You
can
transfer
funds
to
another
bank
account
using
the
app
.
You
can
transfer
funds
to
another
bank
account
using
the
app
.
verb
-
transfer
,
transferring
,
transfers
,
transferred
to
change
from
one
vehicle
,
route
,
or
form
of
transport
to
another
during
a
journey
•
We
have
to
transfer
at
Central
Station
to
catch
the
express
train
.
We
have
to
transfer
at
Central
Station
to
catch
the
express
train
.
•
Passengers
should
transfer
to
the
green
line
at
the
next
stop
.
Passengers
should
transfer
to
the
green
line
at
the
next
stop
.
noun
the
act
or
process
of
moving
something
or
someone
from
one
place
,
position
,
or
ownership
to
another
•
The
hospital
arranged
a
transfer
of
the
patient
to
a
specialist
clinic
.
The
hospital
arranged
a
transfer
of
the
patient
to
a
specialist
clinic
.
•
Data
transfer
between
the
old
and
new
servers
will
happen
overnight
.
Data
transfer
between
the
old
and
new
servers
will
happen
overnight
.
noun
a
ticket
or
permission
that
lets
you
continue
a
journey
on
another
bus
,
train
,
or
line
without
paying
again
•
Ask
the
driver
for
a
transfer
if
you
need
to
catch
the
next
bus
.
Ask
the
driver
for
a
transfer
if
you
need
to
catch
the
next
bus
.
•
Your
subway
transfer
is
valid
for
ninety
minutes
.
Your
subway
transfer
is
valid
for
ninety
minutes
.
verb
-
transfer
,
transferring
,
transfers
,
transferred
to
move
to
a
different
job
,
school
,
team
,
or
department
within
an
organization
•
My
sister
hopes
to
transfer
to
the
company
’
s
Paris
office
next
year
.
My
sister
hopes
to
transfer
to
the
company
’
s
Paris
office
next
year
.
•
After
two
semesters
,
he
decided
to
transfer
to
a
university
closer
to
home
.
After
two
semesters
,
he
decided
to
transfer
to
a
university
closer
to
home
.
perfectly
adverb
in
a
flawless
way
,
without
any
errors
or
defects
•
The
gymnast
landed
her
routine
perfectly
,
drawing
loud
applause
from
the
crowd
.
The
gymnast
landed
her
routine
perfectly
,
drawing
loud
applause
from
the
crowd
.
•
He
adjusted
the
camera
settings
until
the
picture
looked
perfectly
sharp
on
the
screen
.
He
adjusted
the
camera
settings
until
the
picture
looked
perfectly
sharp
on
the
screen
.
From
perfect
+
-ly
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
adverb
completely
or
absolutely
,
used
to
emphasize
an
adjective
,
verb
,
or
clause
•
I
am
perfectly
aware
of
the
consequences
of
this
decision
.
I
am
perfectly
aware
of
the
consequences
of
this
decision
.
•
It
was
a
warm
evening
,
and
the
children
felt
perfectly
fine
playing
outside
.
It
was
a
warm
evening
,
and
the
children
felt
perfectly
fine
playing
outside
.
Intensifying
use
attested
from
the
16th
century
,
extending
the
literal
sense
of
“
in
a
perfect
manner
.”
fewer
determiner
-
few
,
fewer
,
fewest
used
before
plural
countable
nouns
to
show
a
smaller
number
than
another
amount
or
than
before
•
Fewer
cars
are
on
the
road
during
the
holiday
.
Fewer
cars
are
on
the
road
during
the
holiday
.
•
Eating
fewer
sweets
can
help
keep
your
teeth
healthy
.
Eating
fewer
sweets
can
help
keep
your
teeth
healthy
.
pronoun
-
few
,
fewer
,
fewest
a
smaller
number
of
people
or
things
,
used
without
a
following
noun
•
Fewer
came
to
the
meeting
than
we
expected
.
Fewer
came
to
the
meeting
than
we
expected
.
•
After
lunch
,
fewer
remained
on
the
plate
.
After
lunch
,
fewer
remained
on
the
plate
.
offense
noun
an
action
that
breaks
the
law
;
a
crime
.
