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et
conjunction
used
in
certain
Latin
phrases
that
English
still
uses
,
meaning
“
and
”.
•
In
the
bibliography
,
the
study
by
Smith
et
al
.
is
listed
first
.
In
the
bibliography
,
the
study
by
Smith
et
al
.
is
listed
first
.
•
Her
kitchen
counter
held
flour
,
sugar
,
eggs
,
et cetera
,
ready
for
baking
.
Her
kitchen
counter
held
flour
,
sugar
,
eggs
,
et cetera
,
ready
for
baking
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
et
,
meaning
“
and
”.
In
English
it
survives
mainly
in
set
phrases
like
et
al
.
and
et cetera
.
etc.
adverb
-
etc
.
used
after
a
short
list
to
show
that
other
similar
things
are
included
but
not
stated
•
Pack
your
toothbrush
,
soap
,
shampoo
,
etc
.
before
we
leave
for
the
trip
.
Pack
your
toothbrush
,
soap
,
shampoo
,
etc
.
before
we
leave
for
the
trip
.
•
The
grocery
list
has
apples
,
oranges
,
bananas
,
etc
.
so
we
should
visit
the
fruit
aisle
first
.
The
grocery
list
has
apples
,
oranges
,
bananas
,
etc
.
so
we
should
visit
the
fruit
aisle
first
.
Abbreviation
of
the
Latin
phrase
“
et
cetera
,”
meaning
“
and
the
rest
.”
ethnic
adjective
connected
with
a
group
of
people
who
share
the
same
culture
,
language
,
or
national
roots
•
The
city
holds
an
annual
ethnic
festival
that
features
music
and
food
from
many
countries
.
The
city
holds
an
annual
ethnic
festival
that
features
music
and
food
from
many
countries
.
•
She
enjoys
cooking
ethnic
dishes
like
spicy
Thai
curry
and
Mexican
tacos
for
her
friends
.
She
enjoys
cooking
ethnic
dishes
like
spicy
Thai
curry
and
Mexican
tacos
for
her
friends
.
From
Greek
ethnikos
“
national
,
foreign
,
heathen
”,
from
ethnos
“
nation
,
people
”.
noun
a
person
who
belongs
to
a
particular
cultural
or
national
group
,
especially
one
that
forms
a
minority
in
a
larger
society
•
The
new
policy
protects
the
rights
of
every
ethnic
living
in
the
country
.
The
new
policy
protects
the
rights
of
every
ethnic
living
in
the
country
.
•
As
an
ethnic
,
she
founded
a
club
to
help
others
preserve
their
native
language
.
As
an
ethnic
,
she
founded
a
club
to
help
others
preserve
their
native
language
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
Greek
ethnos
“
nation
,
people
”.
ethics
noun
moral
principles
that
tell
people
what
is
right
and
wrong
behaviour
•
Even
when
no
one
was
watching
,
Maya
followed
her
ethics
and
returned
the
lost
wallet
.
Even
when
no
one
was
watching
,
Maya
followed
her
ethics
and
returned
the
lost
wallet
.
•
Good
ethics
help
a
society
become
more
trusting
and
fair
.
Good
ethics
help
a
society
become
more
trusting
and
fair
.
From
Greek
“
ēthikós
” (
moral
)
via
Latin
“
ethica
,”
meaning
the
study
of
character
and
morals
.
noun
the
branch
of
philosophy
that
studies
ideas
of
right
and
wrong
and
how
people
should
live
•
At
university
,
Sara
decided
to
major
in
ethics
.
At
university
,
Sara
decided
to
major
in
ethics
.
•
During
the
lecture
on
ethics
,
the
professor
asked
if
stealing
to
feed
a
child
could
ever
be
justified
.
During
the
lecture
on
ethics
,
the
professor
asked
if
stealing
to
feed
a
child
could
ever
be
justified
.
Adopted
into
academic
language
in
the
17th
century
as
the
English
name
for
the
philosophical
discipline
studying
morals
.
noun
the
rules
of
right
behaviour
that
guide
a
particular
profession
or
activity
•
Journalists
must
follow
strict
ethics
when
reporting
the
news
.
Journalists
must
follow
strict
ethics
when
reporting
the
news
.
•
Medical
ethics
prevent
doctors
from
sharing
a
patient
’
s
private
information
.
Medical
ethics
prevent
doctors
from
sharing
a
patient
’
s
private
information
.
Professional
uses
of
the
word
grew
during
the
20th
century
as
many
industries
wrote
formal
codes
to
build
public
trust
.
ethical
adjective
connected
with
principles
of
right
and
wrong
behaviour
•
The
committee
discussed
the
ethical
implications
of
using
artificial
intelligence
in
hiring
.
The
committee
discussed
the
ethical
implications
of
using
artificial
intelligence
in
hiring
.
•
Doctors
face
ethical
dilemmas
when
resources
are
limited
.
Doctors
face
ethical
dilemmas
when
resources
are
limited
.
Late
16th
century
:
from
Latin
ethicus
,
from
Greek
ēthikos
‘
relating
to
morals
’,
from
ēthos
‘
character
’.
adjective
considered
morally
right
or
produced
in
a
way
that
treats
people
and
the
environment
fairly
•
They
buy
ethical
coffee
grown
without
harming
the
rainforest
.
They
buy
ethical
coffee
grown
without
harming
the
rainforest
.
•
Choosing
an
ethical
company
made
him
feel
better
about
his
purchase
.
Choosing
an
ethical
company
made
him
feel
better
about
his
purchase
.
See
etymology
in
Sense
1
.
eternal
adjective
lasting
for
ever
,
without
beginning
or
end
•
The
stars
above
the
desert
seemed
eternal
against
the
clear
night
sky
.
The
stars
above
the
desert
seemed
eternal
against
the
clear
night
sky
.
•
They
exchanged
rings
and
promised
eternal
love
beside
the
lake
.
They
exchanged
rings
and
promised
eternal
love
beside
the
lake
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
aeternus
‘
everlasting
’.
adjective
happening
so
often
or
lasting
so
long
that
it
seems
to
have
no
end
and
may
feel
annoying
•
I
’
m
sick
of
his
eternal
complaints
about
the
traffic
.
I
’
m
sick
of
his
eternal
complaints
about
the
traffic
.
•
During
the
hike
,
the
child
’
s
eternal
questions
made
everyone
laugh
.
During
the
hike
,
the
child
’
s
eternal
questions
made
everyone
laugh
.
get
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
to
receive
or
obtain
something
•
Did
you
get
my
email
yesterday
?
Did
you
get
my
email
yesterday
?
•
Children
usually
get
a
lot
of
presents
at
Christmas
.
Children
usually
get
a
lot
of
presents
at
Christmas
.
From
Old
English
‘
gietan
’
meaning
‘
to
obtain
,
to
seize
’.
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
to
become
or
come
into
a
new
state
or
condition
•
It
’
s
getting
cold
outside
.
It
’
s
getting
cold
outside
.
•
Don
’
t
get
angry
;
we
can
fix
the
problem
.
Don
’
t
get
angry
;
we
can
fix
the
problem
.
Sense
shift
from
‘
obtain
’
to
‘
acquire
a
state
’
recorded
since
the
14th
century
.
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
to
arrive
at
a
place
•
What
time
did
you
get
home
last
night
?
What
time
did
you
get
home
last
night
?
•
We
need
to
get
to
the
station
by
noon
.
We
need
to
get
to
the
station
by
noon
.
Arrival
sense
developed
from
the
idea
of
‘
obtaining
a
destination
’.
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
to
understand
or
comprehend
something
•
I
didn
’
t
get
the
joke
at
first
.
I
didn
’
t
get
the
joke
at
first
.
•
Do
you
get
what
the
teacher
means
?
Do
you
get
what
the
teacher
means
?
Comprehension
meaning
appears
in
1890s
American
English
.
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
(
informal
)
to
buy
or
obtain
by
paying
for
something
•
Can
you
get
some
milk
on
your
way
home
?
Can
you
get
some
milk
on
your
way
home
?
•
I
got
a
new
phone
last
week
.
I
got
a
new
phone
last
week
.
Buying
sense
evolved
from
‘
obtain
’
in
early
20th-century
colloquial
speech
.
verb
-
get
,
getting
,
gets
,
got
,
gotten
to
persuade
or
cause
someone
to
do
something
(
usually
with
an
object
+
infinitive
)
•
I
can
never
get
my
brother
to
clean
his
room
.
I
can
never
get
my
brother
to
clean
his
room
.
•
They
finally
got
the
project
team
to
agree
on
a
plan
.
They
finally
got
the
project
team
to
agree
on
a
plan
.
‘
Cause
to
’
sense
attested
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
(
rare
)
the
offspring
or
young
of
an
animal
,
especially
a
horse
•
The
stallion
’
s
get
have
won
several
races
.
The
stallion
’
s
get
have
won
several
races
.
•
Breeders
track
the
get
of
champion
bulls
carefully
.
Breeders
track
the
get
of
champion
bulls
carefully
.
From
Old
Norse
‘
geta
’
meaning
‘
beget
’
or
‘
offspring
’.
good
adjective
-
good
,
better
,
best
having
high
quality
,
being
pleasant
,
useful
,
or
correct
•
She
is
a
good
friend
who
always
helps
me
.
She
is
a
good
friend
who
always
helps
me
.
•
The
pizza
from
that
new
restaurant
tastes
really
good
.
The
pizza
from
that
new
restaurant
tastes
really
good
.
Old
English
gōd
,
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
goed
and
German
gut
.
adverb
-
good
,
better
,
best
(
informal
or
dialect
)
well
;
in
a
satisfactory
manner
•
He
can
play
the
guitar
pretty
good
for
his
age
.
He
can
play
the
guitar
pretty
good
for
his
age
.
•
The
team
worked
good
together
despite
the
pressure
.
The
team
worked
good
together
despite
the
pressure
.
Adverbial
use
dates
back
to
Middle
English
,
later
considered
non-standard
compared
to
“
well
”.
between
preposition
in
the
space
that
separates
two
people
,
places
,
or
things
•
The
cafe
is
between
the
bank
and
the
post
office
on
Main
Street
.
The
cafe
is
between
the
bank
and
the
post
office
on
Main
Street
.
•
She
placed
the
photo
between
two
heavy
books
to
keep
it
flat
.
She
placed
the
photo
between
two
heavy
books
to
keep
it
flat
.
Old
English
"
betwēonum
"
meaning
"
in
the
space
separating
two
";
from
"
be
" (
by
)
+
"
twēonum
" (
two
).
preposition
from
one
point
in
time
,
number
,
or
amount
up
to
another
point
•
The
museum
is
open
between
9
a
.
m
.
and
5
p
.
m
.
The
museum
is
open
between
9
a
.
m
.
and
5
p
.
m
.
•
Children
aged
between
six
and
twelve
can
join
the
club
.
Children
aged
between
six
and
twelve
can
join
the
club
.
preposition
shared
by
,
involving
,
or
concerning
two
or
more
people
or
things
,
or
showing
comparison
•
Keep
this
secret
between
you
and
me
.
Keep
this
secret
between
you
and
me
.
•
The
prize
money
will
be
divided
between
the
winners
.
The
prize
money
will
be
divided
between
the
winners
.
adverb
in
the
intervening
space
,
time
,
or
position
•
The
buses
arrive
at
eight
and
ten
,
so
there
is
a
long
wait
between
.
The
buses
arrive
at
eight
and
ten
,
so
there
is
a
long
wait
between
.
•
Lunch
is
at
noon
;
if
you
get
hungry
between
,
have
some
fruit
.
Lunch
is
at
noon
;
if
you
get
hungry
between
,
have
some
fruit
.
something
pronoun
an
object
,
fact
,
feeling
,
or
idea
when
you
do
not
know
exactly
what
it
is
,
or
when
naming
it
is
not
important
•
I
smell
something
burning
in
the
kitchen
!
I
smell
something
burning
in
the
kitchen
!
•
There's
something
in
my
shoe
that
keeps
poking
me
.
There's
something
in
my
shoe
that
keeps
poking
me
.
Old
English
sum
+
thing
,
literally
“
some
thing
.”
noun
a
person
or
thing
that
is
impressive
,
special
,
or
important
•
His
new
novel
is
really
something
—
critics
love
it
.
His
new
novel
is
really
something
—
critics
love
it
.
•
The
magician's
finale
was
something
to
see
.
The
magician's
finale
was
something
to
see
.
adverb
to
a
considerable
or
noticeable
degree
;
very
;
quite
•
The
baby
was
crying
something
fierce
before
feeding
time
.
The
baby
was
crying
something
fierce
before
feeding
time
.
•
I'm
something
tired
after
that
long
hike
.
I'm
something
tired
after
that
long
hike
.
best
adjective
-
good
,
better
,
best
of
the
highest
quality
,
excellence
,
or
suitability
among
a
group
•
This
is
the
best
pizza
I
have
ever
tasted
.
This
is
the
best
pizza
I
have
ever
tasted
.
•
Lisa
bought
the
best
seats
for
the
concert
so
we
could
see
everything
clearly
.
Lisa
bought
the
best
seats
for
the
concert
so
we
could
see
everything
clearly
.
adverb
-
well
,
better
,
best
in
the
most
effective
,
skillful
,
or
suitable
way
•
Jorge
plays
the
guitar
best
when
he
is
relaxed
.
Jorge
plays
the
guitar
best
when
he
is
relaxed
.
•
Of
all
the
candidates
,
Maria
spoke
best
during
the
interview
.
Of
all
the
candidates
,
Maria
spoke
best
during
the
interview
.
yet
adverb
up
to
the
present
time
;
until
now
•
Have
you
finished
your
homework
yet
?
Have
you
finished
your
homework
yet
?
•
The
train
hasn't
arrived
yet
.
The
train
hasn't
arrived
yet
.
Old
English
“
giet
,
gīet
”
meaning
“
again
,
still
.”
adverb
still
;
continuing
until
now
or
a
later
time
•
The
old
oak
tree
is
yet
standing
after
the
storm
.
The
old
oak
tree
is
yet
standing
after
the
storm
.
•
There
is
yet
hope
for
peace
.
There
is
yet
hope
for
peace
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
emphasizing
continuity
.
conjunction
but
in
spite
of
that
;
nevertheless
•
It
was
raining
,
yet
they
went
for
a
picnic
.
It
was
raining
,
yet
they
went
for
a
picnic
.
•
He
is
wealthy
,
yet
he
lives
simply
.
He
is
wealthy
,
yet
he
lives
simply
.
From
Old
English
use
melding
two
clauses
,
similar
to
modern
"
but
".
adverb
even
;
used
to
show
an
increase
or
addition
•
The
shop
has
introduced
yet
another
flavor
of
ice
cream
.
The
shop
has
introduced
yet
another
flavor
of
ice
cream
.
•
The
project
faced
yet
more
delays
.
The
project
faced
yet
more
delays
.
Extension
of
the
basic
temporal
meaning
to
express
degree
or
addition
.
meet
verb
-
meet
,
meeting
,
meets
,
met
to
come
together
with
someone
,
either
because
you
planned
it
or
by
chance
•
"
Let's
meet
at
the
café
at
noon
,"
she
suggested
.
"
Let's
meet
at
the
café
at
noon
,"
she
suggested
.
•
I
finally
met
my
online
friend
in
person
last
weekend
.
I
finally
met
my
online
friend
in
person
last
weekend
.
Old
English
‘
mētan
’
meaning
‘
to
find
,
come
upon
’;
related
to
Old
Norse
‘
mœta
’.
verb
-
meet
,
meeting
,
meets
,
met
to
be
good
enough
for
something
or
satisfy
a
rule
,
need
,
or
standard
•
Your
essay
does
not
meet
the
word-count
requirement
.
Your
essay
does
not
meet
the
word-count
requirement
.
•
The
company
claims
its
products
meet
international
safety
standards
.
The
company
claims
its
products
meet
international
safety
standards
.
verb
-
meet
,
meeting
,
meets
,
met
to
experience
,
face
,
or
come
up
against
something
,
especially
a
difficulty
or
situation
•
During
her
trek
,
she
met
terrible
storms
in
the
mountains
.
During
her
trek
,
she
met
terrible
storms
in
the
mountains
.
•
Tourists
often
meet
difficulties
when
they
don't
speak
the
local
language
.
Tourists
often
meet
difficulties
when
they
don't
speak
the
local
language
.
noun
-
meet
,
meeting
,
meets
,
met
an
organized
sports
competition
where
athletes
or
teams
come
together
to
compete
•
Our
school
is
hosting
a
track
meet
this
Saturday
.
Our
school
is
hosting
a
track
meet
this
Saturday
.
•
She
won
three
gold
medals
at
the
swim
meet
.
She
won
three
gold
medals
at
the
swim
meet
.
let
verb
-
let
,
letting
,
lets
to
allow
or
give
permission
for
someone
or
something
to
do
something
•
My
parents
finally
let
me
stay
up
past
midnight
on
my
birthday
.
My
parents
finally
let
me
stay
up
past
midnight
on
my
birthday
.
•
Please
let
the
dog
inside
before
it
starts
to
rain
.
Please
let
the
dog
inside
before
it
starts
to
rain
.
Old
English
lǣtan
“
allow
,
permit
,
leave
,
let
go
,”
from
Proto-Germanic
*lētanan
.
noun
in
tennis
and
similar
sports
,
a
serve
or
point
that
is
replayed
because
the
ball
touched
the
net
or
there
was
a
minor
interruption
•
The
umpire
called
a
let
,
so
the
player
served
again
.
The
umpire
called
a
let
,
so
the
player
served
again
.
•
His
first
serve
hit
the
net
and
resulted
in
a
let
.
His
first
serve
hit
the
net
and
resulted
in
a
let
.
19th-century
shortening
of
obsolete
lettice
“
hindrance
”
applied
to
sports
rules
.
verb
-
let
,
letting
,
lets
to
allow
someone
to
occupy
or
use
property
in
return
for
rent
;
to
rent
out
•
They
decided
to
let
their
spare
room
to
a
college
student
.
They
decided
to
let
their
spare
room
to
a
college
student
.
•
The
farmhouse
is
let
on
a
yearly
lease
to
local
tourists
.
The
farmhouse
is
let
on
a
yearly
lease
to
local
tourists
.
Extension
of
main
verbal
sense
,
recorded
from
the
15th
century
in
property
law
.
noun
-
let
an
old
word
meaning
a
hindrance
or
obstacle
•
They
moved
forward
without
let
or
hindrance
.
They
moved
forward
without
let
or
hindrance
.
•
The
treaty
was
signed
,
bringing
peace
without
let
to
trade
.
The
treaty
was
signed
,
bringing
peace
without
let
to
trade
.
Old
English
lett
“
delay
”
from
Proto-Germanic
*latjaną
,
related
to
‘
late
’.
together
adverb
with
or
near
someone
or
something
else
,
in
the
same
place
or
group
•
The
children
played
together
in
the
park
.
The
children
played
together
in
the
park
.
•
Let
’
s
sit
together
at
the
concert
so
we
can
talk
.
Let
’
s
sit
together
at
the
concert
so
we
can
talk
.
adverb
into
one
piece
or
group
after
being
separate
•
She
glued
the
broken
vase
back
together
.
She
glued
the
broken
vase
back
together
.
•
Push
the
desks
together
to
make
one
big
table
.
Push
the
desks
together
to
make
one
big
table
.
adjective
(
informal
)
well-organized
,
calm
,
and
in
control
of
your
life
or
a
situation
•
Jada
is
so
together
—
she
never
forgets
a
deadline
.
Jada
is
so
together
—
she
never
forgets
a
deadline
.
•
After
therapy
,
he
felt
more
together
than
ever
.
After
therapy
,
he
felt
more
together
than
ever
.
together with
preposition
in
addition
to
;
along
with
•
She
sent
the
invoice
together
with
the
signed
contract
.
She
sent
the
invoice
together with
the
signed
contract
.
•
The
teacher
,
together
with
the
students
,
planted
trees
behind
the
school
.
The
teacher
,
together with
the
students
,
planted
trees
behind
the
school
.
whether
conjunction
used
to
introduce
two
or
more
possibilities
or
to
show
doubt
between
alternatives
•
She's
not
sure
whether
to
study
medicine
or
engineering
.
She's
not
sure
whether
to
study
medicine
or
engineering
.
•
Do
you
know
whether
he
called
last
night
?
Do
you
know
whether
he
called
last
night
?
Old
English
hwæther
,
from
Proto-Germanic
*hwatara
“
which
of
two
”.
conjunction
used
to
say
that
it
makes
no
difference
which
of
the
alternatives
is
true
,
often
followed
by
“
or
not
”
•
We're
going
hiking
tomorrow
whether
it
rains
or
not
.
We're
going
hiking
tomorrow
whether
it
rains
or
not
.
•
I'll
support
you
whether
you
succeed
or
fail
.
I'll
support
you
whether
you
succeed
or
fail
.
Old
English
hwæther
,
same
root
as
the
alternative-introducing
sense
,
later
broadened
to
express
indifference
to
outcome
.
better
adjective
of
higher
quality
,
more
pleasant
,
or
more
useful
than
something
or
someone
else
.
•
This
pizza
tastes
much
better
than
the
one
we
had
yesterday
.
This
pizza
tastes
much
better
than
the
one
we
had
yesterday
.
•
After
resting
,
he
felt
better
and
went
back
to
work
.
After
resting
,
he
felt
better
and
went
back
to
work
.
Old
English
‘
betera
’,
comparative
of
‘
gōd
’ (“
good
”).
adverb
in
a
more
skillful
,
effective
,
or
satisfactory
way
.
•
She
plays
the
piano
better
than
anyone
in
her
class
.
She
plays
the
piano
better
than
anyone
in
her
class
.
•
If
you
study
hard
,
you
will
do
better
on
the
test
.
If
you
study
hard
,
you
will
do
better
on
the
test
.
Comparative
of
adverb
‘
well
’,
from
Old
English
‘
bet
’ (“
better
,
to
greater
extent
”).
verb
to
improve
something
or
to
become
superior
to
something
else
.
•
Regular
exercise
can
better
your
health
.
Regular
exercise
can
better
your
health
.
•
The
company
hopes
to
better
last
year
’
s
sales
record
.
The
company
hopes
to
better
last
year
’
s
sales
record
.
From
Old
English
‘
betterian
’ (“
to
make
better
”),
formed
from
the
adjective
.
noun
a
person
who
is
considered
to
be
of
higher
rank
,
status
,
or
ability
.
•
He
was
taught
to
show
respect
to
his
elders
and
betters
.
He
was
taught
to
show
respect
to
his
elders
and
betters
.
•
She
never
felt
intimidated
by
her
professional
betters
.
She
never
felt
intimidated
by
her
professional
betters
.
Derived
from
the
adjective
,
meaning
“
one
who
is
better
(
than
another
)”,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
street
noun
a
public
road
in
a
town
or
city
with
buildings
along
it
where
vehicles
and
people
travel
•
The
children
played
basketball
in
the
quiet
street
until
sunset
.
The
children
played
basketball
in
the
quiet
street
until
sunset
.
•
A
colorful
parade
marched
down
the
main
street
of
the
city
,
drawing
excited
crowds
.
A
colorful
parade
marched
down
the
main
street
of
the
city
,
drawing
excited
crowds
.
Old
English
“
strǣt
”,
from
Latin
“
strata
”
meaning
‘
paved
road
’.
noun
the
life
,
experiences
,
or
opinions
of
ordinary
city
people
,
especially
those
living
in
tough
urban
conditions
•
Her
rap
lyrics
capture
the
raw
voice
of
the
street
.
Her
rap
lyrics
capture
the
raw
voice
of
the
street
.
•
Journalists
were
eager
to
learn
what
the
street
thought
about
the
new
tax
law
.
Journalists
were
eager
to
learn
what
the
street
thought
about
the
new
tax
law
.
adjective
(
informal
)
relating
to
or
characteristic
of
ordinary
urban
life
,
especially
seen
as
cool
,
tough
,
or
fashionable
•
He
started
a
brand
that
sells
street
clothing
inspired
by
skate
culture
.
He
started
a
brand
that
sells
street
clothing
inspired
by
skate
culture
.
•
The
movie
has
a
gritty
,
street
feel
that
audiences
loved
.
The
movie
has
a
gritty
,
street
feel
that
audiences
loved
.
Street
noun
-
Street
(
finance
)
the
financial
industry
and
the
investors
and
analysts
connected
with
Wall
Street
•
The
Street
welcomed
the
company
’
s
strong
quarterly
earnings
.
The
Street
welcomed
the
company
’
s
strong
quarterly
earnings
.
•
Rumors
of
a
merger
spread
quickly
across
the
Street
.
Rumors
of
a
merger
spread
quickly
across
the
Street
.
sometimes
adverb
on
certain
occasions
but
not
regularly
or
always
;
occasionally
•
She
sometimes
walks
to
work
instead
of
driving
.
She
sometimes
walks
to
work
instead
of
driving
.
•
The
mountain
trail
is
tricky
;
sometimes
the
path
disappears
under
deep
snow
.
The
mountain
trail
is
tricky
;
sometimes
the
path
disappears
under
deep
snow
.
Middle
English
som
tyme
(
s
),
from
Old
English
sumtīma
‘
at
one
time
.’
Originally
two
words
;
the
fused
form
has
been
common
since
the
14th
century
.
pretty
adjective
-
pretty
,
prettier
,
prettiest
attractive
in
a
delicate
or
pleasant
way
,
especially
in
a
light
,
simple
,
or
graceful
sense
•
The
garden
was
full
of
pretty
pink
roses
.
The
garden
was
full
of
pretty
pink
roses
.
•
She
wore
a
pretty
summer
dress
to
the
picnic
.
She
wore
a
pretty
summer
dress
to
the
picnic
.
Old
English
‘
prættig
’
meaning
‘
clever
,
crafty
’,
which
gradually
shifted
in
Middle
English
to
describe
something
pleasing
to
look
at
.
adverb
to
a
moderately
high
degree
;
fairly
•
I'm
pretty
sure
we
missed
the
last
bus
.
I'm
pretty
sure
we
missed
the
last
bus
.
•
The
test
was
pretty
easy
after
all
.
The
test
was
pretty
easy
after
all
.
Evolved
from
the
adjectival
sense
during
the
16th
century
to
intensify
statements
,
similar
to
“
fairly
”
or
“
quite
.”
adjective
-
pretty
,
prettier
,
prettiest
large
or
significant
in
amount
,
size
,
or
degree
•
Fixing
the
car
is
going
to
cost
a
pretty
penny
.
