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make
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
create
,
build
,
or
put
something
together
so
that
it
exists
•
Emma
made
a
colorful
card
for
her
grandma
’
s
birthday
.
Emma
made
a
colorful
card
for
her
grandma
’
s
birthday
.
•
The
carpenter
made
a
sturdy
wooden
chair
in
his
workshop
.
The
carpenter
made
a
sturdy
wooden
chair
in
his
workshop
.
Old
English
“
macian
”
meaning
“
to
build
,
create
,
or
do
”.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
cause
someone
or
something
to
do
or
become
something
•
Funny
stories
make
the
children
laugh
.
Funny
stories
make
the
children
laugh
.
•
Cold
wind
made
my
hands
numb
.
Cold
wind
made
my
hands
numb
.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
earn
or
receive
money
,
especially
as
income
or
profit
•
She
makes
$20
an
hour
at
the
bookstore
.
She
makes
$20
an
hour
at
the
bookstore
.
•
The
movie
made
millions
at
the
box
office
.
The
movie
made
millions
at
the
box
office
.
verb
-
make
,
making
,
makes
,
made
to
manage
to
reach
or
attend
something
in
time
•
Did
you
make
the
last
train
home
?
Did
you
make
the
last
train
home
?
•
I
can
’
t
make
the
meeting
tomorrow
morning
.
I
can
’
t
make
the
meeting
tomorrow
morning
.
noun
the
brand
or
company
that
produced
a
product
,
especially
a
car
•
Her
first
car
was
a
2010
model
of
the
same
make
as
mine
.
Her
first
car
was
a
2010
model
of
the
same
make
as
mine
.
•
Mechanics
often
know
every
bolt
in
a
particular
make
and
model
.
Mechanics
often
know
every
bolt
in
a
particular
make
and
model
.
man
noun
-
man
,
men
a
grown
male
person
,
not
a
boy
•
A
friendly
man
held
the
door
open
for
Maya
.
A
friendly
man
held
the
door
open
for
Maya
.
•
The
old
man
told
stories
about
the
sea
.
The
old
man
told
stories
about
the
sea
.
Old
English
mann
,
originally
meaning
a
human
being
regardless
of
gender
;
later
specialized
to
adult
male
.
noun
-
man
all
human
beings
considered
together
•
Man
has
always
sought
to
explore
the
unknown
.
Man
has
always
sought
to
explore
the
unknown
.
•
Climate
change
is
a
challenge
that
man
must
face
responsibly
.
Climate
change
is
a
challenge
that
man
must
face
responsibly
.
Same
root
as
Sense
1
;
the
collective
meaning
survives
from
the
original
gender-neutral
use
.
noun
-
man
,
men
a
playing
piece
used
in
board
games
such
as
chess
,
checkers
,
or
backgammon
•
Hannah
crowned
her
last
man
and
won
the
game
of
checkers
.
Hannah
crowned
her
last
man
and
won
the
game
of
checkers
.
•
A
captured
man
is
removed
from
the
board
immediately
.
A
captured
man
is
removed
from
the
board
immediately
.
Extended
sense
from
the
idea
of
each
piece
representing
a
person
in
battle-like
board
games
.
interjection
used
to
express
surprise
,
admiration
,
frustration
,
or
other
strong
feelings
(
informal
)
•
Man
!
That
movie
was
amazing
.
Man
!
That
movie
was
amazing
.
•
Man
,
I
totally
forgot
my
keys
.
Man
,
I
totally
forgot
my
keys
.
Developed
mid-20th
century
in
American
slang
,
probably
from
addressing
a
friend
as
“
man
”.
verb
-
man
,
manning
,
mans
,
manned
to
staff
or
operate
a
place
,
vehicle
,
or
piece
of
equipment
,
especially
during
a
period
of
duty
•
Two
engineers
man
the
control
room
during
each
night
shift
.
Two
engineers
man
the
control
room
during
each
night
shift
.
•
Soldiers
were
ordered
to
man
the
watchtowers
.
Soldiers
were
ordered
to
man
the
watchtowers
.
From
the
noun
,
originally
meaning
‘
to
furnish
with
men
’.
Earliest
recorded
use
in
the
14th
century
.
many
determiner
-
many
,
more
,
most
a
large
number
of
;
more
than
a
few
•
There
are
many
stars
visible
in
the
clear
night
sky
.
There
are
many
stars
visible
in
the
clear
night
sky
.
•
She
has
read
many
interesting
books
this
summer
.
She
has
read
many
interesting
books
this
summer
.
may
verb
-
may
,
might
used
to
express
possibility
,
permission
,
or
a
polite
request
•
You
may
leave
once
your
work
is
finished
.
You
may
leave
once
your
work
is
finished
.
•
It
may
rain
this
afternoon
,
so
bring
an
umbrella
.
It
may
rain
this
afternoon
,
so
bring
an
umbrella
.
Old
English
mæg
(
can
,
am
able
),
from
Proto-Germanic
*magan
;
related
to
German
mögen
and
Dutch
mogen
.
verb
-
may
,
might
used
to
say
that
something
is
possible
but
not
certain
•
It
may
rain
later
,
so
take
an
umbrella
.
It
may
rain
later
,
so
take
an
umbrella
.
•
The
keys
may
be
in
your
backpack
.
The
keys
may
be
in
your
backpack
.
verb
-
may
,
might
used
to
politely
ask
for
or
give
permission
•
May
I
borrow
your
pen
?
May
I
borrow
your
pen
?
•
You
may
start
the
test
now
.
You
may
start
the
test
now
.
verb
-
may
,
might
used
in
formal
expressions
to
wish
or
hope
for
something
•
May
all
your
dreams
come
true
!
May
all
your
dreams
come
true
!
•
May
the
new
year
bring
you
joy
.
May
the
new
year
bring
you
joy
.
noun
a
hawthorn
tree
or
its
sweet-smelling
white
or
pink
blossoms
that
appear
in
late
spring
•
The
hedgerows
were
thick
with
sweet-smelling
may
.
The
hedgerows
were
thick
with
sweet-smelling
may
.
•
She
picked
a
sprig
of
may
for
the
May
Day
parade
.
She
picked
a
sprig
of
may
for
the
May
Day
parade
.
From
the
practice
of
calling
hawthorn
blossom
“
May
”
because
it
blooms
in
that
month
.
maybe
adverb
used
to
show
that
something
is
possible
but
not
certain
•
Maybe
we
can
play
football
after
school
if
it
stops
raining
.
Maybe
we
can
play
football
after
school
if
it
stops
raining
.
•
She
hasn't
answered
yet
,
maybe
she's
still
asleep
.
She
hasn't
answered
yet
,
maybe
she's
still
asleep
.
From
‘
may
’
+
‘
be
’,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
interjection
used
on
its
own
to
show
uncertainty
or
a
possible
agreement
•
“
Will
you
join
us
for
dinner
?” “
Maybe
,
I
haven't
decided
yet
.”
“
Will
you
join
us
for
dinner
?” “
Maybe
,
I
haven't
decided
yet
.”
•
“
Do
you
think
it
will
snow
tonight
?” “
Maybe
.”
“
Do
you
think
it
will
snow
tonight
?” “
Maybe
.”
Same
origin
as
the
adverb
‘
maybe
’,
later
used
as
a
standalone
reply
.
noun
an
answer
or
possibility
that
is
not
a
clear
yes
or
no
•
Inviting
Sarah
to
the
party
is
a
maybe
;
she
might
be
out
of
town
.
Inviting
Sarah
to
the
party
is
a
maybe
;
she
might
be
out
of
town
.
•
The
coach
gave
us
a
maybe
about
tomorrow's
practice
.
The
coach
gave
us
a
maybe
about
tomorrow's
practice
.
Derived
from
the
adverb
‘
maybe
’,
used
as
a
standalone
noun
since
the
late
1800s
.
market
noun
a
place
,
often
outdoors
,
where
people
come
together
to
buy
and
sell
food
,
goods
,
or
animals
•
On
Saturday
morning
,
we
walked
down
to
the
open-air
market
to
buy
fresh
vegetables
.
On
Saturday
morning
,
we
walked
down
to
the
open-air
market
to
buy
fresh
vegetables
.
•
Stalls
at
the
market
were
piled
high
with
colorful
spices
.
Stalls
at
the
market
were
piled
high
with
colorful
spices
.
Old
English
“
mearcæt
”,
from
Latin
“
mercatus
”
meaning
‘
trade
,
marketplace
’,
related
to
“
merx
” ‘
goods
’
noun
the
activity
or
system
of
buying
and
selling
goods
or
services
,
often
shown
by
prices
and
demand
•
Prices
rise
when
the
housing
market
is
strong
.
Prices
rise
when
the
housing
market
is
strong
.
•
The
coffee
market
has
been
volatile
this
year
.
The
coffee
market
has
been
volatile
this
year
.
noun
a
group
of
people
or
area
that
a
company
hopes
will
buy
its
products
•
Teenagers
are
an
important
market
for
video
games
.
Teenagers
are
an
important
market
for
video
games
.
•
The
company
hopes
to
enter
the
Asian
market
next
year
.
The
company
hopes
to
enter
the
Asian
market
next
year
.
verb
-
market
,
marketing
,
markets
,
marketed
to
promote
and
sell
a
product
or
service
by
presenting
it
to
possible
buyers
•
They
plan
to
market
the
new
phone
to
college
students
.
They
plan
to
market
the
new
phone
to
college
students
.
•
The
farmer
learned
to
market
his
cheese
online
.
The
farmer
learned
to
market
his
cheese
online
.
major
adjective
very
large
,
important
,
or
serious
compared
with
others
•
Finishing
the
bridge
was
a
major
achievement
for
the
small
town
.
Finishing
the
bridge
was
a
major
achievement
for
the
small
town
.
•
Losing
power
during
the
storm
caused
a
major
disruption
at
the
hospital
.
Losing
power
during
the
storm
caused
a
major
disruption
at
the
hospital
.
noun
the
main
subject
that
a
student
chooses
to
study
at
a
college
or
university
•
Sofia
declared
biology
as
her
major
after
taking
an
inspiring
lab
course
.
Sofia
declared
biology
as
her
major
after
taking
an
inspiring
lab
course
.
•
Changing
your
major
can
add
extra
semesters
to
your
degree
.
Changing
your
major
can
add
extra
semesters
to
your
degree
.
noun
a
student
who
is
studying
a
particular
subject
as
their
main
focus
at
a
university
•
As
a
history
major
,
Carla
spends
weekends
in
the
archives
.
As
a
history
major
,
Carla
spends
weekends
in
the
archives
.
•
Engineering
majors
formed
a
study
group
before
finals
.
Engineering
majors
formed
a
study
group
before
finals
.
noun
an
officer
in
the
army
,
air
force
,
or
marines
who
is
above
captain
and
below
lieutenant
colonel
•
The
major
inspected
the
troops
before
the
parade
.
The
major
inspected
the
troops
before
the
parade
.
•
She
was
promoted
to
major
after
ten
years
of
service
.
She
was
promoted
to
major
after
ten
years
of
service
.
noun
a
person
who
has
reached
the
legal
age
of
adulthood
,
usually
18
or
21
,
and
is
therefore
not
a
minor
•
She
becomes
a
major
on
her
eighteenth
birthday
.
She
becomes
a
major
on
her
eighteenth
birthday
.
•
Only
a
major
can
sign
that
rental
agreement
.
Only
a
major
can
sign
that
rental
agreement
.
adjective
(
music
)
relating
to
a
scale
or
key
that
has
a
happy
or
bright
sound
compared
with
minor
•
The
piece
begins
in
C
major
and
modulates
to
G
major
.
The
piece
begins
in
C
major
and
modulates
to
G
major
.
•
Many
pop
songs
use
a
major
key
to
create
an
upbeat
mood
.
Many
pop
songs
use
a
major
key
to
create
an
upbeat
mood
.
major in
verb
-
major
in
,
majoring
in
,
majors
in
,
majored
in
to
study
a
particular
subject
as
your
main
focus
at
a
college
or
university
•
Olivia
plans
to
major
in
environmental
science
.
Olivia
plans
to
major in
environmental
science
.
•
My
brother
majors
in
economics
at
college
.
My
brother
majors in
economics
at
college
.
matter
noun
a
subject
,
situation
,
or
problem
that
needs
attention
or
discussion
•
We
have
an
important
matter
to
discuss
at
the
meeting
tomorrow
.
We
have
an
important
matter
to
discuss
at
the
meeting
tomorrow
.
•
Police
are
looking
into
the
matter
of
the
missing
bicycle
.
Police
are
looking
into
the
matter
of
the
missing
bicycle
.
verb
to
be
important
or
make
a
difference
•
It
doesn
’
t
matter
if
you
’
re
late
by
five
minutes
.
It
doesn
’
t
matter
if
you
’
re
late
by
five
minutes
.
•
What
really
matters
is
that
everyone
is
safe
.
What
really
matters
is
that
everyone
is
safe
.
noun
-
matter
the
physical
substance
that
everything
in
the
universe
is
made
of
•
In
science
class
,
we
learned
that
matter
can
be
solid
,
liquid
,
or
gas
.
In
science
class
,
we
learned
that
matter
can
be
solid
,
liquid
,
or
gas
.
•
A
black
hole
has
so
much
matter
squeezed
into
a
tiny
space
that
its
gravity
pulls
in
even
light
.
A
black
hole
has
so
much
matter
squeezed
into
a
tiny
space
that
its
gravity
pulls
in
even
light
.
From
Latin
materia
“
substance
,
stuff
,
timber
,”
later
broadened
in
Middle
English
to
mean
any
physical
substance
.
noun
a
small
amount
or
length
of
time
,
distance
,
money
,
etc
.
•
The
bus
will
be
here
in
a
matter
of
minutes
.
The
bus
will
be
here
in
a
matter
of
minutes
.
•
He
finished
the
puzzle
in
a
matter
of
seconds
.
He
finished
the
puzzle
in
a
matter
of
seconds
.
noun
a
subject
,
issue
,
or
topic
that
is
being
discussed
or
dealt
with
•
The
council
discussed
environmental
matters
at
the
meeting
.
The
council
discussed
environmental
matters
at
the
meeting
.
•
Let's
move
on
to
the
next
matter
on
the
agenda
.
Let's
move
on
to
the
next
matter
on
the
agenda
.
noun
a
problem
,
difficulty
,
or
reason
for
concern
•
What's
the
matter
?
You
look
upset
.
What's
the
matter
?
You
look
upset
.
•
If
something's
the
matter
,
just
tell
me
.
If
something's
the
matter
,
just
tell
me
.
verb
to
be
important
or
have
significance
•
It
doesn't
matter
where
we
sit
;
every
seat
has
a
good
view
.
It
doesn't
matter
where
we
sit
;
every
seat
has
a
good
view
.
•
What
really
matters
is
that
you
tried
your
best
.
What
really
matters
is
that
you
tried
your
best
.
noun
-
matter
physical
substance
that
takes
up
space
and
has
mass
•
In
science
class
,
the
teacher
showed
that
ice
,
water
,
and
steam
are
all
forms
of
matter
.
In
science
class
,
the
teacher
showed
that
ice
,
water
,
and
steam
are
all
forms
of
matter
.
•
Astronomers
study
dark
matter
that
cannot
be
seen
with
ordinary
telescopes
.
Astronomers
study
dark
matter
that
cannot
be
seen
with
ordinary
telescopes
.
noun
written
or
printed
material
such
as
text
appearing
in
a
book
,
newspaper
,
or
other
publication
•
The
publisher
asked
the
designer
to
arrange
the
front
matter
of
the
book
.
The
publisher
asked
the
designer
to
arrange
the
front
matter
of
the
book
.
•
All
advertising
matter
must
be
approved
before
printing
.
All
advertising
matter
must
be
approved
before
printing
.
noun
-
matter
thick
yellow
or
green
liquid
(
pus
)
that
comes
out
of
an
infected
wound
or
eye
•
The
doctor
cleaned
the
cut
to
remove
the
matter
that
had
built
up
.
The
doctor
cleaned
the
cut
to
remove
the
matter
that
had
built
up
.
•
If
your
eye
produces
thick
matter
,
you
should
see
a
specialist
.
If
your
eye
produces
thick
matter
,
you
should
see
a
specialist
.
noun
-
matter
thick
fluid
such
as
pus
produced
by
the
body
during
infection
or
inflammation
•
The
nurse
cleaned
the
wound
,
removing
yellow
matter
from
around
the
stitches
.
The
nurse
cleaned
the
wound
,
removing
yellow
matter
from
around
the
stitches
.
•
If
the
cut
begins
to
ooze
matter
,
you
should
see
a
doctor
.
If
the
cut
begins
to
ooze
matter
,
you
should
see
a
doctor
.
main
adjective
more
important
,
larger
,
or
more
powerful
than
anything
or
anyone
else
in
the
same
group
•
The
main
road
into
the
city
is
closed
today
.
The
main
road
into
the
city
is
closed
today
.
•
Chocolate
was
the
main
ingredient
in
the
cake
.
Chocolate
was
the
main
ingredient
in
the
cake
.
From
Old
English
mægen
(
strength
,
power
),
later
sense
shift
to
“
chief
,
principal
”
in
Middle
English
.
noun
a
large
public
pipe
or
cable
that
carries
water
,
gas
,
electricity
,
or
sewage
to
many
buildings
•
A
leak
in
the
water
main
flooded
the
street
.
A
leak
in
the
water
main
flooded
the
street
.
•
Workers
are
laying
a
new
gas
main
under
the
sidewalk
.
Workers
are
laying
a
new
gas
main
under
the
sidewalk
.
Derived
from
the
adjective
sense
of
“
main
”
meaning
“
chief
,
principal
,”
applied
to
the
chief
pipe
or
cable
in
a
system
(
19th
c
.).
adverb
very
;
extremely
(
dialect
)
•
I'm
main
glad
to
see
ye
safe
and
sound
.
I'm
main
glad
to
see
ye
safe
and
sound
.
•
The
winter
was
main
cold
up
in
the
hills
.
The
winter
was
main
cold
up
in
the
hills
.
Scots
and
Northern
English
dialect
form
of
“
mighty
”,
influenced
by
earlier
noun
sense
of
strength
.
material
noun
a
substance
that
things
are
made
from
,
such
as
wood
,
metal
,
or
plastic
•
Bricks
are
a
common
building
material
around
the
world
.
Bricks
are
a
common
building
material
around
the
world
.
•
The
artist
collected
recycled
material
for
her
sculpture
.
The
artist
collected
recycled
material
for
her
sculpture
.
noun
-
material
cloth
that
is
sold
by
length
and
used
to
make
clothes
,
curtains
,
and
similar
things
•
She
chose
a
soft
cotton
material
for
the
baby's
blanket
.
She
chose
a
soft
cotton
material
for
the
baby's
blanket
.
•
Do
we
have
enough
material
to
sew
two
skirts
?
Do
we
have
enough
material
to
sew
two
skirts
?
noun
information
or
ideas
that
you
use
for
studying
,
writing
,
or
creating
something
•
The
reporter
gathered
background
material
before
the
interview
.
The
reporter
gathered
background
material
before
the
interview
.
•
Our
teacher
posted
extra
study
material
online
.
Our
teacher
posted
extra
study
material
online
.
noun
a
person
or
thing
considered
suitable
for
a
particular
job
,
role
,
or
purpose
•
The
coach
thinks
Mia
is
real
leadership
material
.
The
coach
thinks
Mia
is
real
leadership
material
.
•
With
his
quick
thinking
,
he's
police
material
.
With
his
quick
thinking
,
he's
police
material
.
adjective
relating
to
physical
things
that
you
can
touch
,
rather
than
to
the
mind
or
spirit
•
They
focused
on
their
material
needs
,
like
food
and
shelter
.
They
focused
on
their
material
needs
,
like
food
and
shelter
.
•
The
monk
gave
up
all
material
possessions
.
The
monk
gave
up
all
material
possessions
.
adjective
important
and
likely
to
influence
a
decision
or
result
,
especially
in
law
or
formal
situations
•
The
lawyer
said
the
witness
left
out
material
facts
.
The
lawyer
said
the
witness
left
out
material
facts
.
•
There
is
no
material
difference
between
the
two
products
.
There
is
no
material
difference
between
the
two
products
.
manage
verb
-
manage
,
managing
,
manages
,
managed
to
organize
and
control
people
,
projects
,
or
resources
•
Maria
manages
a
team
of
engineers
at
the
tech
company
.
Maria
manages
a
team
of
engineers
at
the
tech
company
.
•
The
farmer
managed
his
land
carefully
to
produce
healthy
crops
.
The
farmer
managed
his
land
carefully
to
produce
healthy
crops
.
verb
-
manage
,
managing
,
manages
,
managed
to
cope
or
get
by
in
a
situation
,
especially
when
it
is
difficult
•
Don't
worry
about
me
;
I
can
manage
on
my
own
.
Don't
worry
about
me
;
I
can
manage
on
my
own
.
•
With
only
one
backpack
,
the
traveller
managed
for
weeks
.
With
only
one
backpack
,
the
traveller
managed
for
weeks
.
verb
-
manage
,
managing
,
manages
,
managed
to
succeed
in
doing
something
,
especially
when
it
is
difficult
•
After
hours
of
searching
,
I
finally
managed
to
find
my
lost
keys
.
After
hours
of
searching
,
I
finally
managed
to
find
my
lost
keys
.
•
She
managed
to
finish
the
marathon
despite
the
heat
.
She
managed
to
finish
the
marathon
despite
the
heat
.
majority
noun
-
majority
,
majorities
More
than
half
of
the
people
or
things
in
a
group
.
•
The
majority
of
students
chose
pizza
for
lunch
.
The
majority
of
students
chose
pizza
for
lunch
.
•
A
tour
guide
explained
that
the
majority
of
desert
animals
come
out
after
dark
.
A
tour
guide
explained
that
the
majority
of
desert
animals
come
out
after
dark
.
From
Latin
maioritas
“
greater
number
”,
from
maior
“
greater
”.
noun
-
majority
,
majorities
The
number
of
votes
by
which
the
winner
’
s
total
is
greater
than
the
runner-up
’
s
.
•
She
won
the
election
with
a
majority
of
500
votes
.
She
won
the
election
with
a
majority
of
500
votes
.
•
The
reporter
announced
that
the
mayor
’
s
majority
had
increased
since
last
year
.
The
reporter
announced
that
the
mayor
’
s
majority
had
increased
since
last
year
.
Sense
developed
in
18th-century
parliamentary
usage
,
extending
the
idea
of
“
greater
number
”
to
the
numerical
margin
itself
.
noun
-
majority
,
majorities
The
age
at
which
a
person
is
legally
considered
an
adult
.
•
At
18
,
she
reached
the
age
of
majority
and
could
vote
.
At
18
,
she
reached
the
age
of
majority
and
could
vote
.
•
In
some
countries
,
majority
begins
at
21
.
In
some
countries
,
majority
begins
at
21
.
Sense
dates
from
late
Middle
English
legal
jargon
,
using
majority
to
contrast
with
minority
(
being
underage
).
maintain
verb
to
keep
something
in
good
working
order
or
in
the
same
physical
condition
through
regular
care
and
repair
•
Every
spring
,
Mia
carefully
maintains
her
bicycle
so
it
rides
smoothly
all
year
.