•
Shoplifting
is
a
minor
offense
but
can
still
lead
to
a
fine
.
Shoplifting
is
a
minor
offense
but
can
still
lead
to
a
fine
.
•
Driving
under
the
influence
is
a
serious
offense
in
every
state
.
Driving
under
the
influence
is
a
serious
offense
in
every
state
.
From
Old
French
offense
,
from
Latin
offensa
meaning
‘
a
striking
against
’.
noun
words
or
behavior
that
upset
or
insult
someone
;
the
feeling
of
being
hurt
by
them
.
•
I
meant
no
offense
by
my
comment
.
I
meant
no
offense
by
my
comment
.
•
He
took
offense
at
the
joke
and
left
the
room
.
He
took
offense
at
the
joke
and
left
the
room
.
Extended
from
the
legal
sense
to
emotional
hurt
in
the
14th
century
.
noun
the
group
of
players
or
tactics
used
to
attack
and
score
points
in
a
sport
or
game
.
•
The
team's
offense
scored
three
touchdowns
in
the
first
quarter
.
The
team's
offense
scored
three
touchdowns
in
the
first
quarter
.
•
Our
new
coach
focuses
on
a
fast-paced
offense
.
Our
new
coach
focuses
on
a
fast-paced
offense
.
Sports
sense
developed
in
American
English
in
the
late
19th
century
from
military
use
meaning
‘
attacking
force
’.
offence
noun
an
action
that
breaks
the
law
;
a
crime
.
•
Shoplifting
is
a
minor
offence
but
can
still
lead
to
a
fine
.
Shoplifting
is
a
minor
offence
but
can
still
lead
to
a
fine
.
•
Drink-driving
is
a
serious
offence
in
the
UK
.
Drink-driving
is
a
serious
offence
in
the
UK
.
From
Old
French
offense
,
later
adapted
in
British
spelling
to
offence
.
noun
words
or
behaviour
that
upset
or
insult
someone
;
the
feeling
of
being
hurt
by
them
.
•
I
meant
no
offence
by
what
I
said
.
I
meant
no
offence
by
what
I
said
.
•
She
took
offence
at
his
remarks
about
her
accent
.
She
took
offence
at
his
remarks
about
her
accent
.
Parallel
development
in
British
English
following
the
legal
sense
.
noun
the
group
of
players
or
tactics
used
to
attack
and
score
points
in
a
sport
or
game
.
•
The
team's
offence
dominated
throughout
the
match
.
The
team's
offence
dominated
throughout
the
match
.
•
Their
coach
prefers
a
possession-based
offence
.
Their
coach
prefers
a
possession-based
offence
.
Borrowed
from
American
sporting
terminology
, ‘
offence
’
entered
UK
sports
writing
in
the
20th
century
.
roof
verb
to
put
or
build
a
roof
on
something
;
to
cover
the
top
of
a
building
•
They
hired
experts
to
roof
the
new
house
with
solar
panels
.
They
hired
experts
to
roof
the
new
house
with
solar
panels
.
•
The
shed
was
quickly
roofed
with
corrugated
sheets
before
the
storm
arrived
.
The
shed
was
quickly
roofed
with
corrugated
sheets
before
the
storm
arrived
.
Old
English
“
hrōfian
,”
from
the
noun
“
roof
,”
meaning
“
to
provide
with
a
covering
above
.”
effectively
adverb
in
a
successful
or
efficient
way
that
produces
the
intended
result
•
The
new
water
filter
effectively
removed
all
the
impurities
from
the
river
water
.
The
new
water
filter
effectively
removed
all
the
impurities
from
the
river
water
.
•
By
organizing
her
notes
,
Maria
studied
effectively
for
the
exam
.
By
organizing
her
notes
,
Maria
studied
effectively
for
the
exam
.
From
adjective
effective
+
adverbial
suffix
-ly
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
.
adverb
used
to
say
that
something
is
true
or
happens
in
practice
even
though
it
is
not
officially
recognized
or
perfectly
exact
•
After
the
manager
quit
,
Jenna
was
effectively
in
charge
of
the
whole
store
.