Fixing
the
car
is
going
to
cost
a
pretty
penny
.
•
That's
a
pretty
big
storm
heading
our
way
.
That's
a
pretty
big
storm
heading
our
way
.
A
figurative
broadening
of
the
original
adjective
sense
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
,
to
mean
‘
commendable
’
and
later
‘
sizeable
.’
noun
-
pretty
,
pretties
an
object
or
person
that
is
attractive
or
pleasing
to
look
at
,
often
small
or
decorative
•
Grandma
keeps
all
the
little
pretties
she
collects
on
a
glass
shelf
.
Grandma
keeps
all
the
little
pretties
she
collects
on
a
glass
shelf
.
•
The
necklace
was
her
favorite
pretty
.
The
necklace
was
her
favorite
pretty
.
Extension
of
the
adjective
to
noun
use
in
the
18th
century
,
referring
to
any
small
decorative
item
that
is
‘
pretty
.’
foot
noun
-
foot
,
feet
the
lower
part
of
the
leg
that
you
stand
on
and
use
for
walking
•
After
running
the
race
,
Maria
’
s
foot
was
sore
.
After
running
the
race
,
Maria
’
s
foot
was
sore
.
•
The
baby
giggled
as
it
tried
to
grab
its
mother
’
s
foot
while
she
changed
the
diaper
.
The
baby
giggled
as
it
tried
to
grab
its
mother
’
s
foot
while
she
changed
the
diaper
.
Old
English
“
fōt
”,
related
to
German
“
Fuß
”
and
Latin
“
pes
”,
meaning
the
body
part
used
for
standing
and
walking
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
a
unit
for
measuring
length
equal
to
12
inches
,
about
30
centimetres
•
The
snow
was
over
one
foot
deep
after
the
storm
.
The
snow
was
over
one
foot
deep
after
the
storm
.
•
The
pool
is
eight
foot
at
its
deepest
point
.
The
pool
is
eight
foot
at
its
deepest
point
.
Extended
from
the
human
foot
’
s
average
length
,
used
since
ancient
times
for
building
and
land
measurement
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
the
lowest
part
or
end
of
something
such
as
a
mountain
,
page
,
or
bed
•
They
built
their
cabin
at
the
foot
of
the
hill
.
They
built
their
cabin
at
the
foot
of
the
hill
.
•
Read
the
notes
at
the
foot
of
the
page
before
answering
.
Read
the
notes
at
the
foot
of
the
page
before
answering
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
the
body
part
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
to
describe
the
‘
bottom
’
of
objects
.
noun
-
foot
,
feet
in
poetry
,
a
basic
repeated
pattern
of
stressed
and
unstressed
syllables
that
forms
part
of
a
line
•
The
iamb
is
a
common
foot
in
English
poetry
.
The
iamb
is
a
common
foot
in
English
poetry
.
•
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
mark
each
foot
in
the
sonnet
.
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
mark
each
foot
in
the
sonnet
.
First
used
in
Latin
poetic
theory
as
“
pes
” (
foot
),
likening
the
repeated
rhythmic
step
of
verse
to
physical
steps
.
market
noun
a
place
,
often
outdoors
,
where
people
come
together
to
buy
and
sell
food
,
goods
,
or
animals
•
On
Saturday
morning
,
we
walked
down
to
the
open-air
market
to
buy
fresh
vegetables
.
On
Saturday
morning
,
we
walked
down
to
the
open-air
market
to
buy
fresh
vegetables
.
•
Stalls
at
the
market
were
piled
high
with
colorful
spices
.
Stalls
at
the
market
were
piled
high
with
colorful
spices
.
Old
English
“
mearcæt
”,
from
Latin
“
mercatus
”
meaning
‘
trade
,
marketplace
’,
related
to
“
merx
” ‘
goods
’
noun
the
activity
or
system
of
buying
and
selling
goods
or
services
,
often
shown
by
prices
and
demand
•
Prices
rise
when
the
housing
market
is
strong
.
Prices
rise
when
the
housing
market
is
strong
.
•
The
coffee
market
has
been
volatile
this
year
.
The
coffee
market
has
been
volatile
this
year
.
noun
a
group
of
people
or
area
that
a
company
hopes
will
buy
its
products
•
Teenagers
are
an
important
market
for
video
games
.
Teenagers
are
an
important
market
for
video
games
.
•
The
company
hopes
to
enter
the
Asian
market
next
year
.
The
company
hopes
to
enter
the
Asian
market
next
year
.
verb
-
market
,
marketing
,
markets
,
marketed
to
promote
and
sell
a
product
or
service
by
presenting
it
to
possible
buyers
•
They
plan
to
market
the
new
phone
to
college
students
.
They
plan
to
market
the
new
phone
to
college
students
.
•
The
farmer
learned
to
market
his
cheese
online
.
The
farmer
learned
to
market
his
cheese
online
.
society
noun
-
society
,
societies
people
in
general
living
together
in
organized
communities
,
sharing
laws
,
traditions
,
and
ways
of
life
•
A
safe
society
depends
on
everyone
respecting
the
law
.
A
safe
society
depends
on
everyone
respecting
the
law
.
•
Advances
in
technology
can
change
society
very
quickly
.
Advances
in
technology
can
change
society
very
quickly
.
From
Latin
societās
“
fellowship
,
association
,”
from
socius
“
companion
.”
noun
-
society
,
societies
an
officially
organized
group
of
people
with
a
particular
purpose
or
interest
•
He
joined
the
local
historical
society
to
learn
more
about
the
town
.
He
joined
the
local
historical
society
to
learn
more
about
the
town
.
•
The
Royal
Horticultural
Society
holds
a
famous
flower
show
every
year
.
The
Royal
Horticultural
Society
holds
a
famous
flower
show
every
year
.
noun
-
society
,
societies
a
particular
group
of
people
who
share
the
same
territory
,
culture
,
or
set
of
rules
•
Japan
is
often
described
as
a
homogeneous
society
.
Japan
is
often
described
as
a
homogeneous
society
.
•
A
multicultural
society
benefits
from
a
mix
of
traditions
.
A
multicultural
society
benefits
from
a
mix
of
traditions
.
noun
-
society
,
societies
the
wealthy
,
fashionable
social
class
,
especially
when
seen
as
a
group
that
attends
formal
events
•
The
charity
gala
attracted
members
of
society
from
across
the
country
.
The
charity
gala
attracted
members
of
society
from
across
the
country
.
•
She
married
into
society
after
meeting
a
billionaire
at
university
.
She
married
into
society
after
meeting
a
billionaire
at
university
.
letter
noun
a
written
symbol
in
an
alphabet
that
represents
a
particular
speech
sound
•
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
trace
the
letter
‘
A
’
on
their
worksheets
.
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
trace
the
letter
‘
A
’
on
their
worksheets
.
•
Toddlers
often
sing
the
alphabet
song
to
remember
all
26
letters
.
Toddlers
often
sing
the
alphabet
song
to
remember
all
26
letters
.
noun
a
written
or
printed
message
that
you
send
to
someone
,
usually
by
mail
•
Maria
wrote
a
heartfelt
letter
to
thank
her
teacher
for
the
help
.
Maria
wrote
a
heartfelt
letter
to
thank
her
teacher
for
the
help
.
•
I
found
an
old
letter
from
my
grandfather
dated
1943
.
I
found
an
old
letter
from
my
grandfather
dated
1943
.
verb
to
write
,
paint
,
or
carve
letters
or
words
on
a
surface
•
The
signmaker
carefully
lettered
the
store
’
s
name
in
gold
paint
.
The
signmaker
carefully
lettered
the
store
’
s
name
in
gold
paint
.
•
She
is
lettering
wedding
invitations
with
a
calligraphy
pen
.
She
is
lettering
wedding
invitations
with
a
calligraphy
pen
.
noun
-
letter
the
exact
words
of
a
rule
,
document
,
or
law
,
without
considering
its
broader
meaning
or
purpose
•
The
judge
insisted
that
the
contract
be
followed
to
the
letter
.
The
judge
insisted
that
the
contract
be
followed
to
the
letter
.
•
He
obeyed
the
safety
regulations
to
the
very
letter
and
refused
any
shortcuts
.
He
obeyed
the
safety
regulations
to
the
very
letter
and
refused
any
shortcuts
.
network
noun
A
connected
system
of
lines
,
wires
,
roads
,
or
computers
that
lets
things
or
information
move
from
one
point
to
another
.
•
Tokyo
’
s
rail
network
is
famous
for
running
exactly
on
time
.
Tokyo
’
s
rail
network
is
famous
for
running
exactly
on
time
.
•
The
company
upgraded
its
computer
network
to
handle
more
users
.
The
company
upgraded
its
computer
network
to
handle
more
users
.
From
net
+
work
;
originally
referring
to
a
fabric
of
threads
,
later
extended
to
systems
of
connections
.
noun
A
group
of
people
or
organizations
that
share
information
and
help
each
other
.
•
She
built
a
strong
professional
network
by
attending
conferences
.
She
built
a
strong
professional
network
by
attending
conferences
.
•
Volunteers
formed
a
support
network
for
elderly
neighbors
.
Volunteers
formed
a
support
network
for
elderly
neighbors
.
noun
A
television
or
radio
company
that
produces
and
broadcasts
programs
to
many
stations
.
•
The
comedy
will
air
on
the
national
network
next
Friday
.
The
comedy
will
air
on
the
national
network
next
Friday
.
•
Each
major
network
covered
the
election
results
live
.
Each
major
network
covered
the
election
results
live
.
verb
to
meet
and
talk
with
people
to
build
useful
professional
or
social
connections
.
•
Young
entrepreneurs
gathered
to
network
after
the
workshop
.
Young
entrepreneurs
gathered
to
network
after
the
workshop
.
•
She
networked
with
alumni
to
find
internship
opportunities
.
She
networked
with
alumni
to
find
internship
opportunities
.
verb
to
connect
computers
or
other
devices
together
so
they
can
share
information
.
•
The
technician
networked
all
the
printers
in
the
office
.
The
technician
networked
all
the
printers
in
the
office
.
•
It
only
takes
a
few
minutes
to
network
two
laptops
with
Wi-Fi
.
It
only
takes
a
few
minutes
to
network
two
laptops
with
Wi-Fi
.
meeting
noun
a
planned
gathering
where
people
come
together
to
talk
about
work
,
ideas
,
or
decisions
•
The
team
has
a
meeting
at
nine
o
’
clock
to
discuss
the
new
project
.
The
team
has
a
meeting
at
nine
o
’
clock
to
discuss
the
new
project
.
•
During
the
video
meeting
,
everyone
turned
on
their
cameras
so
they
could
see
each
other
.
During
the
video
meeting
,
everyone
turned
on
their
cameras
so
they
could
see
each
other
.
From
the
verb
“
meet
”
+
–ing
,
originally
a
gerund
in
Old
English
,
later
used
as
a
standalone
noun
.
verb
-
meet
,
meeting
,
meets
,
met
present
participle
of
meet
:
coming
together
with
someone
or
something
•
We
are
meeting
our
friends
at
the
cinema
tonight
.
We
are
meeting
our
friends
at
the
cinema
tonight
.
•
The
committee
is
meeting
every
Friday
this
month
.
The
committee
is
meeting
every
Friday
this
month
.
Old
English
“
metan
”
meaning
‘
come
together
’,
surviving
unchanged
through
Middle
English
.
noun
an
occasion
when
people
,
animals
,
or
things
come
together
or
touch
each
other
,
often
unexpectedly
•
His
first
meeting
with
the
famous
author
left
him
speechless
.
His
first
meeting
with
the
famous
author
left
him
speechless
.
•
The
peaceful
meeting
of
the
two
rivers
creates
a
wide
lake
.
The
peaceful
meeting
of
the
two
rivers
creates
a
wide
lake
.
Extension
of
the
basic
sense
‘
gathering
’
to
any
coming
together
,
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
set
verb
-
set
,
setting
,
sets
to
put
something
or
someone
in
a
particular
place
or
position
•
Please
set
the
vase
on
the
table
carefully
.
Please
set
the
vase
on
the
table
carefully
.
•
She
set
her
backpack
by
the
door
when
she
came
home
.
She
set
her
backpack
by
the
door
when
she
came
home
.
noun
a
group
of
things
that
belong
together
or
are
used
together
•
I
bought
a
set
of
colorful
markers
for
my
art
class
.
I
bought
a
set
of
colorful
markers
for
my
art
class
.
•
The
chess
set
was
missing
a
knight
piece
.
The
chess
set
was
missing
a
knight
piece
.
adjective
ready
and
prepared
for
what
is
going
to
happen
•
Are
you
set
for
the
exam
tomorrow
?
Are
you
set
for
the
exam
tomorrow
?
•
The
runners
are
set
at
the
starting
line
.
The
runners
are
set
at
the
starting
line
.
verb
-
set
,
setting
,
sets
to
decide
or
arrange
something
so
it
will
happen
at
a
particular
time
or
in
a
particular
way
•
The
teacher
set
the
test
for
next
Friday
.
The
teacher
set
the
test
for
next
Friday
.
•
They
set
a
limit
on
spending
to
stay
within
budget
.
They
set
a
limit
on
spending
to
stay
within
budget
.
noun
the
place
,
often
specially
built
,
where
a
movie
,
TV
show
,
or
play
is
filmed
or
acted
•
The
actors
waited
on
the
set
while
the
lights
were
adjusted
.
The
actors
waited
on
the
set
while
the
lights
were
adjusted
.
•
Visiting
the
movie
set
felt
like
stepping
into
another
world
.
Visiting
the
movie
set
felt
like
stepping
into
another
world
.
verb
-
set
,
setting
,
sets
to
become
firm
or
solid
after
being
liquid
or
soft
•
Let
the
jelly
set
in
the
fridge
for
two
hours
.
Let
the
jelly
set
in
the
fridge
for
two
hours
.
•
The
concrete
needs
a
day
to
set
before
we
walk
on
it
.
The
concrete
needs
a
day
to
set
before
we
walk
on
it
.
forget
verb
-
forget
,
forgetting
,
forgets
,
forgot
,
forgotten
to
fail
to
remember
something
or
someone
•
I
often
forget
my
neighbor's
name
even
though
we
talk
every
day
.
I
often
forget
my
neighbor's
name
even
though
we
talk
every
day
.
•
Rita
forgot
what
time
the
meeting
started
and
arrived
late
.
Rita
forgot
what
time
the
meeting
started
and
arrived
late
.
Old
English
forgietan
,
from
for–
(
completely
)
+
gietan
(
to
get
,
grasp
mentally
),
meaning
originally
‘
lose
grasp
of
’.
completely
adverb
in
every
way
or
to
the
fullest
degree
;
totally
•
The
road
was
completely
covered
in
snow
after
the
night
storm
.
The
road
was
completely
covered
in
snow
after
the
night
storm
.
•
He
completely
forgot
about
the
meeting
and
went
to
the
movies
instead
.
He
completely
forgot
about
the
meeting
and
went
to
the
movies
instead
.
From
complete
+
-ly
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
determine
verb
-
determine
,
determining
,
determines
,
determined
to
discover
the
facts
or
exact
amount
of
something
by
studying
evidence
,
calculating
,
or
thinking
carefully
•
Engineers
determine
how
strong
a
bridge
must
be
before
building
it
.
Engineers
determine
how
strong
a
bridge
must
be
before
building
it
.
•
Astronomers
determine
the
distance
to
a
star
by
measuring
its
light
.
Astronomers
determine
the
distance
to
a
star
by
measuring
its
light
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Old
French
determiner
,
from
Latin
determinare
“
to
bound
,
limit
,
settle
” (
de–
“
completely
”
+
terminus
“
boundary
,
end
”).
verb
-
determine
,
determining
,
determines
,
determined
to
decide
or
control
what
will
happen
;
to
be
the
cause
of
something
•
Genetics
partly
determines
the
color
of
your
eyes
.
Genetics
partly
determines
the
color
of
your
eyes
.
•
Market
demand
will
determine
the
product
’
s
final
price
.
Market
demand
will
determine
the
product
’
s
final
price
.
verb
-
determine
,
determining
,
determines
,
determined
(
formal
)
to
officially
decide
or
settle
something
,
especially
in
law
or
government
•
The
court
will
determine
whether
the
evidence
is
admissible
.
The
court
will
determine
whether
the
evidence
is
admissible
.
•
The
committee
must
determine
the
best
site
for
the
new
hospital
.
The
committee
must
determine
the
best
site
for
the
new
hospital
.
method
noun
a
planned
and
orderly
way
of
doing
something
•
Sam
used
a
new
method
to
solve
the
math
problem
faster
.
Sam
used
a
new
method
to
solve
the
math
problem
faster
.
•
The
method
of
cooking
rice
in
a
clay
pot
gave
it
a
special
flavor
.
The
method
of
cooking
rice
in
a
clay
pot
gave
it
a
special
flavor
.
From
Middle
French
méthode
,
from
Latin
methodus
,
from
Ancient
Greek
μέθοδος
(
métʰodos
)
meaning
"
pursuit
,
following
after
".
noun
in
computer
programming
,
a
function
that
belongs
to
a
specific
object
or
class
•
The
"
print
"
method
sends
text
to
the
console
.
The
"
print
"
method
sends
text
to
the
console
.
•
Call
the
update
method
every
frame
to
keep
the
game
running
smoothly
.
Call
the
update
method
every
frame
to
keep
the
game
running
smoothly
.
noun
in
change-ringing
,
a
fixed
pattern
for
ringing
church
bells
in
a
particular
order
•
The
ringers
practiced
a
new
method
called
"
Plain
Bob
Minor
."
The
ringers
practiced
a
new
method
called
"
Plain
Bob
Minor
."
•
Memorizing
each
method
takes
patience
and
a
keen
ear
.
Memorizing
each
method
takes
patience
and
a
keen
ear
.
detail
noun
a
small
piece
of
information
about
something
•
The
reporter
asked
the
police
officer
for
more
details
about
the
crash
.
The
reporter
asked
the
police
officer
for
more
details
about
the
crash
.
•
Please
send
me
every
detail
of
the
plan
by
tonight
.
Please
send
me
every
detail
of
the
plan
by
tonight
.
Late
Middle
English
from
French
détail
,
from
détailler
‘
cut
up
’,
based
on
tail
‘
cut
’
budget
noun
A
plan
that
shows
how
much
money
you
expect
to
get
and
how
you
will
spend
or
save
it
during
a
set
period
of
time
.
•
Carlos
wrote
out
a
weekly
budget
to
see
where
his
money
was
going
.
Carlos
wrote
out
a
weekly
budget
to
see
where
his
money
was
going
.
•
During
the
meeting
,
the
committee
approved
the
school's
annual
budget
.
During
the
meeting
,
the
committee
approved
the
school's
annual
budget
.
From
Middle
French
bougette
“
small
bag
,
purse
,”
later
meaning
“
purse
of
money
,”
which
extended
to
the
plan
for
spending
the
money
.
noun
The
amount
of
money
that
is
available
or
allowed
to
be
spent
on
a
particular
activity
or
project
.
•
The
film
’
s
advertising
budget
was
over
ten
million
dollars
.
The
film
’
s
advertising
budget
was
over
ten
million
dollars
.
•
She
bought
curtains
that
fit
within
her
small
budget
.
She
bought
curtains
that
fit
within
her
small
budget
.
verb
To
plan
how
much
money
you
will
spend
or
save
and
keep
your
spending
within
that
plan
.
•
We
need
to
budget
for
unexpected
repairs
.
We
need
to
budget
for
unexpected
repairs
.
•
Rosa
budgeted
only
fifty
dollars
a
week
for
groceries
.
Rosa
budgeted
only
fifty
dollars
a
week
for
groceries
.
adjective
Low
in
price
but
still
of
acceptable
quality
;
cheap
.
•
They
stayed
in
a
budget
hotel
near
the
airport
.
They
stayed
in
a
budget
hotel
near
the
airport
.
•
He
bought
a
budget
smartphone
that
still
works
well
.
He
bought
a
budget
smartphone
that
still
works
well
.
safety
noun
-
safety
the
condition
of
being
protected
from
danger
,
harm
,
or
risk
•
Wearing
a
helmet
adds
an
extra
layer
of
safety
when
you
ride
a
bicycle
.
Wearing
a
helmet
adds
an
extra
layer
of
safety
when
you
ride
a
bicycle
.
•
Parents
checked
the
playground
equipment
for
safety
before
letting
the
children
play
.
Parents
checked
the
playground
equipment
for
safety
before
letting
the
children
play
.
From
safe
+
-ty
,
borrowed
from
Old
French
sauveté
,
from
Latin
salvitās
“
soundness
,
health
”.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
a
device
or
feature
that
prevents
accidents
or
makes
equipment
work
only
under
secure
conditions
•
He
forgot
to
switch
off
the
gun
’
s
safety
before
aiming
at
the
target
on
the
range
.
He
forgot
to
switch
off
the
gun
’
s
safety
before
aiming
at
the
target
on
the
range
.
•
The
blender
will
not
start
until
its
lid
safety
is
locked
in
place
.
The
blender
will
not
start
until
its
lid
safety
is
locked
in
place
.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
in
American
football
,
a
play
in
which
the
offensive
team
is
tackled
,
loses
the
ball
,
or
commits
a
foul
in
its
own
end
zone
,
giving
the
defensive
team
two
points
•
The
crowd
roared
when
the
linebacker
forced
a
safety
in
the
fourth
quarter
.
The
crowd
roared
when
the
linebacker
forced
a
safety
in
the
fourth
quarter
.
•
A
bad
snap
flew
over
the
quarterback
’
s
head
and
out
of
the
end
zone
for
a
safety
.
A
bad
snap
flew
over
the
quarterback
’
s
head
and
out
of
the
end
zone
for
a
safety
.
noun
-
safety
,
safeties
in
American
football
,
a
defensive
back
who
plays
deep
behind
the
other
defenders
and
protects
against
long
passes
•
The
experienced
safety
read
the
play
perfectly
and
intercepted
the
pass
.
The
experienced
safety
read
the
play
perfectly
and
intercepted
the
pass
.
•
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
starting
safety
on
her
college
team
.
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
starting
safety
on
her
college
team
.
variety
noun
-
variety
the
state
or
quality
of
having
many
different
kinds
•
The
summer
camp
offered
a
variety
of
activities
,
from
swimming
to
painting
.
The
summer
camp
offered
a
variety
of
activities
,
from
swimming
to
painting
.
•
She
loves
cooking
because
it
lets
her
use
a
variety
of
spices
.
She
loves
cooking
because
it
lets
her
use
a
variety
of
spices
.
Late
15th
century
,
from
Latin
varietas
“
difference
,
diversity
”,
from
varius
“
varied
”.
noun
-
variety
,
varieties
a
particular
type
or
kind
of
something
within
a
larger
group
•
This
new
variety
of
tomato
grows
well
in
cold
weather
.
This
new
variety
of
tomato
grows
well
in
cold
weather
.
•
Scientists
discovered
a
rare
variety
of
butterfly
in
the
rainforest
.
Scientists
discovered
a
rare
variety
of
butterfly
in
the
rainforest
.
noun
-
variety
light
entertainment
made
up
of
many
different
short
acts
such
as
songs
,
comedy
,
and
dance
•
She
began
her
career
in
variety
on
the
London
stage
.
She
began
her
career
in
variety
on
the
London
stage
.
•
The
show
offered
an
evening
of
pure
variety
,
featuring
magicians
,
dancers
,
and
comedians
.
The
show
offered
an
evening
of
pure
variety
,
featuring
magicians
,
dancers
,
and
comedians
.
noun
-
variety
,
varieties
in
botany
,
a
rank
below
species
that
groups
plants
showing
small
but
stable
differences
from
the
main
species
•
Botanists
identified
a
drought-tolerant
variety
of
oak
in
the
desert
.
Botanists
identified
a
drought-tolerant
variety
of
oak
in
the
desert
.
•
This
pink-flowered
variety
of
hydrangea
is
popular
among
gardeners
.
This
pink-flowered
variety
of
hydrangea
is
popular
among
gardeners
.
target
noun
Something
you
aim
at
and
try
to
hit
,
especially
in
sports
like
archery
or
shooting
.
•
The
archer
hit
the
target
in
the
center
on
her
first
try
.
The
archer
hit
the
target
in
the
center
on
her
first
try
.
•
At
the
carnival
,
kids
threw
darts
at
balloon
targets
to
win
prizes
.
At
the
carnival
,
kids
threw
darts
at
balloon
targets
to
win
prizes
.
noun
A
result
,
number
,
or
goal
you
are
trying
to
reach
.
•
Our
sales
target
for
this
month
is
10
,
000
units
.
Our
sales
target
for
this
month
is
10
,
000
units
.
•
Maria
set
a
new
running
target
of
finishing
the
5K
in
under
25
minutes
.
Maria
set
a
new
running
target
of
finishing
the
5K
in
under
25
minutes
.
noun
A
person
or
thing
that
someone
chooses
to
attack
,
criticize
,
or
joke
about
.
•
The
bully
made
Oliver
the
main
target
of
his
jokes
.
The
bully
made
Oliver
the
main
target
of
his
jokes
.
•
Hackers
often
pick
small
businesses
as
easy
targets
.
Hackers
often
pick
small
businesses
as
easy
targets
.
verb
To
aim
at
or
direct
something
such
as
an
action
,
product
,
or
advertisement
toward
a
particular
person
or
goal
.
•
The
new
ad
campaign
targets
young
adults
who
love
outdoor
sports
.
The
new
ad
campaign
targets
young
adults
who
love
outdoor
sports
.
•
Cyber
criminals
target
customers
’
bank
accounts
with
phishing
emails
.
Cyber
criminals
target
customers
’
bank
accounts
with
phishing
emails
.
internet
noun
-
internet
the
global
system
that
connects
millions
of
computers
and
lets
people
share
information
and
communicate
anywhere
in
the
world
•
I
found
a
new
recipe
on
the
internet
and
tried
it
last
night
.
I
found
a
new
recipe
on
the
internet
and
tried
it
last
night
.
•
During
the
storm
,
our
internet
stopped
working
,
so
we
played
board
games
instead
.
During
the
storm
,
our
internet
stopped
working
,
so
we
played
board
games
instead
.
coined
in
the
early
1970s
from
the
words
“
interconnected
”
and
“
network
”
to
describe
the
U
.
S
.