Every
spring
,
Mia
carefully
maintains
her
bicycle
so
it
rides
smoothly
all
year
.
•
The
janitor
maintains
the
building's
heating
system
to
prevent
breakdowns
.
The
janitor
maintains
the
building's
heating
system
to
prevent
breakdowns
.
From
Middle
English
mainteinen
,
from
Old
French
maintenir
,
from
Latin
manutenēre
“
to
hold
in
the
hand
,
keep
”,
from
manus
“
hand
”
+
tenēre
“
to
hold
”.
verb
to
continue
to
have
or
keep
at
the
same
level
,
rate
,
or
condition
•
The
school
strives
to
maintain
high
academic
standards
.
The
school
strives
to
maintain
high
academic
standards
.
•
Athletes
must
maintain
a
healthy
diet
to
perform
well
.
Athletes
must
maintain
a
healthy
diet
to
perform
well
.
verb
to
state
something
strongly
as
a
fact
;
to
assert
or
claim
•
The
scientist
maintains
that
climate
change
is
accelerating
.
The
scientist
maintains
that
climate
change
is
accelerating
.
•
She
firmly
maintained
her
innocence
throughout
the
trial
.
She
firmly
maintained
her
innocence
throughout
the
trial
.
verb
to
provide
for
the
living
expenses
of
someone
;
to
support
financially
•
He
works
two
jobs
to
maintain
his
family
.
He
works
two
jobs
to
maintain
his
family
.
•
The
scholarship
will
help
her
maintain
herself
while
studying
abroad
.
The
scholarship
will
help
her
maintain
herself
while
studying
abroad
.
marriage
noun
the
legally
and
socially
recognized
relationship
between
two
people
who
choose
to
live
together
as
partners
in
a
family
•
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
still
cook
dinner
together
every
night
.
After
ten
years
of
marriage
,
they
still
cook
dinner
together
every
night
.
•
Many
people
believe
that
trust
is
the
foundation
of
a
strong
marriage
.
Many
people
believe
that
trust
is
the
foundation
of
a
strong
marriage
.
from
Middle
English
mariage
,
from
Old
French
mariage
,
from
marier
“
to
marry
”
noun
the
ceremony
or
event
at
which
two
people
are
officially
joined
as
a
married
couple
•
Their
outdoor
marriage
took
place
under
a
blooming
cherry
tree
.
Their
outdoor
marriage
took
place
under
a
blooming
cherry
tree
.
•
We
were
invited
to
a
traditional
Hindu
marriage
in
Jaipur
.
We
were
invited
to
a
traditional
Hindu
marriage
in
Jaipur
.
sense
extended
from
the
relationship
to
the
act
or
ceremony
itself
,
first
recorded
in
late
Middle
English
noun
a
close
and
harmonious
combination
or
blending
of
two
different
things
•
The
chef
called
the
sauce
a
perfect
marriage
of
sweet
and
spicy
flavors
.
The
chef
called
the
sauce
a
perfect
marriage
of
sweet
and
spicy
flavors
.
•
The
building
’
s
design
is
a
marriage
of
traditional
stone
and
modern
glass
.
The
building
’
s
design
is
a
marriage
of
traditional
stone
and
modern
glass
.
figurative
use
attested
since
the
15th
century
,
extending
the
idea
of
joining
partners
to
the
joining
of
concepts
or
things
noun
in
certain
card
games
,
especially
pinochle
,
a
king
and
queen
of
the
same
suit
scored
together
•
He
laid
down
a
marriage
in
hearts
and
earned
extra
points
.
He
laid
down
a
marriage
in
hearts
and
earned
extra
points
.
•
Getting
a
double
marriage
can
quickly
change
the
score
in
pinochle
.
Getting
a
double
marriage
can
quickly
change
the
score
in
pinochle
.
specialized
gaming
sense
recorded
since
the
late
19th
century
,
from
the
idea
of
pairing
a
king
and
queen
management
noun
-
management
the
act
or
process
of
organizing
and
controlling
people
,
resources
,
or
situations
•
Good
management
kept
the
project
on
schedule
.
Good
management
kept
the
project
on
schedule
.
•
Efficient
water
management
allows
farmers
to
grow
crops
in
the
desert
.
Efficient
water
management
allows
farmers
to
grow
crops
in
the
desert
.
From
manage
+
-ment
,
first
recorded
in
English
in
the
16th
century
,
from
Italian
‘
maneggiare
’
meaning
‘
to
handle
’.
noun
-
management
the
people
who
direct
and
control
a
company
or
organization
•
Management
announced
a
new
bonus
policy
today
.
Management
announced
a
new
bonus
policy
today
.
•
The
workers
went
on
strike
to
pressure
management
for
better
safety
standards
.
The
workers
went
on
strike
to
pressure
management
for
better
safety
standards
.
noun
-
management
the
skill
of
planning
,
organizing
,
and
directing
effectively
•
Her
excellent
classroom
management
kept
every
student
engaged
.
Her
excellent
classroom
management
kept
every
student
engaged
.
•
Effective
money
management
can
prevent
debt
.
Effective
money
management
can
prevent
debt
.
manager
noun
a
person
whose
job
is
to
organize
and
direct
the
work
and
staff
of
a
business
,
department
,
or
project
•
After
the
store
opened
,
the
manager
greeted
customers
and
checked
that
every
shelf
was
tidy
.
After
the
store
opened
,
the
manager
greeted
customers
and
checked
that
every
shelf
was
tidy
.
•
Maria
was
promoted
to
project
manager
after
leading
the
team
to
finish
ahead
of
schedule
.
Maria
was
promoted
to
project
manager
after
leading
the
team
to
finish
ahead
of
schedule
.
From
manage
+
-er
,
originally
meaning
someone
who
handles
or
controls
something
;
recorded
in
English
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
person
who
arranges
and
oversees
the
professional
life
,
schedule
,
and
business
deals
of
a
performer
or
athlete
•
The
young
singer
thanked
her
manager
for
booking
the
sold-out
tour
.
The
young
singer
thanked
her
manager
for
booking
the
sold-out
tour
.
•
A
good
sports
manager
negotiates
contracts
and
protects
the
athlete
’
s
interests
.
A
good
sports
manager
negotiates
contracts
and
protects
the
athlete
’
s
interests
.
Extended
from
the
general
sense
of
someone
who
manages
,
applied
to
show
business
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
a
software
program
or
device
that
organizes
and
controls
a
particular
set
of
resources
,
such
as
files
,
tasks
,
or
passwords
,
on
a
computer
or
phone
•
Use
a
password
manager
to
create
strong
,
unique
passwords
for
every
website
.
Use
a
password
manager
to
create
strong
,
unique
passwords
for
every
website
.
•
The
phone
’
s
file
manager
lets
you
move
photos
into
new
folders
.
The
phone
’
s
file
manager
lets
you
move
photos
into
new
folders
.
By
extension
from
the
human
role
,
applied
to
computer
programs
in
the
late
20th
century
as
software
began
to
automate
organizational
tasks
.
machine
noun
a
piece
of
equipment
with
moving
parts
that
uses
power
to
do
a
particular
job
,
often
more
quickly
or
easily
than
a
person
can
•
The
washing
machine
suddenly
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
spin
cycle
.
The
washing
machine
suddenly
stopped
in
the
middle
of
the
spin
cycle
.
•
At
the
arcade
,
Leo
tried
every
claw
machine
but
couldn
’
t
win
a
prize
.
At
the
arcade
,
Leo
tried
every
claw
machine
but
couldn
’
t
win
a
prize
.
Borrowed
from
French
“
machine
”,
from
Latin
“
machina
”
meaning
‘
device
,
engine
,’
originally
from
Ancient
Greek
“
mēkhanē
”.
noun
a
person
or
animal
who
works
very
hard
and
continuously
,
as
if
they
never
get
tired
•
Clara
is
a
machine
—
she
finished
the
marathon
and
then
went
to
the
gym
.
Clara
is
a
machine
—
she
finished
the
marathon
and
then
went
to
the
gym
.
•
When
it
comes
to
coding
,
Marcus
is
a
machine
;
he
writes
thousands
of
lines
without
a
break
.
When
it
comes
to
coding
,
Marcus
is
a
machine
;
he
writes
thousands
of
lines
without
a
break
.
noun
a
well-organized
group
that
controls
political
decisions
and
uses
power
to
stay
in
control
,
often
in
a
city
or
party
•
The
mayor
owed
his
victory
to
the
powerful
city
machine
.
The
mayor
owed
his
victory
to
the
powerful
city
machine
.
•
Reformers
struggled
to
break
the
party
machine
that
controlled
local
jobs
.
Reformers
struggled
to
break
the
party
machine
that
controlled
local
jobs
.
verb
-
machine
,
machining
,
machines
,
machined
to
cut
,
shape
,
or
finish
something
,
especially
metal
or
wood
,
using
a
machine
such
as
a
lathe
or
mill
•
The
technician
will
machine
the
steel
block
to
precise
dimensions
.
The
technician
will
machine
the
steel
block
to
precise
dimensions
.
•
These
gears
were
machined
from
aluminum
for
extra
lightness
.
These
gears
were
machined
from
aluminum
for
extra
lightness
.
march
verb
-
march
,
marches
,
marching
,
marched
to
walk
with
firm
,
regular
steps
,
often
together
with
other
people
and
usually
toward
a
particular
place
or
goal
•
The
soldiers
marched
across
the
parade
ground
in
perfect
time
.
The
soldiers
marched
across
the
parade
ground
in
perfect
time
.
•
Thousands
of
students
marched
through
the
city
to
demand
climate
action
.
Thousands
of
students
marched
through
the
city
to
demand
climate
action
.
From
Middle
French
marcher
,
from
Old
French
marchier
,
meaning
“
to
tread
,
trample
.”
noun
-
march
,
marches
a
long
walk
with
steady
,
regular
steps
,
especially
by
soldiers
or
other
organized
groups
•
The
army
completed
a
twenty-kilometre
march
before
sunrise
.
The
army
completed
a
twenty-kilometre
march
before
sunrise
.
•
Her
feet
ached
after
the
long
protest
march
.
Her
feet
ached
after
the
long
protest
march
.
noun
-
march
,
marches
a
large
organized
walk
by
people
in
a
public
place
to
show
support
for
or
opposition
to
a
cause
•
The
women
’
s
rights
march
drew
thousands
to
the
capital
.
The
women
’
s
rights
march
drew
thousands
to
the
capital
.
•
Police
closed
several
streets
for
the
climate
march
.
Police
closed
several
streets
for
the
climate
march
.
noun
-
march
,
marches
(
archaic
)
a
border
area
between
two
countries
or
regions
•
Medieval
lords
guarded
the
northern
march
against
invaders
.
Medieval
lords
guarded
the
northern
march
against
invaders
.
•
The
tale
is
set
in
the
wild
marches
between
England
and
Wales
.
The
tale
is
set
in
the
wild
marches
between
England
and
Wales
.
Old
English
mearc
meaning
“
boundary
”
developed
into
march
in
Middle
English
to
describe
borderlands
.
marry
verb
-
marry
,
marrying
,
marries
,
married
to
join
with
someone
as
husband
and
wife
in
a
legal
or
religious
ceremony
•
After
dating
for
five
years
,
Jake
finally
asked
Emma
to
marry
him
.
After
dating
for
five
years
,
Jake
finally
asked
Emma
to
marry
him
.
•
They
decided
to
marry
on
a
quiet
beach
at
sunrise
.
They
decided
to
marry
on
a
quiet
beach
at
sunrise
.
Old
English
‘
mariȝen
’
and
Old
French
‘
marier
’,
from
Latin
‘
maritare
’
meaning
‘
to
provide
with
a
husband
or
wife
’.
verb
-
marry
,
marrying
,
marries
,
married
to
combine
two
different
things
so
they
fit
or
work
well
together
•
The
new
recipe
marries
spicy
chili
with
sweet
mango
for
a
bold
flavor
.
The
new
recipe
marries
spicy
chili
with
sweet
mango
for
a
bold
flavor
.
•
Good
design
marries
form
and
function
.
Good
design
marries
form
and
function
.
interjection
an
old-fashioned
exclamation
used
to
show
surprise
,
emphasis
,
or
agreement
•
Marry
!
That
was
a
brave
deed
,
sir
.
Marry
!
That
was
a
brave
deed
,
sir
.
•
“
Marry
,”
quoth
he
, “
I
had
not
thought
of
that
.”
“
Marry
,”
quoth
he
, “
I
had
not
thought
of
that
.”
From
Middle
English
oath
‘
by
Mary
’
referring
to
the
Virgin
Mary
;
softened
over
time
into
a
general
exclamation
.
magazine
noun
A
thin
paper
book
that
is
published
regularly
and
contains
articles
,
photographs
,
and
advertisements
for
general
reading
or
on
a
particular
subject
.
•
I
buy
a
fashion
magazine
every
month
to
see
the
latest
trends
.
I
buy
a
fashion
magazine
every
month
to
see
the
latest
trends
.
•
The
travel
magazine
had
stunning
photos
of
the
Greek
islands
.
The
travel
magazine
had
stunning
photos
of
the
Greek
islands
.
From
Middle
French
"
magasin
"
meaning
storehouse
,
later
applied
to
a
storehouse
of
printed
information
.
noun
A
television
or
radio
program
made
up
of
a
mix
of
short
news
reports
,
interviews
,
and
feature
items
on
various
topics
.
•
The
evening
magazine
covered
stories
about
local
heroes
and
new
restaurants
.
The
evening
magazine
covered
stories
about
local
heroes
and
new
restaurants
.
•
She
appears
weekly
on
a
morning
magazine
to
discuss
health
tips
.
She
appears
weekly
on
a
morning
magazine
to
discuss
health
tips
.
noun
A
detachable
container
in
a
firearm
that
holds
cartridges
and
feeds
them
into
the
chamber
.
•
The
soldier
reloaded
by
sliding
a
fresh
magazine
into
his
rifle
.
The
soldier
reloaded
by
sliding
a
fresh
magazine
into
his
rifle
.
•
Make
sure
the
magazine
is
empty
before
cleaning
the
gun
.
Make
sure
the
magazine
is
empty
before
cleaning
the
gun
.
noun
A
building
or
secure
room
where
ammunition
,
gunpowder
,
or
explosives
are
stored
.
•
The
fort
stored
its
gunpowder
in
a
stone
magazine
to
keep
it
dry
.
The
fort
stored
its
gunpowder
in
a
stone
magazine
to
keep
it
dry
.
•
An
explosion
in
the
ammunition
magazine
damaged
the
old
warship
.
An
explosion
in
the
ammunition
magazine
damaged
the
old
warship
.
master
noun
a
person
who
is
extremely
skilled
or
highly
respected
as
an
expert
in
a
particular
activity
,
craft
,
or
subject
•
After
years
of
practice
,
she
became
a
master
of
the
violin
.
After
years
of
practice
,
she
became
a
master
of
the
violin
.
•
The
chef
was
known
as
the
master
of
French
pastries
in
the
city
.
The
chef
was
known
as
the
master
of
French
pastries
in
the
city
.
From
Old
English
mægester
via
Latin
magister
meaning
‘
teacher
’
or
‘
chief
’.
noun
a
man
who
has
control
or
authority
over
people
,
animals
,
or
things
•
The
dog
waited
patiently
for
its
master
to
return
home
.
The
dog
waited
patiently
for
its
master
to
return
home
.
•
Sailors
followed
every
command
from
the
ship
’
s
master
.
Sailors
followed
every
command
from
the
ship
’
s
master
.
Same
root
as
sense
1
,
expanding
to
meanings
of
authority
during
Middle
English
.
verb
-
master
,
mastering
,
masters
,
mastered
to
learn
,
understand
,
or
control
something
so
completely
that
you
can
use
it
very
well
•
It
took
her
months
to
master
the
new
software
.
It
took
her
months
to
master
the
new
software
.
•
He
finally
mastered
the
art
of
baking
sourdough
bread
.
He
finally
mastered
the
art
of
baking
sourdough
bread
.
Verb
sense
emerged
from
the
noun
,
meaning
‘
become
master
of
’
from
Middle
English
.
noun
the
original
version
of
a
recording
,
document
,
or
file
from
which
all
copies
are
made
•
Engineers
carefully
stored
the
studio
master
to
keep
the
sound
quality
perfect
.
Engineers
carefully
stored
the
studio
master
to
keep
the
sound
quality
perfect
.
•
Always
back
up
the
project
’
s
master
file
before
making
major
edits
.
Always
back
up
the
project
’
s
master
file
before
making
major
edits
.
Technological
sense
arose
in
the
20th
century
from
‘
master
copy
’,
the
model
for
duplication
.
adjective
main
,
most
important
,
or
having
overall
control
•
The
engineer
checked
the
master
switch
before
starting
the
machine
.
The
engineer
checked
the
master
switch
before
starting
the
machine
.
•
We
need
a
master
plan
before
we
begin
the
project
.
We
need
a
master
plan
before
we
begin
the
project
.
Adjectival
use
appeared
in
the
17th
century
to
describe
things
with
commanding
importance
.
map
noun
-
map
,
mapping
,
maps
,
mapped
a
drawing
or
digital
picture
that
shows
the
positions
of
roads
,
rivers
,
cities
,
and
other
features
of
an
area
•
Layla
unfolded
a
map
to
find
the
nearest
campground
.
Layla
unfolded
a
map
to
find
the
nearest
campground
.
•
The
bus
driver
pointed
to
the
city
map
on
the
wall
and
showed
the
tourists
where
to
transfer
.
The
bus
driver
pointed
to
the
city
map
on
the
wall
and
showed
the
tourists
where
to
transfer
.
Middle
English
"
mappe
,"
from
Medieval
Latin
"
mappa
mundi
"
meaning
"
sheet
of
the
world
"
verb
-
map
,
mapping
,
maps
,
mapped
to
make
a
detailed
drawing
of
an
area
showing
its
features
•
Scientists
mapped
the
ocean
floor
using
sonar
technology
.
Scientists
mapped
the
ocean
floor
using
sonar
technology
.
•
The
city
plans
to
map
every
tree
to
improve
urban
forestry
.
The
city
plans
to
map
every
tree
to
improve
urban
forestry
.
From
the
noun
sense
:
to
‘
map
’
something
is
to
put
it
into
the
form
of
a
map
.
verb
-
map
,
mapping
,
maps
,
mapped
to
show
or
match
how
one
thing
is
connected
or
related
to
another
•
The
teacher
asked
students
to
map
each
historical
event
to
its
main
cause
.
The
teacher
asked
students
to
map
each
historical
event
to
its
main
cause
.
•
Researchers
mapped
brain
activity
to
different
emotions
in
the
study
.
Researchers
mapped
brain
activity
to
different
emotions
in
the
study
.
Extended
figurative
use
from
the
idea
of
‘
laying
out
’
relationships
as
a
map
.
noun
-
map
,
mapping
,
maps
,
mapped
in
computing
,
a
set
of
data
in
which
each
key
is
connected
to
a
specific
value
•
The
program
stores
user
IDs
and
passwords
in
a
secure
map
.
The
program
stores
user
IDs
and
passwords
in
a
secure
map
.
•
Using
a
hash
map
speeds
up
searches
because
each
key
points
directly
to
its
value
.
Using
a
hash
map
speeds
up
searches
because
each
key
points
directly
to
its
value
.
Figurative
extension
of
the
geographic
sense
,
first
used
in
computer
science
in
the
1960s
to
describe
structures
that
‘
map
’
one
item
to
another
.
married
adjective
having
a
husband
or
wife
;
in
the
state
of
marriage
•
My
sister
is
married
and
lives
with
her
husband
in
Chicago
.
My
sister
is
married
and
lives
with
her
husband
in
Chicago
.
•
Both
of
my
parents
have
been
happily
married
for
thirty
years
.
Both
of
my
parents
have
been
happily
married
for
thirty
years
.
verb
-
marry
,
marrying
,
marries
,
married
past
tense
and
past
participle
of
marry
•
Yesterday
,
the
mayor
married
the
couple
in
the
town
hall
.
Yesterday
,
the
mayor
married
the
couple
in
the
town
hall
.
•
They
have
married
three
years
after
they
met
at
university
.
They
have
married
three
years
after
they
met
at
university
.
mayor
noun
the
elected
or
appointed
person
who
leads
and
officially
represents
a
town
or
city
government
•
After
months
of
campaigning
,
Maria
was
elected
the
city
’
s
first
female
mayor
.
After
months
of
campaigning
,
Maria
was
elected
the
city
’
s
first
female
mayor
.
•
The
mayor
cut
the
ribbon
to
open
the
new
community
center
.
The
mayor
cut
the
ribbon
to
open
the
new
community
center
.
Middle
English
"
maire
",
from
Old
French
,
from
Latin
"
major
"
meaning
"
greater
",
originally
describing
the
chief
officer
of
a
municipality
.
male
adjective
relating
to
men
or
boys
,
or
to
the
sex
that
does
not
carry
or
bear
young
•
The
school
has
both
male
and
female
teachers
.
The
school
has
both
male
and
female
teachers
.
•
He
bought
a
stylish
watch
designed
for
male
customers
.
He
bought
a
stylish
watch
designed
for
male
customers
.
noun
a
man
or
boy
;
a
person
of
the
sex
that
does
not
bear
young
•
A
young
male
helped
the
elderly
woman
cross
the
street
.
A
young
male
helped
the
elderly
woman
cross
the
street
.
•
Only
one
male
applied
for
the
nursing
position
.
Only
one
male
applied
for
the
nursing
position
.
adjective
belonging
to
the
sex
that
does
not
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
,
opposite
of
female
•
The
male
lion
guarded
the
pride
while
the
females
hunted
.
The
male
lion
guarded
the
pride
while
the
females
hunted
.
•
In
many
bird
species
,
the
male
has
brighter
feathers
than
the
female
.
In
many
bird
species
,
the
male
has
brighter
feathers
than
the
female
.
From
Latin
masculus
‘
male
’,
influenced
in
spelling
by
French
mâle
.
noun
a
person
or
animal
that
belongs
to
the
male
sex
,
such
as
a
man
,
boy
,
or
male
creature
•
A
young
male
crossed
the
street
carrying
a
backpack
.
A
young
male
crossed
the
street
carrying
a
backpack
.
•
Researchers
observed
that
older
males
fought
more
for
territory
.
Researchers
observed
that
older
males
fought
more
for
territory
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
from
Latin
masculus
‘
male
’.
adjective
(
biology
)
describing
an
animal
or
plant
that
produces
sperm
or
pollen
rather
than
eggs
or
ovules
•
The
gardener
planted
a
male
holly
tree
next
to
a
female
one
to
ensure
berries
form
.
The
gardener
planted
a
male
holly
tree
next
to
a
female
one
to
ensure
berries
form
.
•
A
male
salmon
swims
upstream
to
fertilize
the
eggs
left
by
the
females
.
A
male
salmon
swims
upstream
to
fertilize
the
eggs
left
by
the
females
.
noun
(
biology
)
an
organism
or
part
that
produces
small
,
motile
gametes
such
as
sperm
or
pollen
•
In
mammals
,
the
male
carries
XY
chromosomes
.