After
the
manager
quit
,
Jenna
was
effectively
in
charge
of
the
whole
store
.
•
The
village
was
effectively
cut
off
when
the
only
bridge
collapsed
.
The
village
was
effectively
cut
off
when
the
only
bridge
collapsed
.
Same
origin
as
other
sense
:
from
effective
+
-ly
,
but
this
pragmatic
meaning
developed
in
the
18th
century
to
express
the
idea
of
‘
in
effect
’.
infection
noun
a
specific
illness
in
part
of
the
body
caused
by
invading
germs
•
He
went
to
the
doctor
with
a
painful
ear
infection
.
He
went
to
the
doctor
with
a
painful
ear
infection
.
•
Antibiotics
cleared
her
chest
infection
within
a
week
.
Antibiotics
cleared
her
chest
infection
within
a
week
.
noun
the
invasion
and
growth
of
germs
in
the
body
that
can
make
a
person
or
animal
sick
•
Proper
hand
washing
can
help
prevent
infection
after
surgery
.
Proper
hand
washing
can
help
prevent
infection
after
surgery
.
•
The
patient's
body
was
fighting
a
severe
infection
caused
by
bacteria
.
The
patient's
body
was
fighting
a
severe
infection
caused
by
bacteria
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
infectiō
‘
dyeing
,
infecting
’,
from
in-
‘
into
’
+
facere
‘
put
,
do
’.
noun
the
gradual
spread
of
a
harmful
influence
,
emotion
,
or
idea
among
people
•
The
infection
of
fear
spread
quickly
through
the
crowd
.
The
infection
of
fear
spread
quickly
through
the
crowd
.
•
Some
journalists
warned
about
the
infection
of
corruption
in
local
politics
.
Some
journalists
warned
about
the
infection
of
corruption
in
local
politics
.
festival
noun
a
special
day
or
group
of
days
when
people
gather
to
celebrate
a
religious
,
cultural
,
or
seasonal
event
with
public
activities
,
food
,
and
fun
•
The
city
streets
were
bright
with
lanterns
during
the
spring
festival
.
The
city
streets
were
bright
with
lanterns
during
the
spring
festival
.
•
At
the
Diwali
festival
,
families
light
candles
and
share
sweets
.
At
the
Diwali
festival
,
families
light
candles
and
share
sweets
.
noun
an
organized
event
,
often
lasting
several
days
,
where
many
performances
,
films
,
or
other
works
in
one
art
form
are
shown
to
the
public
•
The
Glastonbury
music
festival
attracts
thousands
of
fans
each
year
.
The
Glastonbury
music
festival
attracts
thousands
of
fans
each
year
.
•
She
submitted
her
documentary
to
the
international
film
festival
.
She
submitted
her
documentary
to
the
international
film
festival
.
lifetime
noun
the
whole
period
during
which
a
person
or
other
living
thing
is
alive
•
During
her
lifetime
,
she
traveled
to
over
fifty
countries
.
During
her
lifetime
,
she
traveled
to
over
fifty
countries
.
•
The
scientist
became
world-famous
only
after
his
lifetime
.
The
scientist
became
world-famous
only
after
his
lifetime
.
Formed
from
life
+
time
in
the
14th
century
to
mean
the
duration
of
a
person
’
s
life
.
noun
the
length
of
time
that
something
continues
to
work
,
remain
useful
,
or
exist
•
The
LED
bulb
has
a
lifetime
of
about
25
,
000
hours
.
The
LED
bulb
has
a
lifetime
of
about
25
,
000
hours
.
•
Regular
oil
changes
will
extend
the
lifetime
of
your
car
engine
.
Regular
oil
changes
will
extend
the
lifetime
of
your
car
engine
.
By
extension
from
the
human
sense
,
first
recorded
19th
century
in
technical
writing
.
adjective
lasting
for
or
intended
to
last
for
the
whole
of
someone
’
s
life
or
the
whole
existence
of
something
•
She
purchased
a
lifetime
membership
at
the
local
museum
.