Defense
Advanced
Research
Projects
Agency
(
DARPA
)
project
that
linked
computer
networks
together
noun
in
computer
science
,
any
large
group
of
smaller
networks
linked
together
and
using
the
same
communication
rules
(
TCP/IP
),
not
necessarily
the
public
internet
•
Each
campus
built
its
own
internet
to
connect
research
labs
securely
.
Each
campus
built
its
own
internet
to
connect
research
labs
securely
.
•
The
engineers
planned
to
merge
several
small
networks
into
one
internet
.
The
engineers
planned
to
merge
several
small
networks
into
one
internet
.
extends
the
original
sense
of
“
internet
”
from
meaning
the
specific
global
network
to
any
collection
of
networks
linked
by
the
internet
protocol
suite
planet
noun
a
large
,
round
object
in
space
that
travels
around
a
star
and
shines
by
reflecting
that
star
’
s
light
•
Scientists
discovered
a
new
planet
orbiting
a
distant
star
.
Scientists
discovered
a
new
planet
orbiting
a
distant
star
.
•
Through
a
telescope
,
the
children
saw
the
rings
of
the
planet
Saturn
.
Through
a
telescope
,
the
children
saw
the
rings
of
the
planet
Saturn
.
From
Old
French
planete
,
from
Latin
planēta
,
from
Ancient
Greek
planḗtēs
“
wanderer
”,
because
planets
appear
to
wander
among
the
fixed
stars
.
noun
-
planet
Earth
,
especially
when
people
talk
about
protecting
the
environment
•
We
all
must
act
now
to
save
the
planet
from
pollution
.
We
all
must
act
now
to
save
the
planet
from
pollution
.
•
Climate
change
threatens
the
health
of
our
planet
.
Climate
change
threatens
the
health
of
our
planet
.
Same
origin
as
the
astronomical
sense
;
modern
environmental
usage
began
in
the
late
20th
century
as
concern
for
the
Earth
’
s
ecosystems
grew
.
return
verb
to
go
or
come
back
to
a
place
,
situation
,
or
condition
after
being
away
•
After
school
,
the
children
will
return
home
for
dinner
.
After
school
,
the
children
will
return
home
for
dinner
.
•
The
swallows
return
every
spring
to
build
nests
under
the
old
bridge
.
The
swallows
return
every
spring
to
build
nests
under
the
old
bridge
.
From
Old
French
'retourner'
,
from
Latin
're-'
(
back
)
+
'tornare'
(
to
turn
).
noun
the
act
of
coming
or
going
back
to
a
place
or
state
•
Everyone
celebrated
her
return
from
the
hospital
.
Everyone
celebrated
her
return
from
the
hospital
.
•
The
soldiers
received
a
hero
’
s
welcome
on
their
return
.
The
soldiers
received
a
hero
’
s
welcome
on
their
return
.
See
Sense
1
.
verb
to
give
,
send
,
or
put
something
back
to
the
person
or
place
it
came
from
•
Could
you
return
the
book
to
the
library
for
me
?
Could
you
return
the
book
to
the
library
for
me
?
•
She
politely
returned
the
jacket
she
had
borrowed
from
her
friend
.
She
politely
returned
the
jacket
she
had
borrowed
from
her
friend
.
See
Sense
1
.
noun
a
train
,
bus
,
or
plane
ticket
that
allows
you
to
travel
to
a
place
and
back
again
•
A
return
to
Manchester
is
cheaper
than
two
single
tickets
.
A
return
to
Manchester
is
cheaper
than
two
single
tickets
.
•
He
asked
the
clerk
for
a
return
because
he
planned
to
come
back
the
same
day
.
He
asked
the
clerk
for
a
return
because
he
planned
to
come
back
the
same
day
.
Specialised
UK
railway
use
from
the
late
19th
century
.
verb
to
produce
or
yield
a
financial
profit
or
result
•
The
investment
is
expected
to
return
ten
percent
per
year
.
The
investment
is
expected
to
return
ten
percent
per
year
.
•
Government
bonds
usually
return
less
than
stocks
but
are
safer
.
Government
bonds
usually
return
less
than
stocks
but
are
safer
.
Financial
sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
from
the
idea
of
money
‘
coming
back
’
to
the
investor
.
secretary
noun
-
secretary
,
secretaries
a
person
employed
in
an
office
or
organization
who
handles
written
correspondence
,
phone
calls
,
appointments
,
and
other
routine
administrative
tasks
•
The
secretary
scheduled
the
meeting
for
Friday
afternoon
.
The
secretary
scheduled
the
meeting
for
Friday
afternoon
.
•
As
the
phones
kept
ringing
,
the
busy
secretary
remained
calm
and
answered
each
call
politely
.
As
the
phones
kept
ringing
,
the
busy
secretary
remained
calm
and
answered
each
call
politely
.
from
Latin
'secretarius'
meaning
'confidential
officer'
,
originally
referring
to
someone
who
keeps
secrets
for
a
superior
noun
-
secretary
,
secretaries
a
senior
government
official
who
is
the
head
of
a
department
or
ministry
,
such
as
the
Secretary
of
State
or
Secretary
of
Defense
•
The
secretary
of
health
answered
questions
from
reporters
about
the
new
vaccine
.
The
secretary
of
health
answered
questions
from
reporters
about
the
new
vaccine
.
•
During
the
summit
,
the
Secretary
of
State
signed
the
peace
agreement
.
During
the
summit
,
the
Secretary
of
State
signed
the
peace
agreement
.
extended
from
the
administrative
sense
to
high
government
offices
in
the
17th
century
noun
-
secretary
,
secretaries
a
piece
of
furniture
with
drawers
and
a
hinged
writing
surface
,
also
called
a
secretary
desk
,
used
for
writing
and
storing
papers
•
Grandma
kept
her
letters
in
the
antique
secretary
in
the
living
room
.
Grandma
kept
her
letters
in
the
antique
secretary
in
the
living
room
.
•
The
old
oak
secretary
folds
out
into
a
spacious
writing
surface
.
The
old
oak
secretary
folds
out
into
a
spacious
writing
surface
.
transferred
from
the
clerical
occupation
to
the
furniture
designed
for
writing
and
document
storage
sweet
adjective
-
sweet
,
sweeter
,
sweetest
Having
a
sugary
taste
like
that
of
sugar
or
honey
.
•
The
lemonade
tasted
sweet
because
Maria
added
extra
sugar
.
The
lemonade
tasted
sweet
because
Maria
added
extra
sugar
.
•
Children
usually
prefer
sweet
snacks
like
chocolate
.
Children
usually
prefer
sweet
snacks
like
chocolate
.
adjective
-
sweet
,
sweeter
,
sweetest
Showing
kindness
,
affection
,
or
thoughtfulness
.
•
That
was
very
sweet
of
you
to
help
me
carry
my
bags
.
That
was
very
sweet
of
you
to
help
me
carry
my
bags
.
•
She
gave
her
grandmother
a
sweet
smile
.
She
gave
her
grandmother
a
sweet
smile
.
noun
A
small
piece
of
candy
or
other
sugary
food
,
often
eaten
as
a
snack
or
after
a
meal
.
•
After
school
,
the
kids
shared
a
packet
of
sweets
.
After
school
,
the
kids
shared
a
packet
of
sweets
.
•
Would
you
like
a
sweet
to
go
with
your
tea
?
Would
you
like
a
sweet
to
go
with
your
tea
?
interjection
Used
to
express
pleasure
,
approval
,
or
excitement
.
•
You
got
tickets
to
the
concert
?
Sweet
!
You
got
tickets
to
the
concert
?
Sweet
!
•
They
finished
the
project
two
days
early
—
Sweet
!
They
finished
the
project
two
days
early
—
Sweet
!
complete
adjective
having
all
the
necessary
parts
or
elements
;
whole
and
not
missing
anything
•
She
collected
a
complete
set
of
stamps
from
the
series
.
She
collected
a
complete
set
of
stamps
from
the
series
.
•
The
puzzle
is
complete
now
that
the
last
piece
is
in
place
.
The
puzzle
is
complete
now
that
the
last
piece
is
in
place
.
adjective
finished
;
having
been
brought
to
an
end
or
final
state
•
The
construction
of
the
bridge
is
complete
at
last
.
The
construction
of
the
bridge
is
complete
at
last
.
•
Once
your
application
is
complete
,
submit
it
online
.
Once
your
application
is
complete
,
submit
it
online
.
adjective
being
as
great
or
extreme
as
possible
;
total
;
absolute
•
Losing
all
the
data
was
a
complete
disaster
.
Losing
all
the
data
was
a
complete
disaster
.
•
He
felt
a
complete
fool
after
forgetting
her
birthday
.
He
felt
a
complete
fool
after
forgetting
her
birthday
.
verb
-
complete
,
completing
,
completes
,
completed
to
finish
making
or
doing
something
so
that
it
is
whole
or
ready
•
Please
complete
the
form
with
your
details
.
Please
complete
the
form
with
your
details
.
•
He
worked
late
to
complete
the
assignment
.
He
worked
late
to
complete
the
assignment
.
ticket
noun
a
printed
,
written
,
or
digital
pass
that
shows
you
have
paid
to
travel
,
enter
an
event
,
or
use
a
service
•
Lena
put
her
movie
ticket
in
her
pocket
before
going
into
the
cinema
.
Lena
put
her
movie
ticket
in
her
pocket
before
going
into
the
cinema
.
•
You
need
a
ticket
to
ride
the
bus
downtown
.
You
need
a
ticket
to
ride
the
bus
downtown
.
From
Middle
French
"
etiquet
"
meaning
a
small
label
or
note
.
noun
a
small
numbered
card
or
slip
you
buy
for
a
chance
to
win
money
or
a
prize
in
a
lottery
or
raffle
•
Jorge
held
his
lottery
ticket
tightly
,
hoping
for
a
big
win
.
Jorge
held
his
lottery
ticket
tightly
,
hoping
for
a
big
win
.
•
Every
child
received
a
raffle
ticket
at
the
school
fair
.
Every
child
received
a
raffle
ticket
at
the
school
fair
.
Adopted
in
the
18th
century
for
numbered
slips
used
in
lotteries
.
noun
an
official
notice
from
the
police
or
another
authority
telling
you
to
pay
a
fine
because
you
broke
a
law
or
rule
•
Maya
was
upset
when
she
found
a
parking
ticket
on
her
windshield
.
Maya
was
upset
when
she
found
a
parking
ticket
on
her
windshield
.
•
If
you
drive
too
fast
,
you
might
get
a
speeding
ticket
.
If
you
drive
too
fast
,
you
might
get
a
speeding
ticket
.
Sense
extended
in
late
19th
century
to
mean
a
notice
of
penalty
.
verb
-
ticket
,
ticketing
,
tickets
,
ticketed
to
give
someone
an
official
notice
saying
they
must
pay
a
fine
for
breaking
a
rule
•
The
police
officer
ticketed
every
car
parked
in
the
fire
lane
.
The
police
officer
ticketed
every
car
parked
in
the
fire
lane
.
•
She
was
ticketed
for
cycling
without
lights
after
dark
.
She
was
ticketed
for
cycling
without
lights
after
dark
.
Verb
use
recorded
from
late
19th
century
,
formed
from
the
noun
.
noun
a
written
record
in
a
computer
system
that
describes
a
problem
or
request
so
that
technical
support
can
track
and
solve
it
•
I
opened
a
support
ticket
about
the
broken
printer
.
I
opened
a
support
ticket
about
the
broken
printer
.
•
The
technician
closed
the
ticket
after
fixing
the
issue
.
The
technician
closed
the
ticket
after
fixing
the
issue
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
physical
slips
to
digital
records
in
the
late
20th
century
.
noun
a
pair
or
group
of
candidates
running
together
in
an
election
and
listed
on
the
same
ballot
•
The
party
announced
its
presidential
ticket
at
the
convention
.
The
party
announced
its
presidential
ticket
at
the
convention
.
•
Many
voters
liked
the
balance
of
experience
and
youth
on
the
new
ticket
.
Many
voters
liked
the
balance
of
experience
and
youth
on
the
new
ticket
.
Political
sense
arose
in
19th-century
United
States
from
printed
ballots
listing
several
names
together
.
settle
verb
-
settle
,
settling
,
settles
,
settled
to
become
quiet
,
calm
,
or
still
•
The
baby
cried
for
a
while
but
soon
settled
and
fell
asleep
.
The
baby
cried
for
a
while
but
soon
settled
and
fell
asleep
.
•
Please
settle
and
take
your
seats
before
the
movie
starts
.
Please
settle
and
take
your
seats
before
the
movie
starts
.
Old
sense
linked
to
objects
‘
coming
to
rest
’;
later
used
for
people
and
feelings
.
verb
-
settle
,
settling
,
settles
,
settled
to
end
a
disagreement
by
reaching
an
agreement
that
everyone
accepts
•
The
two
neighbors
finally
settled
their
long
dispute
over
the
fence
line
.
The
two
neighbors
finally
settled
their
long
dispute
over
the
fence
line
.
•
After
hours
of
talks
,
the
union
and
the
company
settled
on
a
fair
contract
.
After
hours
of
talks
,
the
union
and
the
company
settled
on
a
fair
contract
.
From
Old
English
‘
setlan
’
meaning
‘
to
place
or
make
stable
’.
verb
-
settle
,
settling
,
settles
,
settled
to
move
to
a
new
place
and
make
it
your
permanent
home
•
After
the
war
,
many
families
settled
in
the
quiet
valley
.
After
the
war
,
many
families
settled
in
the
quiet
valley
.
•
The
birds
settle
in
the
same
marsh
every
spring
.
The
birds
settle
in
the
same
marsh
every
spring
.
Sense
developed
in
Middle
English
as
people
‘
set
’
themselves
down
in
new
lands
.
verb
-
settle
,
settling
,
settles
,
settled
to
pay
the
money
that
you
owe
•
Could
you
settle
the
bill
before
we
leave
the
restaurant
?
Could
you
settle
the
bill
before
we
leave
the
restaurant
?
•
He
settled
his
debt
to
the
bank
early
.
He
settled
his
debt
to
the
bank
early
.
Financial
sense
appears
in
18th-century
English
bookkeeping
.
verb
-
settle
,
settling
,
settles
,
settled
for
light
things
like
dust
,
snow
,
or
liquid
particles
to
fall
and
stay
on
a
surface
or
at
the
bottom
•
A
thin
layer
of
snow
settled
on
the
rooftops
overnight
.
A
thin
layer
of
snow
settled
on
the
rooftops
overnight
.
•
Let
the
coffee
stand
so
the
grounds
can
settle
at
the
bottom
.
Let
the
coffee
stand
so
the
grounds
can
settle
at
the
bottom
.
From
the
idea
of
letting
something
‘
sit
’
until
still
.
noun
a
wooden
bench
with
a
high
back
and
arms
,
often
with
storage
space
under
the
seat
•
Grandfather
kept
his
fishing
rods
in
the
chest
beneath
the
settle
by
the
cottage
door
.
Grandfather
kept
his
fishing
rods
in
the
chest
beneath
the
settle
by
the
cottage
door
.
•
The
antique
dealer
showed
us
an
Elizabethan
oak
settle
with
intricate
carvings
.
The
antique
dealer
showed
us
an
Elizabethan
oak
settle
with
intricate
carvings
.
Middle
English
‘
setel
’
meaning
‘
seat
’,
related
to
‘
sit
’.
quiet
adjective
-
quiet
,
quieter
,
quietest
making
very
little
noise
;
not
loud
•
The
library
is
always
quiet
in
the
mornings
.
The
library
is
always
quiet
in
the
mornings
.
•
Please
keep
your
voice
quiet
while
the
baby
sleeps
.
Please
keep
your
voice
quiet
while
the
baby
sleeps
.
From
Middle
English
"
quiet
" (
peaceful
),
via
Old
French
,
from
Latin
"
quietus
"
meaning
at
rest
or
calm
.
interjection
-
quiet
,
quieter
,
quietest
used
to
tell
someone
to
stop
talking
or
making
noise
•
"
Quiet
!"
the
teacher
said
as
the
class
grew
noisy
.
"
Quiet
!"
the
teacher
said
as
the
class
grew
noisy
.
•
"
Quiet
in
the
audience
,
please
,"
the
announcer
requested
.
"
Quiet
in
the
audience
,
please
,"
the
announcer
requested
.
adjective
-
quiet
,
quieter
,
quietest
calm
and
without
much
activity
or
excitement
•
It
was
a
quiet
day
at
the
office
,
with
few
calls
and
no
meetings
.
It
was
a
quiet
day
at
the
office
,
with
few
calls
and
no
meetings
.
•
The
resort
is
perfect
for
travelers
who
want
a
quiet
holiday
.
The
resort
is
perfect
for
travelers
who
want
a
quiet
holiday
.
noun
-
quiet
,
quieter
,
quietest
a
state
of
calm
or
silence
•
She
enjoys
the
early-morning
quiet
before
the
city
wakes
up
.
She
enjoys
the
early-morning
quiet
before
the
city
wakes
up
.
•
The
teacher
asked
for
quiet
so
the
students
could
concentrate
.
The
teacher
asked
for
quiet
so
the
students
could
concentrate
.
verb
-
quiet
,
quieter
,
quietest
to
make
someone
or
something
silent
or
calm
,
or
to
become
silent
•
She
gently
quieted
the
barking
dog
with
a
treat
.
She
gently
quieted
the
barking
dog
with
a
treat
.
•
The
crowd
began
to
quiet
as
the
lights
dimmed
.
The
crowd
began
to
quiet
as
the
lights
dimmed
.
competition
noun
a
contest
or
event
in
which
people
or
teams
try
to
win
a
prize
•
Maria
entered
a
cooking
competition
at
the
local
fair
.
Maria
entered
a
cooking
competition
at
the
local
fair
.
•
The
city
hosts
an
annual
music
competition
for
young
talent
.
The
city
hosts
an
annual
music
competition
for
young
talent
.
noun
the
activity
or
situation
of
trying
to
be
better
than
other
people
or
groups
in
order
to
win
or
get
something
you
want
•
Our
company
faces
tough
competition
from
overseas
brands
.
Our
company
faces
tough
competition
from
overseas
brands
.
•
There
is
friendly
competition
between
the
two
sisters
when
they
play
chess
after
school
.
There
is
friendly
competition
between
the
two
sisters
when
they
play
chess
after
school
.
Borrowed
in
the
early
1600s
from
Latin
competitio
“
rivalry
,
contest
,”
from
competere
“
to
strive
together
.”
noun
the
people
or
groups
you
are
trying
to
beat
in
a
contest
,
business
,
or
other
activity
•
The
competition
was
well
prepared
,
so
we
had
to
work
hard
to
stand
out
.
The
competition
was
well
prepared
,
so
we
had
to
work
hard
to
stand
out
.
•
She
studied
the
competition
before
launching
her
product
online
.
She
studied
the
competition
before
launching
her
product
online
.
noun
the
struggle
between
living
things
for
the
same
limited
resources
such
as
food
,
water
,
or
space
•
In
the
forest
,
there
is
intense
competition
for
sunlight
among
tall
trees
.
In
the
forest
,
there
is
intense
competition
for
sunlight
among
tall
trees
.
•
The
introduction
of
rabbits
increased
competition
for
grass
with
native
species
.
The
introduction
of
rabbits
increased
competition
for
grass
with
native
species
.
secret
adjective
kept
hidden
from
other
people
or
meant
to
be
unknown
to
most
•
The
spies
held
a
secret
meeting
in
an
abandoned
warehouse
.
The
spies
held
a
secret
meeting
in
an
abandoned
warehouse
.
•
She
kept
her
friend's
secret
diary
locked
in
a
drawer
.
She
kept
her
friend's
secret
diary
locked
in
a
drawer
.
noun
information
that
is
deliberately
kept
hidden
from
other
people
•
Can
you
keep
a
secret
?
Can
you
keep
a
secret
?
•
The
children
whispered
a
secret
to
each
other
under
the
table
.
The
children
whispered
a
secret
to
each
other
under
the
table
.
noun
a
special
method
,
ingredient
,
or
piece
of
knowledge
that
makes
something
successful
or
effective
•
The
secret
to
her
fluffy
pancakes
is
using
buttermilk
.
The
secret
to
her
fluffy
pancakes
is
using
buttermilk
.
•
Hard
work
was
the
secret
of
his
success
.
Hard
work
was
the
secret
of
his
success
.
setting
noun
the
place
,
surroundings
,
or
background
where
something
happens
•
The
mountain
village
provided
a
perfect
setting
for
their
wedding
photos
.
The
mountain
village
provided
a
perfect
setting
for
their
wedding
photos
.
•
The
novel
’
s
wartime
setting
makes
the
story
even
more
intense
.
The
novel
’
s
wartime
setting
makes
the
story
even
more
intense
.
Derived
from
Old
English
“
settan
”
meaning
“
to
put
or
place
,”
with
the
noun
sense
developing
in
Middle
English
to
mean
the
surroundings
of
an
event
.
noun
a
particular
position
or
level
chosen
on
a
device
or
machine
•
Turn
the
oven
to
the
lowest
setting
so
the
sauce
can
simmer
gently
.
Turn
the
oven
to
the
lowest
setting
so
the
sauce
can
simmer
gently
.
•
I
changed
the
brightness
setting
on
my
phone
to
save
battery
.
I
changed
the
brightness
setting
on
my
phone
to
save
battery
.
Extends
the
idea
of
“
putting
something
in
a
position
”
to
choosing
a
position
on
a
control
in
20th-century
technology
.
noun
the
metal
frame
that
holds
a
jewel
in
place
•
The
diamond
fell
out
because
the
ring
’
s
setting
was
loose
.
The
diamond
fell
out
because
the
ring
’
s
setting
was
loose
.
•
She
chose
a
simple
gold
setting
for
her
sapphire
.
She
chose
a
simple
gold
setting
for
her
sapphire
.
Specialized
jeweler
’
s
use
recorded
since
the
19th
century
,
from
the
idea
of
“
setting
”
a
gem
into
metal
.
noun
all
the
plates
,
knives
,
forks
,
and
glasses
arranged
for
one
person
at
a
meal
•
The
restaurant
uses
a
formal
setting
with
three
forks
and
two
knives
.
The
restaurant
uses
a
formal
setting
with
three
forks
and
two
knives
.
•
We
added
a
festive
napkin
to
each
setting
for
the
holiday
dinner
.
We
added
a
festive
napkin
to
each
setting
for
the
holiday
dinner
.
From
the
verb
phrase
“
set
the
table
”;
the
noun
arose
in
the
18th
century
to
name
the
items
set
out
for
one
diner
.
noun
-
setting
the
process
of
becoming
solid
or
firm
•
The
setting
of
the
concrete
will
take
about
two
days
.
The
setting
of
the
concrete
will
take
about
two
days
.
•
Watch
the
setting
of
jelly
in
the
fridge
overnight
.
Watch
the
setting
of
jelly
in
the
fridge
overnight
.
From
the
sense
of
the
verb
“
set
”
meaning
“
to
become
firm
,”
documented
since
Middle
English
in
cooking
and
building
contexts
.
pocket
noun
a
small
cloth
bag
sewn
into
clothes
,
bags
,
or
other
items
so
you
can
carry
or
keep
small
things
in
it
•
Sara
slid
her
phone
into
her
pocket
and
walked
outside
.
Sara
slid
her
phone
into
her
pocket
and
walked
outside
.
•
The
old
coat
had
a
hole
in
its
left
pocket
,
so
coins
kept
falling
out
.
The
old
coat
had
a
hole
in
its
left
pocket
,
so
coins
kept
falling
out
.
From
Middle
English
poket
,
diminutive
of
poket
,
from
Old
North
French
poque
“
bag
”.
Originally
meaning
“
small
bag
”,
later
“
small
bag
sewn
into
clothes
”.
noun
one
of
the
six
holes
at
the
edge
of
a
billiard
or
pool
table
into
which
balls
are
struck
•
The
red
ball
rolled
across
the
felt
and
dropped
neatly
into
the
corner
pocket
.
The
red
ball
rolled
across
the
felt
and
dropped
neatly
into
the
corner
pocket
.
•
She
lined
up
the
shot
and
aimed
for
the
side
pocket
.
She
lined
up
the
shot
and
aimed
for
the
side
pocket
.
Borrowed
from
the
main
sense
of
"
pocket
"
because
the
holes
resemble
small
bags
.
verb
to
put
something
into
your
pocket
or
to
take
or
keep
money
or
things
,
often
secretly
or
unfairly
•
She
quickly
pocketed
the
coin
she
found
on
the
sidewalk
.
She
quickly
pocketed
the
coin
she
found
on
the
sidewalk
.
•
The
player
pocketed
a
huge
bonus
after
scoring
the
winning
goal
.
The
player
pocketed
a
huge
bonus
after
scoring
the
winning
goal
.
Verb
sense
comes
from
the
noun
:
to
pocket
originally
meant
“
to
place
in
one
’
s
pocket
”.
Later
it
gained
the
idea
of
taking
money
for
oneself
.
adjective
small
and
designed
to
be
carried
easily
in
a
pocket
;
miniature
•
She
bought
a
pocket
dictionary
for
her
trip
.
She
bought
a
pocket
dictionary
for
her
trip
.
•
The
camper
carried
a
pocket
torch
instead
of
a
large
lantern
.
The
camper
carried
a
pocket
torch
instead
of
a
large
lantern
.
Transferred
adjective
use
from
the
noun
:
describing
objects
small
enough
to
fit
into
a
pocket
.
noun
a
small
,
separate
area
or
group
inside
something
larger
•
There
was
a
pocket
of
warm
air
in
the
otherwise
cold
cave
.
There
was
a
pocket
of
warm
air
in
the
otherwise
cold
cave
.
•
The
city
still
had
small
pockets
of
old
houses
among
the
new
skyscrapers
.
The
city
still
had
small
pockets
of
old
houses
among
the
new
skyscrapers
.
Extended
metaphor
from
the
idea
of
a
small
bag
that
sits
inside
something
larger
.
soviet
noun
a
workers
’
or
soldiers
’
council
elected
to
represent
local
people
during
the
Russian
Revolution
and
in
the
former
Soviet
Union
•
During
the
Russian
Revolution
,
each
factory
elected
a
soviet
to
voice
workers'
demands
.
During
the
Russian
Revolution
,
each
factory
elected
a
soviet
to
voice
workers'
demands
.
•
The
city
soviet
organized
food
distribution
to
deal
with
shortages
.
The
city
soviet
organized
food
distribution
to
deal
with
shortages
.