In
mammals
,
the
male
carries
XY
chromosomes
.
•
The
experiment
compared
stress
hormones
in
the
male
and
female
rats
.
The
experiment
compared
stress
hormones
in
the
male
and
female
rats
.
noun
(
electronics
)
a
plug
or
connector
with
projecting
pins
designed
to
fit
into
a
female
socket
•
Plug
the
male
end
of
the
HDMI
cable
into
the
monitor
.
Plug
the
male
end
of
the
HDMI
cable
into
the
monitor
.
•
The
adapter
converts
a
male
USB
connector
to
a
female
one
.
The
adapter
converts
a
male
USB
connector
to
a
female
one
.
manner
noun
the
way
in
which
something
happens
or
is
done
•
He
greeted
us
in
a
friendly
manner
.
He
greeted
us
in
a
friendly
manner
.
•
Please
arrange
the
chairs
in
this
manner
before
the
ceremony
begins
.
Please
arrange
the
chairs
in
this
manner
before
the
ceremony
begins
.
Middle
English
manere
,
from
Old
French
maniere
,
from
Latin
manuarius
“
belonging
to
the
hand
,”
from
manus
“
hand
,”
later
generalized
to
mean
a
way
of
doing
something
.
noun
a
person
’
s
usual
style
of
behaving
or
speaking
that
shows
their
attitude
toward
others
•
Her
calm
manner
put
everyone
at
ease
during
the
meeting
.
Her
calm
manner
put
everyone
at
ease
during
the
meeting
.
•
The
doctor's
reassuring
manner
helped
the
child
relax
.
The
doctor's
reassuring
manner
helped
the
child
relax
.
noun
a
kind
or
type
of
thing
,
often
used
in
the
expression
“
all
manner
of
”
•
During
the
hike
we
saw
all manner of
colorful
birds
.
During
the
hike
we
saw
all manner of
colorful
birds
.
•
The
project
faced
all manner of
unexpected
challenges
.
The
project
faced
all manner of
unexpected
challenges
.
massive
adjective
very
large
,
heavy
,
and
solid
in
size
or
weight
•
The
castle
gate
was
a
massive
slab
of
oak
reinforced
with
iron
.
The
castle
gate
was
a
massive
slab
of
oak
reinforced
with
iron
.
•
A
massive
elephant
strolled
across
the
dusty
savanna
at
dawn
.
A
massive
elephant
strolled
across
the
dusty
savanna
at
dawn
.
From
Middle
French
massif
“
solid
,
bulky
”,
from
Old
French
masser
“
to
lump
together
”,
ultimately
from
Latin
massa
“
lump
,
mass
”.
adjective
extremely
large
in
amount
,
degree
,
or
importance
•
The
company
announced
a
massive
investment
in
renewable
energy
.
The
company
announced
a
massive
investment
in
renewable
energy
.
•
After
weeks
of
training
,
she
saw
a
massive
improvement
in
her
marathon
time
.
After
weeks
of
training
,
she
saw
a
massive
improvement
in
her
marathon
time
.
adjective
(
informal
)
very
impressive
,
exciting
,
or
excellent
•
That
concert
last
night
was
massive
!
That
concert
last
night
was
massive
!
•
Our
team
scored
a
massive
win
in
the
final
minute
.
Our
team
scored
a
massive
win
in
the
final
minute
.
adjective
(
physics
)
having
mass
,
as
opposed
to
being
massless
•
Unlike
photons
,
the
W
and
Z
bosons
are
massive
particles
.
Unlike
photons
,
the
W
and
Z
bosons
are
massive
particles
.
•
The
theory
predicts
a
yet-undiscovered
massive
scalar
field
.
The
theory
predicts
a
yet-undiscovered
massive
scalar
field
.
mark
noun
a
small
spot
,
line
,
or
stain
that
can
be
seen
on
a
surface
•
A
tiny
mark
on
the
mirror
showed
where
the
fly
had
landed
.
A
tiny
mark
on
the
mirror
showed
where
the
fly
had
landed
.
•
The
coffee
cup
left
a
round
mark
on
the
wooden
table
.
The
coffee
cup
left
a
round
mark
on
the
wooden
table
.
noun
a
number
,
letter
,
or
symbol
that
shows
how
well
someone
has
done
in
a
test
or
piece
of
work
•
Lily
was
thrilled
to
get
full
marks
on
her
spelling
quiz
.
Lily
was
thrilled
to
get
full
marks
on
her
spelling
quiz
.
•
If
you
lose
neatness
marks
,
rewrite
the
assignment
.
If
you
lose
neatness
marks
,
rewrite
the
assignment
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
make
a
visible
spot
,
line
,
or
symbol
on
something
•
Please
mark
your
name
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
Please
mark
your
name
at
the
top
of
the
form
.
•
The
tree
was
marked
with
a
red
ribbon
so
the
workers
would
not
cut
it
down
.
The
tree
was
marked
with
a
red
ribbon
so
the
workers
would
not
cut
it
down
.
noun
a
small
line
,
spot
,
or
shape
on
a
surface
that
can
be
seen
.
•
Maya
rubbed
the
table
to
remove
a
sticky
mark
left
by
the
glass
.
Maya
rubbed
the
table
to
remove
a
sticky
mark
left
by
the
glass
.
•
The
teacher
asked
who
drew
the
blue
mark
on
the
whiteboard
.
The
teacher
asked
who
drew
the
blue
mark
on
the
whiteboard
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
make
a
visible
line
,
spot
,
or
symbol
on
something
.
•
Please
mark
the
correct
answer
with
a
tick
.
Please
mark
the
correct
answer
with
a
tick
.
•
The
builder
marked
the
wall
where
the
shelf
should
go
.
The
builder
marked
the
wall
where
the
shelf
should
go
.
noun
a
written
sign
or
symbol
such
as
a
punctuation
mark
•
Every
question
sentence
needs
a
question
mark
at
the
end
.
Every
question
sentence
needs
a
question
mark
at
the
end
.
•
He
doodled
tiny
accent
marks
when
learning
French
.
He
doodled
tiny
accent
marks
when
learning
French
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
show
the
position
of
or
identify
a
place
,
event
,
or
stage
•
Flags
marked
the
finish
line
of
the
race
.
Flags
marked
the
finish
line
of
the
race
.
•
This
plaque
marks
the
spot
where
the
castle
once
stood
.
This
plaque
marks
the
spot
where
the
castle
once
stood
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
celebrate
or
show
respect
for
an
important
occasion
•
People
lit
candles
to
mark
the
festival
of
Diwali
.
People
lit
candles
to
mark
the
festival
of
Diwali
.
•
The
parade
will
mark
the
city's
200th
anniversary
.
The
parade
will
mark
the
city's
200th
anniversary
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
give
points
or
a
grade
to
someone
’
s
work
•
Mrs
.
Green
spent
the
evening
marking
essays
.
Mrs
.
Green
spent
the
evening
marking
essays
.
•
The
test
will
be
marked
by
two
independent
examiners
.
The
test
will
be
marked
by
two
independent
examiners
.
noun
a
number
or
letter
that
shows
how
well
someone
did
in
a
test
or
assignment
.
•
Sophia
was
happy
when
she
saw
a
high
mark
on
her
math
quiz
.
Sophia
was
happy
when
she
saw
a
high
mark
on
her
math
quiz
.
•
If
you
study
hard
,
your
marks
will
improve
.
If
you
study
hard
,
your
marks
will
improve
.
verb
-
mark
,
marking
,
marks
,
marked
to
show
that
something
important
is
happening
or
has
happened
.
•
Fireworks
will
mark
the
start
of
the
festival
tonight
.
Fireworks
will
mark
the
start
of
the
festival
tonight
.
•
This
year
marks
the
school's
100th
anniversary
.
This
year
marks
the
school's
100th
anniversary
.
noun
someone
chosen
by
criminals
or
tricksters
as
an
easy
victim
.
•
The
con
artist
spotted
a
tourist
as
an
easy
mark
in
the
crowd
.
The
con
artist
spotted
a
tourist
as
an
easy
mark
in
the
crowd
.
•
Pickpockets
usually
watch
for
distracted
shoppers
to
find
their
marks
.
Pickpockets
usually
watch
for
distracted
shoppers
to
find
their
marks
.
match
noun
-
match
,
matches
a
small
wooden
or
cardboard
stick
with
a
chemical
tip
that
lights
when
rubbed
,
used
to
start
a
fire
•
He
struck
a
match
and
lit
the
candle
during
the
blackout
.
He
struck
a
match
and
lit
the
candle
during
the
blackout
.
•
The
scout
carefully
placed
the
lit
match
under
the
pile
of
dry
twigs
.
The
scout
carefully
placed
the
lit
match
under
the
pile
of
dry
twigs
.
noun
-
match
,
matches
a
game
or
contest
between
two
individuals
or
teams
•
The
football
match
was
postponed
because
of
heavy
rain
.
The
football
match
was
postponed
because
of
heavy
rain
.
•
Their
tennis
match
lasted
nearly
three
hours
.
Their
tennis
match
lasted
nearly
three
hours
.
noun
-
match
,
matches
a
small
wooden
or
cardboard
stick
with
a
special
tip
that
catches
fire
when
rubbed
,
used
to
light
something
•
He
struck
a
match
to
light
the
campfire
.
He
struck
a
match
to
light
the
campfire
.
•
Keep
the
box
of
matches
away
from
children
.
Keep
the
box
of
matches
away
from
children
.
Late
14th-century
adaptation
from
Old
French
‘
meiche
’
meaning
“
wick
,”
later
applied
to
the
small
fire-starting
stick
.
noun
-
match
,
matches
a
person
or
thing
that
is
equal
to
or
well
suited
for
another
•
She
finally
found
a
chess
opponent
who
was
her
match
.
She
finally
found
a
chess
opponent
who
was
her
match
.
•
These
curtains
are
an
exact
match
for
the
sofa
fabric
.
These
curtains
are
an
exact
match
for
the
sofa
fabric
.
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
put
two
or
more
things
together
because
they
are
the
same
,
similar
,
or
look
good
together
•
Can
you
match
these
socks
for
me
?
Can
you
match
these
socks
for
me
?
•
The
designer
matched
the
wall
paint
to
the
rug
perfectly
.
The
designer
matched
the
wall
paint
to
the
rug
perfectly
.
noun
-
match
,
matches
a
sports
game
or
contest
between
two
teams
or
players
•
Saturday
’
s
football
match
drew
a
huge
crowd
at
the
stadium
.
Saturday
’
s
football
match
drew
a
huge
crowd
at
the
stadium
.
•
The
chess
match
lasted
nearly
three
hours
before
a
winner
emerged
.
The
chess
match
lasted
nearly
three
hours
before
a
winner
emerged
.
From
Old
French
‘
matchier
’ “
to
fight
”
and
Middle
English
‘
macche
’;
originally
meaning
“
opponent
.”
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
be
the
same
as
,
equal
to
,
or
look
good
together
with
something
else
•
Her
shoes
match
her
handbag
perfectly
.
Her
shoes
match
her
handbag
perfectly
.
•
No
other
runner
could
match
his
speed
.
No
other
runner
could
match
his
speed
.
From
Old
English
‘
mæccan
’ “
to
equal
,”
influenced
by
the
noun
senses
.
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
be
as
good
as
,
strong
as
,
or
the
same
as
someone
or
something
else
•
No
one
can
match
his
speed
on
the
track
.
No
one
can
match
his
speed
on
the
track
.
•
The
brightness
of
the
new
bulb
matched
the
old
one
perfectly
.
The
brightness
of
the
new
bulb
matched
the
old
one
perfectly
.
verb
-
match
,
matching
,
matches
,
matched
to
put
two
people
or
things
together
because
they
are
suitable
for
each
other
•
The
teacher
matched
each
student
with
a
study
partner
.
The
teacher
matched
each
student
with
a
study
partner
.
•
The
charity
matches
volunteers
with
families
in
need
.
The
charity
matches
volunteers
with
families
in
need
.
Derived
from
the
idea
of
making
two
equal
halves
,
first
recorded
in
16th-century
English
.
mad
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
feeling
or
showing
strong
anger
•
Mom
got
mad
when
she
saw
the
muddy
footprints
on
the
clean
floor
.
Mom
got
mad
when
she
saw
the
muddy
footprints
on
the
clean
floor
.
•
I
was
still
mad
at
my
friend
,
so
I
didn
’
t
answer
his
texts
all
day
.
I
was
still
mad
at
my
friend
,
so
I
didn
’
t
answer
his
texts
all
day
.
Old
English
"
gemǣd
"
meaning
"
out
of
one
’
s
mind
",
later
widening
to
anger
in
American
English
.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
mentally
ill
;
not
thinking
or
behaving
in
a
normal
,
healthy
way
•
People
once
thought
the
brilliant
inventor
was
mad
because
of
his
strange
experiments
.
People
once
thought
the
brilliant
inventor
was
mad
because
of
his
strange
experiments
.
•
The
story
is
about
a
mad
scientist
who
creates
a
time
machine
.
The
story
is
about
a
mad
scientist
who
creates
a
time
machine
.
Derived
from
Old
English
“
gemǣd
”
meaning
“
out
of
one
’
s
mind
”.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
extremely
enthusiastic
or
in
love
with
someone
or
something
•
Ellie
is
mad
about
jazz
and
goes
to
live
concerts
every
weekend
.
Ellie
is
mad
about
jazz
and
goes
to
live
concerts
every
weekend
.
•
He
’
s
absolutely
mad
about
his
new
puppy
.
He
’
s
absolutely
mad
about
his
new
puppy
.
Figurative
extension
of
“
mad
”
from
mental
disturbance
to
strong
passion
in
19th-century
British
English
.
adjective
-
mad
,
madder
,
maddest
showing
a
lack
of
good
sense
;
foolish
or
reckless
•
It
’
s
a
mad
idea
to
camp
on
the
cliff
edge
during
a
storm
.
It
’
s
a
mad
idea
to
camp
on
the
cliff
edge
during
a
storm
.
•
They
made
a
mad
dash
across
the
busy
street
without
looking
.
They
made
a
mad
dash
across
the
busy
street
without
looking
.
Sense
evolved
from
describing
mental
illness
to
describing
actions
that
appear
irrational
.
adverb
very
;
extremely
(
used
as
an
intensifier
)
•
This
new
phone
is
mad
fast
!
This
new
phone
is
mad
fast
!
•
She
was
mad
tired
after
the
double
shift
.
She
was
mad
tired
after
the
double
shift
.
Originated
in
1980s
African-American
Vernacular
English
as
an
intensifier
.
marketing
noun
-
marketing
the
activity
,
business
,
or
study
of
promoting
and
selling
goods
or
services
,
including
market
research
and
advertising
•
Good
marketing
helped
the
small
bakery
attract
many
new
customers
.
Good
marketing
helped
the
small
bakery
attract
many
new
customers
.
•
She
studied
marketing
at
university
to
learn
how
to
promote
products
online
.
She
studied
marketing
at
university
to
learn
how
to
promote
products
online
.
Derived
in
the
late
19th
century
from
the
verb
“
market
”
+
“
-ing
,”
meaning
the
process
of
taking
goods
to
market
and
later
the
broader
activity
of
promoting
and
selling
.
verb
present
participle
of
market
:
actively
promoting
or
selling
a
product
or
service
•
The
startup
is
marketing
its
new
app
directly
to
teenagers
on
social
media
.
The
startup
is
marketing
its
new
app
directly
to
teenagers
on
social
media
.
•
He
spends
every
weekend
marketing
fresh
vegetables
at
the
local
farmers'
market
.
He
spends
every
weekend
marketing
fresh
vegetables
at
the
local
farmers'
market
.
Formed
from
the
verb
“
market
”
+
present
participle
suffix
“
-ing
.”
mass
noun
-
mass
,
masses
a
large
amount
of
material
,
or
a
lump
without
a
clear
shape
•
A
dark
mass
of
clouds
gathered
over
the
mountains
.
A
dark
mass
of
clouds
gathered
over
the
mountains
.
•
The
kitten
batted
at
the
soft
mass
of
yarn
on
the
floor
.
The
kitten
batted
at
the
soft
mass
of
yarn
on
the
floor
.
From
Latin
massa
“
kneaded
dough
,
lump
”,
via
Old
French
masse
.
noun
-
mass
,
masses
a
large
amount
,
pile
,
or
crowd
of
things
or
people
that
looks
like
one
big
lump
•
A
mass
of
dark
clouds
gathered
over
the
city
,
blocking
the
afternoon
sun
.
A
mass
of
dark
clouds
gathered
over
the
city
,
blocking
the
afternoon
sun
.
•
The
children
formed
a
mass
of
tangled
arms
and
legs
on
the
playground
slide
.
The
children
formed
a
mass
of
tangled
arms
and
legs
on
the
playground
slide
.
From
Latin
massa
“
dough
,
lump
,”
later
“
bulk
,
quantity
.”
adjective
affecting
,
produced
for
,
or
involving
a
very
large
number
of
people
•
The
new
factory
allowed
mass
production
of
affordable
bicycles
.
The
new
factory
allowed
mass
production
of
affordable
bicycles
.
•
Advertisers
used
social
media
for
a
mass
campaign
.
Advertisers
used
social
media
for
a
mass
campaign
.
Adjectival
use
grew
in
the
early
20th
century
from
the
noun
sense
of
a
large
crowd
.
noun
-
mass
,
masses
in
physics
,
the
amount
of
matter
in
an
object
,
usually
measured
in
kilograms
•
The
Moon
’
s
mass
is
only
about
one-eighth
of
Earth
’
s
.
The
Moon
’
s
mass
is
only
about
one-eighth
of
Earth
’
s
.
•
To
calculate
force
,
multiply
an
object
’
s
mass
by
its
acceleration
.
To
calculate
force
,
multiply
an
object
’
s
mass
by
its
acceleration
.
Adopted
by
scientists
in
the
17th
century
to
name
the
measurable
property
of
matter
.
adjective
relating
to
or
involving
a
large
number
of
people
or
things
at
the
same
time
•
The
government
launched
a
mass
vaccination
program
.
The
government
launched
a
mass
vaccination
program
.
•
They
organized
a
mass
wedding
for
fifty
couples
at
the
stadium
.
They
organized
a
mass
wedding
for
fifty
couples
at
the
stadium
.
Adjective
use
grew
in
the
early
20th
century
from
the
noun
sense
‘
large
group
’.
noun
-
mass
in
physics
,
the
amount
of
matter
something
contains
,
measured
in
units
like
kilograms
•
The
Earth
’
s
mass
is
so
great
that
it
pulls
the
Moon
into
orbit
.
The
Earth
’
s
mass
is
so
great
that
it
pulls
the
Moon
into
orbit
.
•
A
suitcase
with
more
mass
is
harder
to
lift
even
on
the
Moon
.
A
suitcase
with
more
mass
is
harder
to
lift
even
on
the
Moon
.
Borrowed
into
scientific
use
in
the
17th
century
to
translate
Latin
massa
into
the
language
of
physics
.
verb
-
mass
,
massing
,
masses
,
massed
to
gather
together
in
a
large
group
,
or
to
make
things
gather
together
•
Protesters
began
to
mass
outside
the
parliament
building
at
dawn
.
Protesters
began
to
mass
outside
the
parliament
building
at
dawn
.
•
Dark
clouds
massed
over
the
mountains
,
warning
of
a
storm
.
Dark
clouds
massed
over
the
mountains
,
warning
of
a
storm
.
Verb
sense
appears
in
the
17th
century
,
meaning
“
to
form
into
a
mass
.”
noun
-
mass
,
masses
a
large
number
of
ordinary
people
considered
together
as
one
group
•
Cheap
smartphones
have
brought
the
internet
to
the
mass
.
Cheap
smartphones
have
brought
the
internet
to
the
mass
.
•
The
new
policy
was
designed
to
appeal
to
the
mass
rather
than
to
experts
.
The
new
policy
was
designed
to
appeal
to
the
mass
rather
than
to
experts
.
Sense
extended
from
‘
large
amount
’
to
‘
large
group
of
people
’
in
the
19th
century
.
verb
-
mass
,
massing
,
masses
,
massed
to
come
together
or
gather
into
a
large
group
or
lump
•
Protesters
began
to
mass
outside
the
parliament
building
at
dawn
.
Protesters
began
to
mass
outside
the
parliament
building
at
dawn
.
•
Snow
clouds
massed
over
the
valley
,
hinting
at
a
storm
.
Snow
clouds
massed
over
the
valley
,
hinting
at
a
storm
.
Verb
use
recorded
since
the
16th
century
,
from
the
noun
meaning
‘
lump
’.
mama
noun
one
’
s
mother
,
used
especially
by
young
children
or
as
an
affectionate
form
of
address
•
After
school
,
Liam
ran
straight
into
his
mama's
arms
.
After
school
,
Liam
ran
straight
into
his
mama's
arms
.
•
“
Good
night
,
mama
.
I
love
you
,”
whispered
Zoe
before
turning
off
the
lamp
.
“
Good
night
,
mama
.
I
love
you
,”
whispered
Zoe
before
turning
off
the
lamp
.
From
baby
talk
reduplication
of
ma
,
an
early
vocal
sound
made
by
infants
,
recorded
in
many
languages
for
‘
mother
’.
interjection
a
cry
made
by
a
baby
or
young
child
when
calling
for
its
mother
•
The
toddler
reached
up
and
called
, “
Mama
!”
when
she
saw
her
mother
enter
the
room
.
The
toddler
reached
up
and
called
, “
Mama
!”
when
she
saw
her
mother
enter
the
room
.
•
Baby
Ella
cried
“
Mama
”
softly
in
her
crib
during
the
night
.
Baby
Ella
cried
“
Mama
”
softly
in
her
crib
during
the
night
.
noun
(
slang
)
an
attractive
or
stylish
woman
•
“
Check
out
that
mama
in
the
red
dress
—
she
owns
the
room
,”
said
Carlos
to
his
friend
.
“
Check
out
that
mama
in
the
red
dress
—
she
owns
the
room
,”
said
Carlos
to
his
friend
.
•
The
song
praises
a
“
hot
mama
”
who
knows
how
to
dance
.
The
song
praises
a
“
hot
mama
”
who
knows
how
to
dance
.
math
noun
-
math
short
form
of
“
mathematics
”,
the
school
subject
that
studies
numbers
,
shapes
,
and
patterns
•
Sara
studies
math
every
evening
to
prepare
for
her
final
exam
.
Sara
studies
math
every
evening
to
prepare
for
her
final
exam
.
•
Our
school
hired
a
new
math
teacher
this
year
.
Our
school
hired
a
new
math
teacher
this
year
.
Shortened
from
the
word
“
mathematics
,”
first
recorded
in
American
English
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
-
math
a
calculation
or
piece
of
reasoning
that
uses
numbers
•
If
we
split
the
bill
three
ways
,
the
math
says
each
person
pays
ten
dollars
.
If
we
split
the
bill
three
ways
,
the
math
says
each
person
pays
ten
dollars
.
•
Before
buying
the
car
,
she
did
the
math
to
see
if
she
could
afford
it
.
Before
buying
the
car
,
she
did
the
math
to
see
if
she
could
afford
it
.
verb
to
do
a
mathematical
calculation
•
This
recipe
doesn
’
t
math
for
me
;
the
amounts
seem
wrong
.