She
purchased
a
lifetime
membership
at
the
local
museum
.
•
Winning
the
gold
medal
was
a
lifetime
achievement
for
him
.
Winning
the
gold
medal
was
a
lifetime
achievement
for
him
.
Adjectival
use
developed
in
the
early
20th
century
from
the
noun
form
,
used
attributively
before
another
noun
.
offensive
adjective
rude
or
insulting
in
a
way
that
makes
people
feel
hurt
,
angry
,
or
upset
•
Many
people
found
his
joke
deeply
offensive
.
Many
people
found
his
joke
deeply
offensive
.
•
Please
avoid
using
offensive
language
in
the
classroom
.
Please
avoid
using
offensive
language
in
the
classroom
.
From
Middle
French
offensif
,
from
Latin
offendere
“
to
strike
against
,
to
displease
.”
adjective
designed
for
attacking
rather
than
defending
,
especially
in
war
or
sports
•
The
army
prepared
an
offensive
operation
to
capture
the
bridge
.
The
army
prepared
an
offensive
operation
to
capture
the
bridge
.
•
Our
football
coach
prefers
an
offensive
style
with
quick
passes
.
Our
football
coach
prefers
an
offensive
style
with
quick
passes
.
noun
the
part
of
a
sports
team
or
its
strategy
that
tries
to
score
points
or
goals
•
Our
team's
offensive
struggled
against
their
strong
defense
.
Our
team's
offensive
struggled
against
their
strong
defense
.
•
The
coach
redesigned
the
offensive
to
create
more
scoring
chances
.
The
coach
redesigned
the
offensive
to
create
more
scoring
chances
.
noun
a
large
planned
military
attack
against
an
enemy
•
The
winter
offensive
caught
the
enemy
by
surprise
.
The
winter
offensive
caught
the
enemy
by
surprise
.
•
They
delayed
the
offensive
until
reinforcements
arrived
.
They
delayed
the
offensive
until
reinforcements
arrived
.
defensive
adjective
Intended
to
defend
or
protect
rather
than
to
attack
.
•
The
castle
walls
were
built
extra
thick
to
provide
a
strong
defensive
barrier
against
invaders
.
The
castle
walls
were
built
extra
thick
to
provide
a
strong
defensive
barrier
against
invaders
.
•
The
government
insists
its
new
missile
system
is
purely
defensive
.
The
government
insists
its
new
missile
system
is
purely
defensive
.
From
Latin
dēfēnsus
(
defended
,
protected
)
+
-ive
,
entering
English
in
the
late
17th
century
to
describe
things
meant
for
protection
.
adjective
Quick
to
protect
yourself
from
criticism
or
perceived
attack
,
often
by
justifying
your
actions
.
•
When
her
project
was
questioned
,
Maria
became
defensive
and
explained
every
detail
.
When
her
project
was
questioned
,
Maria
became
defensive
and
explained
every
detail
.
•
Try
not
to
sound
defensive
;
we're
just
trying
to
help
.
Try
not
to
sound
defensive
;
we're
just
trying
to
help
.
Psychological
use
developed
in
the
mid-20th
century
,
extending
the
original
sense
of
protecting
oneself
to
include
protecting
one
’
s
ego
or
self-image
.
wolf
verb
to
eat
something
very
quickly
and
greedily
,
as
if
extremely
hungry
•
After
the
long
hike
,
they
wolfed
their
sandwiches
in
minutes
.
After
the
long
hike
,
they
wolfed
their
sandwiches
in
minutes
.
•
Slow
down
—
you
don't
have
to
wolf
your
food
.
Slow
down
—
you
don't
have
to
wolf
your
food
.
From
the
noun
'wolf'
,
comparing
the
hurried
way
a
wolf
consumes
prey
.
fence
noun
a
structure
,
usually
made
of
wood
,
metal
,
or
wire
,
that
is
built
around
an
area
of
land
to
mark
a
boundary
or
to
keep
people
or
animals
in
or
out
•
A
white
fence
surrounded
the
small
cottage
.
A
white
fence
surrounded
the
small
cottage
.