Borrowed
into
English
in
the
early
20th
century
from
Russian
“
сове́т
” (
sovét
)
meaning
“
council
”
or
“
advice
”.
Soviet
adjective
relating
to
the
former
Soviet
Union
,
its
government
,
people
,
or
policies
•
Cold
War
textbooks
often
presented
the
Soviet
missile
program
as
a
major
threat
.
Cold
War
textbooks
often
presented
the
Soviet
missile
program
as
a
major
threat
.
•
My
grandmother
still
keeps
a
Soviet
postage
stamp
from
1961
in
her
diary
.
My
grandmother
still
keeps
a
Soviet
postage
stamp
from
1961
in
her
diary
.
Derived
from
the
name
of
the
Soviet
Union
,
officially
the
Union
of
Soviet
Socialist
Republics
(
USSR
),
established
in
1922
.
noun
a
citizen
of
the
former
Soviet
Union
•
A
young
Soviet
greeted
the
Western
reporters
with
cautious
curiosity
.
A
young
Soviet
greeted
the
Western
reporters
with
cautious
curiosity
.
•
The
athlete
was
the
first
Soviet
to
win
a
gold
medal
in
that
event
.
The
athlete
was
the
first
Soviet
to
win
a
gold
medal
in
that
event
.
From
the
national
adjective
of
the
Union
of
Soviet
Socialist
Republics
;
used
in
English
from
the
1920s
to
denote
a
person
from
the
USSR
.
tooth
noun
-
tooth
,
teeth
a
hard
white
part
in
the
mouth
that
bites
and
chews
food
•
The
little
girl
lost
her
first
tooth
yesterday
.
The
little
girl
lost
her
first
tooth
yesterday
.
•
Brushing
each
tooth
keeps
your
smile
healthy
.
Brushing
each
tooth
keeps
your
smile
healthy
.
noun
-
tooth
,
teeth
one
of
the
small
sharp
parts
that
stick
out
from
the
edge
or
surface
of
a
tool
or
machine
part
•
One
tooth
on
the
zipper
was
bent
,
so
it
wouldn't
close
properly
.
One
tooth
on
the
zipper
was
bent
,
so
it
wouldn't
close
properly
.
•
The
mechanic
noticed
that
a
tooth
had
broken
off
the
gear
wheel
.
The
mechanic
noticed
that
a
tooth
had
broken
off
the
gear
wheel
.
noun
-
tooth
,
teeth
a
strong
desire
or
liking
for
a
particular
kind
of
food
,
especially
sweet
food
•
I
have
a
sweet tooth
,
so
desserts
are
hard
to
resist
.
I
have
a
sweet tooth
,
so
desserts
are
hard
to
resist
.
•
Even
after
dinner
,
her
sweet tooth
made
her
look
for
chocolate
.
Even
after
dinner
,
her
sweet tooth
made
her
look
for
chocolate
.
metal
noun
-
metal
,
metalling
,
metals
,
metalled
a
solid
chemical
element
or
alloy
such
as
iron
,
gold
,
or
aluminium
that
is
usually
hard
,
shiny
,
and
able
to
conduct
heat
and
electricity
•
The
bridge
is
built
from
strong
metal
to
carry
thousands
of
cars
each
day
.
The
bridge
is
built
from
strong
metal
to
carry
thousands
of
cars
each
day
.
•
When
heated
,
the
metal
sheet
expanded
slightly
and
changed
shape
.
When
heated
,
the
metal
sheet
expanded
slightly
and
changed
shape
.
from
Old
French
metal
,
from
Latin
metallum
“
mine
,
metal
,”
from
Ancient
Greek
métallon
“
mine
,
quarry
,
metal
.”
bet
verb
-
bet
,
betting
,
bets
to
risk
money
or
something
valuable
on
the
result
of
a
game
,
race
,
or
other
uncertain
event
.
•
Tom
loves
to
bet
on
horse
races
at
the
weekend
.
Tom
loves
to
bet
on
horse
races
at
the
weekend
.
•
Many
people
bet
online
during
big
football
tournaments
.
Many
people
bet
online
during
big
football
tournaments
.
Old
English
*bettan*
“
to
improve
,
make
good
,”
later
“
pledge
to
do
something
.”
Modern
sense
of
risking
money
emerged
in
the
16th
century
.
verb
-
bet
,
betting
,
bets
to
say
confidently
that
you
think
something
is
true
or
will
happen
.
•
I
bet
it
will
rain
during
the
picnic
.
I
bet
it
will
rain
during
the
picnic
.
•
You
can
bet
she
will
pass
the
exam
with
ease
.
You
can
bet
she
will
pass
the
exam
with
ease
.
noun
an
agreement
to
risk
money
on
the
result
of
something
,
or
the
amount
that
is
risked
.
•
He
placed
a
ten-dollar
bet
on
the
boxing
match
.
He
placed
a
ten-dollar
bet
on
the
boxing
match
.
•
Her
bet
was
that
the
blue
car
would
win
the
race
.
Her
bet
was
that
the
blue
car
would
win
the
race
.
noun
a
plan
or
choice
that
is
likely
to
be
the
most
successful
or
suitable
.
•
Taking
the
bus
is
your
best
bet
during
rush
hour
.
Taking
the
bus
is
your
best
bet
during
rush
hour
.
•
Our
safest
bet
is
to
leave
early
and
avoid
traffic
.
Our
safest
bet
is
to
leave
early
and
avoid
traffic
.
interjection
slang
:
used
to
show
agreement
,
approval
,
or
that
something
will
be
done
.
•
"
Can
you
pick
me
up
at
eight
?"
–
"
Bet
!"
"
Can
you
pick
me
up
at
eight
?"
–
"
Bet
!"
•
"
Let's
meet
at
the
mall
after
school
."
–
"
Bet
!
See
you
then
."
"
Let's
meet
at
the
mall
after
school
."
–
"
Bet
!
See
you
then
."
Evolved
from
the
expression
“
you
bet
”
meaning
“
certainly
,”
shortened
by
African-American
communities
and
popularized
in
late-20th-century
hip-hop
culture
.
basketball
noun
-
basketball
a
fast-moving
team
sport
in
which
two
teams
try
to
score
by
throwing
a
large
round
ball
through
a
high
hoop
with
a
net
•
Every
Friday
after
school
,
Mia
and
her
friends
play
basketball
on
the
outdoor
court
.
Every
Friday
after
school
,
Mia
and
her
friends
play
basketball
on
the
outdoor
court
.
•
The
Olympics
feature
basketball
games
that
millions
of
people
watch
around
the
world
.
The
Olympics
feature
basketball
games
that
millions
of
people
watch
around
the
world
.
coined
in
1891
by
James
Naismith
,
combining
the
words
“
basket
”
and
“
ball
”
to
describe
the
game
he
invented
using
peach
baskets
as
goals
noun
the
large
round
orange
ball
with
black
seams
that
players
use
in
the
game
of
basketball
•
She
dribbled
the
new
basketball
across
the
court
before
taking
a
shot
.
She
dribbled
the
new
basketball
across
the
court
before
taking
a
shot
.
•
The
old
basketball
lost
air
,
so
it
bounced
unevenly
during
practice
.
The
old
basketball
lost
air
,
so
it
bounced
unevenly
during
practice
.
named
after
the
sport
of
basketball
,
for
which
the
ball
was
specially
designed
in
the
late
19th
century
athlete
noun
a
person
who
trains
and
competes
in
sports
or
other
demanding
physical
activities
that
need
strength
,
speed
,
or
endurance
•
The
young
athlete
crossed
the
finish
line
first
and
raised
her
arms
in
victory
.
The
young
athlete
crossed
the
finish
line
first
and
raised
her
arms
in
victory
.
•
Every
athlete
on
the
basketball
team
trained
for
hours
after
school
.
Every
athlete
on
the
basketball
team
trained
for
hours
after
school
.
From
ancient
Greek
athlētēs
‘
contestant
for
a
prize
’,
from
áthlon
‘
prize
’
or
‘
contest
’.
asset
noun
a
person
,
skill
,
or
quality
that
is
very
useful
and
helps
to
achieve
success
•
His
ability
to
speak
three
languages
is
a
great
asset
to
the
team
.
His
ability
to
speak
three
languages
is
a
great
asset
to
the
team
.
•
Honesty
is
an
asset
in
any
relationship
.
Honesty
is
an
asset
in
any
relationship
.
Same
historical
root
as
the
financial
sense
:
from
Anglo-French
assets
meaning
“
enough
,”
later
extended
to
anything
helpful
or
advantageous
.
noun
something
valuable
that
a
person
or
organization
owns
and
that
can
be
turned
into
money
•
The
company's
biggest
asset
is
its
loyal
customer
base
.
The
company's
biggest
asset
is
its
loyal
customer
base
.
•
She
sold
several
assets
to
pay
off
her
debts
.
She
sold
several
assets
to
pay
off
her
debts
.
Early
1500s
:
from
Anglo-French
assets
,
from
Old
French
assez
“
enough
”,
originally
a
legal
term
meaning
that
the
deceased
left
enough
goods
to
cover
debts
.
diet
noun
the
food
and
drinks
that
a
person
or
animal
normally
eats
every
day
•
A
panda's
diet
consists
mostly
of
bamboo
shoots
.
A
panda's
diet
consists
mostly
of
bamboo
shoots
.
•
After
moving
to
the
coast
,
Luis
added
more
fish
to
his
daily
diet
.
After
moving
to
the
coast
,
Luis
added
more
fish
to
his
daily
diet
.
From
Latin
‘
diaeta
’,
from
Ancient
Greek
‘
δίαιτα
(
díaita
)’
meaning
‘
way
of
life
,
mode
of
living
’.
noun
a
special
plan
of
eating
fewer
or
selected
kinds
of
food
,
usually
to
lose
weight
or
improve
health
•
Maya
went
on
a
low-carb
diet
to
prepare
for
the
marathon
.
Maya
went
on
a
low-carb
diet
to
prepare
for
the
marathon
.
•
His
doctor
recommended
a
salt-free
diet
to
lower
his
blood
pressure
.
His
doctor
recommended
a
salt-free
diet
to
lower
his
blood
pressure
.
verb
to
control
what
you
eat
,
especially
to
lose
weight
or
for
health
reasons
•
Emma
diets
every
spring
to
fit
into
her
favorite
dress
.
Emma
diets
every
spring
to
fit
into
her
favorite
dress
.
•
After
the
holidays
,
many
people
promise
to
diet
and
exercise
.
After
the
holidays
,
many
people
promise
to
diet
and
exercise
.
adjective
containing
fewer
calories
,
sugar
,
or
fat
than
the
usual
version
of
a
food
or
drink
•
He
ordered
a
diet
soda
with
his
burger
.
He
ordered
a
diet
soda
with
his
burger
.
•
The
supermarket
sells
a
wide
range
of
diet
foods
.
The
supermarket
sells
a
wide
range
of
diet
foods
.
Diet
noun
a
national
or
regional
legislative
assembly
in
certain
countries
,
especially
Japan
•
Japan's
National
Diet
meets
to
discuss
new
policies
.
Japan's
National
Diet
meets
to
discuss
new
policies
.
•
Historically
,
the
German
Empire
had
a
Diet
called
the
Reichstag
.
Historically
,
the
German
Empire
had
a
Diet
called
the
Reichstag
.
From
Medieval
Latin
‘
dietas
’,
meaning
‘
assembly
held
daily
’,
later
applied
to
formal
legislative
gatherings
.
marketing
noun
-
marketing
the
activity
,
business
,
or
study
of
promoting
and
selling
goods
or
services
,
including
market
research
and
advertising
•
Good
marketing
helped
the
small
bakery
attract
many
new
customers
.
Good
marketing
helped
the
small
bakery
attract
many
new
customers
.
•
She
studied
marketing
at
university
to
learn
how
to
promote
products
online
.
She
studied
marketing
at
university
to
learn
how
to
promote
products
online
.
Derived
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
verb
“
market
”
+
“
-ing
,”
meaning
the
process
of
taking
goods
to
market
and
later
the
broader
activity
of
promoting
and
selling
.
verb
present
participle
of
market
:
actively
promoting
or
selling
a
product
or
service
•
The
startup
is
marketing
its
new
app
directly
to
teenagers
on
social
media
.
The
startup
is
marketing
its
new
app
directly
to
teenagers
on
social
media
.
•
He
spends
every
weekend
marketing
fresh
vegetables
at
the
local
farmers'
market
.
He
spends
every
weekend
marketing
fresh
vegetables
at
the
local
farmers'
market
.
Formed
from
the
verb
“
market
”
+
present
participle
suffix
“
-ing
.”
sheet
noun
a
large
rectangular
piece
of
cloth
that
covers
a
mattress
or
that
you
lie
under
in
bed
•
Maria
tucked
the
clean
sheet
tightly
under
the
mattress
.
Maria
tucked
the
clean
sheet
tightly
under
the
mattress
.
•
I
changed
the
sheet
after
our
guest
left
.
I
changed
the
sheet
after
our
guest
left
.
Middle
English
"
shete
",
from
Old
English
"
scēata
"
meaning
a
cloth
or
covering
.
noun
a
thin
flat
piece
of
material
such
as
paper
,
metal
,
or
glass
•
Write
your
answers
on
a
single
sheet
of
paper
.
Write
your
answers
on
a
single
sheet
of
paper
.
•
The
builder
measured
a
sheet
of
plywood
before
cutting
.
The
builder
measured
a
sheet
of
plywood
before
cutting
.
Sense
expanded
from
cloth
to
other
flat
materials
in
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
wide
thin
layer
of
something
that
spreads
over
a
surface
,
such
as
ice
,
water
,
or
flame
•
A
thin
sheet
of
ice
covered
the
pond
.
A
thin
sheet
of
ice
covered
the
pond
.
•
Lightning
lit
up
a
sheet
of
rain
falling
over
the
city
.
Lightning
lit
up
a
sheet
of
rain
falling
over
the
city
.
Metaphoric
extension
from
flat
cloth
to
flat
natural
layers
appeared
in
the
17th
century
.
verb
to
cover
something
with
a
sheet
of
material
•
Workers
sheeted
the
roof
with
corrugated
metal
.
Workers
sheeted
the
roof
with
corrugated
metal
.
•
Before
painting
,
she
sheets
the
floor
with
plastic
.
Before
painting
,
she
sheets
the
floor
with
plastic
.
Verbal
use
recorded
since
the
18th
century
,
derived
from
the
noun
sense
of
placing
sheets
over
something
.
noun
(
nautical
)
a
rope
or
line
used
to
control
the
angle
of
a
sail
to
the
wind
•
The
helmsman
eased
the
mainsail
sheet
to
slow
the
boat
.
The
helmsman
eased
the
mainsail
sheet
to
slow
the
boat
.
•
Keep
the
jib
sheet
tight
while
we
tack
!
Keep
the
jib
sheet
tight
while
we
tack
!
From
Middle
Dutch
“
scheet
”
meaning
‘
rope
attached
to
a
sail
’;
adopted
into
English
nautical
vocabulary
in
the
15th
century
.
verb
to
move
,
fall
,
or
spread
in
a
wide
continuous
layer
•
Rain
sheeted
down
the
mountainside
.
Rain
sheeted
down
the
mountainside
.
•
Steam
sheets
across
the
kitchen
when
the
lid
is
lifted
.
Steam
sheets
across
the
kitchen
when
the
lid
is
lifted
.
Figurative
intransitive
sense
arose
in
the
19th
century
,
influenced
by
imagery
of
water
spreading
like
cloth
.
stretch
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
make
something
longer
,
wider
,
or
looser
by
pulling
it
gently
;
or
to
become
longer
or
wider
in
this
way
•
The
tailor
can
stretch
the
sleeve
so
it
reaches
your
wrist
properly
.
The
tailor
can
stretch
the
sleeve
so
it
reaches
your
wrist
properly
.
•
Every
morning
,
I
stretch
my
arms
high
above
my
head
before
getting
out
of
bed
.
Every
morning
,
I
stretch
my
arms
high
above
my
head
before
getting
out
of
bed
.
Old
English
streccan
,
of
Germanic
origin
,
related
to
Dutch
strekken
and
German
strecken
,
meaning
‘
to
make
straight
’.
noun
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
an
act
of
straightening
or
lengthening
muscles
,
a
continuous
area
,
or
a
period
of
time
•
She
did
a
quick
stretch
before
her
jog
.
She
did
a
quick
stretch
before
her
jog
.
•
We
walked
along
a
beautiful
stretch
of
beach
.
We
walked
along
a
beautiful
stretch
of
beach
.
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
continue
over
a
distance
,
area
,
or
period
of
time
•
The
desert
stretches
for
miles
with
no
sign
of
water
.
The
desert
stretches
for
miles
with
no
sign
of
water
.
•
A
long
bridge
stretches
across
the
wide
river
.
A
long
bridge
stretches
across
the
wide
river
.
verb
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
to
make
someone
or
something
use
all
their
strength
,
skill
,
or
resources
;
to
test
limits
•
The
difficult
riddle
stretched
my
mind
.
The
difficult
riddle
stretched
my
mind
.
•
Rising
food
prices
stretch
the
family's
budget
to
its
limit
.
Rising
food
prices
stretch
the
family's
budget
to
its
limit
.
adjective
-
stretch
,
stretches
,
stretching
,
stretched
(
of
cloth
or
clothing
)
containing
elastic
threads
so
it
can
expand
when
pulled
•
He
bought
a
pair
of
stretch
jeans
for
extra
comfort
.
He
bought
a
pair
of
stretch
jeans
for
extra
comfort
.
•
She
prefers
stretch
skirts
when
flying
long
distances
.
She
prefers
stretch
skirts
when
flying
long
distances
.
well
adverb
-
well
,
better
,
best
in
a
good
,
successful
,
or
satisfactory
way
•
Ella
plays
the
piano
very
well
for
her
age
.
Ella
plays
the
piano
very
well
for
her
age
.
•
If
you
plan
the
trip
well
,
everything
should
go
smoothly
.
If
you
plan
the
trip
well
,
everything
should
go
smoothly
.
Old
English
‘
wel
’,
from
Proto-Germanic
*wel-
‘
according
to
one
’
s
wish
’.
adjective
-
well
,
better
,
best
in
good
health
or
free
from
illness
•
After
a
week
of
rest
,
Grandma
felt
well
enough
to
go
for
a
walk
.
After
a
week
of
rest
,
Grandma
felt
well
enough
to
go
for
a
walk
.
•
Are
you
well
?
You
look
a
bit
pale
.
Are
you
well
?
You
look
a
bit
pale
.
Extension
of
the
adverb
sense
to
describe
a
person
’
s
state
of
health
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
adverb
-
well
,
better
,
best
to
a
large
degree
or
distance
;
far
;
considerably
•
The
mountain
peak
is
well
over
4
,
000
meters
high
.
The
mountain
peak
is
well
over
4
,
000
meters
high
.
•
We
arrived
well
before
the
movie
started
.
We
arrived
well
before
the
movie
started
.
Developed
as
an
emphatic
use
of
the
basic
adverb
meaning
in
Early
Modern
English
.
detective
noun
a
police
officer
whose
job
is
to
find
out
who
committed
crimes
by
gathering
information
and
evidence
•
The
detective
examined
the
crime
scene
for
clues
.
The
detective
examined
the
crime
scene
for
clues
.
•
After
hours
of
questioning
,
the
seasoned
detective
found
the
missing
link
in
the
case
.
After
hours
of
questioning
,
the
seasoned
detective
found
the
missing
link
in
the
case
.
From
Latin
dētectus
,
past
participle
of
dētegere
“
to
uncover
”,
later
used
in
the
phrase
detective
police
in
the
1840s
.
noun
a
person
who
investigates
cases
for
private
clients
rather
than
for
the
police
•
They
hired
a
detective
to
find
their
stolen
jewelry
.
They
hired
a
detective
to
find
their
stolen
jewelry
.
•
The
detective
followed
the
target
through
the
busy
market
.
The
detective
followed
the
target
through
the
busy
market
.
Sense
extended
from
police
detective
to
freelance
private
investigators
in
late
19th
century
American
English
.
adjective
connected
with
solving
crimes
or
mysteries
,
or
describing
stories
about
such
investigations
•
She
enjoys
reading
detective
novels
on
rainy
evenings
.
She
enjoys
reading
detective
novels
on
rainy
evenings
.
•
The
festival
is
screening
classic
detective
films
.
The
festival
is
screening
classic
detective
films
.
Attributive
use
of
the
noun
appearing
by
the
late
19th
century
to
describe
fiction
and
films
about
detectives
.
compete
verb
-
compete
,
competing
,
competes
,
competed
to
take
part
in
a
race
,
game
,
or
other
contest
and
try
to
win
against
others
•
Athletes
from
all
over
the
world
will
compete
in
the
Olympic
Games
next
summer
.
Athletes
from
all
over
the
world
will
compete
in
the
Olympic
Games
next
summer
.
•
Ten
basketball
teams
competed
fiercely
for
the
championship
trophy
last
night
.
Ten
basketball
teams
competed
fiercely
for
the
championship
trophy
last
night
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
“
competere
”
meaning
“
strive
together
”,
from
com-
“
together
”
+
petere
“
seek
”.
verb
-
compete
,
competing
,
competes
,
competed
to
be
as
good
as
or
able
to
match
someone
or
something
else
•
This
budget
smartphone
can
compete
with
much
pricier
models
in
speed
and
storage
.
This
budget
smartphone
can
compete
with
much
pricier
models
in
speed
and
storage
.
•
No
bakery
in
town
can
compete
with
Rosa
’
s
when
it
comes
to
chocolate
cake
.
No
bakery
in
town
can
compete
with
Rosa
’
s
when
it
comes
to
chocolate
cake
.
Same
origin
as
primary
sense
;
Latin
“
competere
”
also
carried
the
idea
of
suitability
or
being
on
equal
footing
,
which
evolved
into
the
modern
meaning
of
matching
in
quality
.
interpretation
noun
a
particular
explanation
or
opinion
about
what
something
means
•
One
interpretation
of
the
ending
is
that
the
hero
actually
survived
.
One
interpretation
of
the
ending
is
that
the
hero
actually
survived
.
•
Her
bold
interpretation
of
the
law
impressed
the
jury
.
Her
bold
interpretation
of
the
law
impressed
the
jury
.
noun
the
act
or
process
of
working
out
and
explaining
what
words
,
actions
,
numbers
,
or
other
information
really
mean
•
Accurate
interpretation
of
the
data
revealed
a
new
trend
in
the
market
.
Accurate
interpretation
of
the
data
revealed
a
new
trend
in
the
market
.
•
During
the
lecture
,
the
professor
stressed
careful
interpretation
of
ancient
texts
.
During
the
lecture
,
the
professor
stressed
careful
interpretation
of
ancient
texts
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
interpretatio
‘
explanation
’,
from
interpretari
‘
explain
,
translate
’.
noun
the
way
someone
performs
a
piece
of
music
,
a
role
,
or
other
artistic
work
,
showing
their
personal
understanding
of
it
•
The
pianist
’
s
gentle
interpretation
of
the
sonata
moved
the
audience
to
tears
.
The
pianist
’
s
gentle
interpretation
of
the
sonata
moved
the
audience
to
tears
.
•
Critics
praised
the
actor
’
s
fresh
interpretation
of
Hamlet
.
Critics
praised
the
actor
’
s
fresh
interpretation
of
Hamlet
.
noun
the
activity
of
translating
spoken
words
from
one
language
into
another
immediately
•
Simultaneous
interpretation
allowed
the
delegates
to
follow
the
debate
in
real
time
.
Simultaneous
interpretation
allowed
the
delegates
to
follow
the
debate
in
real
time
.
•
She
studied
hard
to
pass
the
UN
interpretation
exam
.
She
studied
hard
to
pass
the
UN
interpretation
exam
.
veteran
noun
a
person
who
has
served
in
a
country
’
s
armed
forces
,
especially
someone
who
fought
in
a
war
•
During
the
town
parade
,
a
proud
veteran
saluted
the
flag
as
it
passed
by
.
During
the
town
parade
,
a
proud
veteran
saluted
the
flag
as
it
passed
by
.
•
The
clinic
provides
free
medical
check-ups
for
every
war
veteran
in
the
county
.
The
clinic
provides
free
medical
check-ups
for
every
war
veteran
in
the
county
.
from
Latin
‘
veteranus
’
meaning
‘
old
,
experienced
’,
originally
describing
old
soldiers
in
the
Roman
army
adjective
relating
to
people
who
have
served
in
the
armed
forces
•
The
city
opened
a
new
veteran
hospital
near
the
downtown
area
.
The
city
opened
a
new
veteran
hospital
near
the
downtown
area
.
•
She
applied
for
a
scholarship
reserved
for
children
of
veteran
families
.
She
applied
for
a
scholarship
reserved
for
children
of
veteran
families
.
extension
of
the
military
noun
sense
to
describe
services
,
institutions
,
or
rights
for
former
soldiers
,
first
recorded
in
early
20th
century
U
.
S
.
usage
noun
someone
who
has
a
lot
of
experience
in
a
particular
job
,
activity
,
or
field
•
The
company
hired
a
marketing
veteran
to
lead
its
new
campaign
.
The
company
hired
a
marketing
veteran
to
lead
its
new
campaign
.
•
As
a
journalism
veteran
,
he
always
double-checks
his
sources
before
publishing
.
As
a
journalism
veteran
,
he
always
double-checks
his
sources
before
publishing
.
same
Latin
root
‘
veteranus
’;
later
broadened
in
English
to
mean
anyone
long
experienced
in
an
area
adjective
having
a
lot
of
experience
in
a
particular
activity
or
job
•
A
veteran
reporter
covered
the
complex
court
case
with
confidence
.
A
veteran
reporter
covered
the
complex
court
case
with
confidence
.
•
The
chef
relied
on
his
veteran
assistants
to
keep
the
kitchen
running
smoothly
.
The
chef
relied
on
his
veteran
assistants
to
keep
the
kitchen
running
smoothly
.
adjectival
use
evolved
from
the
noun
sense
in
15th-century
English
pretend
verb
to
act
or
behave
as
if
something
is
true
when
it
is
not
,
often
to
deceive
or
for
fun
•
Maria
closed
her
eyes
and
pretended
she
was
on
a
sunny
beach
while
waiting
at
the
bus
stop
.
Maria
closed
her
eyes
and
pretended
she
was
on
a
sunny
beach
while
waiting
at
the
bus
stop
.
•
The
little
boy
put
a
towel
around
his
neck
and
pretended
to
be
a
superhero
.