This
recipe
doesn
’
t
math
for
me
;
the
amounts
seem
wrong
.
•
He
loves
to
math
out
probabilities
during
card
games
.
He
loves
to
math
out
probabilities
during
card
games
.
mail
noun
-
mail
letters
and
packages
that
are
delivered
by
a
postal
service
•
The
mail
arrived
at
our
house
every
morning
at
nine
.
The
mail
arrived
at
our
house
every
morning
at
nine
.
•
I
found
a
birthday
card
for
you
in
the
mail
today
.
I
found
a
birthday
card
for
you
in
the
mail
today
.
Middle
English
,
from
Anglo-Norman
‘
male
’
meaning
‘
bag
’
and
later
‘
letters
carried
in
a
bag
’.
verb
to
send
a
letter
or
package
through
the
postal
service
•
I
will
mail
the
package
tomorrow
morning
.
I
will
mail
the
package
tomorrow
morning
.
•
She
mailed
her
grandparents
a
postcard
from
Rome
.
She
mailed
her
grandparents
a
postcard
from
Rome
.
From
the
noun
'mail'
;
first
used
as
a
verb
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
-
mail
messages
sent
electronically
from
one
computer
or
phone
to
another
;
email
•
Check
your
mail
—
I
just
sent
the
report
.
Check
your
mail
—
I
just
sent
the
report
.
•
Her
phone
beeped
when
new
mail
arrived
.
Her
phone
beeped
when
new
mail
arrived
.
Shortened
form
of
'electronic
mail'
,
first
used
in
the
1970s
with
early
computer
networks
.
noun
-
mail
protective
armor
made
of
many
small
metal
rings
linked
together
,
worn
in
the
past
•
The
knight's
mail
glimmered
under
the
torchlight
.
The
knight's
mail
glimmered
under
the
torchlight
.
•
Chain
mail
protected
soldiers
from
sword
cuts
.
Chain
mail
protected
soldiers
from
sword
cuts
.
Old
French
‘
maille
’
meaning
‘
mesh
of
rings
’,
from
Latin
‘
macula
’,
literally
‘
spot
,
mesh
’.
maker
noun
a
person
or
company
that
builds
,
produces
,
or
creates
something
•
The
local
maker
of
wooden
toys
won
an
award
for
craftsmanship
.
The
local
maker
of
wooden
toys
won
an
award
for
craftsmanship
.
•
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
fashion
maker
with
her
own
brand
one
day
.
She
dreams
of
becoming
a
fashion
maker
with
her
own
brand
one
day
.
From
Middle
English
maker
,
from
Old
English
macere
,
equivalent
to
make
+
-er
.
noun
the
person
who
signs
a
cheque
or
promissory
note
and
promises
to
pay
the
stated
amount
•
As
the
maker
of
the
note
,
he
is
responsible
for
repaying
the
loan
.
As
the
maker
of
the
note
,
he
is
responsible
for
repaying
the
loan
.
•
The
bank
contacted
the
maker
when
the
cheque
bounced
.
The
bank
contacted
the
maker
when
the
cheque
bounced
.
Specialized
financial
sense
arose
in
18th-century
commercial
law
,
extending
the
idea
of
‘
one
who
makes
’
to
the
person
who
‘
makes
’ (
creates
and
signs
)
a
negotiable
instrument
.
manufacturer
noun
a
person
or
company
that
makes
goods
,
especially
in
large
quantities
using
machines
•
The
car
manufacturer
announced
a
recall
of
thousands
of
vehicles
.
The
car
manufacturer
announced
a
recall
of
thousands
of
vehicles
.
•
At
the
electronics
trade
fair
,
a
young
woman
admires
a
prototype
phone
displayed
by
a
small
Taiwanese
manufacturer
.
At
the
electronics
trade
fair
,
a
young
woman
admires
a
prototype
phone
displayed
by
a
small
Taiwanese
manufacturer
.
from
manufacture
+
-er
,
first
recorded
in
the
late
17th
century
marine
adjective
living
in
,
found
in
,
or
produced
by
the
sea
•
Coral
reefs
are
home
to
many
kinds
of
marine
animals
.
Coral
reefs
are
home
to
many
kinds
of
marine
animals
.
•
Scientists
study
marine
pollution
to
protect
the
oceans
.
Scientists
study
marine
pollution
to
protect
the
oceans
.
From
Latin
marinus
“
of
the
sea
”,
from
mare
“
sea
”.
noun
a
soldier
trained
to
fight
both
on
land
and
from
ships
,
especially
in
a
navy
’
s
special
force
•
The
marine
saluted
as
the
ship
left
the
harbor
.
The
marine
saluted
as
the
ship
left
the
harbor
.
•
After
weeks
of
training
,
the
new
marine
felt
ready
for
duty
.
After
weeks
of
training
,
the
new
marine
felt
ready
for
duty
.
Shortened
from
"
marine
soldier
",
influenced
by
French
marin
“
sailor
”.
mainly
adverb
for
the
most
part
;
mostly
;
chiefly
•
The
audience
was
mainly
composed
of
college
students
.
The
audience
was
mainly
composed
of
college
students
.
•
We
grow
vegetables
mainly
for
our
own
use
.
We
grow
vegetables
mainly
for
our
own
use
.
Formed
from
the
adjective
“
main
”
meaning
“
principal
”
+
the
adverbial
suffix
“
-ly
”,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
.
magic
noun
-
magic
The
mysterious
power
that
people
believe
can
make
impossible
things
happen
by
spells
,
words
,
or
supernatural
forces
.
•
The
wise
wizard
used
ancient
magic
to
light
the
dark
cave
.
The
wise
wizard
used
ancient
magic
to
light
the
dark
cave
.
•
In
the
fairytale
,
a
unicorn's
magic
healed
the
wounded
forest
animals
.
In
the
fairytale
,
a
unicorn's
magic
healed
the
wounded
forest
animals
.
noun
-
magic
Clever
tricks
and
illusions
performed
to
entertain
people
,
making
them
think
something
impossible
has
happened
.
•
The
street
performer
pulled
a
rabbit
from
his
hat
during
his
magic
show
.
The
street
performer
pulled
a
rabbit
from
his
hat
during
his
magic
show
.
•
Ella
clapped
when
the
playing
cards
vanished
in
the
magic
act
.
Ella
clapped
when
the
playing
cards
vanished
in
the
magic
act
.
noun
-
magic
A
wonderful
quality
that
makes
something
feel
exciting
,
charming
,
or
full
of
delight
.
•
There
is
a
certain
magic
in
the
way
the
city
lights
sparkle
at
night
.
There
is
a
certain
magic
in
the
way
the
city
lights
sparkle
at
night
.
•
The
children's
laughter
brought
magic
to
the
summer
afternoon
.
The
children's
laughter
brought
magic
to
the
summer
afternoon
.
adjective
Causing
or
having
the
power
to
impress
or
delight
as
if
supernatural
;
wonderful
or
related
to
magic
.
•
She
mixed
a
magic
potion
that
glowed
green
.
She
mixed
a
magic
potion
that
glowed
green
.
•
We
had
a
magic
evening
under
the
stars
.
We
had
a
magic
evening
under
the
stars
.
verb
-
magic
,
magicking
,
magics
,
magicked
To
make
something
appear
,
disappear
,
or
change
suddenly
as
if
by
magic
.
•
The
wizard
magicked
the
door
open
with
a
wave
of
his
staff
.
The
wizard
magicked
the
door
open
with
a
wave
of
his
staff
.
•
The
teacher
magicked
an
extra
chair
from
the
storeroom
for
the
late
student
.
The
teacher
magicked
an
extra
chair
from
the
storeroom
for
the
late
student
.
mask
noun
a
covering
that
you
wear
over
your
face
to
protect
yourself
,
to
hide
who
you
are
,
or
for
fun
•
The
nurse
put
on
a
mask
before
entering
the
patient's
room
.
The
nurse
put
on
a
mask
before
entering
the
patient's
room
.
•
At
the
carnival
,
children
painted
their
own
colorful
masks
.
At
the
carnival
,
children
painted
their
own
colorful
masks
.
Borrowed
from
Middle
French
masque
,
from
Italian
maschera
,
probably
from
Latin
mascus
“
ghost
”
or
medieval
Latin
masca
.
verb
to
cover
or
hide
something
so
that
it
cannot
be
seen
,
heard
,
smelled
,
or
noticed
•
The
chef
used
strong
spices
to
mask
the
taste
of
the
bitter
medicine
.
The
chef
used
strong
spices
to
mask
the
taste
of
the
bitter
medicine
.
•
Clouds
masked
the
sun
during
the
eclipse
.
Clouds
masked
the
sun
during
the
eclipse
.
noun
a
way
of
behaving
or
speaking
that
hides
your
real
feelings
,
thoughts
,
or
character
•
Behind
his
cheerful
mask
of
jokes
,
he
felt
lonely
.
Behind
his
cheerful
mask
of
jokes
,
he
felt
lonely
.
•
Her
confidence
was
just
a
mask
for
her
nervousness
.
Her
confidence
was
just
a
mask
for
her
nervousness
.
noun
in
computing
,
a
fixed
pattern
of
bits
or
characters
used
to
select
,
block
,
or
change
parts
of
data
•
Use
a
subnet
mask
to
divide
the
network
into
smaller
segments
.
Use
a
subnet
mask
to
divide
the
network
into
smaller
segments
.
•
The
programmer
applied
a
bit
mask
to
extract
only
the
lowest
four
bits
.
The
programmer
applied
a
bit
mask
to
extract
only
the
lowest
four
bits
.
mandate
noun
an
official
order
or
rule
issued
by
an
authority
that
must
be
obeyed
•
During
the
drought
,
the
city
council
passed
a
water-use
mandate
limiting
lawn
watering
to
once
a
week
.
During
the
drought
,
the
city
council
passed
a
water-use
mandate
limiting
lawn
watering
to
once
a
week
.
•
The
airline
introduced
a
face-mask
mandate
for
all
passengers
.
The
airline
introduced
a
face-mask
mandate
for
all
passengers
.
From
Latin
mandatum
“
something
commanded
,”
from
mandare
“
to
hand
over
,
to
command
.”
noun
the
authority
voters
give
to
an
elected
government
or
leader
to
carry
out
policies
•
The
new
president
claimed
a
clear
mandate
to
reform
the
healthcare
system
.
The
new
president
claimed
a
clear
mandate
to
reform
the
healthcare
system
.
•
With
only
a
slim
majority
,
the
coalition
lacked
a
solid
mandate
for
radical
change
.
With
only
a
slim
majority
,
the
coalition
lacked
a
solid
mandate
for
radical
change
.
verb
-
mandate
,
mandating
,
mandates
,
mandated
to
order
or
require
something
by
authority
•
The
new
regulation
mandates
companies
to
report
carbon
emissions
yearly
.
The
new
regulation
mandates
companies
to
report
carbon
emissions
yearly
.
•
The
policy
mandated
a
minimum
wage
increase
for
all
workers
.
The
policy
mandated
a
minimum
wage
increase
for
all
workers
.
verb
-
mandate
,
mandating
,
mandates
,
mandated
to
give
someone
the
authority
or
power
to
act
•
The
shareholders
mandated
the
board
to
search
for
a
new
CEO
.
The
shareholders
mandated
the
board
to
search
for
a
new
CEO
.
•
The
treaty
mandates
the
commission
to
oversee
elections
.
The
treaty
mandates
the
commission
to
oversee
elections
.
noun
(
law
)
a
formal
contract
in
which
one
person
authorizes
another
to
act
on
their
behalf
•
Under
the
mandate
,
the
agent
could
negotiate
the
sale
of
the
property
.
Under
the
mandate
,
the
agent
could
negotiate
the
sale
of
the
property
.
•
The
court
examined
whether
the
mandate
had
expired
when
the
client
died
.
The
court
examined
whether
the
mandate
had
expired
when
the
client
died
.
noun
(
historical
)
a
territory
placed
under
the
administration
of
another
country
by
the
League
of
Nations
after
World
War
I
•
Syria
was
once
a
French
mandate
created
after
the
First
World
War
.
Syria
was
once
a
French
mandate
created
after
the
First
World
War
.
•
The
League
of
Nations
divided
the
Ottoman
Empire
into
several
mandates
.
The
League
of
Nations
divided
the
Ottoman
Empire
into
several
mandates
.
maintenance
noun
-
maintenance
the
regular
work
or
care
needed
to
keep
a
building
,
machine
,
or
system
in
good
condition
and
working
properly
•
The
janitor
performs
maintenance
on
the
elevators
every
month
.
The
janitor
performs
maintenance
on
the
elevators
every
month
.
•
Without
regular
maintenance
,
the
garden
fountain
quickly
filled
with
algae
.
Without
regular
maintenance
,
the
garden
fountain
quickly
filled
with
algae
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
‘
maintenance
’,
from
maintenir
‘
to
maintain
’.
noun
-
maintenance
the
money
someone
is
legally
required
to
pay
,
usually
after
a
divorce
,
to
support
a
former
spouse
or
child
•
After
the
divorce
,
he
paid
monthly
maintenance
to
help
support
his
children
.
After
the
divorce
,
he
paid
monthly
maintenance
to
help
support
his
children
.
•
Failure
to
provide
court-ordered
maintenance
can
lead
to
legal
penalties
.
Failure
to
provide
court-ordered
maintenance
can
lead
to
legal
penalties
.
Sense
of
‘
financial
support
’
developed
in
18th-century
legal
usage
,
extending
the
idea
of
sustaining
someone
’
s
living
.
margin
noun
the
empty
space
along
the
sides
,
top
,
or
bottom
of
a
printed
or
written
page
•
Emma
drew
a
bright
red
line
in
the
margin
to
remind
herself
where
to
start
the
paragraph
.
Emma
drew
a
bright
red
line
in
the
margin
to
remind
herself
where
to
start
the
paragraph
.
•
The
teacher
wrote
helpful
comments
in
the
margins
of
my
essay
.
The
teacher
wrote
helpful
comments
in
the
margins
of
my
essay
.
From
Latin
margin-
,
margo
“
edge
,
border
”.
noun
the
amount
by
which
one
number
or
amount
is
greater
than
another
•
Our
team
won
the
game
by
a
five-point
margin
.
Our
team
won
the
game
by
a
five-point
margin
.
•
Sales
rose
last
month
,
but
only
by
a
narrow
margin
.
Sales
rose
last
month
,
but
only
by
a
narrow
margin
.
Extended
figurative
sense
recorded
since
the
19th
century
.
noun
the
amount
of
money
left
after
costs
are
subtracted
from
the
selling
price
;
profit
•
The
company
’
s
profit
margin
improved
after
they
reduced
production
costs
.
The
company
’
s
profit
margin
improved
after
they
reduced
production
costs
.
•
We
need
to
set
a
higher
margin
if
we
want
to
stay
in
business
.
We
need
to
set
a
higher
margin
if
we
want
to
stay
in
business
.
Business
sense
developed
in
the
early
20th
century
from
the
idea
of
an
allowance
or
space
between
cost
and
price
.
noun
the
outer
edge
or
border
of
an
area
,
place
,
or
thing
•
Tall
pine
trees
grew
along
the
margin
of
the
lake
.
Tall
pine
trees
grew
along
the
margin
of
the
lake
.
•
A
fence
marks
the
margin
between
the
two
fields
.
A
fence
marks
the
margin
between
the
two
fields
.
Sense
of
physical
edge
is
the
oldest
,
dating
back
to
Middle
English
.
mainstream
adjective
typical
of
,
or
accepted
by
,
most
people
in
society
•
She
prefers
mainstream
fashion
sold
in
big
shopping
malls
.
She
prefers
mainstream
fashion
sold
in
big
shopping
malls
.
•
Most
people
get
their
news
from
mainstream
television
channels
.
Most
people
get
their
news
from
mainstream
television
channels
.
noun
the
ideas
,
activities
,
or
tastes
that
are
accepted
by
the
largest
group
of
people
at
a
particular
time
•
While
indie
films
often
take
risks
,
Hollywood
blockbusters
usually
aim
for
the
mainstream
.
While
indie
films
often
take
risks
,
Hollywood
blockbusters
usually
aim
for
the
mainstream
.
•
K-pop
used
to
be
niche
,
but
it
has
now
entered
the
global
mainstream
.
K-pop
used
to
be
niche
,
but
it
has
now
entered
the
global
mainstream
.
From
main
(“
principal
”)
+
stream
(“
current
,
direction
of
flow
”),
first
used
metaphorically
in
the
19th
century
for
the
dominant
course
of
opinion
.
verb
to
cause
someone
or
something
to
become
accepted
as
normal
,
especially
by
integrating
it
into
the
dominant
group
or
system
•
The
school
aims
to
mainstream
students
with
disabilities
into
regular
classrooms
.
The
school
aims
to
mainstream
students
with
disabilities
into
regular
classrooms
.
•
Streaming
services
helped
mainstream
independent
films
that
once
struggled
for
theater
space
.
Streaming
services
helped
mainstream
independent
films
that
once
struggled
for
theater
space
.
manufacturing
noun
-
manufacturing
the
business
or
process
of
making
goods
in
large
quantities
,
usually
with
machines
in
factories
•
Manufacturing
accounts
for
a
large
share
of
the
region's
economy
.
Manufacturing
accounts
for
a
large
share
of
the
region's
economy
.
•
Advances
in
robotics
have
made
manufacturing
faster
and
safer
than
ever
.
Advances
in
robotics
have
made
manufacturing
faster
and
safer
than
ever
.
From
manufacture
+
-ing
,
first
recorded
in
the
late
18th
century
as
the
gerund
form
describing
the
action
or
business
of
making
goods
.
verb
-
manufacture
,
manufacturing
,
manufactures
,
manufactured
present
participle
of
manufacture
:
actively
making
something
,
especially
in
a
factory
•
The
factory
is
manufacturing
thousands
of
solar
panels
this
month
.
The
factory
is
manufacturing
thousands
of
solar
panels
this
month
.
•
Workers
were
still
manufacturing
parts
when
the
inspector
arrived
.
Workers
were
still
manufacturing
parts
when
the
inspector
arrived
.
Verb
form
of
manufacture
,
from
French
fabriquer
,
ultimately
from
Latin
manus
(“
hand
”)
+
facere
(“
make
”).
adjective
relating
to
or
involved
in
the
business
of
making
products
in
factories
•
The
city
has
a
strong
manufacturing
base
that
attracts
investors
.
The
city
has
a
strong
manufacturing
base
that
attracts
investors
.
•
She
works
in
the
manufacturing
department
as
a
quality
engineer
.
She
works
in
the
manufacturing
department
as
a
quality
engineer
.
Attributive
use
of
the
noun
manufacturing
to
describe
things
connected
with
factories
or
industrial
production
.
makeup
noun
-
makeup
coloured
creams
,
powders
,
or
other
products
put
on
the
face
to
improve
or
change
how
someone
looks
•
Before
the
play
started
,
the
actress
carefully
applied
her
makeup
in
front
of
the
mirror
.
Before
the
play
started
,
the
actress
carefully
applied
her
makeup
in
front
of
the
mirror
.
•
He
always
removes
his
makeup
before
going
to
bed
to
keep
his
skin
healthy
.
He
always
removes
his
makeup
before
going
to
bed
to
keep
his
skin
healthy
.
From
the
verb
phrase
“
make
up
”
meaning
“
to
put
in
order
or
prepare
”,
which
later
narrowed
to
preparing
one
’
s
face
for
appearance
on
stage
in
the
late
19th
century
.
noun
-
makeup
the
combination
of
different
parts
,
qualities
,
or
substances
that
form
something
or
someone
•
Researchers
analysed
the
genetic
makeup
of
the
rare
dolphin
species
.
Researchers
analysed
the
genetic
makeup
of
the
rare
dolphin
species
.
•
The
social
makeup
of
the
city
has
changed
dramatically
over
the
last
decade
.
The
social
makeup
of
the
city
has
changed
dramatically
over
the
last
decade
.
Derived
from
the
sense
of
“
make
up
”
meaning
“
constitute
,
form
”;
first
recorded
in
the
early
1800s
.
noun
an
additional
class
,
test
,
game
,
or
amount
of
work
arranged
to
replace
one
that
was
missed
or
cancelled
•
Because
of
the
snowstorm
,
the
school
scheduled
a
makeup
class
on
Saturday
.
Because
of
the
snowstorm
,
the
school
scheduled
a
makeup
class
on
Saturday
.
•
Students
who
missed
the
quiz
can
take
a
makeup
exam
next
Monday
.
Students
who
missed
the
quiz
can
take
a
makeup
exam
next
Monday
.
Adapted
from
the
phrasal
verb
“
make
up
”
in
the
sense
of
“
compensate
for
a
deficiency
”;
became
a
noun
in
North
American
English
in
the
early
20th
century
.
mall
noun
a
large
building
or
connected
set
of
buildings
containing
many
different
shops
,
restaurants
,
and
entertainment
areas
where
people
go
to
shop
and
spend
time
together
•
After
class
,
Mia
and
her
friends
met
at
the
mall
to
grab
a
snack
and
look
at
clothes
.
After
class
,
Mia
and
her
friends
met
at
the
mall
to
grab
a
snack
and
look
at
clothes
.
•
During
the
holiday
season
,
the
mall
is
decorated
with
bright
lights
and
a
giant
tree
.
During
the
holiday
season
,
the
mall
is
decorated
with
bright
lights
and
a
giant
tree
.
From
18th-century
shortening
of
pall-mall
,
a
game
and
place
name
for
a
playing
alley
in
London
;
later
used
for
tree-shaded
promenades
and
finally
for
enclosed
shopping
centers
.
noun
a
broad
,
often
tree-lined
street
or
pedestrian
walkway
that
is
closed
to
most
traffic
and
meant
for
walking
or
public
gatherings
•
Couples
strolled
along
the
leafy
mall
as
musicians
played
soft
tunes
nearby
.
Couples
strolled
along
the
leafy
mall
as
musicians
played
soft
tunes
nearby
.
•
The
town
turned
the
old
highway
into
a
pedestrian
mall
lined
with
cafés
and
art
stalls
.
The
town
turned
the
old
highway
into
a
pedestrian
mall
lined
with
cafés
and
art
stalls
.
Originally
referred
to
the
shaded
walk
in
St
James
’
s
Park
,
London
,
which
was
named
after
the
game
pall-mall
once
played
there
.
ma'am
noun
A
polite
form
of
address
used
when
speaking
to
an
adult
woman
,
especially
one
you
do
not
know
or
who
holds
authority
.
•
The
young
male
waiter
smiled
and
asked
, "
Would
you
like
a
dessert
,
ma'am
?"
The
young
male
waiter
smiled
and
asked
, "
Would
you
like
a
dessert
,
ma'am
?"
•
A
male
police
officer
saluted
the
mayor
and
said
, "
Good
morning
,
ma'am
."
A
male
police
officer
saluted
the
mayor
and
said
, "
Good
morning
,
ma'am
."
Shortened
spoken
form
of
“
madam
”,
first
recorded
in
the
17th
century
.
mate
noun
a
person
’
s
husband
or
wife
•
My
grandmother
still
keeps
the
love
letters
she
wrote
to
her
late
mate
during
the
war
.