•
The
ball
flew
over
the
fence
into
the
neighbor's
yard
.
The
ball
flew
over
the
fence
into
the
neighbor's
yard
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
fens
’,
short
for
‘
defens
’
meaning
‘
defense
,
protection
’.
verb
-
fence
,
fencing
,
fences
,
fenced
to
build
or
put
a
fence
around
an
area
so
that
it
is
enclosed
or
protected
•
They
fenced
the
garden
to
keep
the
rabbits
out
.
They
fenced
the
garden
to
keep
the
rabbits
out
.
•
We
will
fence
the
playground
next
month
for
safety
.
We
will
fence
the
playground
next
month
for
safety
.
verb
-
fence
,
fencing
,
fences
,
fenced
to
fight
with
swords
as
a
sport
or
skill
,
using
rules
and
protective
equipment
•
They
learned
to
fence
with
foils
at
school
.
They
learned
to
fence
with
foils
at
school
.
•
Athletes
fenced
fiercely
during
the
tournament
.
Athletes
fenced
fiercely
during
the
tournament
.
verb
-
fence
,
fencing
,
fences
,
fenced
to
buy
,
sell
,
or
move
stolen
goods
secretly
•
He
was
arrested
for
fencing
stolen
smartphones
.
He
was
arrested
for
fencing
stolen
smartphones
.
•
The
thieves
needed
someone
to
fence
the
jewelry
quickly
.
The
thieves
needed
someone
to
fence
the
jewelry
quickly
.
noun
a
person
who
buys
and
sells
stolen
goods
•
The
stolen
watches
were
sold
to
a
known
fence
.
The
stolen
watches
were
sold
to
a
known
fence
.
•
Detectives
tracked
the
fence
operating
in
the
market
.
Detectives
tracked
the
fence
operating
in
the
market
.
lifestyle
noun
the
way
a
person
,
group
,
or
society
lives
,
including
their
daily
habits
,
activities
,
and
values
•
Moving
to
the
countryside
completely
changed
her
lifestyle
.
Moving
to
the
countryside
completely
changed
her
lifestyle
.
•
Regular
exercise
and
a
balanced
diet
are
part
of
a
healthy
lifestyle
.
Regular
exercise
and
a
balanced
diet
are
part
of
a
healthy
lifestyle
.
From
life
+
style
,
first
appearing
in
the
early
20th
century
to
describe
patterns
of
living
.
adjective
designed
to
suit
,
express
,
or
improve
a
particular
way
of
living
•
The
company
sells
pricey
lifestyle
products
like
designer
candles
and
yoga
mats
.
The
company
sells
pricey
lifestyle
products
like
designer
candles
and
yoga
mats
.
•
Doctors
advised
him
to
make
lifestyle
changes
,
such
as
walking
more
and
quitting
smoking
.
Doctors
advised
him
to
make
lifestyle
changes
,
such
as
walking
more
and
quitting
smoking
.
Extension
of
the
noun
,
first
used
attributively
in
mid-20th-century
marketing
and
health
writing
.
differently
adverb
in
a
way
that
is
not
the
same
as
someone
or
something
else
•
If
you
mix
red
and
blue
paint
differently
,
you
can
get
a
totally
new
shade
of
purple
.
If
you
mix
red
and
blue
paint
differently
,
you
can
get
a
totally
new
shade
of
purple
.
•
Twins
may
look
alike
,
but
they
often
think
differently
about
many
things
.
Twins
may
look
alike
,
but
they
often
think
differently
about
many
things
.
Formed
from
the
adjective
“
different
”
+
adverbial
suffix
“
-ly
,”
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
defeat
verb
to
win
a
victory
over
someone
or
something
in
a
contest
,
battle
,
game
,
or
struggle
•
Our
team
finally
defeated
last
year's
champions
.
Our
team
finally
defeated
last
year's
champions
.
•
The
computer
program
easily
defeated
the
human
chess
master
.
The
computer
program
easily
defeated
the
human
chess
master
.