The
little
boy
put
a
towel
around
his
neck
and
pretended
to
be
a
superhero
.
noun
imaginative
play
in
which
people
,
especially
children
,
act
out
situations
that
are
not
real
•
The
children
spent
the
afternoon
in
pretend
,
turning
cardboard
boxes
into
rocket
ships
.
The
children
spent
the
afternoon
in
pretend
,
turning
cardboard
boxes
into
rocket
ships
.
•
A
good
dose
of
pretend
helps
kids
develop
creativity
.
A
good
dose
of
pretend
helps
kids
develop
creativity
.
adjective
not
real
;
made
or
used
only
for
play
or
as
a
substitute
•
She
poured
water
into
a
pretend
teacup
for
her
doll
.
She
poured
water
into
a
pretend
teacup
for
her
doll
.
•
The
actor
used
a
pretend
sword
made
of
foam
during
rehearsal
.
The
actor
used
a
pretend
sword
made
of
foam
during
rehearsal
.
vegetable
noun
a
plant
or
part
of
a
plant
,
such
as
carrots
or
lettuce
,
that
people
cook
or
eat
raw
as
food
•
Mom
sliced
a
fresh
vegetable
salad
for
lunch
.
Mom
sliced
a
fresh
vegetable
salad
for
lunch
.
•
Rabbits
love
munching
on
every
vegetable
in
the
garden
.
Rabbits
love
munching
on
every
vegetable
in
the
garden
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Old
French
,
originally
meaning
‘
growing
,
flourishing
’
and
later
‘
plant
’;
from
Latin
vegetabilis
‘
grow
,
sprout
’,
from
vegetare
‘
animate
’.
noun
an
offensive
term
for
a
person
who
cannot
move
,
speak
,
or
think
normally
because
of
severe
brain
damage
•
Using
the
word
vegetable
to
describe
a
patient
is
hurtful
and
disrespectful
.
Using
the
word
vegetable
to
describe
a
patient
is
hurtful
and
disrespectful
.
•
The
doctor
explained
that
the
term
vegetable
is
not
used
in
professional
medicine
.
The
doctor
explained
that
the
term
vegetable
is
not
used
in
professional
medicine
.
Transferred
from
the
basic
sense
of
‘
non-moving
,
plant-like
’
to
describe
people
in
the
20th
century
,
especially
after
advances
in
life-support
technology
highlighted
long-term
comas
.
cigarette
noun
a
thin
roll
of
dried
tobacco
wrapped
in
paper
that
people
burn
and
smoke
•
He
stepped
outside
the
restaurant
to
light
a
cigarette
.
He
stepped
outside
the
restaurant
to
light
a
cigarette
.
•
The
floor
after
the
house
party
was
littered
with
empty
cigarettes
and
crushed
cans
.
The
floor
after
the
house
party
was
littered
with
empty
cigarettes
and
crushed
cans
.
From
French
"
cigarette
",
diminutive
of
"
cigare
" (
cigar
)
in
the
mid-19th
century
,
reflecting
the
smaller
size
compared
with
a
cigar
.
retirement
noun
the
act
of
permanently
stopping
work
,
usually
because
you
have
reached
a
certain
age
•
After
forty
years
at
the
factory
,
Maria
celebrated
her
retirement
with
a
big
party
.
After
forty
years
at
the
factory
,
Maria
celebrated
her
retirement
with
a
big
party
.
•
Teachers
in
the
country
can
choose
early
retirement
after
thirty
years
of
service
.
Teachers
in
the
country
can
choose
early
retirement
after
thirty
years
of
service
.
from
retire
+-ment
,
first
recorded
in
the
1600s
meaning
“
withdrawal
,”
later
applied
to
leaving
employment
noun
the
period
of
life
after
you
have
stopped
working
•
During
his
retirement
,
James
travels
the
world
with
his
wife
.
During
his
retirement
,
James
travels
the
world
with
his
wife
.
•
Many
people
move
to
coastal
towns
in
retirement
for
the
mild
weather
.
Many
people
move
to
coastal
towns
in
retirement
for
the
mild
weather
.
noun
the
act
of
removing
something
from
service
or
use
•
The
airline
announced
the
retirement
of
its
last
jumbo
jet
.
The
airline
announced
the
retirement
of
its
last
jumbo
jet
.
•
Engineers
planned
the
retirement
of
the
old
bridge
once
the
new
one
opened
.
Engineers
planned
the
retirement
of
the
old
bridge
once
the
new
one
opened
.
noun
the
act
of
paying
off
or
cancelling
a
debt
,
bond
,
or
other
financial
obligation
•
Early
retirement
of
the
loan
saved
the
company
thousands
in
interest
.
Early
retirement
of
the
loan
saved
the
company
thousands
in
interest
.
•
The
government
announced
the
retirement
of
several
high-interest
bonds
.
The
government
announced
the
retirement
of
several
high-interest
bonds
.
retire
verb
-
retire
,
retiring
,
retires
,
retired
to
stop
working
permanently
,
usually
because
of
age
or
after
a
long
period
of
service
•
After
forty
years
at
the
factory
,
Mr
.
Lopez
decided
to
retire
and
spend
more
time
with
his
grandchildren
.
After
forty
years
at
the
factory
,
Mr
.
Lopez
decided
to
retire
and
spend
more
time
with
his
grandchildren
.
•
Many
people
dream
of
retiring
early
and
traveling
the
world
.
Many
people
dream
of
retiring
early
and
traveling
the
world
.
verb
-
retire
,
retiring
,
retires
,
retired
(
old-fashioned
)
to
go
to
bed
or
leave
a
social
setting
for
the
night
•
Feeling
exhausted
,
the
prince
politely
excused
himself
to
retire
for
the
night
.
Feeling
exhausted
,
the
prince
politely
excused
himself
to
retire
for
the
night
.
•
At
ten
o
’
clock
,
Grandma
retired
to
her
room
with
a
cup
of
tea
.
At
ten
o
’
clock
,
Grandma
retired
to
her
room
with
a
cup
of
tea
.
verb
-
retire
,
retiring
,
retires
,
retired
to
remove
something
from
active
use
or
service
,
or
to
pay
off
a
debt
completely
•
The
company
decided
to
retire
its
old
logo
and
launch
a
fresh
design
.
The
company
decided
to
retire
its
old
logo
and
launch
a
fresh
design
.
•
They
managed
to
retire
their
mortgage
ten
years
early
.
They
managed
to
retire
their
mortgage
ten
years
early
.
verb
-
retire
,
retiring
,
retires
,
retired
(
sports
)
to
dismiss
a
batter
,
player
,
or
side
so
they
are
out
of
play
•
The
pitcher
retired
the
side
in
order
in
the
ninth
inning
.
The
pitcher
retired
the
side
in
order
in
the
ninth
inning
.
•
With
a
quick
throw
to
first
,
she
retired
the
runner
.
With
a
quick
throw
to
first
,
she
retired
the
runner
.
jacket
noun
a
short
coat
that
fits
the
upper
part
of
the
body
and
is
usually
fastened
at
the
front
•
He
hung
his
jacket
on
the
back
of
the
chair
.
He
hung
his
jacket
on
the
back
of
the
chair
.
•
The
little
girl
zipped
up
her
red
jacket
before
going
outside
.
The
little
girl
zipped
up
her
red
jacket
before
going
outside
.
noun
a
protective
outer
covering
or
layer
placed
around
something
such
as
a
book
,
wire
,
potato
,
or
piece
of
equipment
•
The
book's
colorful
dust
jacket
caught
my
eye
.
The
book's
colorful
dust
jacket
caught
my
eye
.
•
The
cable's
plastic
jacket
protects
the
wires
inside
.
The
cable's
plastic
jacket
protects
the
wires
inside
.
verb
-
jacket
,
jacketing
,
jackets
,
jacketed
to
cover
or
wrap
something
with
a
protective
layer
•
Workers
jacketed
the
pipes
with
insulation
before
winter
.
Workers
jacketed
the
pipes
with
insulation
before
winter
.
•
She
carefully
jacketed
the
book
in
a
clear
cover
to
keep
it
clean
.
She
carefully
jacketed
the
book
in
a
clear
cover
to
keep
it
clean
.
settlement
noun
a
small
community
or
village
where
people
live
,
especially
one
that
is
newly
created
in
a
remote
area
•
The
gold
miners
built
a
settlement
near
the
river
during
the
rush
.
The
gold
miners
built
a
settlement
near
the
river
during
the
rush
.
•
After
trekking
for
days
through
the
desert
,
the
explorers
finally
spotted
a
distant
settlement
of
mud-brick
houses
.
After
trekking
for
days
through
the
desert
,
the
explorers
finally
spotted
a
distant
settlement
of
mud-brick
houses
.
From
Middle
English
setelment
,
from
settle
+
-ment
,
originally
meaning
the
act
of
settling
and
later
the
place
where
people
settle
.
noun
an
official
agreement
that
ends
a
dispute
or
lawsuit
,
often
involving
payment
of
money
•
The
two
companies
reached
a
settlement
instead
of
going
to
court
.
The
two
companies
reached
a
settlement
instead
of
going
to
court
.
•
Under
the
divorce
settlement
,
Maria
kept
the
house
and
shared
custody
of
the
children
.
Under
the
divorce
settlement
,
Maria
kept
the
house
and
shared
custody
of
the
children
.
Sense
developed
in
the
17th
century
from
the
broader
idea
of
‘
setting
matters
to
rest
’.
noun
the
act
or
process
of
people
moving
to
and
establishing
homes
in
a
new
area
•
The
settlement
of
the
island
began
in
the
18th
century
.
The
settlement
of
the
island
began
in
the
18th
century
.
•
Early
settlement
of
the
American
West
transformed
the
landscape
.
Early
settlement
of
the
American
West
transformed
the
landscape
.
Originally
referred
to
the
action
of
‘
settling
’
in
a
place
;
recorded
in
English
from
the
late
Middle
Ages
.
noun
the
slow
sinking
or
downward
movement
of
the
ground
or
a
structure
over
time
•
Cracks
in
the
walls
showed
that
the
house
had
suffered
settlement
over
the
years
.
Cracks
in
the
walls
showed
that
the
house
had
suffered
settlement
over
the
years
.
•
Engineers
monitor
the
settlement
of
the
bridge
’
s
foundations
with
precision
sensors
.
Engineers
monitor
the
settlement
of
the
bridge
’
s
foundations
with
precision
sensors
.
Engineering
use
developed
in
the
19th
century
from
the
idea
of
a
structure
‘
coming
to
rest
’.
anxiety
noun
-
anxiety
,
anxieties
a
feeling
of
worry
,
nervousness
,
or
unease
,
usually
about
something
uncertain
or
potentially
negative
•
She
felt
a
wave
of
anxiety
before
giving
her
speech
.
She
felt
a
wave
of
anxiety
before
giving
her
speech
.
•
A
little
anxiety
can
keep
a
driver
focused
during
a
long
night
journey
.
A
little
anxiety
can
keep
a
driver
focused
during
a
long
night
journey
.
Late
Middle
English
:
via
Old
French
from
Latin
anxietas
,
from
anxius
‘
uneasy
’.
noun
-
anxiety
,
anxieties
a
mental
health
condition
marked
by
excessive
and
persistent
worry
that
interferes
with
daily
life
•
After
months
of
constant
worry
,
her
doctor
diagnosed
her
with
anxiety
.
After
months
of
constant
worry
,
her
doctor
diagnosed
her
with
anxiety
.
•
Weekly
therapy
sessions
helped
Mark
manage
his
anxiety
without
medication
.
Weekly
therapy
sessions
helped
Mark
manage
his
anxiety
without
medication
.
Same
origin
as
the
general
sense
;
first
used
in
a
clinical
context
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
-
anxiety
,
anxieties
one
of
several
specific
worries
or
problems
that
make
a
person
feel
nervous
or
uneasy
•
The
financial
anxieties
of
the
recession
kept
families
up
at
night
.
The
financial
anxieties
of
the
recession
kept
families
up
at
night
.
•
College
students
often
share
their
anxieties
about
exams
and
jobs
.
College
students
often
share
their
anxieties
about
exams
and
jobs
.
Extension
of
the
general
sense
to
individual
,
countable
worries
,
first
attested
in
the
18th
century
.
competitive
adjective
wanting
very
much
to
win
or
to
be
more
successful
than
other
people
•
Even
in
a
friendly
board-game
night
,
Jake
becomes
extremely
competitive
and
hates
to
lose
.
Even
in
a
friendly
board-game
night
,
Jake
becomes
extremely
competitive
and
hates
to
lose
.
•
The
twin
sisters
are
so
competitive
that
they
race
to
finish
their
homework
first
.
The
twin
sisters
are
so
competitive
that
they
race
to
finish
their
homework
first
.
adjective
as
good
as
or
better
than
similar
products
,
services
,
or
prices
offered
by
others
•
The
supermarket
keeps
its
goods
at
competitive
prices
to
attract
shoppers
.
The
supermarket
keeps
its
goods
at
competitive
prices
to
attract
shoppers
.
•
We
need
a
more
competitive
offer
if
we
want
to
win
the
construction
contract
.
We
need
a
more
competitive
offer
if
we
want
to
win
the
construction
contract
.
adjective
involving
competition
or
requiring
people
to
compete
•
She
trains
four
hours
a
day
for
competitive
swimming
.
She
trains
four
hours
a
day
for
competitive
swimming
.
•
The
entrance
exam
for
that
university
is
extremely
competitive
.
The
entrance
exam
for
that
university
is
extremely
competitive
.
detect
verb
to
discover
or
notice
that
something
exists
,
especially
something
that
is
hard
to
see
,
hear
,
or
measure
•
Special
sensors
can
detect
gas
leaks
before
they
become
dangerous
.
Special
sensors
can
detect
gas
leaks
before
they
become
dangerous
.
•
The
doctor
used
a
stethoscope
to
detect
an
irregular
heartbeat
.
The
doctor
used
a
stethoscope
to
detect
an
irregular
heartbeat
.
genetic
adjective
related
to
genes
and
how
physical
or
health
traits
are
passed
from
parents
to
their
children
•
Some
diseases
are
genetic
and
can
run
in
families
.
Some
diseases
are
genetic
and
can
run
in
families
.
•
Scientists
study
genetic
differences
to
understand
why
some
plants
grow
faster
.
Scientists
study
genetic
differences
to
understand
why
some
plants
grow
faster
.
From
gene
+
-etic
,
first
used
in
the
early
20th
century
after
the
discovery
of
Mendelian
inheritance
.
adjective
connected
with
the
origin
or
development
of
something
such
as
a
language
,
system
,
or
set
of
ideas
•
Linguists
found
a
genetic
link
between
the
two
ancient
languages
.
Linguists
found
a
genetic
link
between
the
two
ancient
languages
.
•
The
museum
traced
the
genetic
evolution
of
the
city's
design
style
.
The
museum
traced
the
genetic
evolution
of
the
city's
design
style
.
Broader
sense
"
pertaining
to
origin
"
dates
to
the
mid-17th
century
,
from
Greek
genesis
meaning
"
origin
".
wet
adjective
-
wet
,
wetter
,
wettest
covered
in
or
saturated
with
water
or
another
liquid
•
After
playing
in
the
rain
,
Mia
’
s
shoes
were
completely
wet
.
After
playing
in
the
rain
,
Mia
’
s
shoes
were
completely
wet
.
•
Please
put
the
wet
umbrella
in
the
stand
by
the
door
.
Please
put
the
wet
umbrella
in
the
stand
by
the
door
.
Old
English
“
wǣt
”
meaning
‘
moist
,
liquid
’,
related
to
German
“
nass
”
and
Dutch
“
nat
”.
adjective
-
wet
,
wetter
,
wettest
(
of
weather
or
a
period
of
time
)
having
a
lot
of
rain
•
It
has
been
a
very
wet
spring
this
year
.
It
has
been
a
very
wet
spring
this
year
.
•
Pack
a
raincoat
—
autumn
here
is
usually
wet
.
Pack
a
raincoat
—
autumn
here
is
usually
wet
.
verb
-
wet
,
wetting
,
wets
,
wetted
to
make
something
become
covered
in
water
or
another
liquid
•
She
accidentally
wet
the
letter
while
watering
the
flowers
.
She
accidentally
wet
the
letter
while
watering
the
flowers
.
•
The
nurse
wet
a
cloth
before
placing
it
on
the
child
’
s
forehead
.
The
nurse
wet
a
cloth
before
placing
it
on
the
child
’
s
forehead
.
lifetime
noun
the
whole
period
during
which
a
person
or
other
living
thing
is
alive
•
During
her
lifetime
,
she
traveled
to
over
fifty
countries
.
During
her
lifetime
,
she
traveled
to
over
fifty
countries
.
•
The
scientist
became
world-famous
only
after
his
lifetime
.
The
scientist
became
world-famous
only
after
his
lifetime
.
Formed
from
life
+
time
in
the
14th
century
to
mean
the
duration
of
a
person
’
s
life
.
noun
the
length
of
time
that
something
continues
to
work
,
remain
useful
,
or
exist
•
The
LED
bulb
has
a
lifetime
of
about
25
,
000
hours
.
The
LED
bulb
has
a
lifetime
of
about
25
,
000
hours
.
•
Regular
oil
changes
will
extend
the
lifetime
of
your
car
engine
.
Regular
oil
changes
will
extend
the
lifetime
of
your
car
engine
.
By
extension
from
the
human
sense
,
first
recorded
19th
century
in
technical
writing
.
adjective
lasting
for
or
intended
to
last
for
the
whole
of
someone
’
s
life
or
the
whole
existence
of
something
•
She
purchased
a
lifetime
membership
at
the
local
museum
.
She
purchased
a
lifetime
membership
at
the
local
museum
.
•
Winning
the
gold
medal
was
a
lifetime
achievement
for
him
.
Winning
the
gold
medal
was
a
lifetime
achievement
for
him
.
Adjectival
use
developed
in
the
early
20th
century
from
the
noun
form
,
used
attributively
before
another
noun
.
jet
noun
an
airplane
powered
by
one
or
more
jet
engines
•
The
businesswoman
boarded
a
jet
to
fly
to
New
York
.
The
businesswoman
boarded
a
jet
to
fly
to
New
York
.
•
From
the
beach
we
watched
a
military
jet
roar
across
the
sky
.
From
the
beach
we
watched
a
military
jet
roar
across
the
sky
.
noun
a
narrow
,
strong
stream
of
liquid
or
gas
that
comes
out
of
something
with
force
•
A
powerful
jet
of
water
shot
from
the
fire
hose
.
A
powerful
jet
of
water
shot
from
the
fire
hose
.
•
Steam
rose
in
a
thin
jet
from
the
kettle
spout
.
Steam
rose
in
a
thin
jet
from
the
kettle
spout
.
verb
-
jet
,
jetting
,
jets
,
jetted
to
travel
by
jet
airplane
•
They
jetted
to
Paris
for
a
weekend
getaway
.
They
jetted
to
Paris
for
a
weekend
getaway
.
•
She
jets
between
London
and
Tokyo
for
work
every
month
.
She
jets
between
London
and
Tokyo
for
work
every
month
.
adjective
completely
black
and
shiny
•
He
wore
a
suit
of
jet
velvet
to
the
gala
.
He
wore
a
suit
of
jet
velvet
to
the
gala
.
•
The
cat's
fur
was
jet
and
glossy
in
the
sunlight
.
The
cat's
fur
was
jet
and
glossy
in
the
sunlight
.
verb
-
jet
,
jetting
,
jets
,
jetted
to
shoot
out
suddenly
in
a
narrow
,
powerful
stream
•
Oil
jetted
out
of
the
broken
pipe
.
Oil
jetted
out
of
the
broken
pipe
.
•
Water
jets
from
the
fountain
in
the
town
square
.
Water
jets
from
the
fountain
in
the
town
square
.
noun
-
jet
a
hard
,
shiny
,
deep-black
stone
formed
from
ancient
wood
,
used
for
jewelry
and
ornaments
•
The
museum
displayed
a
necklace
made
of
polished
jet
.
The
museum
displayed
a
necklace
made
of
polished
jet
.
•
Ancient
Romans
carved
amulets
from
jet
for
protection
.
Ancient
Romans
carved
amulets
from
jet
for
protection
.
bullet
noun
a
small
metal
object
that
is
shot
from
a
gun
•
The
detective
found
a
bullet
lodged
in
the
wooden
door
.
The
detective
found
a
bullet
lodged
in
the
wooden
door
.
•
The
engineer
designed
a
vest
that
can
stop
a
bullet
.
The
engineer
designed
a
vest
that
can
stop
a
bullet
.
from
French
"
boulette
"
meaning
small
ball
,
diminutive
of
"
boule
" (
ball
)
noun
a
small
round
dot
(
•
)
used
to
mark
each
item
in
a
list
•
Please
put
a
bullet
before
every
task
on
the
list
.
Please
put
a
bullet
before
every
task
on
the
list
.
•
The
slide
looked
cleaner
once
she
replaced
numbers
with
a
simple
bullet
.
The
slide
looked
cleaner
once
she
replaced
numbers
with
a
simple
bullet
.
extension
of
the
projectile
sense
because
the
printed
symbol
resembles
a
small
round
pellet
interpret
verb
to
explain
the
meaning
of
something
so
that
others
can
understand
it
•
Can
you
interpret
this
graph
for
the
class
?
Can
you
interpret
this
graph
for
the
class
?
•
The
museum
guide
interpreted
the
hieroglyphs
for
the
tourists
.
The
museum
guide
interpreted
the
hieroglyphs
for
the
tourists
.
From
Latin
interpretari
“
explain
,
translate
,
understand
.”
verb
to
understand
something
in
a
particular
way
or
give
it
a
specific
meaning
•
Some
people
interpret
his
silence
as
agreement
.
Some
people
interpret
his
silence
as
agreement
.
•
I
interpreted
her
smile
as
a
sign
of
approval
.
I
interpreted
her
smile
as
a
sign
of
approval
.
Same
Latin
root
as
sense
1
,
emphasizing
the
mental
act
of
construction
.
verb
to
translate
spoken
words
from
one
language
to
another
as
they
are
being
said
•
Lena
will
interpret
for
the
Spanish
guests
during
the
conference
.
Lena
will
interpret
for
the
Spanish
guests
during
the
conference
.
•
The
court
appointed
an
expert
to
interpret
the
witness's
testimony
from
French
.
The
court
appointed
an
expert
to
interpret
the
witness's
testimony
from
French
.
Extension
of
the
idea
“
explain
”
to
the
field
of
language
mediation
.
verb
to
perform
a
piece
of
music
,
literature
,
or
art
in
a
way
that
shows
your
own
understanding
and
style
•
The
pianist
interprets
Chopin
with
delicate
emotion
.
The
pianist
interprets
Chopin
with
delicate
emotion
.
•
Last
night
the
actor
interpreted
Hamlet
in
a
modern
style
.
Last
night
the
actor
interpreted
Hamlet
in
a
modern
style
.
Sense
arose
in
19th-century
arts
criticism
,
linking
performance
with
personal
explanation
.
verb
to
run
and
execute
computer
code
by
reading
it
line
by
line
instead
of
compiling
it
first
•
The
browser
interprets
the
HTML
code
to
display
the
webpage
.
The
browser
interprets
the
HTML
code
to
display
the
webpage
.
•
This
script
is
interpreted
rather
than
compiled
.
This
script
is
interpreted
rather
than
compiled
.
Borrowed
into
computing
in
the
mid-20th
century
when
interpreters
were
developed
for
early
languages
.
rocket
noun
-
rocket
a
leafy
green
herb
with
a
peppery
taste
,
eaten
raw
in
salads
•
She
sprinkled
fresh
rocket
over
the
pizza
before
serving
.
She
sprinkled
fresh
rocket
over
the
pizza
before
serving
.
•
I
like
the
spicy
kick
that
rocket
adds
to
a
salad
.
I
like
the
spicy
kick
that
rocket
adds
to
a
salad
.
Middle
English
:
from
Old
French
‘
roquette
’,
from
Latin
‘
eruca
’
meaning
‘
arugula
’.
noun
a
long
,
narrow
vehicle
or
missile
that
burns
fuel
so
fast
it
shoots
high
into
the
sky
or
outer
space
•
The
huge
rocket
blasted
off
from
the
launch
pad
at
dawn
.
The
huge
rocket
blasted
off
from
the
launch
pad
at
dawn
.
•
Scientists
monitored
the
rocket
as
it
entered
orbit
around
Earth
.
Scientists
monitored
the
rocket
as
it
entered
orbit
around
Earth
.
early
17th
century
:
from
Italian
‘
rocchetto
’
meaning
‘
bobbin
’,
because
early
rockets
resembled
spools
of
thread
noun
a
firework
that
flies
high
before
exploding
with
light
and
sound
•
Children
cheered
as
the
colorful
rocket
burst
above
the
park
.
Children
cheered
as
the
colorful
rocket
burst
above
the
park
.
•
He
lit
the
fuse
and
stepped
back
to
watch
the
rocket
soar
.
He
lit
the
fuse
and
stepped
back
to
watch
the
rocket
soar
.
Derived
from
the
general
sense
of
rocket
as
something
that
shoots
upward
quickly
.
verb
to
move
or
increase
very
quickly
and
suddenly
•
Housing
prices
have
rocketed
in
the
past
year
.
Housing
prices
have
rocketed
in
the
past
year
.
•
The
car
rocketed
down
the
track
,
leaving
its
rivals
behind
.
The
car
rocketed
down
the
track
,
leaving
its
rivals
behind
.
figurative
use
from
the
noun
‘
rocket
’,
transferring
the
idea
of
swift
upward
movement
to
prices
,
speeds
,
etc
. (
early
20th
century
)
retain
verb
to
keep
something
so
that
it
continues
to
belong
to
you
or
stays
where
it
is
,
without
giving
it
away
or
losing
it
•
Even
after
downsizing
,
the
company
managed
to
retain
most
of
its
staff
.
Even
after
downsizing
,
the
company
managed
to
retain
most
of
its
staff
.
•
She
decided
to
retain
her
old
phone
as
a
backup
in
case
the
new
one
broke
.
She
decided
to
retain
her
old
phone
as
a
backup
in
case
the
new
one
broke
.
From
Latin
retinēre
“
to
hold
back
”,
from
re-
“
back
”
+
tenēre
“
to
hold
”.
verb
to
keep
something
in
a
particular
condition
,
stopping
it
from
escaping
,
disappearing
,
or
being
lost
•
Thick
curtains
help
a
house
retain
heat
during
the
winter
.