My
grandmother
still
keeps
the
love
letters
she
wrote
to
her
late
mate
during
the
war
.
•
Choosing
a
life
mate
is
one
of
the
most
important
decisions
anyone
makes
.
Choosing
a
life
mate
is
one
of
the
most
important
decisions
anyone
makes
.
From
Middle
English
‘
mate
’,
short
for
‘
teammate
,
companion
’,
influenced
by
Low
German
‘
gemate
’
meaning
companion
or
spouse
.
noun
informal
:
a
friend
;
a
person
you
are
on
friendly
terms
with
•
Cheers
,
mate
,
I
’
ll
buy
the
next
round
.
Cheers
,
mate
,
I
’
ll
buy
the
next
round
.
•
I
haven
’
t
seen
my
old
school
mate
in
years
.
I
haven
’
t
seen
my
old
school
mate
in
years
.
Evolved
from
earlier
sense
of
‘
companion
’,
popularized
in
British
naval
slang
and
later
general
usage
.
noun
an
animal
’
s
partner
for
breeding
•
The
female
eagle
searched
the
cliffs
for
a
strong
mate
.
The
female
eagle
searched
the
cliffs
for
a
strong
mate
.
•
Once
seahorses
find
a
mate
,
they
perform
a
graceful
dance
together
.
Once
seahorses
find
a
mate
,
they
perform
a
graceful
dance
together
.
Sense
extended
from
human
‘
spouse
’
to
general
pairing
in
the
animal
kingdom
.
verb
-
mate
,
mating
,
mates
,
mated
(
of
animals
)
to
pair
and
reproduce
•
Scientists
released
wolves
into
the
park
so
they
could
mate
and
strengthen
the
population
.
Scientists
released
wolves
into
the
park
so
they
could
mate
and
strengthen
the
population
.
•
Parrots
usually
mate
for
life
,
forming
strong
bonds
.
Parrots
usually
mate
for
life
,
forming
strong
bonds
.
Verb
use
comes
from
the
noun
‘
mate
’
meaning
partner
,
first
recorded
in
the
16th
century
for
animal
breeding
.
verb
-
mate
,
mating
,
mates
,
mated
to
fit
or
join
two
parts
so
they
match
or
connect
correctly
•
Push
the
plug
in
firmly
so
the
pins
mate
with
the
socket
.
Push
the
plug
in
firmly
so
the
pins
mate
with
the
socket
.
•
These
two
gears
are
designed
to
mate
smoothly
without
slipping
.
These
two
gears
are
designed
to
mate
smoothly
without
slipping
.
Mechanical
sense
arose
in
the
19th
century
by
analogy
with
pairing
animals
or
partners
.
noun
an
officer
on
a
ship
who
ranks
just
below
the
captain
•
The
first
mate
gave
orders
to
the
crew
as
the
storm
approached
.
The
first
mate
gave
orders
to
the
crew
as
the
storm
approached
.
•
After
years
at
sea
,
she
was
promoted
to
chief
mate
.
After
years
at
sea
,
she
was
promoted
to
chief
mate
.
Originally
a
general
term
for
‘
companion
’;
in
the
15th
century
adopted
by
sailors
for
subordinate
officers
.
noun
in
chess
,
a
position
in
which
a
player
’
s
king
is
in
check
and
cannot
escape
;
checkmate
•
With
a
clever
queen
sacrifice
,
she
forced
mate
in
three
moves
.
With
a
clever
queen
sacrifice
,
she
forced
mate
in
three
moves
.
•
After
hours
of
play
,
the
grandmaster
finally
announced
‘
Mate
’.
After
hours
of
play
,
the
grandmaster
finally
announced
‘
Mate
’.
Shortened
from
‘
checkmate
’,
which
came
via
French
from
Persian
‘
shāh
māt
’
meaning
‘
the
king
is
dead
’.
maximum
adjective
largest
or
greatest
possible
in
amount
,
size
,
degree
,
or
level
•
The
maximum
speed
limit
on
this
road
is
60
kilometers
per
hour
.
The
maximum
speed
limit
on
this
road
is
60
kilometers
per
hour
.
•
Fill
the
tank
only
to
the
maximum
level
marked
.
Fill
the
tank
only
to
the
maximum
level
marked
.
Mid-17th
century
:
from
Latin
maximum
,
neuter
of
maximus
‘
greatest
’.
noun
-
maximum
,
maxima
the
greatest
amount
,
level
,
or
number
that
is
possible
or
allowed
•
Yesterday
the
temperature
reached
a
maximum
of
35
degrees
Celsius
.
Yesterday
the
temperature
reached
a
maximum
of
35
degrees
Celsius
.
•
The
machine
stops
automatically
when
it
hits
its
safety
maximum
.
The
machine
stops
automatically
when
it
hits
its
safety
maximum
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
Latin
maximum
from
maximus
‘
greatest
’.
adverb
used
after
a
number
or
amount
to
mean
‘
at
most
’
•
You
can
stay
here
for
an
hour
maximum
.
You
can
stay
here
for
an
hour
maximum
.
•
We
will
need
thirty
minutes
maximum
to
finish
the
work
.
We
will
need
thirty
minutes
maximum
to
finish
the
work
.
Adverbial
use
developed
from
the
adjective
and
noun
senses
in
the
early
20th
century
.
marijuana
noun
-
marijuana
a
drug
made
from
the
dried
leaves
and
flowers
of
the
cannabis
plant
that
people
smoke
,
eat
,
or
vape
for
its
relaxing
or
pain-relieving
effects
•
The
doctor
explained
that
some
patients
use
marijuana
to
ease
chronic
pain
.
The
doctor
explained
that
some
patients
use
marijuana
to
ease
chronic
pain
.
•
Police
found
bags
of
marijuana
hidden
in
the
car's
trunk
.
Police
found
bags
of
marijuana
hidden
in
the
car's
trunk
.
Borrowed
into
English
in
the
early
1900s
from
Mexican
Spanish
“
marihuana
”
or
“
mariguana
”,
of
uncertain
origin
,
possibly
from
a
Nahuatl
word
.
more
determiner
-
many
,
more
,
most
,
much
an
additional
amount
or
number
of
something
;
extra
•
Could
I
have
more
ice
cream
,
please
?
Could
I
have
more
ice
cream
,
please
?
•
The
teacher
gave
the
students
more
time
to
finish
the
quiz
.
The
teacher
gave
the
students
more
time
to
finish
the
quiz
.
pronoun
-
many
,
more
,
most
,
much
a
greater
or
additional
quantity
of
something
already
mentioned
•
If
you
want
more
,
just
ask
.
If
you
want
more
,
just
ask
.
•
More
arrived
later
in
the
afternoon
.
More
arrived
later
in
the
afternoon
.
adjective
-
many
,
more
,
most
,
much
greater
in
amount
,
number
,
or
degree
compared
with
something
else
•
There
are
more
apples
in
this
basket
than
in
that
one
.
There
are
more
apples
in
this
basket
than
in
that
one
.
•
She
has
more
energy
than
anyone
I
know
.
She
has
more
energy
than
anyone
I
know
.
adverb
-
many
,
more
,
most
,
much
to
a
greater
degree
or
extent
;
further
•
I
wish
you
would
listen
more
carefully
.
I
wish
you
would
listen
more
carefully
.
•
The
crowd
cheered
more
loudly
as
the
team
scored
again
.
The
crowd
cheered
more
loudly
as
the
team
scored
again
.
woman
noun
-
woman
,
women
an
adult
human
female
•
The
scientist
was
the
first
woman
to
walk
on
the
moon
.
The
scientist
was
the
first
woman
to
walk
on
the
moon
.
•
A
little
girl
pointed
to
the
statue
and
said
, “
That
brave
woman
saved
our
town
!”
A
little
girl
pointed
to
the
statue
and
said
, “
That
brave
woman
saved
our
town
!”
Old
English
wīfmann
(‘
female
human
’),
from
wīf
(‘
woman
,
wife
’)
+
mann
(‘
person
’);
over
time
the
initial
consonant
sound
changed
,
and
the
plural
women
adopted
a
different
vowel
sound
.
May
noun
-
May
the
fifth
month
of
the
year
,
between
April
and
June
•
Flowers
bloom
everywhere
in
May
.
Flowers
bloom
everywhere
in
May
.
•
His
birthday
is
in
early
May
.
His
birthday
is
in
early
May
.
From
Latin
Maius
,
the
month
dedicated
to
the
goddess
Maia
.
noun
-
May
the
fifth
month
of
the
year
,
between
April
and
June
•
The
flowers
bloom
beautifully
in
May
.
The
flowers
bloom
beautifully
in
May
.
•
Her
birthday
is
in
May
.
Her
birthday
is
in
May
.
small
adjective
-
small
,
smaller
,
smallest
not
big
in
size
,
amount
,
or
importance
•
The
kitten
curled
up
in
a
small
basket
beside
the
warm
fireplace
.
The
kitten
curled
up
in
a
small
basket
beside
the
warm
fireplace
.
•
We
live
in
a
small
town
surrounded
by
green
hills
and
farms
.
We
live
in
a
small
town
surrounded
by
green
hills
and
farms
.
Old
English
smæl
“
narrow
,
slender
,
thin
,”
of
Germanic
origin
;
related
to
Dutch
smal
and
German
schmal
.
noun
the
smallest
available
size
of
a
product
,
especially
a
drink
or
snack
•
I
’
ll
have
a
small
with
extra
ice
,
please
.
I
’
ll
have
a
small
with
extra
ice
,
please
.
•
The
popcorn
comes
in
three
sizes
:
small
,
medium
,
and
large
.
The
popcorn
comes
in
three
sizes
:
small
,
medium
,
and
large
.
Derived
from
the
adjective
sense
of
“
small
,”
used
elliptically
to
denote
the
small
size
option
.
adverb
-
small
,
smaller
,
smallest
into
small
pieces
or
a
small
size
•
Cut
the
onions
small
so
they
cook
quickly
.
Cut
the
onions
small
so
they
cook
quickly
.
•
The
carpenter
planed
the
wood
small
to
fit
the
tight
corner
.
The
carpenter
planed
the
wood
small
to
fit
the
tight
corner
.
Adverbial
use
of
the
adjective
“
small
,”
recorded
since
the
17th
century
,
chiefly
in
British
English
.
information
noun
-
information
facts
or
knowledge
about
someone
or
something
that
help
you
understand
it
or
make
decisions
•
The
tourist
asked
the
receptionist
for
information
about
local
bus
routes
.
The
tourist
asked
the
receptionist
for
information
about
local
bus
routes
.
•
Before
buying
a
car
,
Elena
read
online
information
about
its
safety
ratings
.
Before
buying
a
car
,
Elena
read
online
information
about
its
safety
ratings
.
late
Middle
English
:
from
Old
French
,
from
Latin
informatio
‘
forming
,
conception
’,
from
the
verb
informare
‘
give
form
or
shape
to
’
noun
a
formal
written
statement
by
a
prosecutor
accusing
someone
of
a
crime
•
The
prosecutor
filed
an
information
against
the
suspect
in
the
county
court
.
The
prosecutor
filed
an
information
against
the
suspect
in
the
county
court
.
•
After
reviewing
the
information
,
the
judge
scheduled
a
preliminary
hearing
.
After
reviewing
the
information
,
the
judge
scheduled
a
preliminary
hearing
.
legal
sense
developed
in
16th-century
English
law
as
an
official
accusation
presented
by
a
public
officer
.
human
noun
a
person
;
any
member
of
the
species
Homo
sapiens
•
The
astronaut
looked
down
at
Earth
and
felt
proud
to
be
a
human
.
The
astronaut
looked
down
at
Earth
and
felt
proud
to
be
a
human
.
•
Dogs
and
cats
live
with
humans
in
many
homes
around
the
world
.
Dogs
and
cats
live
with
humans
in
many
homes
around
the
world
.
From
Latin
‘
humanus
’
meaning
‘
of
man
,
humane
,
cultivated
’.
noun
a
person
;
a
member
of
the
species
Homo
sapiens
.
•
The
astronaut
was
the
first
human
to
set
foot
on
Mars
.
The
astronaut
was
the
first
human
to
set
foot
on
Mars
.
•
Unlike
robots
,
a
human
can
feel
emotions
.
Unlike
robots
,
a
human
can
feel
emotions
.
From
Latin
humanus
meaning
“
of
man
,
human
”.
adjective
connected
with
or
belonging
to
people
rather
than
animals
or
machines
•
The
study
focuses
on
human
behavior
in
large
cities
.
The
study
focuses
on
human
behavior
in
large
cities
.
•
Unlike
birds
,
human
babies
cannot
walk
right
after
birth
.
Unlike
birds
,
human
babies
cannot
walk
right
after
birth
.
adjective
showing
normal
feelings
,
weaknesses
,
or
kindness
typical
of
people
•
It's
human
to
make
mistakes
,
so
don't
be
too
hard
on
yourself
.
It's
human
to
make
mistakes
,
so
don't
be
too
hard
on
yourself
.
•
Seeing
the
orphaned
puppy
,
he
felt
a
very
human
urge
to
help
.
Seeing
the
orphaned
puppy
,
he
felt
a
very
human
urge
to
help
.
adjective
relating
to
or
characteristic
of
people
rather
than
animals
,
machines
,
or
gods
.
•
Studying
human
anatomy
helps
doctors
treat
diseases
.
Studying
human
anatomy
helps
doctors
treat
diseases
.
•
Language
is
a
uniquely
human
ability
.
Language
is
a
uniquely
human
ability
.
Adjective
sense
recorded
since
the
14th
century
,
from
Latin
humanus
.
adjective
showing
normal
human
feelings
such
as
kindness
,
sympathy
,
or
imperfection
.
•
It
was
human
of
her
to
forgive
the
mistake
.
It
was
human
of
her
to
forgive
the
mistake
.
•
Feeling
nervous
before
a
speech
is
only
human
.
Feeling
nervous
before
a
speech
is
only
human
.
Extension
of
the
adjective
sense
to
moral
qualities
,
first
attested
16th
century
.
remain
verb
to
stay
in
the
same
place
or
keep
the
same
state
without
leaving
or
changing
•
After
the
fire
alarm
,
everyone
evacuated
the
building
,
but
the
security
guard
remained
inside
to
check
every
floor
.
After
the
fire
alarm
,
everyone
evacuated
the
building
,
but
the
security
guard
remained
inside
to
check
every
floor
.
•
It's
important
to
remain
calm
during
an
emergency
.
It's
important
to
remain
calm
during
an
emergency
.
Middle
English
remainen
,
from
Old
French
remaindre
,
from
Latin
remanēre
"
to
stay
back
" (
re-
"
back
"
+
manēre
"
to
stay
").
verb
to
be
left
after
other
things
or
people
have
gone
,
been
used
,
or
been
removed
•
Only
two
slices
of
pizza
remain
in
the
box
after
the
party
.
Only
two
slices
of
pizza
remain
in
the
box
after
the
party
.
•
When
the
tide
went
out
,
little
pools
of
water
remained
among
the
rocks
.
When
the
tide
went
out
,
little
pools
of
water
remained
among
the
rocks
.
verb
to
still
need
to
be
done
,
decided
,
or
discovered
•
It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
the
team
will
reach
the
final
.
It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
the
team
will
reach
the
final
.
•
Much
work
remains
before
the
bridge
can
be
opened
to
traffic
.
Much
work
remains
before
the
bridge
can
be
opened
to
traffic
.
image
noun
A
picture
,
photograph
,
drawing
,
or
other
visual
representation
of
something
.
•
I
printed
the
family
image
and
hung
it
on
the
wall
.
I
printed
the
family
image
and
hung
it
on
the
wall
.
•
The
website
loads
slowly
because
the
images
are
large
.
The
website
loads
slowly
because
the
images
are
large
.
From
Old
French
'image'
,
from
Latin
'imago'
meaning
likeness
or
picture
.
noun
A
picture
that
you
create
in
your
mind
;
a
mental
picture
or
idea
.
•
Close
your
eyes
and
form
an
image
of
a
peaceful
beach
.
Close
your
eyes
and
form
an
image
of
a
peaceful
beach
.
•
When
I
think
of
my
hometown
,
the
first
image
that
appears
is
the
old
clock
tower
.
When
I
think
of
my
hometown
,
the
first
image
that
appears
is
the
old
clock
tower
.
verb
-
image
,
imaging
,
images
,
imaged
To
form
a
picture
of
something
in
the
mind
or
to
create
a
visual
representation
of
something
by
scanning
or
photographing
.
•
Try
to
image
the
perfect
holiday
destination
.
Try
to
image
the
perfect
holiday
destination
.
•
Doctors
will
image
the
patient's
knee
with
an
MRI
scanner
.
Doctors
will
image
the
patient's
knee
with
an
MRI
scanner
.
noun
The
public
impression
that
people
have
of
a
person
,
company
,
or
organization
.
•
The
scandal
damaged
the
company's
image
.
The
scandal
damaged
the
company's
image
.
•
She
wants
to
improve
her
public
image
before
running
for
office
.
She
wants
to
improve
her
public
image
before
running
for
office
.
noun
A
digital
file
that
stores
visual
information
,
such
as
a
photo
or
graphic
on
a
computer
.
•
Save
the
logo
as
a
PNG
image
.
Save
the
logo
as
a
PNG
image
.
•
The
email
attachment
contained
three
high-quality
images
.
The
email
attachment
contained
three
high-quality
images
.
noun
Mathematics
:
the
set
of
all
output
values
produced
by
a
function
.
•
The
image
of
the
function
f
(
x
)
=x²
for
x
from
0
to
3
is
the
interval
[
0
,
9
].
The
image
of
the
function
f
(
x
)
=x²
for
x
from
0
to
3
is
the
interval
[
0
,
9
].
•
Under
a
rotation
,
every
point's
image
lies
at
the
same
distance
from
the
origin
.
Under
a
rotation
,
every
point's
image
lies
at
the
same
distance
from
the
origin
.
imagine
verb
-
imagine
,
imagining
,
imagines
,
imagined
to
form
a
picture
or
idea
in
your
mind
of
something
that
is
not
present
or
real
•
Close
your
eyes
and
imagine
a
quiet
beach
at
sunset
.
Close
your
eyes
and
imagine
a
quiet
beach
at
sunset
.
•
The
architect
could
easily
imagine
how
the
new
library
would
look
.
The
architect
could
easily
imagine
how
the
new
library
would
look
.
From
Middle
English
imaginen
,
from
Old
French
imaginer
,
from
Latin
imaginari
“
to
form
an
image
,
picture
to
oneself
”.
verb
-
imagine
,
imagining
,
imagines
,
imagined
to
think
or
believe
that
something
is
probably
true
or
will
happen
,
often
without
definite
proof
•
I
imagine
he
is
stuck
in
traffic
,
so
he'll
be
late
.
I
imagine
he
is
stuck
in
traffic
,
so
he'll
be
late
.
•
They
imagined
the
meeting
would
finish
early
,
but
it
lasted
all
afternoon
.
They
imagined
the
meeting
would
finish
early
,
but
it
lasted
all
afternoon
.
interjection
used
to
express
surprise
,
disbelief
,
or
mild
irony
•
You
just
met
the
famous
actor
in
the
elevator
?
Imagine
!
You
just
met
the
famous
actor
in
the
elevator
?
Imagine
!
•
They
finished
the
entire
project
in
one
night
—
imagine
!
They
finished
the
entire
project
in
one
night
—
imagine
!
performance
noun
an
act
of
presenting
a
play
,
concert
,
dance
,
or
other
entertainment
for
an
audience
•
The
school's
drama
club
gave
an
impressive
performance
of
“
Hamlet
”
last
night
.
The
school's
drama
club
gave
an
impressive
performance
of
“
Hamlet
”
last
night
.
•
Tickets
for
the
ballet
performance
sold
out
in
minutes
.
Tickets
for
the
ballet
performance
sold
out
in
minutes
.
from
perform
+
-ance
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
in
reference
to
carrying
out
an
act
,
later
applied
to
theatrical
shows
noun
-
performance
how
well
a
person
,
group
,
or
organization
does
a
task
or
achieves
results
•
Regular
practice
improved
his
performance
on
the
math
test
.
Regular
practice
improved
his
performance
on
the
math
test
.
•
The
coach
praised
the
team's
performance
in
the
final
.
The
coach
praised
the
team's
performance
in
the
final
.
noun
-
performance
how
well
a
machine
,
vehicle
,
or
system
works
•
Upgrading
the
memory
increased
the
computer's
performance
.
Upgrading
the
memory
increased
the
computer's
performance
.
•
High
temperatures
can
affect
engine
performance
.
High
temperatures
can
affect
engine
performance
.
noun
an
unnecessary
or
exaggerated
display
of
actions
,
often
to
attract
attention
or
show
annoyance
•
He
made
a
big
performance
about
forgetting
his
keys
.
He
made
a
big
performance
about
forgetting
his
keys
.
•
Stop
making
a
performance
—
it's
only
a
small
scratch
.
Stop
making
a
performance
—
it's
only
a
small
scratch
.
animal
noun
a
living
creature
that
is
not
a
plant
,
usually
one
that
can
move
around
and
senses
the
world
•
The
farm
had
many
animals
,
including
cows
,
sheep
,
and
chickens
.
The
farm
had
many
animals
,
including
cows
,
sheep
,
and
chickens
.
•
Please
do
not
feed
the
animals
at
the
zoo
.
Please
do
not
feed
the
animals
at
the
zoo
.
From
Latin
animal
‘
living
being
’,
from
anima
‘
breath
,
soul
’.
noun
any
living
creature
,
including
humans
,
in
scientific
classification
•
Biologists
classify
humans
as
animals
because
we
have
cells
with
a
nucleus
and
can
move
.
Biologists
classify
humans
as
animals
because
we
have
cells
with
a
nucleus
and
can
move
.
•
Movement
is
one
trait
that
separates
animals
from
plants
.
Movement
is
one
trait
that
separates
animals
from
plants
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
but
used
in
a
scientific
context
since
the
18th
century
.
noun
a
person
who
acts
in
a
wild
,
cruel
,
or
very
energetic
way
•
On
the
basketball
court
,
Tina
is
an
animal
;
she
never
stops
hustling
for
the
ball
.
On
the
basketball
court
,
Tina
is
an
animal
;
she
never
stops
hustling
for
the
ball
.
•
Don't
grab
food
from
the
pot
like
an
animal
—
use
a
spoon
.
Don't
grab
food
from
the
pot
like
an
animal
—
use
a
spoon
.
Figurative
extension
from
the
literal
sense
,
first
recorded
in
the
15th
century
to
describe
violent
people
.
normal
adjective
usual
,
typical
,
or
expected
and
not
strange
•
After
a
week
of
rain
,
it
felt
normal
to
see
the
sun
again
.
After
a
week
of
rain
,
it
felt
normal
to
see
the
sun
again
.
•
In
this
restaurant
,
waiting
ten
minutes
for
your
food
is
perfectly
normal
.
In
this
restaurant
,
waiting
ten
minutes
for
your
food
is
perfectly
normal
.