From
Old
French
"
desfete
",
past
participle
of
"
desfaire
" (“
to
undo
,
ruin
”),
from
Latin
"
dis-
"
+
"
facere
" (“
to
do
,
make
”).
noun
the
act
or
state
of
losing
a
contest
,
battle
,
election
,
or
attempt
•
Their
unexpected
defeat
shocked
everyone
in
the
stadium
.
Their
unexpected
defeat
shocked
everyone
in
the
stadium
.
•
After
the
election
defeat
,
the
candidate
thanked
her
supporters
and
promised
to
try
again
.
After
the
election
defeat
,
the
candidate
thanked
her
supporters
and
promised
to
try
again
.
Same
origin
as
the
verb
:
via
Old
French
“
desfete
”
from
Latin
roots
meaning
“
undo
,
make
no
success
”.
preference
noun
a
feeling
of
liking
something
or
someone
more
than
another
thing
or
person
•
Maya
has
a
clear
preference
for
chocolate
ice
cream
over
vanilla
.
Maya
has
a
clear
preference
for
chocolate
ice
cream
over
vanilla
.
•
When
choosing
a
movie
,
Liam
always
shows
his
preference
for
comedies
.
When
choosing
a
movie
,
Liam
always
shows
his
preference
for
comedies
.
early
17th
century
:
from
French
préférence
,
from
Latin
praeferre
‘
to
prefer
’
+
-ence
.
noun
a
thing
or
option
that
someone
likes
more
than
others
•
Seafood
is
Ana
’
s
top
preference
when
she
eats
out
.
Seafood
is
Ana
’
s
top
preference
when
she
eats
out
.
•
The
app
saves
your
language
preferences
so
you
don
’
t
have
to
set
them
every
time
.
The
app
saves
your
language
preferences
so
you
don
’
t
have
to
set
them
every
time
.
noun
special
advantage
or
priority
given
to
someone
or
something
•
Club
members
receive
preference
when
booking
tickets
for
concerts
.
Club
members
receive
preference
when
booking
tickets
for
concerts
.
•
Companies
often
give
hiring
preference
to
candidates
with
relevant
work
experience
.
Companies
often
give
hiring
preference
to
candidates
with
relevant
work
experience
.
feedback
noun
-
feedback
opinions
or
comments
that
tell
someone
how
well
they
are
doing
and
how
they
can
improve
•
After
the
presentation
,
the
teacher
gave
Julia
helpful
feedback
on
her
speech
.
After
the
presentation
,
the
teacher
gave
Julia
helpful
feedback
on
her
speech
.
•
The
app
asks
users
to
send
feedback
so
the
developers
can
fix
problems
.
The
app
asks
users
to
send
feedback
so
the
developers
can
fix
problems
.
formed
from
the
words
feed
+
back
(
1940s
)
to
describe
returning
part
of
a
system
’
s
output
to
its
input
,
later
broadened
to
general
response
noun
-
feedback
a
loud
,
squealing
noise
that
happens
when
a
microphone
picks
up
sound
from
its
own
speaker
and
re-amplifies
it
•
When
the
guitarist
stood
too
close
to
the
amplifier
,
piercing
feedback
filled
the
hall
.
When
the
guitarist
stood
too
close
to
the
amplifier
,
piercing
feedback
filled
the
hall
.
•
The
sound
engineer
quickly
lowered
the
volume
to
stop
the
shrieking
feedback
.
The
sound
engineer
quickly
lowered
the
volume
to
stop
the
shrieking
feedback
.
borrowed
from
electronics
use
of
feedback
loops
;
the
unwanted
sound
is
caused
by
the
signal
feeding
back
into
the
system
noun
-
feedback
the
return
of
part
of
a
system
’
s
output
to
its
input
,
used
to
control
or
change
how
the
system
works
•
In
a
thermostat
,
temperature
feedback
keeps
the
room
comfortable
.
In
a
thermostat
,
temperature
feedback
keeps
the
room
comfortable
.
•
Scientists
study
climate
feedback
to
predict
future
warming
.