Thick
curtains
help
a
house
retain
heat
during
the
winter
.
•
Clay
pots
retain
moisture
longer
than
plastic
ones
.
Clay
pots
retain
moisture
longer
than
plastic
ones
.
verb
to
continue
to
have
information
or
memories
in
your
mind
•
I
find
it
hard
to
retain
vocabulary
without
daily
practice
.
I
find
it
hard
to
retain
vocabulary
without
daily
practice
.
•
Students
retain
more
facts
when
they
teach
them
to
others
.
Students
retain
more
facts
when
they
teach
them
to
others
.
verb
to
pay
and
keep
someone
,
especially
a
professional
like
a
lawyer
or
consultant
,
so
that
they
will
work
for
you
when
needed
•
The
company
decided
to
retain
a
lawyer
to
handle
the
lawsuit
.
The
company
decided
to
retain
a
lawyer
to
handle
the
lawsuit
.
•
They
retained
a
consultant
to
improve
their
marketing
strategy
.
They
retained
a
consultant
to
improve
their
marketing
strategy
.
pet
noun
an
animal
that
people
keep
mainly
for
companionship
or
pleasure
rather
than
for
work
or
food
•
Mia
feeds
her
pet
every
morning
before
school
.
Mia
feeds
her
pet
every
morning
before
school
.
•
The
hospital
allows
patients
to
meet
a
therapy
pet
once
a
week
.
The
hospital
allows
patients
to
meet
a
therapy
pet
once
a
week
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
petit
’
meaning
‘
small
,
little
favorite
’
verb
-
pet
,
petting
,
pets
,
petted
to
gently
stroke
or
touch
someone
or
an
animal
to
show
affection
•
The
little
girl
pet
the
sleepy
cat
curled
up
on
the
sofa
.
The
little
girl
pet
the
sleepy
cat
curled
up
on
the
sofa
.
•
Please
don't
pet
the
guide
dog
while
it's
working
.
Please
don't
pet
the
guide
dog
while
it's
working
.
Derived
from
the
noun
sense
of
‘
pet
’
meaning
a
cherished
animal
,
first
recorded
as
a
verb
in
the
early
17th
century
.
adjective
especially
liked
,
favored
,
or
chosen
above
others
•
Climate
change
is
the
professor's
pet
topic
.
Climate
change
is
the
professor's
pet
topic
.
•
The
CEO
talked
about
his
pet
project
during
the
meeting
.
The
CEO
talked
about
his
pet
project
during
the
meeting
.
Evolved
from
the
noun
‘
pet
’
meaning
a
favorite
,
first
used
as
an
adjective
in
the
mid-19th
century
.
noun
a
sudden
feeling
or
show
of
annoyance
or
bad
mood
,
often
expressed
by
sulking
•
Lucy
stormed
out
in
a
pet
after
losing
the
game
.
Lucy
stormed
out
in
a
pet
after
losing
the
game
.
•
He
was
in
such
a
pet
that
he
refused
to
speak
to
anyone
.
He
was
in
such
a
pet
that
he
refused
to
speak
to
anyone
.
Scottish
dialect
origin
in
the
early
17th
century
,
meaning
‘
fit
of
peevishness
’.
net
noun
a
piece
of
mesh
fixed
to
a
frame
or
stretched
across
part
of
a
sports
area
,
marking
goals
or
dividing
players
•
The
ball
hit
the
net
,
and
the
crowd
cheered
.
The
ball
hit
the
net
,
and
the
crowd
cheered
.
•
She
practiced
serving
until
every
shot
cleared
the
tennis
net
.
She
practiced
serving
until
every
shot
cleared
the
tennis
net
.
noun
a
piece
of
loosely
woven
material
with
many
small
holes
,
used
for
catching
fish
,
insects
,
or
for
holding
or
covering
things
•
The
fisherman
threw
his
net
into
the
river
at
dawn
.
The
fisherman
threw
his
net
into
the
river
at
dawn
.
•
We
hung
a
fine
net
over
the
fruit
bowl
to
keep
flies
away
.
We
hung
a
fine
net
over
the
fruit
bowl
to
keep
flies
away
.
noun
-
net
the
Internet
;
the
worldwide
computer
network
•
I
found
the
recipe
on
the
net
last
night
.
I
found
the
recipe
on
the
net
last
night
.
•
Teenagers
spend
hours
chatting
with
friends
on
the
net
.
Teenagers
spend
hours
chatting
with
friends
on
the
net
.
verb
-
net
,
netting
,
nets
,
netted
to
catch
something
or
someone
using
a
net
•
The
fisherman
netted
a
huge
salmon
.
The
fisherman
netted
a
huge
salmon
.
•
We
tried
to
net
butterflies
in
the
meadow
.
We
tried
to
net
butterflies
in
the
meadow
.
adjective
remaining
after
everything
that
should
be
taken
away
,
such
as
costs
,
taxes
,
or
unwanted
parts
,
has
been
subtracted
•
Her
net
income
is
lower
than
her
gross
pay
because
of
taxes
.
Her
net
income
is
lower
than
her
gross
pay
because
of
taxes
.
•
The
net
weight
of
the
cereal
is
printed
on
the
box
.
The
net
weight
of
the
cereal
is
printed
on
the
box
.
verb
-
net
,
netting
,
nets
,
netted
to
obtain
a
particular
amount
of
money
as
profit
•
The
concert
netted
over
a
million
dollars
for
charity
.
The
concert
netted
over
a
million
dollars
for
charity
.
•
She
hopes
to
net
a
small
profit
from
selling
her
art
.
She
hopes
to
net
a
small
profit
from
selling
her
art
.
quietly
adverb
in
a
way
that
makes
very
little
or
no
noise
•
The
baby
finally
fell
asleep
,
so
Maria
quietly
closed
the
bedroom
door
.
The
baby
finally
fell
asleep
,
so
Maria
quietly
closed
the
bedroom
door
.
•
Students
moved
quietly
through
the
library
so
they
wouldn't
disturb
anyone
.
Students
moved
quietly
through
the
library
so
they
wouldn't
disturb
anyone
.
adverb
without
attracting
attention
;
secretly
or
discreetly
•
The
reporter
quietly
recorded
the
meeting
to
check
facts
later
.
The
reporter
quietly
recorded
the
meeting
to
check
facts
later
.
•
She
quietly
donated
a
large
sum
to
the
hospital
,
asking
for
no
publicity
.
She
quietly
donated
a
large
sum
to
the
hospital
,
asking
for
no
publicity
.
adverb
in
a
calm
,
peaceful
,
or
gentle
way
•
He
sat
quietly
by
the
river
,
watching
the
water
flow
.
He
sat
quietly
by
the
river
,
watching
the
water
flow
.
•
After
the
argument
,
she
spoke
quietly
to
reassure
her
little
brother
.
After
the
argument
,
she
spoke
quietly
to
reassure
her
little
brother
.
upset
adjective
feeling
unhappy
,
worried
,
or
angry
•
After
losing
her
phone
,
Maria
looked
upset
all
evening
.
After
losing
her
phone
,
Maria
looked
upset
all
evening
.
•
The
small
boy
grew
upset
when
his
ice-cream
fell
on
the
sidewalk
.
The
small
boy
grew
upset
when
his
ice-cream
fell
on
the
sidewalk
.
From
the
verb
“
upset
”
meaning
“
to
overturn
or
disturb
”
that
later
broadened
to
emotional
disturbance
.
verb
-
upset
,
upsetting
,
upsets
to
make
someone
feel
unhappy
,
worried
,
or
angry
•
The
rude
comment
upset
her
so
much
that
she
left
the
room
.
The
rude
comment
upset
her
so
much
that
she
left
the
room
.
•
Please
don
’
t
upset
the
baby
by
turning
on
the
vacuum
cleaner
.
Please
don
’
t
upset
the
baby
by
turning
on
the
vacuum
cleaner
.
Old
sense
of
physically
“
overturning
”
extended
metaphorically
to
emotions
in
the
18th
century
.
verb
-
upset
,
upsetting
,
upsets
to
knock
something
over
so
it
spills
or
falls
•
I
accidentally
upset
the
cup
and
coffee
splashed
everywhere
.
I
accidentally
upset
the
cup
and
coffee
splashed
everywhere
.
•
A
strong
wind
upset
the
picnic
basket
,
scattering
sandwiches
over
the
grass
.
A
strong
wind
upset
the
picnic
basket
,
scattering
sandwiches
over
the
grass
.
Earliest
14th-century
sense
of
physically
turning
something
on
its
side
or
head
.
noun
a
state
of
worry
or
emotional
disturbance
,
or
a
problem
with
normal
functioning
(
especially
of
the
stomach
)
•
The
argument
caused
a
lot
of
family
upset
.
The
argument
caused
a
lot
of
family
upset
.
•
Spicy
food
often
gives
me
stomach
upset
.
Spicy
food
often
gives
me
stomach
upset
.
From
earlier
sense
of
“
disturbance
;
disorder
”
in
the
18th
century
,
applied
both
to
emotions
and
digestion
.
verb
-
upset
,
upsetting
,
upsets
to
defeat
someone
who
is
expected
to
win
•
The
underdogs
upset
the
defending
champions
in
a
2–1
victory
.
The
underdogs
upset
the
defending
champions
in
a
2–1
victory
.
•
Her
surprise
win
upset
the
tournament
’
s
top
seed
.
Her
surprise
win
upset
the
tournament
’
s
top
seed
.
Sports
writers
adopted
the
emotional
sense
to
describe
shocking
victories
in
the
early
20th
century
.
noun
an
unexpected
defeat
,
especially
in
sports
or
competitions
•
The
match
was
the
biggest
upset
of
the
season
.
The
match
was
the
biggest
upset
of
the
season
.
•
Fans
cheered
wildly
after
the
dramatic
upset
.
Fans
cheered
wildly
after
the
dramatic
upset
.
Evolved
from
the
verb
sense
in
early
20th-century
American
sports
journalism
.
adjective
not
upright
;
turned
over
or
overturned
•
The
canoe
drifted
down
the
river
,
completely
upset
.
The
canoe
drifted
down
the
river
,
completely
upset
.
•
We
found
the
trash
bin
upset
by
raccoons
during
the
night
.
We
found
the
trash
bin
upset
by
raccoons
during
the
night
.
Oldest
sense
(
14th
century
)
describing
objects
physically
turned
over
.
detailed
adjective
containing
many
small
facts
or
parts
so
that
something
is
explained
clearly
and
thoroughly
.
•
The
report
gave
a
detailed
breakdown
of
the
company
’
s
costs
.
The
report
gave
a
detailed
breakdown
of
the
company
’
s
costs
.
•
The
museum
guide
offered
a
detailed
explanation
of
the
painting
’
s
symbolism
.
The
museum
guide
offered
a
detailed
explanation
of
the
painting
’
s
symbolism
.
Adjective
use
from
the
verb
form
of
“
detail
,”
first
recorded
in
the
late
18th
century
.
verb
-
detail
,
detailing
,
details
,
detailed
past
tense
and
past
participle
of
detail
:
to
describe
or
list
something
thoroughly
and
specifically
.
•
The
journalist
detailed
the
events
of
the
accident
in
her
article
.
The
journalist
detailed
the
events
of
the
accident
in
her
article
.
•
The
teacher
detailed
the
homework
instructions
on
the
board
.
The
teacher
detailed
the
homework
instructions
on
the
board
.
From
French
“
détailler
”
meaning
“
cut
in
pieces
”
or
“
itemize
,”
entering
English
in
the
17th
century
.
poetry
noun
-
poetry
the
literary
art
of
arranging
words
for
their
sound
,
rhythm
,
and
meaning
to
create
poems
•
Maya
loves
reading
modern
poetry
before
bedtime
.
Maya
loves
reading
modern
poetry
before
bedtime
.
•
The
school
asked
the
students
to
write
a
piece
of
poetry
about
nature
.
The
school
asked
the
students
to
write
a
piece
of
poetry
about
nature
.
from
Middle
English
poetrie
,
from
Old
French
poetrie
,
from
Latin
poetria
,
ultimately
from
Ancient
Greek
poiētḗs
meaning
“
maker
,
poet
”
noun
-
poetry
something
that
is
exceptionally
beautiful
or
graceful
in
a
way
that
reminds
people
of
poems
•
The
way
the
dancer
moved
across
the
stage
was
pure
poetry
.
The
way
the
dancer
moved
across
the
stage
was
pure
poetry
.
•
He
thought
the
sunrise
over
the
mountains
was
poetry
in
motion
.
He
thought
the
sunrise
over
the
mountains
was
poetry
in
motion
.
poet
noun
a
person
who
writes
poems
,
especially
as
a
profession
or
serious
art
•
The
young
poet
recited
her
new
sonnet
at
the
open-mic
night
.
The
young
poet
recited
her
new
sonnet
at
the
open-mic
night
.
•
Many
students
were
inspired
after
reading
about
the
life
of
the
Chilean
poet
Pablo
Neruda
.
Many
students
were
inspired
after
reading
about
the
life
of
the
Chilean
poet
Pablo
Neruda
.
From
Middle
English
‘
poete
’,
from
Old
French
,
from
Latin
‘
poēta
’
meaning
‘
maker
,
author
’,
itself
from
Ancient
Greek
‘
poiētḗs
’.
noun
a
person
who
expresses
ideas
in
a
very
imaginative
or
beautiful
way
,
even
if
they
do
not
write
poems
•
The
chef
was
a
poet
in
the
kitchen
,
turning
simple
ingredients
into
works
of
art
.
The
chef
was
a
poet
in
the
kitchen
,
turning
simple
ingredients
into
works
of
art
.
•
My
grandfather
is
a
poet
when
he
talks
about
the
stars
on
a
summer
night
.
My
grandfather
is
a
poet
when
he
talks
about
the
stars
on
a
summer
night
.
cabinet
noun
a
piece
of
furniture
with
doors
and
shelves
or
drawers
used
for
storing
things
•
Maria
put
the
clean
plates
in
the
cabinet
above
the
sink
.
Maria
put
the
clean
plates
in
the
cabinet
above
the
sink
.
•
The
living-room
cabinet
holds
the
family's
photo
albums
and
board
games
.
The
living-room
cabinet
holds
the
family's
photo
albums
and
board
games
.
From
Middle
French
"
cabinet
"
meaning
a
small
room
or
chest
,
originally
from
Old
French
"
cabane
" (
cabin
).
noun
the
group
of
senior
government
ministers
who
advise
the
leader
and
make
important
decisions
•
The
prime
minister
reshuffled
the
cabinet
after
the
election
.
The
prime
minister
reshuffled
the
cabinet
after
the
election
.
•
Reporters
waited
to
hear
the
decisions
made
during
the
cabinet
meeting
.
Reporters
waited
to
hear
the
decisions
made
during
the
cabinet
meeting
.
Adopted
in
the
17th
century
for
the
private
council
that
met
in
the
monarch's
small
chamber
,
later
generalized
to
any
chief
executive's
group
of
advisers
.
meter
noun
the
basic
unit
of
length
in
the
metric
system
,
equal
to
100
centimeters
or
about
39
.
37
inches
•
The
table
is
two
meters
long
,
so
it
fits
perfectly
against
the
wall
.
The
table
is
two
meters
long
,
so
it
fits
perfectly
against
the
wall
.
•
He
can
run
100
meters
in
just
eleven
seconds
.
He
can
run
100
meters
in
just
eleven
seconds
.
Borrowed
from
French
mètre
,
from
Greek
metron
“
measure
”;
adopted
internationally
with
the
creation
of
the
metric
system
in
1790s
France
.
noun
a
device
that
measures
and
shows
the
amount
of
something
such
as
electricity
,
gas
,
water
,
or
time
•
The
electricity
meter
is
in
the
basement
,
next
to
the
fuse
box
.
The
electricity
meter
is
in
the
basement
,
next
to
the
fuse
box
.
•
Put
coins
in
the
parking
meter
before
you
leave
the
car
.
Put
coins
in
the
parking
meter
before
you
leave
the
car
.
Derived
from
the
sense
of
“
measure
”
and
applied
to
devices
in
the
late
19th
century
as
technology
advanced
.
noun
the
pattern
of
stressed
and
unstressed
syllables
that
gives
rhythm
to
a
poem
or
piece
of
music
•
Shakespeare
often
wrote
in
iambic
meter
.
Shakespeare
often
wrote
in
iambic
meter
.
•
The
drummer
kept
a
steady
meter
throughout
the
song
.
The
drummer
kept
a
steady
meter
throughout
the
song
.
From
Greek
metron
“
measure
”;
applied
to
poetry
in
classical
scholarship
.
verb
to
measure
,
record
,
or
control
the
amount
or
rate
of
something
with
a
meter
•
Gas
companies
meter
usage
to
calculate
your
bill
every
month
.
Gas
companies
meter
usage
to
calculate
your
bill
every
month
.
•
The
smart
device
meters
each
cup
of
water
the
plant
receives
.
The
smart
device
meters
each
cup
of
water
the
plant
receives
.
Verb
use
developed
from
the
noun
in
the
early
20th
century
,
meaning
“
to
supply
in
measured
amounts
.”
closet
noun
a
small
room
or
built-in
cupboard
in
a
house
where
clothes
,
shoes
,
and
other
personal
things
are
stored
•
She
hung
her
winter
coat
in
the
closet
near
the
front
door
.
She
hung
her
winter
coat
in
the
closet
near
the
front
door
.
•
The
apartment
’
s
tiny
bedroom
feels
bigger
now
that
we
have
a
walk-in
closet
.
The
apartment
’
s
tiny
bedroom
feels
bigger
now
that
we
have
a
walk-in
closet
.
From
Middle
English
closette
,
a
diminutive
of
Anglo-French
clos
enclosure
,
ultimately
from
Latin
clausus
“
closed
”.
noun
-
closet
the
state
of
keeping
one
’
s
sexual
orientation
,
gender
identity
,
or
other
deeply
personal
truth
secret
from
the
public
•
After
years
of
hiding
,
he
finally
came out of the closet
and
told
his
family
the
truth
.
After
years
of
hiding
,
he
finally
came out of the closet
and
told
his
family
the
truth
.
•
Many
actors
fear
that
living
openly
could
hurt
their
careers
,
so
they
stay
in
the
closet
.
Many
actors
fear
that
living
openly
could
hurt
their
careers
,
so
they
stay
in
the
closet
.
Metaphoric
extension
of
the
literal
sense
of
a
private
enclosed
space
,
first
recorded
in
the
1960s
in
American
English
.
adjective
kept
secret
or
hidden
from
public
view
;
not
openly
acknowledged
•
He
was
a
closet
fan
of
romantic
novels
and
read
them
late
at
night
.
He
was
a
closet
fan
of
romantic
novels
and
read
them
late
at
night
.
•
She
is
a
closet
smoker
and
only
lights
up
when
no
one
is
around
.
She
is
a
closet
smoker
and
only
lights
up
when
no
one
is
around
.
Adjective
use
recorded
from
the
late
19th
century
,
based
on
the
idea
of
something
kept
"
in
the
closet
"
and
unseen
by
outsiders
.
verb
to
shut
someone
,
or
oneself
,
in
a
private
room
in
order
to
talk
,
think
,
or
work
without
being
disturbed
•
After
the
meeting
,
the
director
closeted
herself
with
the
writers
to
discuss
changes
.
After
the
meeting
,
the
director
closeted
herself
with
the
writers
to
discuss
changes
.
•
He
closeted
the
witness
in
his
office
to
hear
the
full
story
.
He
closeted
the
witness
in
his
office
to
hear
the
full
story
.
From
the
noun
sense
of
a
private
room
;
verb
use
dates
to
the
early
17th
century
.
noun
(
archaic
)
a
very
small
private
room
for
study
or
prayer
,
or
a
lavatory
•
The
medieval
monk
wrote
letters
in
his
tiny
closet
beside
the
chapel
.
The
medieval
monk
wrote
letters
in
his
tiny
closet
beside
the
chapel
.
•
Early
scholars
often
kept
rare
books
locked
in
a
private
closet
.
Early
scholars
often
kept
rare
books
locked
in
a
private
closet
.
Originally
denoted
a
small
enclosed
space
for
storage
;
by
the
16th
century
it
referred
to
a
private
study
or
privy
.
toilet
noun
a
room
,
especially
in
a
public
place
or
a
home
,
that
contains
a
toilet
and
usually
a
sink
,
where
people
can
relieve
themselves
•
Excuse
me
,
could
you
tell
me
where
the
nearest
toilet
is
?
Excuse
me
,
could
you
tell
me
where
the
nearest
toilet
is
?
•
The
cafe's
toilet
was
clean
and
bright
.
The
cafe's
toilet
was
clean
and
bright
.
noun
a
fixed
bowl
connected
to
plumbing
,
with
a
seat
and
a
flushing
system
,
used
for
urinating
and
defecating
•
He
lifted
the
lid
of
the
toilet
and
flushed
.
He
lifted
the
lid
of
the
toilet
and
flushed
.
•
The
plumber
replaced
the
broken
toilet
in
the
bathroom
.
The
plumber
replaced
the
broken
toilet
in
the
bathroom
.
noun
(
dated
)
the
act
or
process
of
washing
,
grooming
,
and
dressing
oneself
•
The
lady
finished
her
morning
toilet
before
breakfast
.
The
lady
finished
her
morning
toilet
before
breakfast
.
•
His
late
arrival
was
blamed
on
the
length
of
his
nightly
toilet
.
His
late
arrival
was
blamed
on
the
length
of
his
nightly
toilet
.
verb
-
toilet
,
toileting
,
toilets
,
toileted
to
wash
,
groom
,
or
otherwise
care
for
the
body
of
a
person
or
an
animal
•
The
nurse
gently
toileted
the
patient
and
changed
the
sheets
.
The
nurse
gently
toileted
the
patient
and
changed
the
sheets
.
•
Handlers
carefully
toilet
the
show
dogs
before
they
enter
the
ring
.
Handlers
carefully
toilet
the
show
dogs
before
they
enter
the
ring
.
competitor
noun
a
person
who
takes
part
in
a
contest
,
race
,
or
other
competition
,
trying
to
win
against
others
•
Each
competitor
had
to
swim
two
laps
before
starting
the
cycling
part
of
the
triathlon
.
Each
competitor
had
to
swim
two
laps
before
starting
the
cycling
part
of
the
triathlon
.
•
The
youngest
competitor
in
the
spelling
bee
stood
confidently
at
the
microphone
.
The
youngest
competitor
in
the
spelling
bee
stood
confidently
at
the
microphone
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
competĭtor
“
rival
,
seeker
together
”,
from
competere
“
to
strive
together
”.
noun
a
company
,
product
,
or
organization
that
tries
to
win
customers
or
market
share
from
another
•
The
new
coffee
shop
quickly
became
a
serious
competitor
to
the
old
café
across
the
street
.
The
new
coffee
shop
quickly
became
a
serious
competitor
to
the
old
café
across
the
street
.
•
Price
cuts
helped
the
company
stay
ahead
of
its
biggest
competitor
in
the
market
.
Price
cuts
helped
the
company
stay
ahead
of
its
biggest
competitor
in
the
market
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
competĭtor
;
commercial
sense
developed
in
English
in
the
late
19th
century
with
the
rise
of
modern
business
competition
.
diabetes
noun
-
diabetes
a
long-term
medical
condition
in
which
the
body
cannot
control
the
level
of
sugar
in
the
blood
properly
•
Her
doctor
diagnosed
her
with
diabetes
after
several
blood
tests
.
Her
doctor
diagnosed
her
with
diabetes
after
several
blood
tests
.
•
People
with
diabetes
often
monitor
their
blood
sugar
every
day
.
People
with
diabetes
often
monitor
their
blood
sugar
every
day
.
From
Late
Latin
diabētēs
,
from
Ancient
Greek
διαβήτης
(
diabétés
)
meaning
“
a
passer
through
,
siphon
,”
referring
to
excessive
urination
,
later
applied
to
the
disease
.
noun
-
diabetes
a
rare
disorder
in
which
the
kidneys
cannot
conserve
water
,
causing
the
body
to
pass
large
amounts
of
dilute
urine
•
The
specialist
explained
that
diabetes insipidus
causes
extreme
thirst
and
frequent
urination
.
The
specialist
explained
that
diabetes insipidus
causes
extreme
thirst
and
frequent
urination
.
•
Unlike
the
common
form
of
diabetes
,
the
insipidus
type
does
not
affect
blood
sugar
levels
.
Unlike
the
common
form
of
diabetes
,
the
insipidus
type
does
not
affect
blood
sugar
levels
.
The
term
insipidus
(
Latin
for
“
tasteless
”)
was
added
in
the
late
18th
century
to
distinguish
the
condition
from
diabetes mellitus
,
whose
urine
tastes
sweet
due
to
sugar
.
concrete
noun
-
concrete
,
concreting
,
concretes
,
concreted
a
hard
building
material
made
by
mixing
cement
,
sand
,
gravel
,
and
water
,
which
becomes
solid
when
it
dries
•
Workers
poured
wet
concrete
into
the
wooden
frame
to
form
the
foundation
.
Workers
poured
wet
concrete
into
the
wooden
frame
to
form
the
foundation
.
•
After
a
day
of
drying
,
the
driveway's
concrete
was
smooth
and
hard
.
After
a
day
of
drying
,
the
driveway's
concrete
was
smooth
and
hard
.
From
Latin
concretus
“
grown
together
,
hard
,
thick
,”
past
participle
of
concrescere
“
to
grow
together
.”
Originally
an
adjective
in
English
(
16th
c
.);
the
building-material
sense
arose
in
the
19th
c
.
adjective
existing
in
a
real
,
specific
,
and
clearly
seen
or
measured
form
,
not
abstract
•
The
teacher
asked
for
concrete
examples
,
not
vague
theories
.
The
teacher
asked
for
concrete
examples
,
not
vague
theories
.
•
Show
me
some
concrete
proof
before
I
believe
your
story
.
Show
me
some
concrete
proof
before
I
believe
your
story
.
verb
-
concrete
,
concreting
,
concretes
,
concreted
to
cover
or
form
something
with
concrete
,
or
to
become
hard
like
concrete
•
Last
summer
,
builders
concreted
the
footpath
to
make
it
safer
for
pedestrians
.
Last
summer
,
builders
concreted
the
footpath
to
make
it
safer
for
pedestrians
.
•
Over
time
,
the
mixture
will
concrete
and
set
solid
.