From
Latin
“
normalis
”,
meaning
"
made
according
to
a
carpenter
’
s
square
,
regular
,
usual
".
noun
the
usual
or
expected
state
of
things
•
After
months
of
repairs
,
the
town
finally
returned
to
normal
.
After
months
of
repairs
,
the
town
finally
returned
to
normal
.
•
For
her
,
waking
up
at
5
a
.
m
.
is
the
normal
,
not
the
exception
.
For
her
,
waking
up
at
5
a
.
m
.
is
the
normal
,
not
the
exception
.
Noun
developed
in
the
late
1800s
from
the
adjective
"
normal
".
March
noun
-
March
the
third
month
of
the
year
,
coming
after
February
and
before
April
•
Her
baby
is
due
in
March
.
Her
baby
is
due
in
March
.
•
In
March
,
the
cherry
blossoms
start
to
bloom
in
Tokyo
.
In
March
,
the
cherry
blossoms
start
to
bloom
in
Tokyo
.
Named
after
Mars
,
the
Roman
god
of
war
,
as
it
was
the
month
when
military
campaigns
traditionally
resumed
.
amazing
adjective
very
surprising
and
impressive
in
a
way
that
fills
you
with
wonder
or
admiration
•
The
view
from
the
mountain
top
was
amazing
.
The
view
from
the
mountain
top
was
amazing
.
•
Liam
baked
an
amazing
chocolate
cake
for
his
sister's
birthday
.
Liam
baked
an
amazing
chocolate
cake
for
his
sister's
birthday
.
From
amaze
+
-ing
,
first
used
in
the
late
16th
century
to
describe
something
that
causes
great
wonder
.
verb
-
amaze
,
amazing
,
amazes
,
amazed
present
participle
of
amaze
:
causing
someone
to
feel
great
surprise
or
wonder
•
The
street
magician
’
s
tricks
were
amazing
the
crowd
gathered
around
him
.
The
street
magician
’
s
tricks
were
amazing
the
crowd
gathered
around
him
.
•
New
inventions
are
constantly
amazing
scientists
around
the
world
.
New
inventions
are
constantly
amazing
scientists
around
the
world
.
Amaze
comes
from
Middle
English
amasen
,
from
Old
English
āmasian
“
to
bewilder
”.
The
–ing
form
developed
naturally
as
the
present
participle
.
smart
adjective
-
smart
,
smarter
,
smartest
able
to
think
,
learn
,
or
act
quickly
and
cleverly
•
My
sister
is
very
smart
;
she
solved
the
puzzle
in
minutes
.
My
sister
is
very
smart
;
she
solved
the
puzzle
in
minutes
.
•
The
smart
student
built
a
small
robot
for
the
science
fair
.
The
smart
student
built
a
small
robot
for
the
science
fair
.
adjective
-
smart
,
smarter
,
smartest
looking
neat
,
tidy
,
and
stylish
in
appearance
•
He
wore
a
smart
suit
to
the
job
interview
.
He
wore
a
smart
suit
to
the
job
interview
.
•
Put
on
something
smart
;
we're
going
to
a
fancy
restaurant
.
Put
on
something
smart
;
we're
going
to
a
fancy
restaurant
.
verb
to
feel
a
sudden
sharp
stinging
pain
•
Her
knees
smarted
after
she
slipped
on
the
gravel
.
Her
knees
smarted
after
she
slipped
on
the
gravel
.
•
The
cut
on
his
finger
still
smarts
when
he
touches
hot
water
.
The
cut
on
his
finger
still
smarts
when
he
touches
hot
water
.
smarts
noun
practical
intelligence
and
quick
thinking
ability
•
It
takes
both
strength
and
smarts
to
win
the
game
show
.
It
takes
both
strength
and
smarts
to
win
the
game
show
.
•
She
used
her
street
smarts
to
navigate
the
big
city
safely
.
She
used
her
street
smarts
to
navigate
the
big
city
safely
.
Christmas
noun
-
Christmas
the
Christian
festival
celebrated
on
25
December
to
mark
the
birth
of
Jesus
Christ
,
and
the
holiday
period
around
that
date
•
Every
year
,
our
family
gathers
for
Christmas
dinner
at
my
grandmother
’
s
house
.
Every
year
,
our
family
gathers
for
Christmas
dinner
at
my
grandmother
’
s
house
.
•
The
children
were
excited
to
open
their
presents
on
Christmas
morning
.
The
children
were
excited
to
open
their
presents
on
Christmas
morning
.
Old
English
Cristes
mæsse
“
mass
of
Christ
,”
referring
to
a
church
service
celebrating
Jesus
’
s
birth
;
over
time
it
came
to
mean
the
festival
itself
.
interjection
used
as
a
mild
exclamation
to
show
surprise
,
frustration
,
or
annoyance
•
Christmas
!
I
left
my
wallet
at
home
again
.
Christmas
!
I
left
my
wallet
at
home
again
.
•
Christmas
—
that
was
a
close
call
!
Christmas
—
that
was
a
close
call
!
Originates
from
using
the
sacred
name
in
a
non-religious
context
as
a
euphemism
for
stronger
oaths
,
attested
in
British
English
since
the
19th
century
.
climate
noun
the
typical
weather
conditions
of
a
place
over
many
years
,
including
temperature
,
rain
or
snow
,
and
winds
•
The
climate
in
the
desert
is
hot
and
dry
all
year
round
.
The
climate
in
the
desert
is
hot
and
dry
all
year
round
.
•
Scientists
warn
that
Earth
’
s
climate
is
getting
warmer
.
Scientists
warn
that
Earth
’
s
climate
is
getting
warmer
.
Late
Middle
English
from
Latin
‘
clima
’
meaning
‘
slope
,
region
’,
later
‘
weather
of
a
region
’.
noun
the
overall
feeling
,
attitude
,
or
situation
that
influences
how
people
think
and
act
in
a
particular
place
or
time
•
After
the
robbery
,
there
was
a
climate
of
fear
in
the
neighborhood
.
After
the
robbery
,
there
was
a
climate
of
fear
in
the
neighborhood
.
•
The
new
laws
created
a
positive
climate
for
investment
.
The
new
laws
created
a
positive
climate
for
investment
.
Transferred
figurative
use
recorded
from
the
mid-19th
century
,
extending
the
idea
of
regional
weather
to
describe
a
general
feeling
or
situation
.
primary
adjective
relating
to
the
first
years
of
school
for
children
,
usually
ages
five
to
eleven
•
She
teaches
primary
students
how
to
read
.
She
teaches
primary
students
how
to
read
.
•
My
daughter
will
start
primary
school
next
autumn
.
My
daughter
will
start
primary
school
next
autumn
.
adjective
more
important
than
anything
else
;
main
•
Our
primary
goal
is
to
finish
the
project
on
time
.
Our
primary
goal
is
to
finish
the
project
on
time
.
•
Safety
is
the
primary
concern
when
designing
a
playground
.
Safety
is
the
primary
concern
when
designing
a
playground
.
noun
-
primary
,
primaries
an
election
held
before
the
main
election
in
which
party
members
choose
their
candidate
•
He
won
the
Iowa
primary
by
a
large
margin
.
He
won
the
Iowa
primary
by
a
large
margin
.
•
Only
registered
party
members
can
vote
in
a
closed
primary
.
Only
registered
party
members
can
vote
in
a
closed
primary
.
damage
noun
-
damage
physical
harm
that
makes
something
less
useful
,
attractive
,
or
valuable
•
The
hailstorm
caused
serious
damage
to
the
car's
windshield
.
The
hailstorm
caused
serious
damage
to
the
car's
windshield
.
•
The
mechanic
inspected
the
engine
and
found
only
minor
damage
.
The
mechanic
inspected
the
engine
and
found
only
minor
damage
.
From
Old
French
damage
"
loss
,
injury
,"
from
Late
Latin
damnum
"
harm
,
loss
."
verb
-
damage
,
damaging
,
damages
,
damaged
to
cause
harm
to
something
so
that
it
becomes
less
useful
or
valuable
•
The
kids
accidentally
damaged
the
remote
by
spilling
juice
on
it
.
The
kids
accidentally
damaged
the
remote
by
spilling
juice
on
it
.
•
Heavy
winds
damaged
several
rooftops
during
the
storm
.
Heavy
winds
damaged
several
rooftops
during
the
storm
.
Same
origin
as
the
noun
:
from
Old
French
damage
,
from
Late
Latin
damnum
"
harm
,
loss
."
Verb
use
recorded
since
the
14th
century
.
noun
-
damage
informal
the
amount
of
money
you
must
pay
for
something
,
such
as
a
bill
•
When
the
waiter
brought
the
check
,
Jake
asked
, "
So
what's
the
damage
?"
When
the
waiter
brought
the
check
,
Jake
asked
, "
So
what's
the
damage
?"
•
Relax
,
the
damage
for
the
new
phone
case
was
only
ten
bucks
.
Relax
,
the
damage
for
the
new
phone
case
was
only
ten
bucks
.
Shifted
figurative
sense
of
monetary
cost
recorded
in
American
English
from
early
20th
century
.
demand
noun
a
firm
request
or
order
for
something
that
you
believe
you
should
receive
•
The
workers
issued
a
demand
for
higher
wages
during
the
meeting
.
The
workers
issued
a
demand
for
higher
wages
during
the
meeting
.
•
Her
sudden
demand
for
silence
surprised
everyone
in
the
classroom
.
Her
sudden
demand
for
silence
surprised
everyone
in
the
classroom
.
From
Old
French
demander
“
to
ask
,
request
,”
from
Latin
dēmandāre
“
to
hand
over
,
entrust
”.
verb
to
ask
for
something
firmly
and
insistently
•
Customers
demand
a
refund
when
the
product
arrives
broken
.
Customers
demand
a
refund
when
the
product
arrives
broken
.
•
The
teacher
demands
respect
from
her
students
.
The
teacher
demands
respect
from
her
students
.
verb
to
need
or
require
something
because
it
is
necessary
•
The
recipe
demands
fresh
ingredients
for
the
best
flavor
.
The
recipe
demands
fresh
ingredients
for
the
best
flavor
.
•
Being
a
firefighter
demands
courage
and
stamina
.
Being
a
firefighter
demands
courage
and
stamina
.
verb
to
ask
for
something
firmly
and
refuse
to
accept
no
as
an
answer
•
The
protesters
demanded
an
apology
from
the
mayor
.
The
protesters
demanded
an
apology
from
the
mayor
.
•
If
the
package
arrives
damaged
,
I
will
demand
a
refund
right
away
.
If
the
package
arrives
damaged
,
I
will
demand
a
refund
right
away
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Old
French
demander
‘
ask
’,
from
Latin
dēmandāre
‘
entrust
,
charge
’.
noun
a
firm
request
or
order
that
someone
must
obey
or
fulfill
•
The
workers
made
a
demand
for
higher
wages
.
The
workers
made
a
demand
for
higher
wages
.
•
Her
parents
rejected
his
demand
to
stay
out
past
midnight
.
Her
parents
rejected
his
demand
to
stay
out
past
midnight
.
noun
-
demand
the
desire
and
ability
of
people
to
buy
a
product
or
service
•
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
this
year
.
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
this
year
.
•
When
prices
rise
,
demand
usually
falls
.
When
prices
rise
,
demand
usually
falls
.
verb
to
need
something
as
necessary
or
make
something
required
•
This
job
demands
great
patience
and
strong
communication
skills
.
This
job
demands
great
patience
and
strong
communication
skills
.
•
Climbing
the
snowy
peak
demanded
every
ounce
of
his
strength
.
Climbing
the
snowy
peak
demanded
every
ounce
of
his
strength
.
noun
the
desire
or
need
for
a
product
or
service
,
shown
by
how
many
people
want
to
buy
it
•
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
right
now
.
There
is
a
high
demand
for
electric
cars
right
now
.
•
When
supply
drops
,
demand
often
pushes
prices
up
.
When
supply
drops
,
demand
often
pushes
prices
up
.
demands
noun
things
that
take
a
lot
of
effort
,
attention
,
or
time
•
The
demands
of
parenting
can
be
exhausting
.
The
demands
of
parenting
can
be
exhausting
.
•
College
life
places
heavy
demands
on
students'
time
.
College
life
places
heavy
demands
on
students'
time
.
female
adjective
belonging
to
or
characteristic
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
give
birth
•
The
vet
examined
the
female
dog
to
make
sure
she
was
healthy
.
The
vet
examined
the
female
dog
to
make
sure
she
was
healthy
.
•
Only
the
female
plants
produce
fruit
on
this
farm
.
Only
the
female
plants
produce
fruit
on
this
farm
.
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
‘
femella
’,
diminutive
of
‘
femina
’
meaning
‘
woman
’.
adjective
describing
a
person
,
animal
,
or
plant
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
The
female
lion
hunts
while
the
male
guards
the
pride
.
The
female
lion
hunts
while
the
male
guards
the
pride
.
•
Our
science
class
studied
how
female
flowers
develop
seeds
after
pollination
.
Our
science
class
studied
how
female
flowers
develop
seeds
after
pollination
.
noun
a
woman
,
girl
,
or
any
animal
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
A
young
female
was
elected
president
of
the
student
council
.
A
young
female
was
elected
president
of
the
student
council
.
•
The
zoo
welcomed
a
new
panda
,
a
five-year-old
female
named
Mei
.
The
zoo
welcomed
a
new
panda
,
a
five-year-old
female
named
Mei
.
noun
a
woman
,
girl
,
or
any
animal
or
plant
of
the
sex
that
can
produce
eggs
or
bear
young
•
The
wildlife
biologist
tagged
each
female
to
study
her
nesting
habits
.
The
wildlife
biologist
tagged
each
female
to
study
her
nesting
habits
.
•
One
female
and
two
male
engineers
led
the
robotics
project
.
One
female
and
two
male
engineers
led
the
robotics
project
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
from
Latin
‘
femella
’,
little
woman
.
adjective
describing
a
fitting
or
part
with
a
hollow
opening
into
which
another
(
male
)
part
is
inserted
•
Plug
the
cable
into
the
female
port
on
the
back
of
the
computer
.
Plug
the
cable
into
the
female
port
on
the
back
of
the
computer
.
•
The
lamp
uses
a
female
socket
to
hold
the
bulb
securely
.
The
lamp
uses
a
female
socket
to
hold
the
bulb
securely
.
noun
a
connector
or
fitting
with
a
hollow
opening
designed
to
receive
a
pin
or
plug
,
the
opposite
of
a
male
connector
•
Plug
the
charger
into
the
female
socket
on
the
wall
.
Plug
the
charger
into
the
female
socket
on
the
wall
.
•
The
cable
has
a
female
USB
connector
at
one
end
and
a
male
at
the
other
.
The
cable
has
a
female
USB
connector
at
one
end
and
a
male
at
the
other
.
By
analogy
with
biological
terms
,
first
recorded
in
engineering
contexts
in
the
late
19th
century
.
email
noun
a
message
sent
electronically
from
one
computer
or
device
to
another
over
the
internet
.
•
I
received
an
email
from
my
grandmother
with
old
family
photos
.
I
received
an
email
from
my
grandmother
with
old
family
photos
.
•
The
teacher
sent
a
reminder
email
about
the
homework
deadline
.
The
teacher
sent
a
reminder
email
about
the
homework
deadline
.
Formed
from
the
words
"
electronic
"
and
"
mail
"
in
the
early
1970s
as
computer
networks
allowed
messages
to
be
delivered
between
users
.
noun
-
email
the
system
or
method
of
sending
messages
electronically
over
the
internet
.
•
Email
has
replaced
most
handwritten
letters
in
daily
communication
.
Email
has
replaced
most
handwritten
letters
in
daily
communication
.
•
Because
the
village
had
no
internet
,
email
was
impossible
there
.
Because
the
village
had
no
internet
,
email
was
impossible
there
.
verb
-
email
,
emailing
,
emails
,
emailed
to
send
a
message
to
someone
using
email
.
•
Please
email
me
the
report
before
noon
.
Please
email
me
the
report
before
noon
.
•
She
emailed
the
wedding
invitations
to
all
her
friends
.
She
emailed
the
wedding
invitations
to
all
her
friends
.
ultimately
adverb
in
the
end
,
after
everything
else
has
been
done
,
tried
,
or
considered
•
After
months
of
debate
,
the
city
council
ultimately
approved
the
new
park
plan
.
After
months
of
debate
,
the
city
council
ultimately
approved
the
new
park
plan
.
•
No
matter
how
hard
the
climb
was
,
we
ultimately
reached
the
summit
at
sunset
.
No
matter
how
hard
the
climb
was
,
we
ultimately
reached
the
summit
at
sunset
.
From
Latin
ultimātus
“
last
,
final
”
+
English
adverbial
suffix
–ly
.
adverb
used
to
emphasize
the
most
basic
or
important
truth
,
cause
,
or
purpose
•
All
economic
decisions
ultimately
depend
on
supply
and
demand
.
All
economic
decisions
ultimately
depend
on
supply
and
demand
.
•
While
there
are
many
techniques
,
cooking
is
ultimately
about
balancing
flavors
.
While
there
are
many
techniques
,
cooking
is
ultimately
about
balancing
flavors
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
:
from
Latin
ultimātus
with
adverbial
–ly
,
later
extended
to
mean
“
at
the
basic
level
.”
theme
noun
-
theme
,
theming
,
themes
,
themed
the
main
subject
or
idea
that
is
repeated
and
developed
in
a
piece
of
writing
,
speech
,
film
,
painting
,
or
any
other
work
of
art
•
Courage
is
the
central
theme
of
the
novel
she
is
reading
.
Courage
is
the
central
theme
of
the
novel
she
is
reading
.
•
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
identify
the
theme
of
the
short
story
.
The
teacher
asked
the
class
to
identify
the
theme
of
the
short
story
.
From
Greek
‘
thema
’
meaning
“
proposition
,
subject
”
via
Latin
and
Old
French
.
chairman
noun
-
chairman
,
chairmen
the
person
who
leads
or
is
in
charge
of
a
meeting
,
committee
,
or
organization
•
The
chairman
called
the
meeting
to
order
at
exactly
nine
o'clock
.
The
chairman
called
the
meeting
to
order
at
exactly
nine
o'clock
.
•
After
years
on
the
board
,
she
became
the
chairman
of
the
company
.
After
years
on
the
board
,
she
became
the
chairman
of
the
company
.
From
chair
+
man
;
originally
referred
to
the
person
who
presided
over
a
meeting
while
literally
sitting
in
the
chair
at
the
head
of
the
table
.
noun
-
chairman
,
chairmen
(
historical
)
a
man
whose
job
was
to
carry
people
in
a
covered
chair
through
the
streets
•
In
18th-century
London
,
a
chairman
waited
outside
the
theatre
to
carry
wealthy
patrons
home
.
In
18th-century
London
,
a
chairman
waited
outside
the
theatre
to
carry
wealthy
patrons
home
.
•
The
novel
described
how
the
exhausted
chairman
struggled
up
the
cobblestone
hill
.
The
novel
described
how
the
exhausted
chairman
struggled
up
the
cobblestone
hill
.
In
the
17th–19th
centuries
,
sedan
chairs
were
a
common
means
of
transport
in
European
cities
;
the
men
who
carried
them
were
called
“
chairmen
.”
estimate
verb
-
estimate
,
estimating
,
estimates
,
estimated
to
form
a
rough
idea
of
the
size
,
amount
,
cost
,
or
value
of
something
without
knowing
the
exact
number
•
The
female
architect
estimated
that
the
new
bridge
would
cost
two
million
dollars
.
The
female
architect
estimated
that
the
new
bridge
would
cost
two
million
dollars
.
•
Scientists
estimate
the
dinosaur
was
as
long
as
a
school
bus
.
Scientists
estimate
the
dinosaur
was
as
long
as
a
school
bus
.
Late
Middle
English
,
from
Latin
aestimare
meaning
“
to
value
,
appraise
.”
noun
a
rough
calculation
or
judgment
of
the
size
,
amount
,
cost
,
or
value
of
something
•
Her
rough
estimate
put
the
journey
at
20
kilometers
.
Her
rough
estimate
put
the
journey
at
20
kilometers
.
•
According
to
the
latest
estimate
,
the
city
’
s
population
has
doubled
.
According
to
the
latest
estimate
,
the
city
’
s
population
has
doubled
.
noun
a
written
or
spoken
statement
that
tells
you
how
much
a
job
or
service
will
probably
cost
•
The
mechanic
gave
us
an
estimate
before
fixing
the
engine
.
The
mechanic
gave
us
an
estimate
before
fixing
the
engine
.
•
Get
three
different
estimates
before
choosing
a
moving
company
.
Get
three
different
estimates
before
choosing
a
moving
company
.
noun
a
rough
calculation
of
a
number
,
size
,
value
,
or
cost
•
The
builder
gave
us
an
estimate
for
the
cost
of
the
new
roof
.
The
builder
gave
us
an
estimate
for
the
cost
of
the
new
roof
.
•
My
rough
estimate
is
that
the
jar
holds
about
200
coins
.
My
rough
estimate
is
that
the
jar
holds
about
200
coins
.
verb
-
estimate
,
estimating
,
estimates
,
estimated
to
make
a
rough
calculation
of
a
number
,
size
,
value
,
or
cost
•
I
estimate
that
the
repairs
will
take
two
days
.
I
estimate
that
the
repairs
will
take
two
days
.
•
Scientists
estimated
the
age
of
the
fossils
at
over
100
million
years
.
Scientists
estimated
the
age
of
the
fossils
at
over
100
million
years
.
gentleman
noun
-
gentleman
,
gentlemen
a
man
who
behaves
in
a
polite
,
kind
,
and
respectful
way
toward
other
people
•
The
gentleman
opened
the
door
for
the
family
and
smiled
politely
.
The
gentleman
opened
the
door
for
the
family
and
smiled
politely
.
•
Be
a
gentleman
and
let
your
guests
take
the
first
slice
of
cake
.
Be
a
gentleman
and
let
your
guests
take
the
first
slice
of
cake
.
From
Middle
English
gentilman
,
originally
meaning
a
man
of
noble
birth
,
combining
gentle
(
noble
)
+
man
.
noun
-
gentleman
,
gentlemen
(
historical
)
a
man
of
good
social
position
,
especially
one
just
below
the
nobility
in
Britain
in
the
past
•
In
the
18th
century
,
a
gentleman
was
expected
to
live
off
his
land
and
not
work
for
wages
.
In
the
18th
century
,
a
gentleman
was
expected
to
live
off
his
land
and
not
work
for
wages
.
•
Only
those
born
into
certain
families
could
truly
call
themselves
gentleman
in
Victorian
Britain
.
Only
those
born
into
certain
families
could
truly
call
themselves
gentleman
in
Victorian
Britain
.
Sense
developed
in
the
late
Middle
Ages
;
by
the
16th
century
it
referred
to
men
entitled
to
a
coat
of
arms
,
ranking
below
the
nobility
.
German
adjective
relating
to
Germany
,
its
people
,
or
its
culture
•
We
tried
traditional
German
bread
at
the
bakery
in
Berlin
.
We
tried
traditional
German
bread
at
the
bakery
in
Berlin
.
•
Her
father
drives
a
German
car
made
in
Stuttgart
.
Her
father
drives
a
German
car
made
in
Stuttgart
.