Scientists
study
climate
feedback
to
predict
future
warming
.
first
used
in
1920s
engineering
to
describe
control
loops
,
later
applied
in
many
sciences
verb
to
give
comments
or
information
back
to
someone
or
to
a
system
•
Please
feedback
your
thoughts
to
the
team
by
Friday
.
Please
feedback
your
thoughts
to
the
team
by
Friday
.
•
The
manager
asked
staff
to
feedback
any
safety
concerns
.
The
manager
asked
staff
to
feedback
any
safety
concerns
.
verb
use
developed
later
than
noun
,
turning
the
noun
into
an
action
meaning
“
to
give
feedback
”
profession
noun
a
paid
job
or
career
that
needs
special
training
and
skills
•
After
years
of
study
,
Maria
finally
entered
the
medical
profession
.
After
years
of
study
,
Maria
finally
entered
the
medical
profession
.
•
Teaching
is
a
highly
rewarding
profession
for
people
who
love
helping
others
learn
.
Teaching
is
a
highly
rewarding
profession
for
people
who
love
helping
others
learn
.
Middle
English
:
from
Anglo-French
,
from
Latin
professio
(
n-
) ‘
public
declaration
,
occupation
’,
from
profiteri
‘
declare
publicly
’.
noun
the
act
of
openly
stating
a
belief
,
feeling
,
or
intention
,
especially
in
public
•
His
sudden
profession
of
love
surprised
everyone
at
the
party
.
His
sudden
profession
of
love
surprised
everyone
at
the
party
.
•
The
monk
made
a
solemn
profession
of
his
vows
in
the
ancient
chapel
.
The
monk
made
a
solemn
profession
of
his
vows
in
the
ancient
chapel
.
Same
origin
as
the
primary
sense
,
evolving
from
the
idea
of
publicly
declaring
one
’
s
beliefs
.
differ
verb
to
be
unlike
or
not
the
same
as
something
or
someone
else
•
The
twins
differ
in
personality
even
though
they
look
alike
.
The
twins
differ
in
personality
even
though
they
look
alike
.
•
Prices
differ
from
store
to
store
along
the
busy
street
.
Prices
differ
from
store
to
store
along
the
busy
street
.
From
Latin
“
differre
”
meaning
“
to
carry
apart
,”
which
developed
into
the
sense
of
being
unlike
.
verb
to
have
a
different
opinion
;
to
disagree
•
Scientists
often
differ
about
the
best
way
to
interpret
the
data
.
Scientists
often
differ
about
the
best
way
to
interpret
the
data
.
•
I
differ
with
my
brother
on
how
to
spend
the
holiday
.
I
differ
with
my
brother
on
how
to
spend
the
holiday
.
Same
Latin
root
as
the
first
sense
;
the
idea
of
‘
being
apart
’
extended
to
opinions
.
wildlife
noun
-
wildlife
animals
and
sometimes
plants
that
live
freely
in
their
natural
environment
and
are
not
cared
for
,
kept
,
or
controlled
by
people
•
Tourists
quietly
watched
the
wildlife
from
a
wooden
observation
deck
in
the
national
park
.
Tourists
quietly
watched
the
wildlife
from
a
wooden
observation
deck
in
the
national
park
.
•
Conservationists
are
working
hard
to
protect
local
wildlife
from
pollution
.
Conservationists
are
working
hard
to
protect
local
wildlife
from
pollution
.
formed
in
the
late
19th
century
from
wild
+
life
,
originally
referring
to
undomesticated
animals
living
freely
in
nature
defendant
noun
the
person
,
company
,
or
organization
that
is
accused
of
a
crime
or
is
being
sued
in
a
court
of
law
•
The
defendant
pleaded
not
guilty
to
all
charges
.
The
defendant
pleaded
not
guilty
to
all
charges
.
•
After
weeks
of
testimony
,
the
jury
decided
the
defendant
was
responsible
for
the
damages
.
After
weeks
of
testimony
,
the
jury
decided
the
defendant
was
responsible
for
the
damages
.
from
Latin
‘
defendere
’
meaning
‘
to
ward
off
,
protect
’,
later
used
in
Law
French
and
Middle
English
to
refer
to
a
person
who
defends
against
an
accusation