Over
time
,
the
mixture
will
concrete
and
set
solid
.
athletic
adjective
having
a
strong
,
fit
body
and
able
to
move
quickly
and
easily
•
The
basketball
player
has
an
athletic
build
and
can
jump
very
high
.
The
basketball
player
has
an
athletic
build
and
can
jump
very
high
.
•
Regular
swimming
keeps
her
athletic
and
energetic
.
Regular
swimming
keeps
her
athletic
and
energetic
.
From
athlete
+
-ic
,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
mid-19th
century
to
describe
people
or
qualities
of
athletes
.
adjective
connected
with
sports
,
exercise
,
or
the
activities
of
athletes
•
The
school
is
proud
of
its
athletic
programs
and
modern
gymnasium
.
The
school
is
proud
of
its
athletic
programs
and
modern
gymnasium
.
•
She
bought
new
shoes
at
a
store
that
sells
only
athletic
gear
.
She
bought
new
shoes
at
a
store
that
sells
only
athletic
gear
.
Sense
extended
from
describing
athletic
persons
to
things
related
to
sports
by
the
late
19th
century
.
retail
noun
-
retail
the
business
of
selling
goods
directly
to
the
public
for
their
personal
use
•
Ella
got
her
first
job
in
retail
at
a
small
clothing
boutique
.
Ella
got
her
first
job
in
retail
at
a
small
clothing
boutique
.
•
The
report
shows
that
online
retail
has
grown
rapidly
this
year
.
The
report
shows
that
online
retail
has
grown
rapidly
this
year
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Anglo-French
"
retaillier
"
meaning
"
cut
again
,
cut
into
pieces
",
referring
to
selling
goods
in
small
lots
.
verb
to
sell
goods
directly
to
the
public
,
usually
in
small
quantities
•
The
farmer
’
s
market
retails
fresh
fruit
every
Saturday
morning
.
The
farmer
’
s
market
retails
fresh
fruit
every
Saturday
morning
.
•
That
company
retails
its
shoes
both
online
and
in
flagship
stores
.
That
company
retails
its
shoes
both
online
and
in
flagship
stores
.
adjective
describing
a
price
or
product
intended
for
sale
to
the
public
rather
than
to
other
businesses
•
The
retail
price
of
the
laptop
is
higher
than
the
wholesale
cost
.
The
retail
price
of
the
laptop
is
higher
than
the
wholesale
cost
.
•
She
works
as
a
buyer
for
a
large
retail
chain
.
She
works
as
a
buyer
for
a
large
retail
chain
.
adverb
in
the
form
of
selling
goods
directly
to
the
public
•
The
shoes
sell
retail
for
around
$80
.
The
shoes
sell
retail
for
around
$80
.
•
Factories
produce
goods
in
bulk
,
which
are
then
sold
retail
in
shops
.
Factories
produce
goods
in
bulk
,
which
are
then
sold
retail
in
shops
.
verb
to
repeat
or
relate
details
of
something
,
especially
gossip
or
stories
•
The
old
sailor
loved
to
retail
tales
of
storms
and
sea
monsters
.
The
old
sailor
loved
to
retail
tales
of
storms
and
sea
monsters
.
•
She
retailed
every
detail
of
the
scandal
to
her
curious
friends
.
She
retailed
every
detail
of
the
scandal
to
her
curious
friends
.
blanket
noun
a
large
piece
of
warm
cloth
,
often
made
from
wool
or
fleece
,
that
you
put
over
yourself
or
on
a
bed
to
keep
warm
•
She
pulled
the
blanket
up
to
her
chin
on
the
cold
night
.
She
pulled
the
blanket
up
to
her
chin
on
the
cold
night
.
•
After
the
picnic
,
they
sat
on
a
wool
blanket
watching
the
sunset
.
After
the
picnic
,
they
sat
on
a
wool
blanket
watching
the
sunset
.
Middle
English
blantket
,
from
Old
French
blanquette
“
white
cloth
”,
diminutive
of
blanc
“
white
”.
noun
a
thick
layer
of
something
that
completely
covers
an
area
,
such
as
snow
,
fog
,
or
smoke
•
A
heavy
blanket
of
fog
covered
the
harbor
at
dawn
.
A
heavy
blanket
of
fog
covered
the
harbor
at
dawn
.
•
The
fields
lay
under
a
white
blanket
of
snow
.
The
fields
lay
under
a
white
blanket
of
snow
.
adjective
affecting
or
covering
everything
or
everyone
,
without
making
any
exceptions
•
The
government
announced
a
blanket
ban
on
smoking
in
public
places
.
The
government
announced
a
blanket
ban
on
smoking
in
public
places
.
•
The
school
imposed
a
blanket
rule
that
phones
must
be
switched
off
during
class
.
The
school
imposed
a
blanket
rule
that
phones
must
be
switched
off
during
class
.
verb
-
blanket
,
blanketing
,
blankets
,
blanketed
to
cover
something
completely
or
in
large
amounts
,
like
snow
,
smoke
,
or
advertisements
do
•
Snow
began
to
blanket
the
rooftops
as
the
storm
moved
in
.
Snow
began
to
blanket
the
rooftops
as
the
storm
moved
in
.
•
Advertisements
blanketed
the
walls
of
the
subway
station
.
Advertisements
blanketed
the
walls
of
the
subway
station
.
basket
noun
a
container
with
a
handle
,
usually
woven
from
thin
strips
of
wood
,
cane
,
or
plastic
,
used
for
carrying
or
storing
things
•
She
carried
a
basket
of
fresh
apples
from
the
orchard
.
She
carried
a
basket
of
fresh
apples
from
the
orchard
.
•
The
picnic
basket
was
packed
with
sandwiches
,
fruit
,
and
lemonade
.
The
picnic
basket
was
packed
with
sandwiches
,
fruit
,
and
lemonade
.
noun
in
basketball
,
the
metal
hoop
with
a
hanging
net
fixed
to
a
backboard
,
or
a
successful
shot
that
goes
through
it
•
He
leapt
and
slammed
the
ball
into
the
basket
.
He
leapt
and
slammed
the
ball
into
the
basket
.
•
The
crowd
erupted
when
she
scored
the
winning
basket
at
the
buzzer
.
The
crowd
erupted
when
she
scored
the
winning
basket
at
the
buzzer
.
noun
a
group
of
different
but
related
things
considered
together
as
one
set
•
The
investor
held
a
basket
of
international
currencies
to
reduce
risk
.
The
investor
held
a
basket
of
international
currencies
to
reduce
risk
.
•
The
government
announced
a
basket
of
measures
to
support
small
businesses
.
The
government
announced
a
basket
of
measures
to
support
small
businesses
.
nonetheless
adverb
in
spite
of
what
has
just
been
said
or
done
;
despite
that
•
It
was
pouring
with
rain
;
nonetheless
,
they
set
off
for
a
walk
in
the
park
.
It
was
pouring
with
rain
;
nonetheless
,
they
set
off
for
a
walk
in
the
park
.
•
The
start-up
lacked
funding
,
but
the
team
pressed
on
nonetheless
with
their
prototype
.
The
start-up
lacked
funding
,
but
the
team
pressed
on
nonetheless
with
their
prototype
.
formed
in
the
19th
century
by
combining
none
+
the
+
less
,
modeled
on
nevertheless
rhetoric
noun
-
rhetoric
the
study
or
skill
of
using
words
clearly
and
persuasively
,
especially
in
public
speaking
or
writing
•
Ancient
Greek
students
practiced
rhetoric
to
sharpen
their
debating
skills
.
Ancient
Greek
students
practiced
rhetoric
to
sharpen
their
debating
skills
.
•
Good
politicians
often
study
rhetoric
so
they
can
speak
clearly
to
large
crowds
.
Good
politicians
often
study
rhetoric
so
they
can
speak
clearly
to
large
crowds
.
From
Latin
rhetorica
,
from
Ancient
Greek
rhētorikḗ
(
tekhnē
)
meaning
“(
art
)
of
an
orator
.”
noun
-
rhetoric
language
that
sounds
impressive
or
persuasive
but
is
often
exaggerated
,
insincere
,
or
lacking
real
substance
•
Voters
were
tired
of
the
candidate
’
s
empty
rhetoric
and
wanted
real
plans
.
Voters
were
tired
of
the
candidate
’
s
empty
rhetoric
and
wanted
real
plans
.
•
Behind
all
the
soaring
rhetoric
,
the
proposal
lacked
details
.
Behind
all
the
soaring
rhetoric
,
the
proposal
lacked
details
.
Sense
of
“
showy
language
”
arose
in
late
Middle
English
as
rhetorical
techniques
were
sometimes
critiqued
as
empty
show
.
tablet
noun
a
small
,
flat
,
portable
computer
with
a
touch
screen
•
Mia
used
her
new
tablet
to
draw
a
colorful
picture
on
the
bus
ride
home
.
Mia
used
her
new
tablet
to
draw
a
colorful
picture
on
the
bus
ride
home
.
•
During
the
meeting
,
the
engineer
flipped
his
tablet
into
landscape
mode
to
show
the
design
.
During
the
meeting
,
the
engineer
flipped
his
tablet
into
landscape
mode
to
show
the
design
.
Early
21st-century
use
,
comparing
the
flat
shape
to
a
writing
tablet
.
noun
a
small
solid
dose
of
medicine
that
you
swallow
whole
•
The
doctor
told
Ella
to
take
one
tablet
every
morning
after
breakfast
.
The
doctor
told
Ella
to
take
one
tablet
every
morning
after
breakfast
.
•
Make
sure
you
drink
plenty
of
water
when
swallowing
these
tablets
.
Make
sure
you
drink
plenty
of
water
when
swallowing
these
tablets
.
19th-century
pharmacy
term
,
from
the
flat
compressed
shape
resembling
a
writing
tablet
.
noun
a
flat
slab
of
stone
,
clay
,
or
wood
used
for
writing
or
carving
words
on
•
The
museum
displayed
an
ancient
clay
tablet
covered
with
cuneiform
script
.
The
museum
displayed
an
ancient
clay
tablet
covered
with
cuneiform
script
.
•
Workers
discovered
a
stone
tablet
listing
the
names
of
fallen
soldiers
from
the
old
kingdom
.
Workers
discovered
a
stone
tablet
listing
the
names
of
fallen
soldiers
from
the
old
kingdom
.
Old
English
tabulete
via
Old
French
from
Latin
tabula
‘
board
,
writing
surface
’.
noun
-
tablet
a
traditional
Scottish
sweet
fudge
made
from
sugar
,
butter
,
and
milk
•
Gran
sliced
the
homemade
tablet
into
tiny
squares
for
the
visitors
.
Gran
sliced
the
homemade
tablet
into
tiny
squares
for
the
visitors
.
•
The
gift
shop
sells
tins
filled
with
creamy
Scottish
tablet
.
The
gift
shop
sells
tins
filled
with
creamy
Scottish
tablet
.
19th-century
Scotland
;
probably
named
for
the
block-like
shape
resembling
a
small
slab
or
tablet
.
determination
noun
the
strong
will
to
keep
trying
until
you
succeed
,
even
when
something
is
hard
•
With
sheer
determination
,
Maya
finished
the
marathon
despite
the
rain
.
With
sheer
determination
,
Maya
finished
the
marathon
despite
the
rain
.
•
The
inventor
’
s
determination
turned
a
sketch
into
a
working
robot
.
The
inventor
’
s
determination
turned
a
sketch
into
a
working
robot
.
Late
Middle
English
:
from
Old
French
determination
or
Latin
determinatio
‘
settlement
,
limitation
’,
from
determinare
‘
to
bound
,
settle
’.
noun
an
official
decision
,
ruling
,
or
judgment
that
settles
something
•
The
court
’
s
determination
declared
the
contract
invalid
.
The
court
’
s
determination
declared
the
contract
invalid
.
•
After
months
of
debate
,
the
committee
reached
a
final
determination
on
the
new
policy
.
After
months
of
debate
,
the
committee
reached
a
final
determination
on
the
new
policy
.
Same
origin
as
sense
1
:
based
on
Latin
determinare
‘
to
decide
,
settle
’.
noun
the
process
of
finding
out
something
exactly
by
calculation
,
research
,
or
measurement
•
Accurate
determination
of
the
metal
’
s
purity
required
advanced
equipment
.
Accurate
determination
of
the
metal
’
s
purity
required
advanced
equipment
.
•
The
survey
included
the
determination
of
population
density
in
rural
areas
.
The
survey
included
the
determination
of
population
density
in
rural
areas
.
Specialized
scientific
use
developed
in
the
17th–18th
centuries
from
the
general
sense
‘
deciding
exactly
’.
apology
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
words
that
say
you
are
sorry
for
something
you
did
wrong
or
for
a
problem
you
caused
.
•
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
She
offered
a
heartfelt
apology
for
arriving
late
.
•
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
The
airline
emailed
every
passenger
an
official
apology
after
the
long
flight
delay
.
From
Late
Latin
apologia
“
a
defense
,
justification
,”
later
shifting
in
English
to
the
sense
of
saying
sorry
.
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
formal
spoken
or
written
defense
of
an
idea
,
belief
,
or
action
that
people
criticize
.
•
Plato
’
s
“
Apology
”
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
Plato
’
s
“
Apology
”
records
Socrates
defending
his
way
of
life
before
the
Athenian
court
.
•
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
The
essay
is
an
apology
for
free-market
economics
.
Sense
follows
the
original
Greek
apologia
“
a
speech
in
defense
.”
noun
-
apology
,
apologies
,
apologize
,
apologizing
,
apologizes
,
apologized
a
very
poor
or
inadequate
example
of
something
,
often
used
humorously
.
•
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
—
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
The
hotel
served
an
apology
for
a
breakfast
—
just
dry
toast
and
warm
water
.
•
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
His
report
was
an
apology
for
research
,
filled
with
errors
and
guesswork
.
Developed
by
figurative
use
of
the
main
sense
,
suggesting
something
so
poor
that
it
must
itself
apologize
.
greet
verb
-
greet
,
greeting
,
greets
,
greeted
to
say
hello
to
someone
or
make
them
feel
welcome
when
you
meet
or
see
them
•
At
the
party
,
everyone
rushed
to
greet
the
guest
of
honor
at
the
door
.
At
the
party
,
everyone
rushed
to
greet
the
guest
of
honor
at
the
door
.
•
The
receptionist
always
stands
up
to
greet
visitors
with
a
cheerful
smile
.
The
receptionist
always
stands
up
to
greet
visitors
with
a
cheerful
smile
.
Old
English
grētan
“
to
approach
,
address
,
salute
,”
related
to
German
grüßen
,
originally
meaning
“
come
into
contact
with
.”
verb
-
greet
,
greeting
,
greets
,
greeted
to
receive
or
react
to
something
in
a
particular
way
•
His
proposal
was
greeted
with
enthusiastic
applause
.
His
proposal
was
greeted
with
enthusiastic
applause
.
•
A
cold
silence
greeted
her
announcement
.
A
cold
silence
greeted
her
announcement
.
verb
-
greet
,
greeting
,
greets
,
greeted
(
Scottish
)
to
cry
or
weep
,
especially
noisily
•
The
bairn
began
to
greet
when
his
scoop
of
ice-cream
fell
onto
the
pavement
.
The
bairn
began
to
greet
when
his
scoop
of
ice-cream
fell
onto
the
pavement
.
•
"
Dinna
greet
,
lass
,"
the
old
fisherman
said
kindly
.
"
Dinna
greet
,
lass
,"
the
old
fisherman
said
kindly
.
From
Scots
and
Northern
English
usage
,
continuing
the
Old
English
sense
“
lament
,
bewail
,”
which
survived
in
dialect
though
lost
in
Standard
English
.
parameter
noun
a
numerical
value
that
stays
constant
within
one
specific
mathematical
model
but
can
vary
between
different
models
in
the
same
family
•
In
the
equation
of
a
straight
line
,
the
slope
is
a
key
parameter
.
In
the
equation
of
a
straight
line
,
the
slope
is
a
key
parameter
.
•
Changing
the
parameter
shifts
the
entire
graph
up
or
down
on
the
coordinate
plane
.
Changing
the
parameter
shifts
the
entire
graph
up
or
down
on
the
coordinate
plane
.
mid-19th
century
,
from
Greek
"
para
"
meaning
‘
beside
’
+
"
metron
"
meaning
‘
measure
’
noun
a
value
or
reference
that
a
computer
function
or
procedure
receives
so
it
can
perform
its
task
•
The
function
takes
a
filename
as
a
parameter
.
The
function
takes
a
filename
as
a
parameter
.
•
If
you
omit
the
second
parameter
,
the
program
uses
a
default
value
.
If
you
omit
the
second
parameter
,
the
program
uses
a
default
value
.
noun
a
fixed
limit
or
boundary
that
defines
what
is
possible
or
acceptable
in
a
situation
•
The
committee
set
strict
parameters
for
the
project
timeline
.
The
committee
set
strict
parameters
for
the
project
timeline
.
•
Staying
within
those
parameters
proved
harder
than
we
thought
.
Staying
within
those
parameters
proved
harder
than
we
thought
.
theoretical
adjective
connected
with
the
ideas
and
principles
of
a
subject
rather
than
its
practical
use
•
In
his
first
year
of
chemistry
,
the
students
focused
on
the
theoretical
foundations
before
doing
experiments
.
In
his
first
year
of
chemistry
,
the
students
focused
on
the
theoretical
foundations
before
doing
experiments
.
•
The
course
combines
theoretical
lectures
with
hands-on
workshops
.
The
course
combines
theoretical
lectures
with
hands-on
workshops
.
adjective
existing
only
as
an
idea
or
possibility
;
supposed
rather
than
proven
or
real
•
It
is
only
theoretical
that
a
person
could
live
on
Mars
without
protection
.
It
is
only
theoretical
that
a
person
could
live
on
Mars
without
protection
.
•
There
is
a
theoretical
chance
of
winning
the
lottery
,
but
it
is
tiny
.
There
is
a
theoretical
chance
of
winning
the
lottery
,
but
it
is
tiny
.
retrieve
verb
-
retrieve
,
retrieving
,
retrieves
,
retrieved
(
of
a
trained
dog
)
to
go
after
something
and
bring
it
back
to
its
owner
•
The
hunter
watched
his
Labrador
retrieve
the
duck
from
the
water
.
The
hunter
watched
his
Labrador
retrieve
the
duck
from
the
water
.
•
At
the
park
,
the
dog
happily
retrieved
the
tennis
ball
again
and
again
.
At
the
park
,
the
dog
happily
retrieved
the
tennis
ball
again
and
again
.
verb
-
retrieve
,
retrieving
,
retrieves
,
retrieved
to
get
something
back
that
was
lost
,
stolen
,
or
left
behind
•
After
realizing
he
forgot
his
passport
at
home
,
Jake
hurried
back
to
retrieve
it
before
the
flight
.
After
realizing
he
forgot
his
passport
at
home
,
Jake
hurried
back
to
retrieve
it
before
the
flight
.
•
The
police
managed
to
retrieve
the
stolen
painting
unharmed
.
The
police
managed
to
retrieve
the
stolen
painting
unharmed
.
From
Middle
French
retirer
"
draw
back
",
later
"
get
back
";
influenced
by
English
"
receive
".
verb
-
retrieve
,
retrieving
,
retrieves
,
retrieved
to
obtain
stored
information
or
data
•
The
librarian
taught
us
how
to
retrieve
historical
documents
from
the
online
archive
.
The
librarian
taught
us
how
to
retrieve
historical
documents
from
the
online
archive
.
•
It
only
takes
seconds
for
the
app
to
retrieve
your
medical
records
.
It
only
takes
seconds
for
the
app
to
retrieve
your
medical
records
.
verb
-
retrieve
,
retrieving
,
retrieves
,
retrieved
to
succeed
in
making
a
bad
situation
better
or
acceptable
again
•
A
late
goal
helped
the
team
retrieve
a
draw
from
what
looked
like
certain
defeat
.
A
late
goal
helped
the
team
retrieve
a
draw
from
what
looked
like
certain
defeat
.
•
She
managed
to
retrieve
her
reputation
with
a
heartfelt
apology
.
She
managed
to
retrieve
her
reputation
with
a
heartfelt
apology
.
outlet
noun
an
electrical
socket
in
a
wall
or
floor
that
supplies
power
to
plug-in
devices
•
She
plugged
her
phone
charger
into
the
wall
outlet
before
going
to
bed
.
She
plugged
her
phone
charger
into
the
wall
outlet
before
going
to
bed
.
•
Every
seat
on
the
train
has
a
power
outlet
for
laptops
.
Every
seat
on
the
train
has
a
power
outlet
for
laptops
.
noun
a
hole
,
pipe
,
or
other
opening
where
a
liquid
,
gas
,
or
other
substance
can
flow
out
•
Water
rushed
through
the
outlet
at
the
base
of
the
dam
.
Water
rushed
through
the
outlet
at
the
base
of
the
dam
.
•
The
technician
cleared
the
air
outlet
on
the
dryer
so
clothes
would
dry
faster
.
The
technician
cleared
the
air
outlet
on
the
dryer
so
clothes
would
dry
faster
.
From
out
+
let
,
literally
“
let
out
.”
Originally
meant
a
means
of
escape
or
release
(
17th
c
.).
noun
a
shop
,
often
one
of
many
,
that
sells
goods
directly
to
customers
,
especially
at
lower
prices
than
usual
•
We
bought
new
shoes
at
the
factory
outlet
for
half
the
normal
price
.
We
bought
new
shoes
at
the
factory
outlet
for
half
the
normal
price
.
•
This
brand
has
over
two
hundred
outlets
across
the
country
.
This
brand
has
over
two
hundred
outlets
across
the
country
.
noun
a
way
for
someone
to
express
strong
feelings
,
energy
,
or
creativity
•
Painting
became
an
outlet
for
her
stress
after
work
.
Painting
became
an
outlet
for
her
stress
after
work
.
•
Jogging
every
morning
gives
him
an
outlet
for
his
excess
energy
.
Jogging
every
morning
gives
him
an
outlet
for
his
excess
energy
.
noun
a
newspaper
,
website
,
television
channel
,
or
other
organization
that
provides
news
or
information
to
the
public
•
Several
media
outlets
reported
the
story
within
minutes
.
Several
media
outlets
reported
the
story
within
minutes
.
•
The
online
outlet
launched
a
podcast
to
reach
younger
audiences
.
The
online
outlet
launched
a
podcast
to
reach
younger
audiences
.
regret
noun
a
feeling
of
sadness
or
disappointment
because
something
happened
or
because
you
did
or
did
not
do
something
•
Looking
back
,
she
felt
deep
regret
about
leaving
her
hometown
.
Looking
back
,
she
felt
deep
regret
about
leaving
her
hometown
.
•
He
sold
the
painting
without
any
regret
.
He
sold
the
painting
without
any
regret
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
regreter
’
meaning
‘
to
bewail
’,
probably
from
a
Germanic
base
meaning
‘
to
greet
’
or
‘
lament
’.
verb
-
regret
,
regretting
,
regrets
,
regretted
to
feel
sorry
or
disappointed
about
something
that
has
happened
or
about
something
you
have
done
or
failed
to
do
•
I
regret
forgetting
your
birthday
.
I
regret
forgetting
your
birthday
.
•
They
will
regret
their
decision
sooner
or
later
.
They
will
regret
their
decision
sooner
or
later
.
From
Middle
English
‘
regretten
’,
related
to
Old
French
‘
regreter
’,
ultimately
of
Germanic
origin
.
retired
adjective
no
longer
working
at
your
regular
job
,
usually
because
you
have
reached
an
age
when
you
choose
to
stop
•
My
grandfather
has
been
retired
for
five
years
and
now
spends
his
mornings
gardening
.
My
grandfather
has
been
retired
for
five
years
and
now
spends
his
mornings
gardening
.
•
After
she
retired
,
Maria
traveled
across
South
America
with
a
small
backpack
and
a
big
smile
.
After
she
retired
,
Maria
traveled
across
South
America
with
a
small
backpack
and
a
big
smile
.
Formed
from
the
past
participle
of
the
verb
“
retire
,”
used
as
an
adjective
since
the
18th
century
to
describe
someone
who
has
withdrawn
from
work
.
verb
-
retire
,
retiring
,
retires
,
retired
past
tense
and
past
participle
of
retire
•
He
retired
from
the
army
in
2010
and
started
a
small
farm
.
He
retired
from
the
army
in
2010
and
started
a
small
farm
.
•
The
factory
workers
retired
their
old
machines
after
installing
newer
models
.
The
factory
workers
retired
their
old
machines
after
installing
newer
models
.
Formed
from
the
French
"
retirer
"
meaning
"
withdraw
."
The
English
verb
dates
to
the
16th
century
.
altogether
adverb
completely
;
totally
•
The
screen
went
altogether
dark
during
the
power
outage
.
The
screen
went
altogether
dark
during
the
power
outage
.
•
She
was
altogether
delighted
with
the
surprise
.
She
was
altogether
delighted
with
the
surprise
.
From
Middle
English
altogeder
,
equivalent
to
all
+
together
.
adverb
in
total
;
with
everything
added
up
•
There
were
fifteen
guests
altogether
at
the
party
.
There
were
fifteen
guests
altogether
at
the
party
.
•
The
bill
came
to
$200
altogether
.
The
bill
came
to
$200
altogether
.
See
first
sense
etymology
.
adverb
considering
everything
;
on
the
whole
•
Altogether
,
I
think
the
meeting
was
productive
.
Altogether
,
I
think
the
meeting
was
productive
.
•
It
was
a
tough
hike
,
but
altogether
an
enjoyable
day
.
It
was
a
tough
hike
,
but
altogether
an
enjoyable
day
.
See
first
sense
etymology
.
carpet
noun
a
thick
woven
or
tufted
material
laid
on
a
floor
to
make
it
warmer
,
softer
,
and
quieter
•
After
moving
into
their
new
house
,
they
chose
a
soft
blue
carpet
for
the
living
room
.
After
moving
into
their
new
house
,
they
chose
a
soft
blue
carpet
for
the
living
room
.
•
The
toddler
sat
on
the
thick
carpet
and
played
with
colorful
blocks
.
The
toddler
sat
on
the
thick
carpet
and
played
with
colorful
blocks
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
carpete
’,
from
Medieval
Latin
‘
carpita
’
meaning
‘
plucked
fabric
’,
from
Latin
‘
carpere
’ ‘
to
pluck
’.
noun
a
thick
or
wide
layer
of
something
that
completely
covers
an
area
and
looks
like
a
carpet
•
In
the
spring
,
the
meadow
was
hidden
beneath
a
carpet
of
wildflowers
.