From
Latin
Germanus
,
originally
meaning
"
of
the
same
parents
"
and
later
used
by
the
Romans
for
the
tribes
east
of
the
Rhine
.
noun
a
person
who
is
from
Germany
or
whose
family
comes
from
Germany
•
A
friendly
German
offered
to
take
our
photo
outside
the
castle
.
A
friendly
German
offered
to
take
our
photo
outside
the
castle
.
•
The
German
explained
the
train
schedule
to
me
in
perfect
English
.
The
German
explained
the
train
schedule
to
me
in
perfect
English
.
Same
origin
as
the
adjective
:
Latin
Germanus
,
used
by
Romans
for
the
tribes
east
of
the
Rhine
.
noun
-
German
the
language
spoken
in
Germany
,
Austria
,
and
parts
of
Switzerland
•
She
is
studying
German
because
she
wants
to
work
in
Munich
.
She
is
studying
German
because
she
wants
to
work
in
Munich
.
•
The
documentary
was
in
German
,
but
it
had
English
subtitles
.
The
documentary
was
in
German
,
but
it
had
English
subtitles
.
Derives
from
the
language
of
the
Germanic
tribes
,
with
a
standard
form
codified
by
Martin
Luther
’
s
16th-century
Bible
translation
.
german
adjective
(
archaic
)
closely
related
by
blood
;
having
the
same
parents
•
The
knight
faced
his
german
brother
in
the
ancient
legend
.
The
knight
faced
his
german
brother
in
the
ancient
legend
.
•
A
german
cousin
shares
both
of
your
grandparents
.
A
german
cousin
shares
both
of
your
grandparents
.
From
Middle
English
german
,
from
Old
French
germain
“
of
the
same
parents
,”
from
Latin
germānus
“
full
brother
,
own
.”
Mass
noun
-
Mass
,
Masses
the
main
Christian
worship
service
,
especially
in
the
Roman
Catholic
Church
•
The
bells
rang
to
call
everyone
to
Mass
on
Sunday
morning
.
The
bells
rang
to
call
everyone
to
Mass
on
Sunday
morning
.
•
She
lit
a
candle
after
Mass
and
stayed
to
pray
quietly
.
She
lit
a
candle
after
Mass
and
stayed
to
pray
quietly
.
From
Latin
missa
“
dismissal
,”
later
the
name
of
the
Eucharistic
service
.
noun
-
Mass
a
Christian
church
service
,
especially
in
the
Roman
Catholic
tradition
,
that
includes
Holy
Communion
•
They
go
to
Mass
every
Sunday
morning
.
They
go
to
Mass
every
Sunday
morning
.
•
The
wedding
Mass
lasted
nearly
an
hour
.
The
wedding
Mass
lasted
nearly
an
hour
.
From
Latin
missa
,
meaning
“
dismissal
,”
referring
to
the
closing
words
of
the
service
.
e-mail
noun
a
message
that
is
written
,
sent
,
and
received
electronically
over
the
internet
•
I
check
my
e-mail
every
morning
before
work
.
I
check
my
e-mail
every
morning
before
work
.
•
She
sent
me
an
e-mail
with
the
meeting
agenda
.
She
sent
me
an
e-mail
with
the
meeting
agenda
.
Shortened
form
of
electronic
mail
,
first
used
in
the
early
1980s
as
computer
networks
became
widespread
.
verb
to
send
something
,
such
as
a
message
or
file
,
to
someone
by
electronic
mail
•
Could
you
e-mail
me
the
file
by
noon
?
Could
you
e-mail
me
the
file
by
noon
?
•
She
e-mailed
her
application
to
the
university
last
night
.
She
e-mailed
her
application
to
the
university
last
night
.
Derived
from
the
noun
"
e-mail
",
with
the
first
recorded
verb
usage
appearing
in
the
late
1980s
.
command
noun
an
order
telling
someone
to
do
something
immediately
•
The
sergeant
gave
a
loud
command
for
the
soldiers
to
march
.
The
sergeant
gave
a
loud
command
for
the
soldiers
to
march
.
•
At
the
busy
intersection
,
a
female
police
officer
raised
her
hand
and
issued
a
command
for
all
cars
to
stop
.
At
the
busy
intersection
,
a
female
police
officer
raised
her
hand
and
issued
a
command
for
all
cars
to
stop
.
From
Old
French
‘
commander
’,
from
Latin
‘
commandare
’
meaning
‘
to
entrust
’
or
‘
to
order
’.
verb
to
give
an
order
to
someone
•
The
general
commanded
the
troops
to
advance
across
the
field
.
The
general
commanded
the
troops
to
advance
across
the
field
.
•
During
the
fire
drill
,
the
teacher
commanded
the
students
to
line
up
quietly
.
During
the
fire
drill
,
the
teacher
commanded
the
students
to
line
up
quietly
.
From
Middle
English
‘
commaunden
’,
from
Old
French
‘
commander
’,
from
Latin
‘
commandare
’.
noun
-
command
the
power
or
authority
to
control
people
or
things
•
After
many
years
of
service
,
she
finally
took
command
of
the
entire
company
.
After
many
years
of
service
,
she
finally
took
command
of
the
entire
company
.
•
The
ship
was
under
his
command
for
the
duration
of
the
voyage
.
The
ship
was
under
his
command
for
the
duration
of
the
voyage
.
Same
Latin
root
‘
commandare
’;
military
use
recorded
since
the
16th
century
.
noun
a
word
,
phrase
,
or
symbol
typed
or
spoken
to
make
a
computer
perform
a
specific
action
•
Type
the
‘
mkdir
’
command
to
create
a
new
folder
.
Type
the
‘
mkdir
’
command
to
create
a
new
folder
.
•
Voice
assistants
recognize
the
command
‘
play music
’
instantly
.
Voice
assistants
recognize
the
command
‘
play music
’
instantly
.
Adapted
from
the
general
sense
of
‘
command
’
in
the
1950s
during
early
computer
development
.
commander
noun
a
person
who
leads
and
gives
orders
to
a
group
,
organization
,
or
operation
,
especially
in
the
armed
forces
•
The
commander
gave
the
order
to
move
forward
.
The
commander
gave
the
order
to
move
forward
.
•
After
years
of
service
,
she
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
base
.
After
years
of
service
,
she
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
base
.
From
command
+
-er
,
first
recorded
in
Middle
English
referring
to
someone
vested
with
authority
.
noun
an
officer
rank
in
some
navies
and
air
forces
,
above
lieutenant
commander
and
below
captain
•
Lieutenant
Commander
Jones
will
become
a
full
Commander
next
month
.
Lieutenant
Commander
Jones
will
become
a
full
Commander
next
month
.
•
A
commander
in
the
Royal
Navy
typically
leads
a
frigate-sized
ship
.
A
commander
in
the
Royal
Navy
typically
leads
a
frigate-sized
ship
.
Adopted
as
a
formal
rank
title
in
17th-century
European
navies
,
derived
from
the
broader
sense
of
one
who
commands
.
primarily
adverb
mainly
or
for
the
most
part
;
chiefly
•
The
festival
is
aimed
primarily
at
children
under
ten
.
The
festival
is
aimed
primarily
at
children
under
ten
.
•
Our
research
focuses
primarily
on
renewable
energy
sources
.
Our
research
focuses
primarily
on
renewable
energy
sources
.
adverb
in
the
first
place
;
at
the
beginning
;
originally
•
The
town
was
primarily
a
mining
settlement
before
tourism
took
over
.
The
town
was
primarily
a
mining
settlement
before
tourism
took
over
.
•
He
went
to
art
school
primarily
to
learn
sculpture
,
but
discovered
painting
instead
.
He
went
to
art
school
primarily
to
learn
sculpture
,
but
discovered
painting
instead
.
approximately
adverb
close
to
a
particular
number
,
amount
,
time
,
or
quantity
but
not
exactly
•
The
flight
will
take
approximately
three
hours
.
The
flight
will
take
approximately
three
hours
.
•
There
were
approximately
fifty
students
in
the
hall
before
the
concert
began
.
There
were
approximately
fifty
students
in
the
hall
before
the
concert
began
.
From
Latin
approximatus
,
past
participle
of
appropiare
“
to
come
nearer
,”
with
the
adverbial
suffix
–ly
added
to
approximate
.
remaining
adjective
still
left
after
other
parts
or
items
have
been
removed
,
used
,
or
dealt
with
.
•
Please
divide
the
remaining
cake
equally
among
the
guests
.
Please
divide
the
remaining
cake
equally
among
the
guests
.
•
The
captain
gathered
the
remaining
players
for
a
quick
pep
talk
.
The
captain
gathered
the
remaining
players
for
a
quick
pep
talk
.
dramatic
adjective
connected
with
acting
,
plays
,
or
the
theatre
•
Maria
auditioned
for
the
school's
dramatic
club
and
got
the
lead
role
.
Maria
auditioned
for
the
school's
dramatic
club
and
got
the
lead
role
.
•
The
festival
offers
workshops
in
dramatic
writing
for
young
playwrights
.
The
festival
offers
workshops
in
dramatic
writing
for
young
playwrights
.
adjective
very
big
,
sudden
,
and
noticeable
,
making
people
pay
attention
•
There
was
a
dramatic
change
in
the
weather
when
the
storm
rolled
in
.
There
was
a
dramatic
change
in
the
weather
when
the
storm
rolled
in
.
•
The
new
haircut
gave
Lena
a
dramatic
new
look
.
The
new
haircut
gave
Lena
a
dramatic
new
look
.
adjective
behaving
in
an
exaggerated
,
emotional
way
to
get
attention
•
Stop
being
so
dramatic
—
it
’
s
just
a
tiny
paper
cut
.
Stop
being
so
dramatic
—
it
’
s
just
a
tiny
paper
cut
.
•
My
brother
turns
dramatic
every
time
he
loses
a
match
online
.
My
brother
turns
dramatic
every
time
he
loses
a
match
online
.
formal
adjective
suitable
for
serious
or
official
occasions
,
especially
describing
elegant
clothing
or
events
that
require
it
•
The
invitation
said
the
wedding
was
formal
,
so
everyone
wore
suits
and
evening
gowns
.
The
invitation
said
the
wedding
was
formal
,
so
everyone
wore
suits
and
evening
gowns
.
•
At
the
embassy
dinner
,
a
formal
dress
code
was
strictly
enforced
.
At
the
embassy
dinner
,
a
formal
dress
code
was
strictly
enforced
.
From
Latin
“
formalis
”
meaning
“
relating
to
form
.”
adjective
showing
serious
,
polite
behavior
or
style
that
follows
accepted
social
rules
;
not
casual
or
relaxed
•
My
teacher
is
always
formal
when
she
speaks
to
parents
.
My
teacher
is
always
formal
when
she
speaks
to
parents
.
•
He
used
very
formal
language
in
his
job
interview
.
He
used
very
formal
language
in
his
job
interview
.
Derived
from
the
idea
of
keeping
to
set
social
“
forms
.”
noun
a
large
,
organized
school
dance
or
ball
,
especially
one
held
at
the
end
of
the
academic
year
•
Ella
bought
a
blue
gown
for
her
Year-12
formal
.
Ella
bought
a
blue
gown
for
her
Year-12
formal
.
•
They
hired
a
limo
to
arrive
in
style
at
the
school
formal
.
They
hired
a
limo
to
arrive
in
style
at
the
school
formal
.
Shortened
from
“
formal
dance
,”
popularized
in
Australian
schools
in
the
late
20th
century
.
adjective
official
and
recognized
by
rules
or
law
;
carried
out
in
a
fixed
,
proper
way
•
The
company
made
a
formal
announcement
of
the
merger
.
The
company
made
a
formal
announcement
of
the
merger
.
•
You
must
file
a
formal
complaint
to
start
the
process
.
You
must
file
a
formal
complaint
to
start
the
process
.
Sense
developed
from
Latin
“
formalis
”
referring
to
something
done
according
to
form
or
ceremony
.
adjective
concerned
with
form
,
structure
,
or
symbols
rather
than
practical
content
,
especially
in
mathematics
,
logic
,
or
linguistics
•
Students
study
formal
logic
before
tackling
real-world
arguments
.
Students
study
formal
logic
before
tackling
real-world
arguments
.
•
Programming
languages
have
precise
formal
grammars
.
Programming
languages
have
precise
formal
grammars
.
Adopted
in
technical
fields
to
stress
abstract
structure
.
drama
noun
a
play
or
story
written
to
be
acted
on
stage
,
on
television
,
or
on
radio
•
The
school
is
putting
on
a
drama
about
climate
change
this
Friday
night
.
The
school
is
putting
on
a
drama
about
climate
change
this
Friday
night
.
•
We
watched
a
gripping
crime
drama
on
TV
last
night
.
We
watched
a
gripping
crime
drama
on
TV
last
night
.
from
Greek
“
drāma
”
meaning
“
action
,
deed
,”
from
“
dran
”
to
do
,
perform
noun
the
art
or
activity
of
writing
,
producing
,
or
acting
in
plays
•
He
studied
drama
at
university
before
becoming
an
actor
.
He
studied
drama
at
university
before
becoming
an
actor
.
•
The
after-school
drama
club
meets
every
Wednesday
.
The
after-school
drama
club
meets
every
Wednesday
.
noun
exciting
,
emotional
,
or
unexpected
events
,
often
involving
tension
or
fuss
•
There
was
a
lot
of
drama
when
the
fire
alarm
rang
during
the
ceremony
.
There
was
a
lot
of
drama
when
the
fire
alarm
rang
during
the
ceremony
.
•
I
’
m
tired
of
office
drama
and
gossip
.
I
’
m
tired
of
office
drama
and
gossip
.
normally
adverb
usually
or
in
most
situations
•
We
normally
eat
dinner
at
six
o'clock
.
We
normally
eat
dinner
at
six
o'clock
.
•
It
normally
takes
me
half
an
hour
to
walk
to
work
.
It
normally
takes
me
half
an
hour
to
walk
to
work
.
adverb
in
a
regular
,
healthy
,
or
proper
way
•
After
the
repair
,
the
machine
is
functioning
normally
again
.
After
the
repair
,
the
machine
is
functioning
normally
again
.
•
She
could
not
breathe
normally
after
running
up
the
stairs
.
She
could
not
breathe
normally
after
running
up
the
stairs
.
ultimate
adjective
coming
at
the
very
end
of
a
series
or
process
;
final
•
Crossing
the
finish
line
was
the
ultimate
moment
of
the
marathon
for
her
.
Crossing
the
finish
line
was
the
ultimate
moment
of
the
marathon
for
her
.
•
Passing
the
exam
is
the
ultimate
step
before
becoming
a
doctor
.
Passing
the
exam
is
the
ultimate
step
before
becoming
a
doctor
.
From
Latin
ultimus
“
farthest
,
last
”.
adjective
being
the
best
,
greatest
,
or
most
extreme
of
its
kind
•
For
many
gamers
,
this
console
is
the
ultimate
machine
.
For
many
gamers
,
this
console
is
the
ultimate
machine
.
•
They
booked
the
ultimate
luxury
suite
overlooking
the
ocean
.
They
booked
the
ultimate
luxury
suite
overlooking
the
ocean
.
adjective
relating
to
the
most
basic
or
fundamental
reason
,
fact
,
or
level
•
Greed
was
the
ultimate
cause
of
the
collapse
.
Greed
was
the
ultimate
cause
of
the
collapse
.
•
Scientists
search
for
the
ultimate
truth
about
the
universe
.
Scientists
search
for
the
ultimate
truth
about
the
universe
.
noun
the
best
or
most
extreme
example
of
something
•
For
her
,
Paris
in
spring
is
the
ultimate
.
For
her
,
Paris
in
spring
is
the
ultimate
.
•
The
hotel
claims
its
spa
is
the
ultimate
in
relaxation
.
The
hotel
claims
its
spa
is
the
ultimate
in
relaxation
.
Ultimate
noun
-
Ultimate
a
fast-paced
team
sport
played
with
a
flying
disc
,
officially
called
ultimate
frisbee
•
Every
Saturday
,
we
play
Ultimate
in
the
park
.
Every
Saturday
,
we
play
Ultimate
in
the
park
.
•
She
joined
the
university
Ultimate
team
.
She
joined
the
university
Ultimate
team
.
Shortened
from
the
full
name
“
ultimate
frisbee
,”
first
played
in
the
late
1960s
in
the
United
States
.
Maker
noun
-
Maker
God
,
who
is
believed
to
have
created
the
world
•
They
thanked
their
Maker
for
the
safe
journey
.
They
thanked
their
Maker
for
the
safe
journey
.
•
In
the
hymn
,
the
choir
praised
the
Maker
of
heaven
and
earth
.
In
the
hymn
,
the
choir
praised
the
Maker
of
heaven
and
earth
.
Use
of
capitalized
Maker
to
refer
to
God
dates
to
Middle
English
religious
texts
,
based
on
the
idea
of
God
as
the
creator
or
‘
one
who
makes
.’
stomach
noun
the
internal
organ
where
food
goes
after
you
swallow
it
,
beginning
the
process
of
digestion
.
•
After
eating
too
much
candy
,
Maria's
stomach
started
to
hurt
.
After
eating
too
much
candy
,
Maria's
stomach
started
to
hurt
.
•
The
doctor
gently
pressed
on
the
patient's
stomach
during
the
examination
.
The
doctor
gently
pressed
on
the
patient's
stomach
during
the
examination
.
Old
French
estomac
,
from
Latin
stomachus
‘
gullet
,
belly
’,
from
Greek
stomachos
‘
throat
,
belly
’.
noun
-
stomach
the
desire
or
courage
to
face
or
do
something
difficult
or
unpleasant
.
•
She
didn't
have
the
stomach
to
tell
him
the
bad
news
.
She
didn't
have
the
stomach
to
tell
him
the
bad
news
.
•
Many
investors
lost
their
stomach
for
risk
during
the
crisis
.
Many
investors
lost
their
stomach
for
risk
during
the
crisis
.
Extended
figurative
use
of
‘
stomach
’ (
organ
believed
to
be
seat
of
courage
or
desire
)
first
recorded
in
late
Middle
English
.
verb
to
accept
or
tolerate
something
unpleasant
without
becoming
upset
.
•
I
can't
stomach
his
arrogant
attitude
anymore
.
I
can't
stomach
his
arrogant
attitude
anymore
.
•
She
could
barely
stomach
the
bitter
medicine
.
She
could
barely
stomach
the
bitter
medicine
.
Verb
sense
developed
in
16th
century
from
noun
,
influenced
by
idea
of
‘
swallowing
’
displeasure
.
permanent
adjective
lasting
or
meant
to
last
for
a
long
time
or
forever
,
without
changing
•
The
bridge
was
built
to
be
permanent
,
not
just
a
temporary
crossing
.
The
bridge
was
built
to
be
permanent
,
not
just
a
temporary
crossing
.
•
She
made
a
permanent
mark
on
the
glass
with
a
diamond
tip
.
She
made
a
permanent
mark
on
the
glass
with
a
diamond
tip
.
noun
a
hairstyle
created
by
treating
the
hair
with
chemicals
so
that
it
stays
curly
or
wavy
for
several
months
•
Emma
decided
to
get
a
permanent
before
her
cousin
’
s
wedding
.
Emma
decided
to
get
a
permanent
before
her
cousin
’
s
wedding
.
•
His
mother
showed
him
an
old
photo
of
her
high
school
permanent
.
His
mother
showed
him
an
old
photo
of
her
high
school
permanent
.
tomato
noun
-
tomato
,
tomatoes
a
round
,
juicy
red
fruit
with
smooth
skin
and
many
seeds
,
often
eaten
raw
or
cooked
in
salads
,
sauces
,
and
other
dishes
•
At
lunchtime
,
Maria
sliced
a
ripe
tomato
for
her
sandwich
.
At
lunchtime
,
Maria
sliced
a
ripe
tomato
for
her
sandwich
.
•
The
salad
looked
colorful
with
red
tomato
and
green
lettuce
.
The
salad
looked
colorful
with
red
tomato
and
green
lettuce
.
Early
17th
century
:
from
Spanish
‘
tomate
’,
of
Nahuatl
origin
(‘
tomatl
’)
noun
-
tomato
,
tomatoes
the
leafy
,
bushy
plant
with
hairy
stems
and
yellow
flowers
that
produces
tomato
fruits
•
The
gardener
watered
each
tomato
every
morning
to
help
it
grow
tall
.
The
gardener
watered
each
tomato
every
morning
to
help
it
grow
tall
.
•
After
a
few
weeks
,
the
small
tomato
began
to
sprout
yellow
flowers
.
After
a
few
weeks
,
the
small
tomato
began
to
sprout
yellow
flowers
.
noun
-
tomato
,
tomatoes
(
slang
,
dated
)
an
attractive
young
woman
,
especially
one
considered
stylish
or
sexually
appealing
•
In
the
old
movie
,
the
detective
calls
the
singer
a
real
tomato
.
In
the
old
movie
,
the
detective
calls
the
singer
a
real
tomato
.
•
His
grandpa
still
uses
the
term
tomato
to
talk
about
pretty
girls
.
His
grandpa
still
uses
the
term
tomato
to
talk
about
pretty
girls
.
American
slang
from
the
1920s
,
possibly
comparing
a
woman
’
s
attractiveness
to
the
bright
,
eye-catching
color
of
a
ripe
tomato
congressman
noun
-
congressman
,
congressmen
a
man
(
or
sometimes
any
member
)
elected
to
the
U
.
S
.
House
of
Representatives
•
The
congressman
spoke
at
the
town
hall
about
the
new
education
bill
.
The
congressman
spoke
at
the
town
hall
about
the
new
education
bill
.
•
After
winning
the
election
,
he
was
sworn
in
as
a
congressman
in
Washington
,
D
.
C
.
After
winning
the
election
,
he
was
sworn
in
as
a
congressman
in
Washington
,
D
.
C
.
coined
in
the
United
States
in
the
early
19th
century
from
congress
+
-man
,
modeled
after
earlier
terms
like
"
assemblyman
"
domain
noun
a
particular
field
of
activity
,
knowledge
,
or
interest
•
The
new
software
engineer
quickly
adapted
to
the
cybersecurity
domain
.
The
new
software
engineer
quickly
adapted
to
the
cybersecurity
domain
.
•
Though
I
studied
biology
,
economics
is
outside
my
domain
of
expertise
.
Though
I
studied
biology
,
economics
is
outside
my
domain
of
expertise
.
Borrowed
into
Middle
English
from
Old
French
domaine
“
lord
’
s
estate
,”
ultimately
from
Latin
dominium
“
ownership
,
property
.”
noun
land
or
property
that
someone
owns
or
controls
•
The
vast
forest
became
part
of
the
king
’
s
domain
after
the
treaty
.
The
vast
forest
became
part
of
the
king
’
s
domain
after
the
treaty
.
•
The
estate
agent
showed
us
every
corner
of
the
noble
family
’
s
domain
.
The
estate
agent
showed
us
every
corner
of
the
noble
family
’
s
domain
.
noun
a
unique
address
on
the
internet
that
identifies
a
website
or
email
destination
•
We
bought
a
short
domain
to
make
the
website
easier
to
remember
.
We
bought
a
short
domain
to
make
the
website
easier
to
remember
.