In
the
spring
,
the
meadow
was
hidden
beneath
a
carpet
of
wildflowers
.
•
The
ground
lay
under
a
white
carpet
of
fresh
snow
.
The
ground
lay
under
a
white
carpet
of
fresh
snow
.
verb
to
cover
a
floor
,
stairs
,
or
other
surface
completely
with
carpet
•
They
plan
to
carpet
the
nursery
before
the
baby
arrives
.
They
plan
to
carpet
the
nursery
before
the
baby
arrives
.
•
The
stairs
were
carpeted
in
dark
green
to
reduce
noise
.
The
stairs
were
carpeted
in
dark
green
to
reduce
noise
.
verb
to
speak
angrily
to
someone
because
they
have
done
something
wrong
;
to
reprimand
•
The
manager
carpeted
him
for
arriving
late
again
.
The
manager
carpeted
him
for
arriving
late
again
.
•
She
was
carpeted
by
her
teacher
for
talking
during
the
exam
.
She
was
carpeted
by
her
teacher
for
talking
during
the
exam
.
Originally
from
the
19th-century
phrase
“
on
the
carpet
,”
referring
to
a
servant
being
called
onto
the
rich
family
’
s
carpeted
area
to
be
reprimanded
.
prophet
noun
A
person
who
people
believe
receives
messages
from
a
god
and
tells
others
those
divine
messages
or
warnings
.
•
Many
people
consider
Moses
to
be
a
prophet
who
guided
his
people
through
the
desert
.
Many
people
consider
Moses
to
be
a
prophet
who
guided
his
people
through
the
desert
.
•
The
villagers
gathered
around
the
prophet
to
hear
what
fate
awaited
their
kingdom
.
The
villagers
gathered
around
the
prophet
to
hear
what
fate
awaited
their
kingdom
.
Middle
English
profet
,
from
Old
French
prophete
,
from
Latin
prophēta
,
from
Ancient
Greek
prophētēs
meaning
“
spokesperson
of
a
god
.”
noun
Someone
who
is
very
good
at
predicting
what
will
happen
in
the
future
,
especially
in
a
particular
field
such
as
science
,
economics
,
or
culture
.
•
Many
investors
call
her
a
prophet
of
the
stock
market
because
her
forecasts
are
so
accurate
.
Many
investors
call
her
a
prophet
of
the
stock
market
because
her
forecasts
are
so
accurate
.
•
The
science-fiction
writer
was
a
prophet
of
space
travel
long
before
rockets
existed
.
The
science-fiction
writer
was
a
prophet
of
space
travel
long
before
rockets
existed
.
The
figurative
sense
developed
in
English
in
the
14th
century
,
extending
the
religious
idea
of
foretelling
to
secular
prediction
.
helmet
noun
a
hard
protective
covering
worn
on
the
head
to
prevent
injury
•
Before
riding
his
bicycle
,
Tom
fastened
his
helmet
securely
.
Before
riding
his
bicycle
,
Tom
fastened
his
helmet
securely
.
•
The
construction
worker
lifted
his
helmet
to
wipe
away
sweat
.
The
construction
worker
lifted
his
helmet
to
wipe
away
sweat
.
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
helmet
’ (
diminutive
of
helm
),
originally
meaning
a
small
protective
head
covering
.
noun
the
hood-like
,
dome-shaped
part
of
certain
flowers
formed
by
a
curved
petal
or
group
of
petals
•
The
orchid
’
s
purple
helmet
curved
over
the
pollen
inside
.
The
orchid
’
s
purple
helmet
curved
over
the
pollen
inside
.
•
Botanists
explained
that
the
flower
’
s
helmet
attracts
bees
.
Botanists
explained
that
the
flower
’
s
helmet
attracts
bees
.
Extended
sense
from
the
protective
headgear
,
dating
to
the
18th
century
in
botanical
Latin
when
the
curved
petal
was
likened
to
a
soldier
’
s
helmet
.
delete
verb
-
delete
,
deleting
,
deletes
,
deleted
to
remove
text
,
data
,
or
a
file
so
that
it
is
no
longer
saved
or
visible
•
Before
sending
the
email
,
she
decided
to
delete
the
last
sentence
because
it
sounded
harsh
.
Before
sending
the
email
,
she
decided
to
delete
the
last
sentence
because
it
sounded
harsh
.
•
My
younger
brother
accidentally
deleted
all
the
photos
on
his
phone
.
My
younger
brother
accidentally
deleted
all
the
photos
on
his
phone
.
From
Latin
deletus
,
past
participle
of
delere
“
to
wipe
out
,
erase
.”
Delete
noun
the
key
on
a
computer
keyboard
that
removes
the
character
to
the
right
of
the
cursor
or
erases
selected
items
•
She
hit
the
Delete
to
remove
the
extra
character
.
She
hit
the
Delete
to
remove
the
extra
character
.
•
A
sticky
note
next
to
his
keyboard
reminds
him
not
to
press
the
Delete
by
mistake
.
A
sticky
note
next
to
his
keyboard
reminds
him
not
to
press
the
Delete
by
mistake
.
Named
from
the
function
of
the
key
,
which
performs
a
delete
operation
in
computing
.
retailer
noun
a
person
or
company
that
buys
goods
in
large
amounts
and
sells
them
in
smaller
amounts
directly
to
customers
•
The
small
neighborhood
retailer
stays
open
late
to
serve
commuters
.
The
small
neighborhood
retailer
stays
open
late
to
serve
commuters
.
•
An
online
retailer
delivered
the
headphones
to
Mia
the
very
next
day
.
An
online
retailer
delivered
the
headphones
to
Mia
the
very
next
day
.
From
the
verb
"
retail
"
+
the
agent
suffix
“
-er
”,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
late
18th
century
,
literally
meaning
“
one
who
retails
goods
”.
sometime
adverb
at
a
time
that
is
not
fixed
or
known
,
either
in
the
past
or
in
the
future
•
Let's
meet
sometime
next
week
to
talk
about
the
project
.
Let's
meet
sometime
next
week
to
talk
about
the
project
.
•
He
moved
to
New
York
sometime
in
the
early
2000s
.
He
moved
to
New
York
sometime
in
the
early
2000s
.
adverb
occasionally
;
now
and
then
•
I
sometime
walk
home
instead
of
taking
the
bus
.
I
sometime
walk
home
instead
of
taking
the
bus
.
•
The
old
radio
only
sometime
works
when
you
tap
it
.
The
old
radio
only
sometime
works
when
you
tap
it
.
adjective
former
or
occasional
,
usually
used
before
a
noun
•
The
novelist
thanked
his
sometime
editor
in
the
acknowledgments
.
The
novelist
thanked
his
sometime
editor
in
the
acknowledgments
.
•
She
invited
her
sometime
roommate
to
the
wedding
.
She
invited
her
sometime
roommate
to
the
wedding
.
sympathy
noun
-
sympathy
,
sympathies
a
feeling
of
care
and
understanding
for
someone
who
is
sad
,
hurt
,
or
in
a
difficult
situation
•
Lisa
rested
her
hand
on
her
friend
’
s
arm
,
her
face
full
of
sympathy
as
he
talked
about
losing
his
job
.
Lisa
rested
her
hand
on
her
friend
’
s
arm
,
her
face
full
of
sympathy
as
he
talked
about
losing
his
job
.
•
The
nurse
listened
with
sympathy
to
the
elderly
patient
’
s
worries
about
the
surgery
.
The
nurse
listened
with
sympathy
to
the
elderly
patient
’
s
worries
about
the
surgery
.
Mid-16th
century
from
French
sympathie
,
via
Latin
from
Greek
sumpatheia
‘
fellow-feeling
’ (
from
sun-
‘
together
’
+
pathos
‘
feeling
’).
noun
-
sympathy
,
sympathies
words
,
cards
,
or
other
gestures
that
show
you
care
about
someone
’
s
sorrow
•
She
kept
every
sympathy
card
she
received
after
her
grandmother
died
.
She
kept
every
sympathy
card
she
received
after
her
grandmother
died
.
•
The
mayor
sent
his
sympathy
to
the
victims
’
families
.
The
mayor
sent
his
sympathy
to
the
victims
’
families
.
noun
-
sympathy
,
sympathies
agreement
with
or
support
for
another
person
’
s
ideas
,
feelings
,
or
actions
•
Many
voters
are
in
sympathy
with
the
students
’
demand
for
cheaper
tuition
.
Many
voters
are
in
sympathy
with
the
students
’
demand
for
cheaper
tuition
.
•
The
newspaper
wrote
an
editorial
in
sympathy
with
the
striking
workers
.
The
newspaper
wrote
an
editorial
in
sympathy
with
the
striking
workers
.
noun
-
sympathy
,
sympathies
a
natural
effect
in
which
one
object
or
part
vibrates
,
moves
,
or
reacts
when
another
related
object
is
disturbed
•
The
guitar
string
vibrated
in
sympathy
with
the
note
sung
by
the
choir
.
The
guitar
string
vibrated
in
sympathy
with
the
note
sung
by
the
choir
.
•
Scientists
observed
that
the
second
pendulum
began
to
swing
in
sympathy
with
the
first
.
Scientists
observed
that
the
second
pendulum
began
to
swing
in
sympathy
with
the
first
.
fleet
noun
-
fleet
,
fleeting
,
fleets
,
fleeted
,
fleeter
,
fleetest
,
fleetly
,
fleetlier
,
fleetliest
a
group
of
ships
sailing
together
or
controlled
by
one
navy
or
company
•
The
country's
fleet
was
anchored
outside
the
harbor
during
the
festival
.
The
country's
fleet
was
anchored
outside
the
harbor
during
the
festival
.
•
A
sudden
storm
forced
the
pirate
fleet
to
seek
shelter
behind
the
island
.
A
sudden
storm
forced
the
pirate
fleet
to
seek
shelter
behind
the
island
.
Old
English
flēot
‘
ship
,
floating
vessel
’,
later
‘
group
of
ships
’,
from
flēotan
‘
to
float
’.
noun
-
fleet
,
fleeting
,
fleets
,
fleeted
,
fleeter
,
fleetest
,
fleetly
,
fleetlier
,
fleetliest
all
the
vehicles
,
aircraft
,
or
machines
owned
or
managed
by
one
company
or
organization
•
The
delivery
company
added
electric
vans
to
its
fleet
to
cut
emissions
.
The
delivery
company
added
electric
vans
to
its
fleet
to
cut
emissions
.
•
Our
airline's
fleet
now
includes
the
latest
fuel-efficient
aircraft
.
Our
airline's
fleet
now
includes
the
latest
fuel-efficient
aircraft
.
Extended
from
the
naval
sense
to
other
kinds
of
vehicles
in
the
early
20th
century
.
adjective
-
fleet
,
fleeting
,
fleets
,
fleeted
,
fleeter
,
fleetest
,
fleetly
,
fleetlier
,
fleetliest
able
to
move
very
quickly
;
fast
•
The
deer
was
so
fleet
that
it
vanished
into
the
forest
in
seconds
.
The
deer
was
so
fleet
that
it
vanished
into
the
forest
in
seconds
.
•
With
fleet
fingers
,
the
pianist
raced
through
the
difficult
passage
.
With
fleet
fingers
,
the
pianist
raced
through
the
difficult
passage
.
Old
English
flēt
‘
swift
,
fast
’,
originally
describing
running
water
,
later
applied
to
animals
and
people
.
verb
-
fleet
,
fleeting
,
fleets
,
fleeted
,
fleeter
,
fleetest
,
fleetly
,
fleetlier
,
fleetliest
to
move
or
pass
quickly
;
to
disappear
swiftly
•
The
afternoon
will
soon
fleet
away
if
we
don't
start
working
.
The
afternoon
will
soon
fleet
away
if
we
don't
start
working
.
•
Hours
can
fleet
by
when
you're
having
fun
.
Hours
can
fleet
by
when
you're
having
fun
.
Old
English
flēotan
‘
to
float
,
drift
’,
evolving
to
mean
‘
move
swiftly
’
by
the
16th
century
.
betray
verb
to
hurt
someone
who
trusts
you
by
being
disloyal
to
them
,
especially
by
helping
their
enemies
or
sharing
harmful
information
•
Judas
betrayed
Jesus
for
thirty
silver
coins
.
Judas
betrayed
Jesus
for
thirty
silver
coins
.
•
The
spy
betrayed
his
country
by
selling
secrets
to
a
foreign
agent
.
The
spy
betrayed
his
country
by
selling
secrets
to
a
foreign
agent
.
Middle
English
betraien
,
from
be-
+
Old
French
traïr
“
to
betray
,”
from
Latin
tradere
“
to
hand
over
.”
verb
to
reveal
something
hidden
,
such
as
a
feeling
or
secret
,
often
without
intending
to
•
Her
trembling
voice
betrayed
her
fear
during
the
interview
.
Her
trembling
voice
betrayed
her
fear
during
the
interview
.
•
A
sudden
blush
betrayed
her
embarrassment
.
A
sudden
blush
betrayed
her
embarrassment
.
verb
to
deceive
or
mislead
someone
so
they
make
a
mistake
•
Appearances
can
betray
even
the
wisest
traveler
.
Appearances
can
betray
even
the
wisest
traveler
.
•
The
calm
sea
betrayed
the
storm
that
lurked
beneath
.
The
calm
sea
betrayed
the
storm
that
lurked
beneath
.
bucket
noun
a
round
open
container
with
a
handle
,
often
made
of
metal
or
plastic
,
used
for
carrying
or
holding
liquids
or
other
materials
•
She
filled
the
bucket
with
soapy
water
and
started
washing
the
car
.
She
filled
the
bucket
with
soapy
water
and
started
washing
the
car
.
•
A
little
boy
proudly
carried
a
metal
bucket
of
sand
across
the
sunny
beach
.
A
little
boy
proudly
carried
a
metal
bucket
of
sand
across
the
sunny
beach
.
Old
English
“
buc
”
meaning
a
container
or
pitcher
,
later
influenced
by
Old
French
“
buquet
”.
noun
(
US
informal
,
basketball
)
a
successful
field
goal
;
a
made
basket
•
The
rookie
scored
his
first
NBA
bucket
in
the
opening
quarter
.
The
rookie
scored
his
first
NBA
bucket
in
the
opening
quarter
.
•
With
two
seconds
left
,
she
drove
to
the
hoop
and
made
the
winning
bucket
.
With
two
seconds
left
,
she
drove
to
the
hoop
and
made
the
winning
bucket
.
Originated
in
U
.
S
.
playground
basketball
slang
in
the
1950s
,
likening
the
netted
rim
to
a
bucket
catching
the
ball
.
noun
(
engineering/construction
)
the
large
metal
scoop
attached
to
an
excavator
,
loader
,
or
similar
machine
that
digs
,
carries
,
or
dumps
material
•
The
excavator
’
s
bucket
dug
deep
into
the
clay
.
The
excavator
’
s
bucket
dug
deep
into
the
clay
.
•
Workers
replaced
the
worn
teeth
on
the
loader
’
s
bucket
.
Workers
replaced
the
worn
teeth
on
the
loader
’
s
bucket
.
Applied
to
digging
machinery
in
the
late
19th
century
,
extending
the
idea
of
a
handheld
bucket
to
a
mechanical
scoop
.
verb
-
bucket
,
bucketing
,
buckets
,
bucketed
to
rain
very
heavily
,
often
used
in
the
continuous
form
or
with
“
down
”
•
We
stayed
inside
because
it
was
bucketing
down
all
afternoon
.
We
stayed
inside
because
it
was
bucketing
down
all
afternoon
.
•
The
match
was
cancelled
when
it
started
bucketing
.
The
match
was
cancelled
when
it
started
bucketing
.
First
recorded
late
19th
century
;
likens
the
downpour
to
water
being
emptied
from
buckets
.
noun
(
computing/business
)
a
category
or
group
used
to
collect
similar
items
or
data
for
easier
handling
or
analysis
•
The
survey
results
were
divided
into
three
buckets
based
on
age
.
The
survey
results
were
divided
into
three
buckets
based
on
age
.
•
Each
storage
bucket
in
the
cloud
service
has
its
own
access
policy
.
Each
storage
bucket
in
the
cloud
service
has
its
own
access
policy
.
Figurative
use
of
the
physical
container
to
describe
a
virtual
container
for
data
,
popularized
in
1990s
business
and
computing
jargon
.
verb
-
bucket
,
bucketing
,
buckets
,
bucketed
to
move
very
quickly
,
especially
in
a
noisy
or
uncontrolled
way
•
The
motorbike
bucketed
past
us
on
the
highway
.
The
motorbike
bucketed
past
us
on
the
highway
.
•
We
were
bucketing
along
the
trail
trying
to
beat
the
storm
.
We
were
bucketing
along
the
trail
trying
to
beat
the
storm
.
Early
20th-century
British
slang
,
possibly
from
the
clattering
sound
of
an
empty
bucket
bumping
wildly
.
buckets
noun
(
informal
,
usually
plural
)
a
very
large
amount
of
something
,
especially
appearing
in
the
phrase
“
buckets
of
”
•
She
had
buckets
of
homework
to
finish
before
Monday
.
She
had
buckets
of
homework
to
finish
before
Monday
.
•
The
charity
received
buckets
of
donations
after
the
news
story
aired
.
The
charity
received
buckets
of
donations
after
the
news
story
aired
.
Extension
of
the
concrete
noun
to
a
figurative
sense
of
abundance
,
first
recorded
in
the
1920s
.
monetary
adjective
relating
to
money
,
payments
,
or
amounts
expressed
in
money
•
The
award
included
a
significant
monetary
prize
.
The
award
included
a
significant
monetary
prize
.
•
She
keeps
careful
records
of
her
monetary
expenses
during
trips
.
She
keeps
careful
records
of
her
monetary
expenses
during
trips
.
From
Latin
monetarius
“
relating
to
money
”,
from
moneta
“
mint
,
coin
”.
adjective
connected
with
a
country
’
s
supply
of
money
and
how
it
is
controlled
•
The
central
bank
raised
interest
rates
to
tighten
monetary
policy
.
The
central
bank
raised
interest
rates
to
tighten
monetary
policy
.
•
Economists
debated
the
effects
of
monetary
expansion
on
inflation
.
Economists
debated
the
effects
of
monetary
expansion
on
inflation
.
From
Latin
monetarius
“
relating
to
money
”,
from
moneta
“
mint
,
coin
”.
sweetheart
noun
a
person
you
love
in
a
romantic
way
,
such
as
a
boyfriend
,
girlfriend
,
husband
,
or
wife
•
Emma
invited
her
sweetheart
to
meet
her
family
for
dinner
.
Emma
invited
her
sweetheart
to
meet
her
family
for
dinner
.
•
After
years
apart
,
Jack
ran
across
the
airport
lobby
and
hugged
his
sweetheart
tightly
.
After
years
apart
,
Jack
ran
across
the
airport
lobby
and
hugged
his
sweetheart
tightly
.
From
Middle
English
swete
hert
,
literally
“
sweet
heart
,”
first
used
in
the
1300s
to
address
a
loved
person
.
noun
a
kind
,
gentle
,
or
helpful
person
who
is
easy
to
like
;
also
a
friendly
form
of
address
•
Thanks
for
bringing
me
soup
while
I
was
sick
—
you
’
re
a
real
sweetheart
.
Thanks
for
bringing
me
soup
while
I
was
sick
—
you
’
re
a
real
sweetheart
.
•
The
new
teacher
is
such
a
sweetheart
that
all
the
children
adore
her
.
The
new
teacher
is
such
a
sweetheart
that
all
the
children
adore
her
.
Extension
of
the
romantic
sense
to
general
kindness
appeared
in
the
late
1800s
.
adjective
describing
an
agreement
or
deal
that
is
unusually
generous
or
advantageous
,
often
arranged
privately
•
The
company
won
a
sweetheart
contract
that
saved
them
millions
in
taxes
.
The
company
won
a
sweetheart
contract
that
saved
them
millions
in
taxes
.
•
Critics
called
the
new
highway
plan
a
sweetheart
deal
for
construction
firms
.
Critics
called
the
new
highway
plan
a
sweetheart
deal
for
construction
firms
.
Figurative
use
of
the
noun
in
business
slang
from
the
1930s
,
likening
a
generous
contract
to
the
affection
shown
to
a
sweetheart
.
sunset
noun
the
time
in
the
evening
when
the
sun
goes
below
the
horizon
and
daylight
fades
•
We
hurried
to
the
beach
to
watch
the
sunset
.
We
hurried
to
the
beach
to
watch
the
sunset
.
•
After
sunset
,
the
air
became
cooler
.
After
sunset
,
the
air
became
cooler
.
Old
English
‘
sunnan
setl
’
meaning
‘
sun
’
s
going
down
’,
later
contracted
to
‘
sunset
’.
noun
the
colourful
view
or
sky
that
appears
around
the
time
when
the
sun
goes
down
•
The
mountain
was
silhouetted
against
a
fiery
sunset
.
The
mountain
was
silhouetted
against
a
fiery
sunset
.
•
She
painted
the
sunset
in
shades
of
pink
and
gold
.
She
painted
the
sunset
in
shades
of
pink
and
gold
.
Sense
extended
from
the
time
of
day
to
the
spectacular
colours
seen
in
the
sky
during
that
period
.
verb
-
sunset
,
sunsetting
,
sunsets
,
sunsetted
to
officially
end
,
retire
,
or
phase
out
something
at
a
planned
time
•
The
company
will
sunset
its
older
smartphone
model
next
year
.
The
company
will
sunset
its
older
smartphone
model
next
year
.
•
The
law
is
scheduled
to
sunset
after
ten
years
unless
renewed
.
The
law
is
scheduled
to
sunset
after
ten
years
unless
renewed
.
Derived
metaphorically
in
the
1970s
from
the
noun
‘
sunset
’,
suggesting
the
ending
of
a
program
or
law
like
the
day
ending
with
the
setting
sun
.
adjective
describing
a
business
,
industry
,
law
,
or
clause
that
is
declining
or
set
to
end
•
Coal
is
considered
a
sunset
industry
in
many
countries
.
Coal
is
considered
a
sunset
industry
in
many
countries
.
•
The
bill
included
a
sunset
clause
requiring
review
after
five
years
.
The
bill
included
a
sunset
clause
requiring
review
after
five
years
.
Formed
by
attributive
use
of
the
noun
‘
sunset
’,
likening
the
fade
of
daylight
to
the
decline
of
an
activity
or
rule
.
petition
noun
a
written
request
signed
by
many
people
asking
someone
in
authority
to
do
or
change
something
•
Thousands
of
residents
added
their
names
to
the
petition
demanding
better
public
transport
in
the
city
.
Thousands
of
residents
added
their
names
to
the
petition
demanding
better
public
transport
in
the
city
.
•
The
online
petition
reached
one
million
signatures
within
a
week
.
The
online
petition
reached
one
million
signatures
within
a
week
.
From
Latin
petitio
“
a
request
,
solicitation
,”
from
petere
“
to
seek
,
ask
.”
verb
to
formally
ask
an
authority
for
something
,
especially
in
writing
,
often
gathering
signatures
to
support
the
request
•
Residents
plan
to
petition
the
mayor
to
fix
the
broken
streetlights
.
Residents
plan
to
petition
the
mayor
to
fix
the
broken
streetlights
.
•
They
have
petitioned
the
court
for
a
retrial
.
They
have
petitioned
the
court
for
a
retrial
.
From
Middle
English
petitounen
,
from
Old
French
peticionner
,
based
on
Latin
petere
“
to
seek
.”
noun
a
formal
document
submitted
to
a
court
asking
for
a
legal
decision
or
order
•
The
lawyer
filed
a
petition
for
bankruptcy
on
behalf
of
her
client
.
The
lawyer
filed
a
petition
for
bankruptcy
on
behalf
of
her
client
.
•
The
defense
submitted
a
petition
to
dismiss
the
charges
.
The
defense
submitted
a
petition
to
dismiss
the
charges
.
From
Latin
petitio
“
a
request
,”
entering
English
legal
vocabulary
via
Anglo-French
petition
.
noun
a
sincere
prayer
or
earnest
request
made
to
a
deity
or
higher
power
•
The
congregation
offered
a
silent
petition
for
peace
.
The
congregation
offered
a
silent
petition
for
peace
.
•
Her
nightly
petitions
gave
her
comfort
during
hard
times
.
Her
nightly
petitions
gave
her
comfort
during
hard
times
.
Sense
developed
from
Latin
petitio
through
Middle
English
,
extending
“
request
”
to
spiritual
appeals
.
metaphor
noun
-
metaphor
a
way
of
describing
one
thing
by
saying
it
is
something
else
with
similar
qualities
,
helping
people
understand
or
imagine
it
better
•
The
literature
professor
explained
that
great
poems
often
rely
on
metaphor
to
create
strong
images
.
The
literature
professor
explained
that
great
poems
often
rely
on
metaphor
to
create
strong
images
.
•
Good
speeches
mix
facts
with
metaphor
to
keep
the
audience
engaged
.
Good
speeches
mix
facts
with
metaphor
to
keep
the
audience
engaged
.
Late
15th
century
:
from
French
métaphore
,
via
Latin
from
Greek
metaphora
‘
transference
’,
from
metapherein
‘
to
transfer
’.
noun
a
specific
word
,
phrase
,
or
image
that
describes
something
by
stating
it
is
something
else
to
suggest
a
likeness
•
In
the
phrase
“
time
is
money
,”
the
metaphor
compares
hours
to
coins
.
In
the
phrase
“
time
is
money
,”
the
metaphor
compares
hours
to
coins
.
•
“
The
city
is
a
jungle
”
is
a
powerful
metaphor
for
urban
chaos
.
“
The
city
is
a
jungle
”
is
a
powerful
metaphor
for
urban
chaos
.
Late
15th
century
:
from
French
métaphore
,
via
Latin
from
Greek
metaphora
‘
transference
’,
from
metapherein
‘
to
transfer
’.
Eternal
noun
-
Eternal
(
literary
)
a
name
for
God
or
a
supreme
being
who
exists
forever
•
The
pilgrims
knelt
and
prayed
to
the
Eternal
for
mercy
.
The
pilgrims
knelt
and
prayed
to
the
Eternal
for
mercy
.
•
The
poet
spoke
of
the
Eternal
guiding
all
human
destiny
.
The
poet
spoke
of
the
Eternal
guiding
all
human
destiny
.