•
The
company
’
s
email
addresses
all
share
the
same
domain
.
The
company
’
s
email
addresses
all
share
the
same
domain
.
noun
in
mathematics
,
the
complete
set
of
possible
input
values
for
which
a
function
is
defined
•
For
the
function
f
(
x
)
=√x
,
the
domain
includes
all
non-negative
real
numbers
.
For
the
function
f
(
x
)
=√x
,
the
domain
includes
all
non-negative
real
numbers
.
•
You
must
state
the
domain
before
graphing
the
equation
.
You
must
state
the
domain
before
graphing
the
equation
.
remarkable
adjective
unusual
or
surprising
enough
to
attract
attention
or
be
noticed
•
It
is
remarkable
that
the
tiny
insect
can
lift
objects
many
times
its
weight
.
It
is
remarkable
that
the
tiny
insect
can
lift
objects
many
times
its
weight
.
•
The
desert
town
experiences
a
remarkable
drop
in
temperature
after
sunset
.
The
desert
town
experiences
a
remarkable
drop
in
temperature
after
sunset
.
Derived
from
remark
+
-able
in
the
early
17th
century
,
literally
‘
worthy
of
remark
’.
adjective
extremely
impressive
,
excellent
,
or
admirable
•
She
has
shown
remarkable
progress
in
her
piano
lessons
.
She
has
shown
remarkable
progress
in
her
piano
lessons
.
•
The
rescue
team
did
a
remarkable
job
saving
everyone
during
the
storm
.
The
rescue
team
did
a
remarkable
job
saving
everyone
during
the
storm
.
Same
as
other
sense
:
formed
by
combining
remark
with
the
suffix
-able
,
indicating
something
that
can
be
remarked
upon
because
it
is
impressive
.
humanity
noun
-
humanity
all
human
beings
considered
as
a
group
•
Climate
change
is
a
challenge
that
threatens
all
of
humanity
.
Climate
change
is
a
challenge
that
threatens
all
of
humanity
.
•
Throughout
history
,
humanity
has
sought
to
explore
the
unknown
.
Throughout
history
,
humanity
has
sought
to
explore
the
unknown
.
From
Middle
English
‘
humanité
’,
via
Old
French
,
from
Latin
‘
humanitas
’
meaning
‘
mankind
,
kindness
’.
noun
-
humanity
kindness
and
compassion
toward
other
people
,
especially
those
who
are
suffering
•
The
nurse
showed
great
humanity
by
staying
with
the
patient
all
night
.
The
nurse
showed
great
humanity
by
staying
with
the
patient
all
night
.
•
Acts
of
humanity
can
brighten
even
the
darkest
day
.
Acts
of
humanity
can
brighten
even
the
darkest
day
.
Same
Latin
root
‘
humanitas
’;
sense
of
‘
kindness
’
attested
since
the
15th
century
.
noun
-
humanity
the
state
or
quality
of
being
human
,
including
human
nature
and
feelings
•
The
novel
explores
the
fragility
of
humanity
in
times
of
war
.
The
novel
explores
the
fragility
of
humanity
in
times
of
war
.
•
Robots
may
mimic
us
,
but
they
lack
true
humanity
.
Robots
may
mimic
us
,
but
they
lack
true
humanity
.
Extension
of
Latin
‘
humanitas
’
to
‘
human
nature
’
recorded
since
the
late
16th
century
.
spokesman
noun
-
spokesman
,
spokesmen
a
man
who
speaks
officially
for
a
group
,
organization
,
or
person
and
gives
information
to
the
public
or
the
press
.
•
The
company
spokesman
announced
the
new
product
at
a
crowded
press
conference
.
The
company
spokesman
announced
the
new
product
at
a
crowded
press
conference
.
•
After
the
summit
,
a
government
spokesman
told
reporters
that
negotiations
had
made
good
progress
.
After
the
summit
,
a
government
spokesman
told
reporters
that
negotiations
had
made
good
progress
.
imagination
noun
the
ability
to
think
of
new
ideas
,
pictures
,
or
stories
that
are
not
present
or
real
•
Children
often
use
their
imagination
to
turn
a
cardboard
box
into
a
rocket
ship
.
Children
often
use
their
imagination
to
turn
a
cardboard
box
into
a
rocket
ship
.
•
With
a
little
imagination
,
yesterday
’
s
leftovers
became
a
delicious
stew
for
dinner
.
With
a
little
imagination
,
yesterday
’
s
leftovers
became
a
delicious
stew
for
dinner
.
From
Middle
French
imagination
,
from
Latin
imaginatio
“
a
picture
,
idea
,
imagination
”,
from
imaginari
“
to
picture
to
oneself
”.
noun
a
picture
,
idea
,
or
thing
that
someone
thinks
of
that
is
not
real
•
The
strange
noise
in
the
attic
was
only
my
imagination
.
The
strange
noise
in
the
attic
was
only
my
imagination
.
•
In
her
imagination
,
she
walked
along
a
beach
even
while
sitting
in
the
busy
office
.
In
her
imagination
,
she
walked
along
a
beach
even
while
sitting
in
the
busy
office
.
Same
origin
as
Sense
1
,
ultimately
from
Latin
imaginatio
“
a
picture
,
idea
”.
legitimate
adjective
allowed
by
law
or
by
official
rules
•
The
police
needed
a
legitimate
reason
to
search
the
house
.
The
police
needed
a
legitimate
reason
to
search
the
house
.
•
Only
legitimate
businesses
can
apply
for
the
city
grant
.
Only
legitimate
businesses
can
apply
for
the
city
grant
.
From
Late
Latin
legitimatus
,
past
participle
of
legitimare
“
to
make
lawful
”,
from
Latin
legitimus
“
lawful
,”
from
lex
“
law
.”
adjective
reasonable
and
acceptable
•
It's
a
legitimate
concern
that
the
project
might
run
over
budget
.
It's
a
legitimate
concern
that
the
project
might
run
over
budget
.
•
The
teacher
gave
a
legitimate
extension
after
the
storm
cut
the
power
.
The
teacher
gave
a
legitimate
extension
after
the
storm
cut
the
power
.
adjective
born
to
parents
who
are
legally
married
to
each
other
•
As
a
legitimate
heir
,
she
inherited
the
family
estate
.
As
a
legitimate
heir
,
she
inherited
the
family
estate
.
•
In
the
past
,
only
legitimate
children
could
claim
the
throne
.
In
the
past
,
only
legitimate
children
could
claim
the
throne
.
verb
-
legitimate
,
legitimating
,
legitimates
,
legitimated
to
make
something
lawful
,
acceptable
,
or
officially
recognized
•
The
vote
will
legitimate
the
committee's
decision
.
The
vote
will
legitimate
the
committee's
decision
.
•
A
new
law
legitimated
the
small
businesses
operating
from
home
.
A
new
law
legitimated
the
small
businesses
operating
from
home
.
romantic
adjective
showing
or
expressing
strong
feelings
of
love
and
affection
•
They
enjoyed
a
romantic
dinner
by
candlelight
.
They
enjoyed
a
romantic
dinner
by
candlelight
.
•
He
surprised
her
with
a
bouquet
of
roses
and
a
romantic
note
.
He
surprised
her
with
a
bouquet
of
roses
and
a
romantic
note
.
noun
a
person
who
has
an
idealistic
or
passionate
view
of
love
or
life
•
Julia
is
a
true
romantic
who
believes
in
love
at
first
sight
.
Julia
is
a
true
romantic
who
believes
in
love
at
first
sight
.
•
Don
’
t
laugh
—
being
a
romantic
keeps
me
optimistic
.
Don
’
t
laugh
—
being
a
romantic
keeps
me
optimistic
.
adjective
giving
an
exciting
,
mysterious
,
or
picturesque
feeling
,
especially
about
far-away
places
,
old
buildings
,
or
adventures
•
Mist
curled
around
the
old
lighthouse
,
making
the
scene
look
romantic
and
mysterious
.
Mist
curled
around
the
old
lighthouse
,
making
the
scene
look
romantic
and
mysterious
.
•
Travelers
praise
the
trail
for
its
romantic
mountain
views
.
Travelers
praise
the
trail
for
its
romantic
mountain
views
.
Romantic
adjective
relating
to
the
literary
and
artistic
movement
of
Romanticism
in
the
late
18th
and
early
19th
centuries
•
Wordsworth
is
one
of
the
best-known
Romantic
poets
.
Wordsworth
is
one
of
the
best-known
Romantic
poets
.
•
The
symphony
has
a
lush
,
Romantic
style
full
of
emotion
.
The
symphony
has
a
lush
,
Romantic
style
full
of
emotion
.
formation
noun
the
act
or
process
of
creating
or
developing
something
•
The
rapid
formation
of
ice
on
the
pond
surprised
the
children
.
The
rapid
formation
of
ice
on
the
pond
surprised
the
children
.
•
Language
teachers
study
the
formation
of
new
words
over
time
.
Language
teachers
study
the
formation
of
new
words
over
time
.
Borrowed
from
Latin
formatio
meaning
‘
a
shaping
,
a
forming
’,
from
formare
‘
to
form
’.
noun
a
physical
structure
or
pattern
that
has
been
naturally
or
artificially
created
•
Tourists
flocked
to
see
the
towering
sandstone
formation
in
the
desert
.
Tourists
flocked
to
see
the
towering
sandstone
formation
in
the
desert
.
•
Coral
reefs
are
a
delicate
formation
built
by
tiny
sea
creatures
.
Coral
reefs
are
a
delicate
formation
built
by
tiny
sea
creatures
.
noun
an
orderly
arrangement
or
pattern
in
which
people
,
animals
,
or
vehicles
move
or
stand
•
The
soldiers
marched
in
perfect
formation
during
the
parade
.
The
soldiers
marched
in
perfect
formation
during
the
parade
.
•
Five
jets
streaked
across
the
sky
in
a
tight
V
formation
.
Five
jets
streaked
across
the
sky
in
a
tight
V
formation
.
format
noun
the
size
,
shape
,
or
arrangement
of
something
,
especially
the
way
information
,
a
document
,
or
a
program
is
organized
and
presented
•
The
teacher
explained
the
new
format
of
the
weekly
quiz
.
The
teacher
explained
the
new
format
of
the
weekly
quiz
.
•
The
TV
show
changed
its
format
to
attract
younger
viewers
.
The
TV
show
changed
its
format
to
attract
younger
viewers
.
Borrowed
from
French
format
,
from
Latin
forma
“
shape
,
form
.”
It
first
appeared
in
English
in
the
mid-19th
century
to
describe
book
sizes
before
broadening
to
other
kinds
of
arrangement
.
verb
-
format
,
formatting
,
formats
,
formatted
to
arrange
the
appearance
or
structure
of
text
,
pages
,
or
other
information
in
a
particular
way
•
She
formatted
the
essay
with
double
spacing
and
wide
margins
.
She
formatted
the
essay
with
double
spacing
and
wide
margins
.
•
Make
sure
to
format
the
table
so
the
numbers
align
.
Make
sure
to
format
the
table
so
the
numbers
align
.
verb
-
format
,
formatting
,
formats
,
formatted
to
prepare
a
disk
,
memory
card
,
or
other
storage
device
for
use
,
which
deletes
all
existing
data
•
Before
installing
the
new
system
,
he
had
to
format
the
hard
drive
.
Before
installing
the
new
system
,
he
had
to
format
the
hard
drive
.
•
The
photographer
formatted
the
memory
card
to
clear
space
for
new
pictures
.
The
photographer
formatted
the
memory
card
to
clear
space
for
new
pictures
.
summary
noun
-
summary
,
summaries
a
short
statement
that
presents
only
the
most
important
points
of
something
•
After
each
chapter
,
there
is
a
brief
summary
to
help
readers
remember
the
key
points
.
After
each
chapter
,
there
is
a
brief
summary
to
help
readers
remember
the
key
points
.
•
Could
you
give
me
a
quick
summary
of
what
happened
at
the
meeting
?
Could
you
give
me
a
quick
summary
of
what
happened
at
the
meeting
?
From
Latin
summa
‘
total
,
gist
’
+
-ary
.
adjective
done
quickly
and
without
the
usual
formal
procedures
•
The
judge
made
a
summary
decision
after
hearing
the
clear
evidence
.
The
judge
made
a
summary
decision
after
hearing
the
clear
evidence
.
•
The
airline
issued
a
summary
refund
to
all
affected
passengers
.
The
airline
issued
a
summary
refund
to
all
affected
passengers
.
Extended
from
the
noun
sense
,
influenced
by
legal
phrase
“
summary
judgment
”
meaning
‘
dispensed
with
full
trial
’.
automatically
adverb
without
any
human
control
or
effort
,
by
means
of
a
machine
,
program
,
or
built-in
mechanism
•
The
sliding
doors
automatically
open
when
a
customer
gets
close
.
The
sliding
doors
automatically
open
when
a
customer
gets
close
.
•
My
phone
automatically
backs
up
all
photos
to
the
cloud
every
night
.
My
phone
automatically
backs
up
all
photos
to
the
cloud
every
night
.
From
automatic
+
-ly
,
first
recorded
in
the
18th
century
to
describe
self-acting
machines
.
adverb
without
conscious
thought
,
because
of
habit
or
instinct
•
When
the
ball
came
at
her
face
,
she
automatically
raised
her
hands
to
block
it
.
When
the
ball
came
at
her
face
,
she
automatically
raised
her
hands
to
block
it
.
•
He
automatically
says
“
thank
you
”
the
moment
someone
holds
the
door
for
him
.
He
automatically
says
“
thank
you
”
the
moment
someone
holds
the
door
for
him
.
Extension
of
the
mechanical
sense
to
human
behavior
in
the
late
19th
century
,
describing
actions
done
‘
as
if
by
machinery
’.
adverb
inevitably
or
by
necessary
rule
,
without
an
extra
decision
•
Under
the
policy
,
full-time
employees
automatically
receive
health
insurance
.
Under
the
policy
,
full-time
employees
automatically
receive
health
insurance
.
•
If
your
balance
falls
below
zero
,
the
bank
will
automatically
charge
an
overdraft
fee
.
If
your
balance
falls
below
zero
,
the
bank
will
automatically
charge
an
overdraft
fee
.
Legal
and
bureaucratic
writing
in
the
20th
century
adopted
the
adverb
to
mean
‘
as
a
matter
of
course
or
rule
’.
remark
noun
a
spoken
or
written
comment
or
statement
about
something
•
The
teacher
made
a
helpful
remark
about
my
project
.
The
teacher
made
a
helpful
remark
about
my
project
.
•
His
rude
remark
hurt
her
feelings
.
His
rude
remark
hurt
her
feelings
.
Borrowed
from
French
remarquer
“
to
mark
again
,
notice
,”
from
re-
“
again
”
+
marquer
“
to
mark
.”
As
a
noun
meaning
“
comment
,”
recorded
in
English
since
the
17th
century
.
verb
-
remark
,
remarking
,
remarks
,
remarked
to
say
or
write
a
comment
about
something
•
She
remarked
that
the
view
was
beautiful
.
She
remarked
that
the
view
was
beautiful
.
•
The
scientist
remarks
on
the
importance
of
clean
water
in
every
interview
.
The
scientist
remarks
on
the
importance
of
clean
water
in
every
interview
.
From
French
remarquer
“
to
mark
again
,
notice
.”
Used
as
a
verb
in
English
since
the
early
1600s
.
freshman
noun
-
freshman
,
freshmen
a
student
in
their
first
year
at
a
high
school
,
college
,
or
university
•
On
her
first
day
of
college
,
Maria
felt
excited
and
nervous
to
be
a
freshman
on
the
huge
campus
.
On
her
first
day
of
college
,
Maria
felt
excited
and
nervous
to
be
a
freshman
on
the
huge
campus
.
•
The
high
school
organized
an
orientation
to
help
every
freshman
find
their
classrooms
.
The
high
school
organized
an
orientation
to
help
every
freshman
find
their
classrooms
.
Mid-16th
century
:
from
fresh
+
man
,
originally
meaning
‘
new
or
inexperienced
person
’;
the
academic
sense
arose
in
the
17th
century
.
noun
-
freshman
,
freshmen
a
person
in
their
first
year
of
a
new
position
or
activity
,
especially
in
politics
,
business
,
or
sports
•
The
newly
elected
freshman
senator
gave
his
very
first
speech
in
the
chamber
.
The
newly
elected
freshman
senator
gave
his
very
first
speech
in
the
chamber
.
•
As
a
freshman
employee
,
Clara
spent
her
first
week
learning
the
company
’
s
software
.
As
a
freshman
employee
,
Clara
spent
her
first
week
learning
the
company
’
s
software
.
Extension
of
the
academic
sense
of
freshman
to
other
fields
such
as
politics
and
sports
in
the
19th–20th
centuries
.
nightmare
noun
a
very
frightening
or
upsetting
dream
that
often
wakes
you
up
•
The
little
boy
woke
up
crying
after
a
terrifying
nightmare
.
The
little
boy
woke
up
crying
after
a
terrifying
nightmare
.
•
I
had
a
nightmare
about
being
trapped
in
a
burning
building
.
I
had
a
nightmare
about
being
trapped
in
a
burning
building
.
Old
English
‘
niðmære
’,
from
‘
night
’
+
‘
mare
’ (
an
evil
spirit
);
originally
an
evil
being
thought
to
suffocate
sleepers
.
noun
an
extremely
difficult
,
unpleasant
,
or
annoying
situation
or
experience
•
Losing
my
passport
abroad
was
a
complete
nightmare
.
Losing
my
passport
abroad
was
a
complete
nightmare
.
•
The
morning
traffic
in
the
city
is
an
absolute
nightmare
.
The
morning
traffic
in
the
city
is
an
absolute
nightmare
.
noun
in
old
folk
tales
,
an
evil
spirit
believed
to
sit
on
a
sleeper
’
s
chest
and
cause
bad
dreams
or
suffocation
•
Medieval
villagers
blamed
the
nightmare
when
someone
awoke
gasping
for
air
.
Medieval
villagers
blamed
the
nightmare
when
someone
awoke
gasping
for
air
.
•
Stories
warned
that
a
nightmare
would
ride
a
horse
until
it
sweated
foam
.
Stories
warned
that
a
nightmare
would
ride
a
horse
until
it
sweated
foam
.
The
original
meaning
of
‘
nightmare
’
was
the
evil
spirit
itself
;
only
later
did
it
shift
to
mean
the
frightening
dream
it
was
said
to
cause
.
Roman
adjective
connected
with
ancient
Rome
,
its
people
,
or
its
culture
•
The
Roman
army
built
straight
roads
across
Europe
.
The
Roman
army
built
straight
roads
across
Europe
.
•
She
studied
Roman
history
at
university
.
She
studied
Roman
history
at
university
.
From
Latin
Rōmānus
“
of
Rome
”.
noun
a
person
who
lived
in
ancient
Rome
•
Julius
Caesar
was
a
famous
Roman
who
changed
history
.
Julius
Caesar
was
a
famous
Roman
who
changed
history
.
•
A
young
Roman
offered
bread
to
the
passing
legionaries
.
A
young
Roman
offered
bread
to
the
passing
legionaries
.
From
Latin
Rōmānus
“
inhabitant
of
Rome
”.
roman
adjective
describing
the
normal
upright
style
of
printed
letters
,
unlike
italic
or
bold
•
Print
the
headings
in
italic
and
the
body
in
roman
type
.
Print
the
headings
in
italic
and
the
body
in
roman
type
.
•
Her
name
appeared
in
bold
,
while
the
rest
was
in
roman
.
Her
name
appeared
in
bold
,
while
the
rest
was
in
roman
.
Extended
from
earlier
use
describing
letters
in
ancient
Roman
inscriptions
.
noun
-
roman
the
standard
upright
style
of
printed
letters
,
used
in
most
books
•
The
title
is
in
italics
,
but
the
main
text
is
set
in
roman
.
The
title
is
in
italics
,
but
the
main
text
is
set
in
roman
.
•
Switch
the
text
from
bold
to
roman
for
a
cleaner
look
.
Switch
the
text
from
bold
to
roman
for
a
cleaner
look
.
Named
after
the
letterforms
first
revived
during
the
Renaissance
to
imitate
inscriptional
capitals
of
ancient
Rome
.
minimum
noun
-
minimum
,
minima
in
mathematics
,
a
point
at
which
a
function
has
a
value
lower
than
or
equal
to
every
nearby
point
•
The
graph
shows
a
minimum
at
the
point
(
3
,
−2
).
The
graph
shows
a
minimum
at
the
point
(
3
,
−2
).
•
We
used
calculus
to
find
the
function's
global
minimum
.
We
used
calculus
to
find
the
function's
global
minimum
.
Adopted
into
mathematical
language
in
the
17th
century
from
Latin
minimus
“
smallest
.”
transformation
noun
a
thorough
or
dramatic
change
in
form
,
appearance
,
or
character
•
The
abandoned
warehouse
underwent
a
stunning
transformation
into
luxury
lofts
.
The
abandoned
warehouse
underwent
a
stunning
transformation
into
luxury
lofts
.
•
After
months
of
training
,
Marco's
body
transformation
amazed
his
friends
.
After
months
of
training
,
Marco's
body
transformation
amazed
his
friends
.
from
Latin
transformare
“
to
change
in
shape
,”
from
trans-
“
across
”
+
formare
“
to
form
.”
noun
in
stories
,
myths
,
or
magic
,
the
act
of
changing
one
thing
or
creature
into
another
•
The
witch
’
s
sudden
transformation
of
the
prince
into
a
frog
shocked
the
court
.
The
witch
’
s
sudden
transformation
of
the
prince
into
a
frog
shocked
the
court
.
•
In
the
legend
,
the
phoenix
’
s
fiery
death
leads
to
its
glorious
transformation
and
rebirth
.
In
the
legend
,
the
phoenix
’
s
fiery
death
leads
to
its
glorious
transformation
and
rebirth
.
used
in
folklore
and
alchemy
to
describe
magical
changes
long
before
modern
science
adopted
the
word
.
noun
in
mathematics
,
a
rule
that
maps
every
point
of
a
figure
or
space
to
another
point
,
often
changing
its
position
,
size
,
or
orientation
•
A
rotation
by
90
degrees
is
a
common
geometric
transformation
.
A
rotation
by
90
degrees
is
a
common
geometric
transformation
.
•
The
programmer
used
a
matrix
transformation
to
render
the
3-D
model
.
The
programmer
used
a
matrix
transformation
to
render
the
3-D
model
.
adopted
into
mathematical
vocabulary
in
the
19th
century
to
describe
operations
that
change
geometric
figures
.
noun
in
genetics
,
the
process
by
which
a
cell
takes
up
foreign
DNA
and
expresses
it
•
Scientists
used
bacterial
transformation
to
produce
insulin
.
Scientists
used
bacterial
transformation
to
produce
insulin
.
•
Heat
shock
is
a
common
method
to
induce
plasmid
transformation
in
bacteria
.
Heat
shock
is
a
common
method
to
induce
plasmid
transformation
in
bacteria
.
coined
in
early
20th-century
microbiology
after
Frederick
Griffith
’
s
1928
experiments
showing
bacteria
could
change
form
when
exposed
to
material
from
other
strains
.